Litterature Review

Leigha Treat
William Skelly
English
22 February 2021
Literature Review
PTSD or post traumatic stress disorder is a complex disorder that develops
following exposure to one or more traumatic events. Most experience distress
immediately after the event has taken place. When there is PTSD you are constantly
reminded of your traumatic experience,haunted by it and sometimes can not move on
with daily life without the paranoia that the traumatic experience is going to happen
again. But just how accurate is the diagnosis of PTSD. Is it all in your head and you are
just worried?
There has been a history of PTSD since the first notice of it back in 1666. A
young man in London was in The Great Fire of London. He explained his experience as
not being able to sleep or stay awake without the fear of fire consuming him. His
symptoms continued for months and caused the man to go into a deep despair and
anger state of mind.
During my research I found an article about whether PTSD is biological, rather
then just caused by a traumatic event. It says, “ there is considerable evidence for a
positive publication bios among GXE studies that highlight the need for GXE
replications studies that use similar methodology.” This is showing that there is more
than just a traumatic event involved. That some people can go through the same event
but not have the trauma from it because it is in their genetics.

During my research I had also found some information that can answer my
question. It says “ the US department of veterans affairs produces quarterly reports that
count the number of Iraq and afghanistan veterans with international classification of
disease”. So every year, 4 times a year they calculate who all has gained PTSD. as well
in that stricle it also stated that only 89.6 Percent of those people are actually checked
by a mental health provider. This proves that some of the Diagnoses are not correct and
or they are just listening to what is being said and they are documenting it without proof.
This tells me that not all who are under the status of PTSD may not be the actual truth
that they have PTSD.
In a passage called “ A systematic approach to the detection of false PTSD” it
talks about how the emotions in a dream with PTSD could be the same emotions felt
during the trauma. Say if you were getting shot at, the confusion, anger, self hate and
hate for others may come when you are having a flashback to the event. You not only
remember it but you feel it all over again. But it also states how there can be a false
PTSD test. It specifically says “ The most accepted way to confirm volitionally produced
is to compare the patient's subjective report with outside evidence” (Matto, Mikel)( A
systematic approach).
There are many people that have different approaches to PTSD. Some say it is
not a real thing but have no proof as to why they say this.”I am skeptical about the
existence of the diagnosis as a disease entity, because it sounds like a normal, or at
least unremarkable, reaction to me. Intense reactions to intense things in life is not
pathological. It's how life shapes us, twists us, and eventually wears us down and
ultimately kills us. Who said "Reality is for people who can't handle drugs"?”. ( Maggie's
Farm) ( Overdiagnosis of PTSD)This woman has no proof as to why she is saying this
and she has not experienced the extent of PTSD and how bad it can get. It's an
abnormality and an out of life like experience when it is experienced it is a true case.
Many people have different beliefs on whether or not the accuracy of PTSD is
true or not. These passages and information that was found shows how severe it can
be. It also shows there are cases where it could be false based on the data but it is very
rare. PTSD is a mental diagnosis of the brain's awareness and surroundings that affects
the feelings and how things are perceived.

Work cited:
Liu, Yutao, et al. “An Examination of the Association between 5-HTTLPR, Combat Exposure,
and PTSD Diagnosis among U.S. Veterans.” PLoS ONE, vol. 10, no. 3, Mar. 2015, pp.
1–10. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119998.
McCarron, Kelly K., et al. “PTSD Diagnoses Among Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans:
Comparison of Administrative Data to Chart Review.” Journal of Traumatic Stress, vol.
27, no. 5, Oct. 2014, pp. 626–629. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1002/jts.21961.
“Ptsd Diagnosis ‘A Joke.’” Daily Mail, 3 Nov. 2018, p. 26. EBSCOhost,
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nfh&AN=132787381&site=ehost-live.
“Differential Diagnosis of PTSD Symptoms.” Psych Central, 17 May 2016,
psychcentral.com/lib/differential-diagnosis-of-ptsd-symptoms#1. Accessed 8 Mar. 2021.
Matto, Mikel, et al. “A Systematic Approach to the Detection of False PTSD.” Journal of the
American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 10 June 2019,
jaapl.org/content/early/2019/06/10/JAAPL.003853-19, 10.29158/JAAPL.003853-19.
Bufka, Lynn F, et al. Casebook to the APA Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of
PTSD. Washington, Dc, American Psychological Association, 2020.

Foa, Edna B., et al. “Psychometrics of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale for DSM-5 for
Trauma-Exposed Children and Adolescents.” Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent
Psychology, vol. 47, no. 1, Jan. 2018, pp. 38–46. EBSCOhost,
doi:10.1080/15374416.2017.1350962.
Dobbs, David. "The PTSD Trap: Our Overdiagnosis of PTSD in Vets Is Enough to Make You
Sick." Mental Illness, edited by Noah Berlatsky, Greenhaven Press, 2016. Opposing
Viewpoints. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints,
link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ3010154292/OVIC?u=dayt30401&sid=OVIC&xid=bc774b43.
Accessed 7 Mar. 2021. Originally published in Wired.com, 22 Mar. 2012.
Stevens, Natalie R., et al. "Exposure therapy for PTSD during pregnancy: a feasibility,
acceptability, and case series study of Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET)." BMC
Psychology, vol. 8, no. 1, 2020. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints,
link.gale.com/apps/doc/A650612426/OVIC?u=dayt30401&sid=OVIC&xid=ff2ee54a.
Accessed 7 Mar. 2021.

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Leigha Treat

PTSD or post traumatic stress disorder is a complex disorder that develops

following exposure to one or more traumatic events. Most experience distress

reminded of your traumatic experience,haunted by it and sometimes can not move on

anger state of mind.

During my research I found an article about whether PTSD is biological, rather

but not have the trauma from it because it is in their genetics.

that they have PTSD.

In a passage called “ A systematic approach to the detection of false PTSD” it

existence of the diagnosis as a disease entity, because it sounds like a normal, or at

the feelings and how things are perceived.

1–10. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119998.

Comparison of Administrative Data to Chart Review.” Journal of Traumatic Stress, vol.

27, no. 5, Oct. 2014, pp. 626–629. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1002/jts.21961.

“Ptsd Diagnosis ‘A Joke.’” Daily Mail, 3 Nov. 2018, p. 26. EBSCOhost,

“Differential Diagnosis of PTSD Symptoms.” Psych Central, 17 May 2016,

psychcentral.com/lib/differential-diagnosis-of-ptsd-symptoms#1. Accessed 8 Mar. 2021.

American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 10 June 2019,

PTSD. Washington, Dc, American Psychological Association, 2020.

Trauma-Exposed Children and Adolescents.” Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent

Psychology, vol. 47, no. 1, Jan. 2018, pp. 38–46. EBSCOhost,

Viewpoints. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints,

Accessed 7 Mar. 2021. Originally published in Wired.com, 22 Mar. 2012.

Psychology, vol. 8, no. 1, 2020. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints,

Accessed 7 Mar. 2021.

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