North South University

School of
Business and
Economics

Report On
Does Parenting Plays a Vital Role In The Mental
Growth Of A Child?

Eng105.19
Submission Date: October 1, 2020

Submitted To:
Dr. Deena p. Forkan
School of Humanities and Social
Sciences
Department of English and Modern Languages

Submitted By:
TANJINA KABIR
ID: 1721364630
Acknowledgement
As children develop from infants to adolescents to adults, they go through a series of
developmental stages, including physical, intellectual, emotional and social, that are
important to all aspects of their personality. The parent's proper role is to provide
support, support and access to activities that allow the child to master key
developmental duties. A parent is the first teacher of their child and should remain
their best teacher throughout life. The parent, working as a coach, exposes a child to
age-appropriate challenges to promote growth as well as experiences that allow the
child to explore on their own and learn from interacting with their environment.

Before starting the report I would like to express my gratitude towards my honorable
course instructor Dr.Deena Forkan Miss for giving me an opportunity to achieve
knowledge on a trending issue which is "Does parenting play an important role in the
mental growth of a child?" I am highly grateful to my course instructor Dr.Deena
Forkan for giving support throughout the course. I hope the knowledge which I
gained by completing the report, will help me in my practical life.

Your obedient student,

Tanjina Kabir

Id- 1721364630
Abstract
The responsibilities of parents are of the highest significance for the growth of the
children's personality. The essential traditional parental responsibilities are: loving
and teaching children, disciplining them, maintaining the household and helping the
family financially. New responsibilities also enabled active engagement of fathers in
the treatment of children. The core point is that parents ought to be child-centered and
to strive for their children's maximum growth and development, to help them attain
adequate biological, social, psychological and emotional growth. In my research, I
tried to find the answers of the questions regarding the role of parenting developing
the mental growth of a child. It also helped me to make a decision about if Parent-
Child Relationship is one that nurtures the child's physical, behavioral and social
growth or not. The thesis statement of my research was parenting plays the most
crucial part for developing the mental growth of a child. I tried to find out if my thesis
statement was correct or not by taking a survey on various people on their opinion
about the topic. Through my research I tried to find a solution about the topic and
after analyzing the data I was able to determine if my thesis statement reflects the
opinion of the mass or not.
 Table of Content

Introduction
Area Of Research
Hypothesis
Research Methodology
Data Analysis
Findings
Conclusion
Recommendations
Introduction
Children's acquisition of cognitive and social skills required for later school
achievement can better be facilitated by a parental style known as sensitive parenting.
Responsiveness is an aspect of positive parenting that has been defined through
various hypotheses and study contexts (e.g. attachment, socio-cultural) as playing an
essential role in creating a stable base for children to grow optimally. Parenting that
offers healthy attention and high degrees of comfort and is sensitive in ways that are
contingently related to the cues of a small child ('contingent responsiveness') are the
emotional-emotional dimensions of a receptive style. These elements, together with
activities that are cognitively sensitive to the child's needs, including the availability
of rich verbal feedback and the preservation and extension of the child's interests,
provide the requisite support for several facets of child development.

Acceptance of the child's needs and reactions that are timely and dependent on what
the child signals promote learning, in part by encouraging the creation of strategies for
dealing and stress and novelty in the child's environment. Thus, these affective-
emotional activities convey the parent's involvement and support, promote self-
regulation and engagement, and critically necessary habits for successful learning to
take place. From a socio-cultural point of view, cognitively responsive behaviors (e.g.
maintaining versus redirecting interests, rich verbal input) are thought to facilitate
higher levels of learning because they provide a structure or scaffold for immature
young children 's skills, such as the development of attention and cognitive abilities.
Responsive behavior in this framework promotes joint engagement and reciprocity in
parent-child interaction and helps the child learn to play a more active and ultimately
independent role in the learning process. From a socio-cultural point of view,
cognitively responsive behaviors (e.g. maintaining versus redirecting interests, rich
verbal input) are thought to facilitate higher levels of learning because they provide a
structure or scaffold for immature young children 's skills, such as the development of
attention and cognitive abilities. Responsive behavior in this framework promotes
joint engagement and reciprocity in parent-child interaction and helps the child learn
to play a more active and ultimately independent role in the learning process.
Responsive child support to actively engage in problem-solving is often referred to as
parental scaffolding, and is also thought to be key to facilitating children's
development of self-regulation and executive skills, behaviors that ultimately enable
children to take responsibility for their well-being ("Parent-Child Relationship - Why it's
Important - Parenting NI", 2020).

