Rectifiers

. A rectifier circuit is the circuit that converts AC to DC

-: Types #
1- Uncontrolled " diode rectifiers "
A- Single phase half wave
B- Single phase full wave with center-tapped transformer.
C- Single phase full wave rectifiers (bridge rectifier)

2- Half controlled " diode with thyristor "

A- Single phase full wave .
B- Three phase full wave .

3- Controlled " thyristor " :- same types of uncontrolled .

1-A :- Single Phase half wave :-

Laws
1- Average value Vm
V dc = =0.318 V m
π
2- Average value 1 Vm
I dc = ×
π R
3- Load voltage V L=0.5V m
4- Load current V L 0.5 V m
I L= =
R R
5- From Factor 0.5 V m
FF= =0.5 π =1.57
Vm
π
6- Ripple Factor V ac
RF=
V dc
{ V ac =√ V L 2−V dc 2 }

7- Relation between FF and RF RF=√ FF 2−1=1.21

8- Transformer Ulitization Factor

Design diode :-
Maximum inverse voltage = V m
Average diode current :- Law number 2
Maximum diode current = V m ÷ R

1-B :- Single phase full wave with center-tapped transformer

Laws
1- Average value 2V m
V dc = =0.636V m
π
2- Average value V dc 0.636V m
I dc = =
R R
3- Load voltage Vm
V L= =0.707 V m
√2
4- Load current V L 0.707 V m
I L= =
R R
5- From Factor V L 0.707 V m
FF= = =1.11
V dc 0.636 V m
6- Ripple Factor RF=√ FF 2−1=0.482

7- Transformer
Utilization
Factor (TUF)

# Diode design :-
1- Maximum inverse voltage = 2 V m
V
2- Maximum diode current = m
R
I dc 1 V m
3- Average diode current = = ×
2 π R
1-C :- Single phase full wave rectifiers (bridge rectifier)

Laws
1- Average value 2V m
V dc = =0.636V m
π
2- Average value V dc 0.636V m
I dc = =
R R
3- Load voltage Vm
V L= =0.707 V m
√2
4- Load current V L 0.707 V m
I L= =
R R
5- From Factor V L 0.707 V m
FF= = =1.11
V dc 0.636 V m
6- Ripple Factor RF=√ FF 2−1=0.482

7- Transformer
Utilization Factor
(TUF)

# Diode design :-
1- Maximum inverse voltage = PIV =V m
V
2- Maximum diode current = m
R
I 1 V
3- Average diode current = dc = × m
2 π R
Three-Phase Star Rectifiers

Laws
1- Average value 3 √3
V dc =V m
π 2 ( )
=0.827 V m

2- Average value V dc 0.827V m

I dc = =
R R
3- Load voltage

4- Load current
V L=V m
√ 3 π √3
2π 3 4
+ ( )
=0.84 V m
V L 0.84 V m
I L= =
R R
5- rms current in
the
transformer
I s=I m
√ 1 π √3
(+
2π 3 4 )
=0.485 I m

secondary
winding
6- From Factor V L 0.84 V m
FF= = =1.016
V dc 0.827 V m
7- Ripple Factor RF=√ FF 2−1=0.18

8- Transformer
Utilization
Factor (TUF)

-: Diode design #

1- Maximum inverse voltage = √ 3 V m

V
2- Maximum diode current = m
R
 I dc 0.827V m
3- Average diode current = =
3 3R

-: Three phase bridge rectifier

Laws
1- Average value 3 √3
V dc =V m =1.654 V m
π
2- Average value V dc 1.654 V m
I dc = =
R R
3- Load voltage
V L=V m (√ 32 + 94√π3 )=1.655 V m

4- Load current V L 1.655 V m

I L= =
R R

5- rms current in
the
transformer
I s=I m
√(
2 π √3
+
π 6 4 )
=0.78 I m

secondary
winding

6- From Factor V L 1.655V m

FF= = =1.001
V dc 1.654 V m
7- Ripple Factor RF=√ FF 2−1=0.0447

8- Transformer
Utilization
Factor (TUF)
-: Diode design #

1- Maximum inverse voltage = √ 3 V m

V
2- Maximum diode current = m
R
I 0.827V m
3- Average diode current = dc =
3 3R

Three-Phase Bridge Rectifiers with highly inductive load (R-L)

Laws
1- Average value V dc 1.654 V m
I dc = =
R R
2- Load current I L =I dc

3- rms current in 2
the
transformer
I s=
√ I
3 dc

secondary
winding

-: Diode design #

1- Maximum inverse voltage = √ 3 V m

2- Maximum diode current = I dc
I
3- Average diode current = dc
3