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    Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research: Belitung Nursing Journal December 2015

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    Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research: Belitung Nursing Journal December 2015

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    Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research: Belitung Nursing Journal December 2015

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    ENSURING TRUSTWORTHINESS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

    Article  in  Belitung Nursing Journal · December 2015


    DOI: 10.33546/bnj.4

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    1 author:

    Joko Gunawan
    Belitung Raya Foundation
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    Gunawan J. Belitung Nursing Journal. 2015 December;1(1):10-11
    Accepted: 18 November 2015
    http://belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/

    © 2015 The Author(s)


    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
    International License which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any
    medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    PERSPECTIVE ISSN: 2477-4073

    ENSURING TRUSTWORTHINESS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

    Joko Gunawan*
    Diploma Nursing Study Program, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan Pangkal
    Pinang, Bangka Belitung, Indonesia

    *Corresponding author:
    Joko Gunawan, RN
    Diploma Nursing Study Program, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan Pangkal Pinang
    Jl. Melati Kabupaten Belitung, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung 33684, Indonesia
    E-mail: joe_gunawan@ymail.com

    Unfortunately, many qualitative with the positivist concept of internal


    researchers have neglected to give validity; dependability, which relates more
    adequate descriptions in their research to reliability; transferability, which is a
    reports of their assumptions and methods, form of external validity; and
    especially regarding to data analysis. It has confirmability, which is largely an issue of
    contributed to the criticisms of bias from presentation.1
    the eyes of the number of believers. This However, Sandelowski (1993)1
    article aims to discuss about the ways to regarded reliability/dependability as a
    ensure the trustworthiness in qualitative threat to validity/credibility, and
    research. questioned many of the usual qualitative
    Trustworthiness as Sandelowski reliability tests, such as member checking
    1
    (1993) mentioned that it becomes a matter (returning to the participants following
    of persuasion whereby the scientist is data analysis), or peer checking (using a
    viewed as having made those practices panel of experts or an experienced
    visible and therefore auditable. She also colleague to reanalyze some of the data) as
    argued that validity in qualitative studies ways of ensuring that the researcher has
    should be linked not to the truth or value as analyzed the data correctly. But, Guba and
    they are for the positivists. A study is Lincoln (1989) regarded member checks as
    trustworthy if and only if the reader of the ‘the single most critical technique for
    research report judges it to be so. establishing credibility’.1
    Trustworthiness has been further divided Sandelowski (1993)1 argued that if
    into credibility, which corresponds roughly reality is assumed (as it generally is within

    Belitung Nursing Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, November- December 2015 10

    Editor’sNote:
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    the qualitative paradigm) to be ‘multiple utilization of detailed transcription tech-
    and constructed’, then ‘repeatability is not niques, schematic plan of systematic
    an essential (or necessary or sufficient) coding by means of computer programs, as
    property of the things themselves’, and we well as counting in qualitative research are
    should not expect either expert researchers the modalities to ensure rigor and
    or respondents to arrive at the same themes trustworthiness.
    and categories as the researcher. Put In conclusion, to ensure the rigor
    simply, any attempt to increase reliability and trustworthiness, the qualitative
    involves a forced or artificial consensus researchers consider to do member
    and conformity in the analysis of the data, checking, triangulation, detailed transcript-
    which is usually at the expense of the tion, systematic plan and coding.
    validity or meaningfulness of the findings.
    Sandelowski, therefore, rejected reliability Declaration of Conflicting Interest
    as a useful measure of quality in qualitative None declared.
    research in favor of validity or Funding
    trustworthiness. However, she was None.
    skeptical of the positivist notion that
    validity can be achieved by the rigorous Authorship Contribution
    application of method or technique, This study is the original work of the corresponding
    author.
    agreeing with Mishler (1990) that
    ‘validation is less a technical problem than References
    a deeply theoretical one’, and is ultimately 1. Sandelowski M. Rigor or rigor mortis: the
    ‘a matter of judgment’.2 In this latter problem of rigor in qualitative research
    statement, she is approaching the third revisited. Advances in Nursing Science.
    1993;16(2):1-8.
    position on the issue of quality in 2. Sandelowski M. "To be of use": enhancing the
    qualitative research, that validity is utility of qualitative research. Nursing
    achieved through consensus on each Outlook. 1997;45(3):125-132.
    individual study rather than by the blanket 3. Rolfe G. Validity, trustworthiness and rigour:
    application of predetermined criteria.3 Wuality and the idea of qualitative research.
    Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2006;53(3):
    On the other hand, to ensure the 304-310.
    trustworthiness, the role of triangulation
    must again be emphasized, in this context Cite this article as: Gunawan J. Ensuring
    to reduce the effect of investigator bias. trustworthiness in qualitative research. Belitung
    Detail emerging methodological descript- Nursing Journal. 2015;1(1):10-11. https://doi.org/
    10.33546/bnj.4
    tion enables the readers to determine how
    far the data and constructs emerging from
    it may be accepted. Additionally, the

    Belitung Nursing Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, November- December 2015 11

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