Area Of Research
In my research paper, I've tried to find out some answers of question like-
 Will the rise in parent responsiveness actions result in an improvement in young
children's learning?
 Could sensitive parenting approaches work with various types of high-risk
parents?
 Does the rise in the different aspects of sensitivity explain the positive
improvements in the different aspects of cognitive and social development?
 Is there a best possible time in the child's development when responsiveness is
especially important, or is the developmental consistency sufficient for an ideal
learning process?
 Is parental responsiveness similarly effective or does it differ in effectiveness for
children with different characteristics (e.g. socio-economic status, race,
biological risk factors)?
For this I've interviewed two person whom I mentioned in my research proposal and
also did surveys among high school students and their parents. I've found out that
most of the parents aren't aware about parenting. They only care about their child's
education and future career. They don't even bother their child's mental growth. Many
parents involve their child into an unhealthy competition where they need to compete
with their friends. This creates a havoc in a child's mind. I've also researched so many
articles, blogs, journals as a source of secondary data about parenting. I've found
many interesting information there. The intervention was designed to facilitate
mothers’ use of key behaviours that provided affective-emotional support and those
that were cognitively responsive, as both types of support were expected to be
necessary to promote learning. After the infancy phase, mothers receiving the
intervention showed strong increases in all responsiveness behaviours and their
infants showed higher levels and faster growth rates in a range of skills. For
example, independent problem-solving during toy play showed greater increases for
infants whose mothers received the intervention compared to infants whose mothers
did not receive the intervention. Affective-emotional and cognitively responsive
behaviours together mediated the effect of the intervention on children’s
learning, demonstrating that the effectiveness of responsiveness can best be
understood if defined as a broad construct.

The effects of the intervention also generalized to positively influence parent and
child behaviours during a shared book reading activity, even though this activity was
not a specific focus of the intervention. The intervention worked equally well with
children who were or were not at high biological risk.

Hypothesis
This research is intended to investigate the role of the child rearing styles of parents in
the quality of life and mental health of children. The main hypothesis is that parenting
styles have a significant role to play in predicting quality of life and mental health.
The objective of my research is to find that there is a significant impact of parenting
in mental growth of a child. Many children don't have a friendly relation with their
parents. Sometimes they have to hide many problems from their parents because of
this. On the other hand, many parents don't have any headache about their child's
mental condition. Sometimes, they forcefully give their decision to their child to
follow which lead them to a disaster mental condition. I am expecting to find out
whether parenting plays a vital role in mental growth of children or not.

Research Methodology:
For my survey I had prepared 12 questions for questionnaires. All the questionnaires
were distributed through online system among random students from High schools
and also those 12 questions were given to their parents.

I have divided my data collection in following two parts:

 Primary Data: Survey, interviews.

 Secondary Data: Newspaper, magazine & Internet Websites.
Data Analysis:

Primary Source:

 In your opinion, to what level do you agree that you are

capable of dealing with your child’s emotions appropriately?

2.60%; 3%
5.30%; 5%
2.60%; 3%

50.00%; 50%

39.50%; 40%
According to my survey, I found that here 50% of people are somewhat capable
dealing with child’s emotions appropriately, 39.5% are extremely capable, 2.6% don't
know about their opinion, 2.6% are somewhat incapable, 5.3% are extremely
incapable. The graph shows that a huge number of people somewhat incapable of
dealing with their child’s emotions appropriately and this is the reason child's mental
growth isn't developing.

