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Exercise 2

The document contains 7 thermodynamics problems related to ideal gases, steam turbines, compressors, and pumps. Problem 1 involves an ideal gas undergoing a constant temperature process with work and heat transfer. Problem 2 involves a piston separating two compartments initially containing air and steam. Problem 3 involves calculating state properties for a Rankine cycle with given inlet and outlet conditions. Problem 4 involves calculating the extracted steam fraction and turbine powers for a Rankine cycle with extraction. Problem 5 involves the adiabatic expansion of steam between two insulated tanks. Problem 6 involves calculating the exit pressure and power for a compressor. Problem 7 involves calculating the power input for a pump.

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152 views

Exercise 2

The document contains 7 thermodynamics problems related to ideal gases, steam turbines, compressors, and pumps. Problem 1 involves an ideal gas undergoing a constant temperature process with work and heat transfer. Problem 2 involves a piston separating two compartments initially containing air and steam. Problem 3 involves calculating state properties for a Rankine cycle with given inlet and outlet conditions. Problem 4 involves calculating the extracted steam fraction and turbine powers for a Rankine cycle with extraction. Problem 5 involves the adiabatic expansion of steam between two insulated tanks. Problem 6 involves calculating the exit pressure and power for a compressor. Problem 7 involves calculating the power input for a pump.

Uploaded by

mehmet candan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING


ChE 204- Thermodynamics I (03)
Dr. Bahar İpek Torun 18.04.2019
EXERCISE QUESTIONS FOR MT2
Problem 1. A rigid tank contains an ideal gas at 50 °C, which is being stirred by a paddle wheel.
The paddle wheel does 200 kJ of work on the ideal gas. It is observed that the temperature of the
ideal gas remains constant during this process as a result of heat transfer between the system and
the surroundings at 25 °C. Determine the entropy change of the ideal gas and of the
surroundings.

Problem 2. An insulated cylinder is divided into two compartments A and B by a frictionless


non-conducting piston as shown in the figure below. Compartment A contains air at 100 kPa, 27
°C and B contains saturated vapor at 100 kPa. Each side has an initial volume of 0.0283 m3. Side
A is connected by a valve to a line in which air flows at 600 kPa and 300 K. If the valve is
opened slightly and closed when the pressure in compartment A reaches 600 kPa, calculate
the final temperature in each of the compartments and the mass entering A. (𝐶̃𝑝 =29 J/molK,
MWair= 29 g/mol)

Problem 3. Superheated steam leaves the boiler of a Rankine cycle at 8 MPa and 650 C and
expands adiabatically in a turbine to 10 kPa. If the turbine has an isoentropic efficiency of 0.90,
calculate the pressures, temperatures, specific enthalpy and entropy values of the table below and
calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
State T (°C) P (kPa) ̂ (kJ/kg)
𝐻 𝑆̂ (kJ/kg/K)
1
2
3
4

An adiabatic turbine is operating with an ideal gas working fluid of fixed inlet temperature and
pressure (T1, P1) and a fixed exit pressure, P2.

a) Show that the minimum outlet temperature, T2, occurs when the turbine operates
reversibly.
b) Show that the maximum work can be obtained when Sgen=0.

Problem 4. Steam flowing at a mass flow rate of 2 kg /s enters an adiabatic and reversible high-
pressure (HP) turbine at 8 MPa and 520 ◦C (State 1) and expands to a pressure of 800 kPa (State
2). A fraction of the steam (y) is extracted at State 2 and the remaining steam (1 − y) expands in
an adiabatic and reversible low-pressure (LP) turbine to 100 kPa (State 3). The remaining steam
passes through a constant-pressure condenser and exits as saturated liquid at 100 kPa (State 4).
An adiabatic and reversible pump increases its pressure to 800 kPa (State 5). Liquid leaving the
pump at State 5 is mixed with the steam fraction (y) extracted at State 2 in a rigid, insulated
mixing tank. Steam exits the mixing tank as saturated liquid at 800 kPa (State 6).

a) Determine the fraction of steam (y) extracted at State 2.


b) Calculate the total power (in kW) of the HP- and LP-turbines.
c) Calculate the rate of entropy generation for the mixing tank.
Problem 5. An insulated rigid tank A of 0.5 m3 volume is connected to another rigid tank B of
0.25 m3 volume. Initially, while tank A contains steam at 2 MPa and 600 °C, tank B contains
steam at 100 kPa and 200 °C. The valve between the tanks is opened and steam flows from A to
B until the temperature in the tank A reaches 400 °C, at which point the valve is closed. The
cooling coils placed in tank B keep the temperature of tank B’s contents constant at 200 °C
throughout the process.
Calculate the final pressures of tanks A and B (Hint: Assume that the steam remaining in tank A
undergoes an adiabatic and reversible expansion)
Problem 6. Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa and 17 C at a rate of 2 m3/s, and
exits at 257 C. The compressor has an adiabatic efficiency of 84%. Neglecting the changes in
kinetic and potential energies, determine a) the exit pressure of air, b) the power required to drive
the compressor.

Problem 7. Water enters the pump of steam power plant as saturated liquid at 20 kPa at a rate of
50 kg/s and exits at 8 MPa. Neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energies and
assuming the process to be reversible, determine the power input to the pump.

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