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    2.5-History of Early Childhood Education

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    Anum Iqbal
    Early childhood education can be traced back to Martin Luther in the 1500s who believed that universal education strengthened families and communities. Major influences included John Amos Comenius who created the first picture book for children, Friedrich Froebel who founded kindergarten and believed in learning through play, and Maria Montessori whose method focused on educating children's senses first. Over time, theorists like Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey, Erikson, Malaguzzi, and Weikart further developed philosophies around how children learn through their interactions with peers and environments. While the specific approaches differ, most early childhood education theorists share the common goal of supporting children's healthy development.

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    2.5-History of Early Childhood Education

    Uploaded by

    Anum Iqbal
    156 views4 pages
    Early childhood education can be traced back to Martin Luther in the 1500s who believed that universal education strengthened families and communities. Major influences included John Amos Comenius who created the first picture book for children, Friedrich Froebel who founded kindergarten and believed in learning through play, and Maria Montessori whose method focused on educating children's senses first. Over time, theorists like Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey, Erikson, Malaguzzi, and Weikart further developed philosophies around how children learn through their interactions with peers and environments. While the specific approaches differ, most early childhood education theorists share the common goal of supporting children's healthy development.

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    History of early childhood education

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    Early childhood education can be traced back to Martin Luther in the 1500s who believed that universal education strengthened families and communities. Major influences included John Amos Comenius who created the first picture book for children, Friedrich Froebel who founded kindergarten and believed in learning through play, and Maria Montessori whose method focused on educating children's senses first. Over time, theorists like Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey, Erikson, Malaguzzi, and Weikart further developed philosophies around how children learn through their interactions with peers and environments. While the specific approaches differ, most early childhood education theorists share the common goal of supporting children's healthy development.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    156 views4 pages

    2.5-History of Early Childhood Education

    Uploaded by

    Anum Iqbal
    Early childhood education can be traced back to Martin Luther in the 1500s who believed that universal education strengthened families and communities. Major influences included John Amos Comenius who created the first picture book for children, Friedrich Froebel who founded kindergarten and believed in learning through play, and Maria Montessori whose method focused on educating children's senses first. Over time, theorists like Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey, Erikson, Malaguzzi, and Weikart further developed philosophies around how children learn through their interactions with peers and environments. While the specific approaches differ, most early childhood education theorists share the common goal of supporting children's healthy development.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    2.

    5 `HISTORY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

    Early childhood education goes as far back as the 1500s. Now we explore the origin of

    early childhood education and the many influences that make the field what it is today. Once

    we’ve gotten a grasp of the history of ECE, we will look at the different curricula available to

    parents today and assess the differences in approaches when applied to programming.

    A History of Early Childhood Education

    Martin Luther

    The roots of early childhood education go as far back as the early 1500s, where the concept of

    educating children was attributed to Martin Luther (1483-1546). Back then, very few people

    knew how to read and many were illiterate. Martin Luther believed that education should be

    universal and made it a point to emphasize that education strengthened the family as well as the

    community. Luther believed that children should be educated to read independently so that they

    could have access to the Bible. This meant that teaching children how to read at an early age

    would be a strong benefit to society.

    John Amos Comenius

    Building on this idea, the next individual who contributed to the early beginnings of early

    childhood education was John Amos Comenius (1592- 1670), who strongly believed that

    learning for children is rooted in sensory exploration. Comenius wrote the first children’s picture

    book to promote literacy.


    John Locke

    Then there was John Locke (1632- 1704), who penned famous term of “blank slate”, also known

    as tabula rasa, which postulated that it is how children start out and the environment fills their

    metaphorical “slate”.

    Friedrich Froebel

    A major influencer was Friedrich Froebel (1782 – 1852), who believed that children learn

    through play. He designed teacher training where he emphasized the importance of observation

    and developing programs and activities based on the child’s skill level and readiness. Froebel

    formalized the early childhood setting as well as founded the first kindergarten.

    Maria Montessori

    Further building from this concept, Maria Montessori (1870-1952) viewed the children as a

    source of knowledge and the educator as a social engineer. Reviewed education as a means to

    enhance children’s lives meaning the learning environment is just as important as learning itself.

    She took the position that children’s senses should be educated first and then the children’s

    intellect. The Montessori Method is an internationally recognized mode of educating children.

    Jean Piaget

    Jean Piaget (1896-1980) established a theory of learning where children’s development are

    broken down into a series of stages (sensory motor, preoperational, concrete operation). Piaget

    theorized that children learn through direct and active interaction with the environment.
    Lev Vygotsky

    Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) proposed a socio-cultural position for the development of children.

    He believed that social interaction provides a medium for cognitive, social and linguistic

    development in children. Vygotsky believed that children learn through scaffolding their skills;

    this meant a more capable member of the community/society would assist the child in

    completing tasks that were within or just above the child’s capability, which is also known as

    zone of proximal development. Vygotsky emphasized collaboration and the implementation of a

    mixed age groupings of children to support knowledge/skill acquisition.

    John Dewey

    John Dewey (1859-1952) strongly believed that learning should originate from the interests of

    children, which is foundational to the projects approach. The educator is there to promote their

    interests for discovery and inquiry. Dewey saw the classroom as a place to foster social

    consciousness and thus the classroom should be democratically run.

    Rudolf Steiner

    Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925), the creator of what is now known as the Waldorf education

    philosophy and schools, focused on developing free and morally responsible individuals with a

    high level of social competence. Steiner broke this down into three developmental stages;

    Preschool to age 6 (experiential education), Age 6-14 (formal education) and ages 14+

    (conceptual/academic education).
    Erik Erikson

    Erik Erikson (1902-1994) developed psychosocial stages of development for children where the

    parent and educator play a pivotal role in supporting the child’s success in every stage for a

    positive outcome. Erikson stressed that the ordinance of social emotional development is a key

    component to the early childhood curriculum.

    Loris Malaguzzi

    Loris Malaguzzi (1920-1994), the founder of the Reggio Emilia approach, based on the original

    childcare centre opened in the town of Reggio Emilia, was a strong believer in documenting the

    children’s learning and interests which the educators would base their programming around on

    for the following days.

    David Weikart

    David Weikart (1931-2003) the founder of HighScope, which drew from the theories of Piaget,

    Dewey and Vygotsky, primarily focused on the child’s intellectual maturation. The landmark

    study that earned HighScope validity was the Perry Preschool Project in 1962. A randomized

    controlled study of 123 children of similar skill level entering the study, split into two groups,

    one receiving HighScope instruction while the control group did not receive it, but continued the

    traditional process. Results indicated an increase in academic success, academic adherence and

    an increase in wages.

    In general, the theorists for early education all would like to see the achievement of a common

    goal—to see the successful development of children in their primary years. How that goal is

    achieved differs in the structure of each curriculum.

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