 How often do you fight at home in front of your child?

5.30%; 5%

28.90%; 29% 39.50%; 40%

10.50%; 11% 15.80%; 16%

According to my survey, I found that here 39.5% of people never fight at home in
front of their child, 15.8% of people very often fight, 10.50% of people sometimes
fight, 28.9% of people rarely fight, 5.3% of people always fight. The graph shows that
a huge number of people never fight at home in front of their child and this is the
reason child's mental growth is developing.

 Do you respect your child’s privacy?

 8%

92%

According to my survey, I found that here 92.1% of people respect their child's
privacy thinking they need it and 7.9% of people think that children don't need any
privacy. The graph shows that a huge number of people respect their child's privacy
and this is the reason child's mental growth is developing.

 How much time do you spend with your child in a week?

3%

16%

18%

63%

According to my survey, I found that here 63% of people spend a lot time with their
child in a week, 18% of people somewhat spend, 16% of people very little spend, 3%
of people not at all spend, 0% of people don't know his/her opinion. The graph shows
that a huge number of people spend a lot time with their child in a week and this is the
reason child's mental growth is developing.

Secondary Source:

After analyzing journals, websites, articles I’ve found that parenting styles help the
child learn innovatively, accepting failures and overcoming them, understanding
discipline, accepting feedback and the award-and-punishment concept. It governs
their response to stimuli, thus moulding their minds (2020).

Findings
Recent findings from experimental studies show that some areas of child learning are
best supported by specific responsiveness behaviors or combinations of these.
Research is now needed to further define this specificity between specific types of
responsive support and specific development objectives.

Expanding our understanding of how responsive parenting looks and works across
different family and child characteristics would add to the development of a more
well-defined model of responsive parenting. Finally, the identification of what
supports need to be put in place to assist parents in their efforts to be responsive could
improve the effectiveness of responsive parent interventions ("Parenting skills | The role
of parents in early childhood learning | Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development",
2020).

Conclusion
Responsive parenting is an important process for supporting young children's
learning, according to many descriptive studies and fewer experimental studies. There
is now support for the causal role of responsive parenting, as increased increases in
parental behaviors associated with responsive style were responsible for the impact of
several parenting interventions on higher learning outcomes for young children. Also,
recent evidence showing links between early high levels of responsive parenting and
increased volume in the brain regions responsible for stress management shows the
critical importance of this parenting practice in early development. Since both normal
and high-risk children benefited from responsiveness that provided emotional and
cognitively responsive support, the efficacy of responsiveness appears to be best
understood when defined as a broad concept. Recent evidence shows that certain
responsive behaviors may provide different types of support for children's learning,
and that support may vary depending on the child's developmental needs. There are
many new avenues of research that need to be explored and questions addressed in
recent studies that require further consideration ("Parenting skills | The role of parents in
early childhood learning | Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development", 2020).

Recommendations
The importance of responsive parenting for young children's well-being has many
practical recommendations. Decision-makers in policy and practice need to pay
particular attention to parents who are most at risk: they need to find ways to facilitate
changes in the behavior of parents, taking into account factors such as parent beliefs,
social support, mental health status, in order to maximize efficiency. The synthesis of
relevant research should guide new investments in parent programs and the
development of responsive parenting research initiatives. Developmental science is
often not well integrated into policy or program applications ("Parenting skills | The role
of parents in early childhood learning | Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development",
2020).

