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SOAL DAN PEMBAHASAN

GROUP BELAJAR UTBK 2021 THE KING
EDUCATION
PAKET SOAL KE : 33
MATA PELAJARAN : BAHASA INGGRIS
JUDUL BAB : TPS PPU
PENYUSUN : VANIA HASYYATI
IG PENYUSUN : @vania.hsyt_
Read the text below to answer questions number 1-3!
If we look around us at the things we have purchased at some point in our lives, we
would no doubt notice that not everything we own is being put to good use: the thick woollen
coat which we thought looked trendy despite the fact that we live in a tropical country, the
smartphone that got put away when we bought ourselves the newest model, the car that only
gets used at the weekends, or even the guest room in our house that somehow got turned into
a storeroom.
Those underutilised items may seem useless to some, but could be an asset to others.
With the advent of the internet, online communities have figured out a way to generate profit
from the sharing of those underused assets. Using websites and social media groups that
facilitate the buying and selling of second-hand goods, it is now easier than ever for peer-to-
peer sharing activities to take place. And this is known as the sharing economy.
These democratised online platforms are providing a chance for people to make a
quick buck or two. To give an example, busy parents previously might not have bothered
with setting up a stall at the local market or car boot sale to sell their children’s old
equipment, but with online marketplaces, parents are now able to sell on those hardly worn
baby clothes that their children have outgrown and the expensive pushchairs and baby
equipment they have invested in, so as to put some cash back into their pockets.
Businesses have also caught on to the profitability of the sharing economy and are
seeking to gain from making use of those underutilised resources. A business model that has
rapidly risen puts customers in contact with those who can provide a particular product or
service. Companies like Airbnb act as a middleman for people to cash in on their idle rooms
and houses and let them out as lucrative accommodation. Another example is Uber, which
encourages people to use their own personal cars as taxis to make some extra cash in their
free time.
This move towards a sharing economy is not without criticisms. Unlike businesses,
unregulated individuals do not have to follow certain regulations and this can lead to poorer
and inconsistent quality of goods and services and a higher risk of fraud. Nevertheless, in the
consumerist society we live in today, the increased opportunities to sell on our unwanted and
underused goods can lead to a lesser impact on our environment.
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1. The world “idle” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by...

A.unused.
B.unvaluable
C.uninhabited.
D.meaningless.
E.worthless.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Soal merupakan bentuk vocabulary, kata “idle”(tidak digunakan) memiliki makna yang sama
dengan “unused”.

2. “... and this can lead to poorer and inconsistent quality of goods and services”. The word
“can” is used to express...
A. ineviatability.
B. capability.
C. compability.
D. possibility.
E. necessity.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Soal merupakan bentuk vocabulary (modals). Kata “can” (dapat) pada wacana soal digunakan
untuk mengungkapkan kemampuan (capability).

3. With the ... of the internet, online communities have figured out a way to generate profit
from the sharing of those underused assets (paragraph 2)
A. advancement.
B. invention.
C. expansion.
D. innovation.
E. development.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Makna yang dikehendaki dalam kalimat soal adalah dengan penemuan (invention) internet,
komunitas daring mencari cara untuk meningkatkan keuntungan dari asset yang dibagi. Oleh
karena itu opsi yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat soal adalah “invention”.

Read the text below to answer questions number 4-6!

Climate change is very likely to affect food security at the global, regional, and local
level. Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food,and affect food
quality. For example, projected increases in temperatures,changes in precipitation patterns,
changes in extreme weather events, andreductions in water availability may all result in
reduced agricultural productivity. Increases in the frequency and severity extreme weather
events can also interrupt food delivery, and resulting spikes in food prices after extreme
events are expected to be more frequent in the future. Increasing temperatures can contribute
to spoilage and contamination.
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Internationally, these effects of climate change on agriculture and food supply are
likely to be similar to those seen in the United States. However, other stressors such as
population growth may magnify the effects of climate change on food security. In developing
countries, adaptation options like changes in crop-management or ranching practices, or
improvements to irrigation are more limited than in the United States and other industrialized
nations.
Any climate-related disturbance to food distribution and transport, internationally or
domestically, may have significant impacts not only on safety and quality but also on food
access. For example, the food transportation system in the United States frequently moves
large volumes of grain by water. In the case of an extreme weather event affecting a
waterway, there are few, if any, alternate pathways for transport. High temperatures and a
shortage of rain in the summer of 2012 led to one of the most severe summer droughts the
nation has seen and posed serious impacts to the Mississippi River watershed, a major
transcontinental shipping route for Midwestern agriculture. This drought resulted in
significant food and economic losses due to reductions in barge traffic, the volume of goods
carried, and the number of Americans employed by the tugboat industry. The 2012 drought
was immediately followed by flooding throughout the Mississippi in the spring of 2013,
which also resulted in disruptions of barge traffic and food transport. Transportation changes
such as these reduce the ability of farmers to export their grains to international markets, and
can affect global food prices.
Impacts to the global food supply concern the United States because food shortages
can cause humanitarian crises and national security concerns. They also can increase
domestic food prices.

4. How does the idea in sentence 2 relate to the idea in sentence 1 in paragraph 3?
A.Sentence 2 is the result of the idea in sentence 1.
B.Sentence 2 elaborates the example of the significant impacts on food access stated in
sentence 1.
C. Sentence 2 provides another impact mentioned in sentence 1.
D. Sentence 2 is the implementation of the significant impact stated in sentence 1.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Kalimat kesatu pada paragraf ketiga berisi informasi bahwa gangguan perubahan iklim
berdampak pada pendistribusian dan transportasi makanan. Kalimat kedua pada paragraf
ketiga merupakan contoh dari pendistribusian gandum di Amerika sehingga jelas bahwa
kalimat kedua menjelaskan contoh dampak signifikan terhadap akses yang dijelaskan pada
kalimat kesatu.