References
The Role of Parents in Your Child’s Growth – Leaps and Bounds Academy. (2020). Retrieved
30 September 2020, from https://leapsnboundsacademy.com/the-role-of-parents-in-childs-
growth/

(2020). Retrieved 30 September 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK402020/

Parent-Child Relationship - Why it's Important - Parenting NI. (2020). Retrieved 30 September
2020, from https://www.parentingni.org/blog/parent-child-relationship-why-its-important/

Parenting skills | The role of parents in early childhood learning | Encyclopedia on Early
Childhood Development. (2020). Retrieved 30 September 2020, from http://www.child-
encyclopedia.com/parenting-skills/according-experts/role-parents-early-childhood-learning

Appendix A
Draft of the research paper

Introduction

Children’s development of the cognitive and social skills needed for later success in
school may be best supported by a parenting style known as responsive parenting.
Responsiveness is an aspect of supportive parenting described across different
theories and research frameworks (e.g. attachment, socio-cultural) as playing an
important role in providing a strong foundation for children to develop optimally.
Parenting that provides positive affection and high levels of warmth and is responsive
in ways that are contingently linked to a young child’s signals (“contingent
responsiveness”) are the affective-emotional aspects of a responsive style.

Area Of Research

For this I've interviewed two person whom I mentioned in my research proposal and
also did surveys among high school students and their parents. I've found out that
most of the parents aren't aware about parenting. They only care about their child's
education and future career. They don't even bother their child's mental growth. Many
parents involve their child into an unhealthy competition where they need to compete
with their friends. This creates a havoc in a child's mind. I've also researched so many
articles, blogs, journals as a source of secondary data about parenting. I've found
many interesting information there. The intervention was designed to facilitate
mothers’ use of key behaviours that provided affective-emotional support and those
that were cognitively responsive, as both types of support were expected to be
necessary to promote learning.

Hypothesis

This research is intended to investigate the role of the child rearing styles of parents in
the quality of life and mental health of children. The main hypothesis is that parenting
styles have a significant role to play in predicting quality of life and mental health.
The objective of my research is to find that there is a significant impact of parenting
in mental growth of a child. Many children don't have a friendly relation with their
parents. Sometimes they have to hide many problems from their parents because of
this. On the other hand, many parents don't have any headache about their child's
mental condition. Sometimes, they forcefully give their decision to their child to
follow which lead them to a disaster mental condition. I am expecting to find out
whether parenting plays a vital role in mental growth of children over other factors or
not.

Research population included all of the high school students in various Bangladesh
cities as well as their parents who were selected using a random sampling method.
Primary and secondary data were employed for data collection. The findings show
approval of the principal hypothesis.

Research Methodology:

For my survey I had prepared 12 questions for questionnaires. All the questionnaires
were distributed through online system among random students from High schools
and also those 12 questions were given to their parents.

Data Analysis

1. According to my survey, I found that here 50% of people are somewhat

capable dealing with child’s emotions appropriately, 39.5% are extremely
capable, 2.6% don't know about their opinion, 2.6% are somewhat incapable,
5.3% are extremely incapable. The graph shows that a huge number of people
somewhat incapable of dealing with their child’s emotions appropriately and
this is the reason child's mental growth isn't developing.
2. According to my survey, I found that here 39.5% of people never fight at
home in front of their child, 15.8% of people very often fight, 10.50% of
 people sometimes fight, 28.9% of people rarely fight, 5.3% of people always
fight. The graph shows that a huge number of people never fight at home in
front of their child and this is the reason child's mental growth is developing.
3. According to my survey, I found that here 92.1% of people respect their
child's privacy thinking they need it and 7.9% of people think that children
don't need any privacy. The graph shows that a huge number of people respect
their child's privacy and this is the reason child's mental growth is developing.

Appendix B
Questionnaires

In your opinion, to what extent do you think you can help your child develop good
relationships with kids in a similar age group?

a) A lot

b) Somewhat

c) Don't know

d) A little

e) Not at all

In your opinion, to what level do you agree that you are capable of dealing with your
child’s emotions appropriately?

a) Extremely capable

b) Somewhat capable

c) Don’t know

d) Somewhat incapable

e) Extremely incapable
What level of confidence do you have in your ability to make the school meet your
child’s learning needs?

a) Not confident at all

b) Slightly confident

c) Somewhat confident

d) Quite confident

e) Extremely confident

Do you think academic work takes most of your child’s time and hence restricts them
from enjoying other activities that they enjoy?

a) Completely agree

b) Somewhat agree

c) Neutral

d) Somewhat disagree

e) Completely disagree

Do you promote your child to participate in extracurricular activities to relieve stress?

a) Yes, it'll help them to grow.

b) No, it's complete waste of time.

How much time do you spend with your child in a week?

a) A lot

b) Somewhat

c) Don't know
d) Very little

e) Not at all

How often do you fight at home in front of your child?

a) Always

b) Very often

c) Sometimes

d) Rarely

e) Never

Do you always answer your child’s questions?

a) Yes, All the time

b) Yes, only if they make sense

c) I don't know

d) No, it is annoying

e) No, he has to learn on his own

How often do you go for outings with your children?

a) Always

b) Very often

c) Sometimes

d) Rarely

e) Never

How often do you have meals together with your children?

a) Always

b) Very often

c) Sometimes

d) Rarely

e) Never

Do you respect your child’s privacy?

a) Yes, it'll help them to resect others privacy.

b) No, they don't need it.

How often does the use of technology cause arguments at home?

a) Always

b) Very often

c) Sometimes

d) Rarely

e) Never

Appendix C
Research Proposal

Introduction

In my research paper I'll propose to investing the importance role of parenting for
mental growth of children. Here I'll discuss some problems related to this issue.
Children's development of cognitive and social skills required for later school success
can best be facilitated by a parenting style known as sensitive parenting.
Responsiveness is an aspect of supportive parenting that has been defined through
various theories and research contexts (e.g. attachment, socio-cultural) as playing an
important role in providing a stable foundation for children to grow optimally.
Here I'll try to show that how parenting plays the importance role for mental growth
of a children. I plan to make my paper a reference study for every parent where they
actually see the effects, outcomes, problems regarding parenting. Hope that my work
will help readers realize the relevance of the issue and seek to grasp the depth of the
issue.

Key Research Questions

 Will the rise in parent responsiveness actions result in an improvement in young

children's learning?
 Could sensitive parenting approaches work with various types of high-risk
parents?
 Does the rise in the different aspects of sensitivity explain the positive
improvements in the different aspects of cognitive and social development?
 Is there a best possible time in the child's development when responsiveness is
especially important, or is the developmental consistency sufficient for an ideal
learning process?
 Is parental responsiveness similarly effective or does it differ in effectiveness for
children with different characteristics (e.g. socio-economic status, race,
biological risk factors)?
I 'm planning to divide the body of my paper into five parts, each addressing one of
these issues. I will also include an introduction to the role of parenting in children's
mental growth and a conclusion summarizing the findings of my study.

Hypothesis:

Parents have a significant role to play in recognizing and directing children's talents.
Mutual understanding and close relationships between parents and children are
suggested.

Methodology:

I will find and read the related literature, books and articles on stress in the workplace
in general and on parenting for children's mental growth. Since reviewing the related
topic headings in 'The impact of parenting style on academic achievement and career
path' published over the last five years, I believe I can consider the relevant details in
them.

In addition to reading published research, I intend to interview at least five, maybe

six, parents in order to obtain their first-hand perspectives on their life-based
parenting. Two people I think I will interview are a graduate student at Rajshahi
University and a doctor at Rajshahi Medical College. If time permits, I will also
interview some children to know about their upbringing.

Timetable

I expect to finish the work and reading in my library by August 15. Since then until
the 15th of September, I intend to focus on the writing of my article. I expect to
present a draft to you at the conference scheduled for September 20 and to submit a
final copy on October 1, the date you mentioned for submission.

Request for Approval:

I ask for your permission to write my paper on the value of parenting for children's
mental growth. I would like to welcome any feedback you have about my choice of
the subject, my organization of the paper on it, and my identification of research
materials and resource people.

Appendix D