5. The sentence which is irrelevant to the text can be found at...

A.the beggining of paragraph 1.
B.the end of paragraph 1.
C.the end beggining of paragraph 2.
D.the end of paragraph 2.
E.the end of paragraph 3.
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
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Kalimat yang tidak sesuai dengan isi wacana adalah kalimat terakhir di paragraf kedua.
Kalimat “they also can increase domestic food prices” yang artinya mereka dapat
meningkatkan harga makanan lokal tidak sejalan dengan informasi sebelumnya.

6. In which paragraph does the author mention about the impact of climate disturbance in
distributing food supply?
A. Paragraph 1.
B. Paragraph 2.
C. Paragraph 3.
D. Paragraph 1 and 2.
E. Paragraph 1 and 3.
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Berdasarkan informasi wacana paragraf yang menjelaskan tentang dampak gangguan iklim
dalam pendistribusian suplai makanan terdapat di paragraf ketiga.

Read the text below to answer questions number 7-10!

One of the many astounding things that humans can do is recognize faces. Even
though most faces we encounter are basically similar — a rough oval shape, two eyes, a nose,
a mouth — most of us can pick out subtle differences and distinguish among hundreds of
mugs. In an instant. Monkeys and other primates are similarly adept.
For a long time, scientists thought this feat required sophisticated brain machinery—a
combination of perception and memory. Brain scans show that a part of our neocortex known
as the fusiform gyrus becomes activated when we look at faces. People with damage to the
fusiform gyrus lose their ability to recognize faces, a disorder known as prosopagnosia.
Surely this was a special talent.
But perhaps not! A fascinating new paper in Scientific Reports offers evidence that
archerfish — a tropical fish that spits jets of water to stun prey — can be trained to recognize
human faces with surprising accuracy, even though they lack the same complex brain
structures. If true, it’s yet another piece of evidence that fish are much, much smarter than we
think.
In the study, led by Cait Newport of Oxford University, the researchers trained four
archerfish to spit water at an image of a particular human face in order to receive a food
prize. They found the archerfish could then distinguish that face from 44 other faces with
surprising accuracy (81 percent of the time, at peak).
As always with animal studies, it’s tough to be 100 percent confident that the fish are
actually recognizing faces. We don’t have access to their inner lives, only their behavior. But
it sure seems like they do. The researchers tried again with a fresh set of four archerfish,
standardizing face shape and switching to black and white images. The fish could still
reliably distinguish among 18 faces, 86 percent of the time.
Brown also noted that the facial recognition study jibes with quite a bit with what
we’ve been learning lately about fish intelligence. “Most fish species are social and have the
capacity for individual recognition,” he wrote. “We have known that for more than 20 years.
We also know that fish can use facial features to categorize predator and non predators. Fish
are much smarter than people think”. Fish can learn from each other. They can recognize
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other fish they’ve spent time with previously. They know their place within fish social
hierarchies. They remember complex spatial maps of their surroundings.

7. The author is mainly concerned about...

A.archerfish ability to recognize their owner when they are given some food.
B.animals capability to recognize people’s face by activating their neocortex.
C.face recognition as a special traits owned by several animals.
D.eocortex’s role in detecting face to enhace perception an memory is some animals.
E.archerfish ability to recognize human faces inspite of their imperfect brain structure.
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Berdasarkan informasi pada wacana, diketahui bahwa paragraf 1 dan 2 merupakan informasi
bahwa binatang dapat mengenali wajah manusia. Ide ini kemudian dikembangkan di seluruh
wacana dengan memberi contoh pada archerfish yang dapat mengenali wajah manusia
walaupun struktur otak mereka sangat sederhana.

8. When the archerfish are exposed to more faces to recognize, which of the following
statement is true?
A. They can remember most of the faces given.
B. They will fail to recognize them all.
C. They will show an excolation of memory.
D. They can lead to outperform research findings.
E. They may suffer a memory problem.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Berdasarkan informasi pada paragraf kelima, dapat diketahui bahwa dengan menggunakan
subjek penelitian yang baru (archerfish yang belum terlatih), dapat disimpulkan bahwa
archerfish masih tetap bisa mengenali wajah orang.

9. What is the researcher’s attitude toward his study?

A. Empathy
B. Pessimistic
C. Optimistic
D. Concerned
E. Informative
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Nada/laras yang ingin disampaikan penulis dalam wacana bersifat informative. Hal tersebut
dapat dilihat pada penuturan penulis yang takjub terhadap kemampuan archerfish dalam
mengenali wajah serta yakin bahwa binatang lain pun memiliki kemampuan yang sama.

10. The paragraph following the passage will likely contain information about ...
A. the complex spatial maps of fish surrounding that will impact their ability to identify
human face.
B. fish intelligence had led some researches to conduct more studies regard fish neocortex.
C. a hierarchy within fish species in a particular place.
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D. another abilities possesed by fish haven’t been exposed in recognizing their environment.
E. the use of facial expression in detecting fish owner.
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Soal merupakan bentuk transition paragraph yang menanyakan following paragraph. Untuk
menjawab pertanyaan ini kita bisa merujuk pada paragraf terakhir pada wacana. Diketahui
paragraf terakhir membahas tentang kemampuan ikan dalam mengenali individu. Mereka
juga memiliki kemampuan sosial yang baik. Oleh karena itu, paragraf selanjutnya
kemungkinan akan membahas tentang kemampuan dan kecerdasan lain pada ikan yang
belum diketahui sebelumnya dalam mengenali lingkungan mereka.