Business Math: Mathematical Operation in Decimals

BUSINESS MATH
Mathematical Operation in Decimals
Addition of Decimals
RULE: To add decimals, write one number below the other so that the bottom decimal point is
directly below the top decimal point. Add each column starting from right to left.
Word Problem:
Teresa went to shop materials for her scrapbook. She got the scrapbook for ₱220.25, ball point pen at
₱16.75, and scrapbook decors at ₱90.50. How much did she pay for the materials?
220.25
+ 16.75
90.50
₱327.50
Subtraction of Decimals
RULE: Write the number to be subtracted below the other number (large number). Just like in
addition, keep the decimal point in line. It is advised that the decimals have the same number
of decimal places. If not, add zeros to the fewer decimal places.
Word Problem
Richard runs on some mornings before he goes to work. Below is a table of the number of
kilometers he ran during the week. His goal for the week is to cover 10 kilometers. Did Richard
meet his running goal for the week? How many more kilometers does Richard must cover to
meet his running goal?
MONDAY WEDNESDAY FRIDAY SUNDAY
NUMBER OF 1.5 2.471 4.95 0.73

KILOMETERS
Running Goal: 10 KM
1.500
2.471
Therefore:
+ 4.950
10.000
0.730
- 9.651
9.651 = 0.349 KM remaining
Multiplication of Decimals
RULE: Perform the usual multiplication. Temporarily disregard the decimal point. When the
product is obtained, count the decimal places of both factors. Then, move the decimal point to
the left by the number of the total decimal places of the factors.
Word Problem
The length of the food stall is 5.63m and its width is 3.7 m. Find the are of the food stall.
Division of Decimals
RULE: The procedure for division of decimals is similar to the usual division of whole numbers.
Move the decimal point of the divisor to the right end. Move the decimal point of the dividend
with the same number. Proceed with usual division but put the decimal point in the quotient
exactly above where it occurs in the dividend.
Word Problem:
Julia made ribbons for her school’s Foundation Day presentation. Her roll of ribbon is 35 meters
long. For each individual ribbon, she needs 0.235 meters. How many ribbons could she make
from her roll
Therefore, Julia can make 148 individual ribbons.
Joel helps his mother in the market after his classes. If he works for a total of 12.25 hours in the
market for five days, what is the average number of his working hours in a day?
Ratio
• Ration is comparison of two numbers by division,
Word Problem:
For every 1 green marble there is 4 blue marble. If there is a total of 10 marble , what is the
quantity of green marble and blue marble?
Therefore: 1 green Marble / 5 Marble = 1/5

4 blue Marble / 5 Marble = 4/5
Hence: 10 x 1/5 = 2 Green Marble
10 x 4/5 = 8 Blue Marble
10 Total Marble
Continued ratio
Is a comparison if three or more quantities.
Word Problem:
A store has three flavors of ice cream: four strawberry, six mango, and eleven chocolate ice
creams.
Express the Ice Creams in terms of ratio:
Answer:
4 Strawberry
6 Mango
11 Chocolate
The ratio of ice cream flavors is 4:6:11.
Word Problem:
To run a coﬀee shop, three businessmen, Daryl, Dave, and Dean decided to invest ₱1,800,000.
The ratio for their investment is 5:2:3 respectively, how much is investment of each person
RATE
A rate is a comparison of quantities having different units expressed in simplest form.
• To make lemonade, Dianne bought a lemon squash that is to be mixed with water. She
plans to mix each lemon squash with 250 mL of water. Express this as rate.
• The “ratio” and “rate” explain the equivalence of one measurement or quantity from the
other. We say, the rate of 1 lemon squash in 250 mL of water can be expressed as
• 1 Lemon : 250 ml of liter.
Solve the following:
1. A group of parents decided to build a learning center for the children using 100 kilos
of blocks. On the first day, they used 21.66 kilos of blocks. On the second day, 34.57
kilos were used. How many kilos of blocks were left on the third day?
2. Mr. Romel Marquez sells pension plans. His commission for the first six months of
the year are: ₱22,789.20, ₱15,221.10, ₱23,111.15, ₱18,921.24, ₱17,231.21, and
₱34,657.92. How much was his total earnings for the six-month period?
3. A store owner has 7.11 lbs. of candy. If she puts the candy into 9 jars, how
much candy will each jar contain?
4. A diet permits a daily intake of 0.922 liter of liquid a day. Ideally, 0.375 liter and
0.221 liter of liquid are used for two meals. Determine the remaining amount of liquid
that may be taken during the day.
5. Jimmy was assigned to collect funds for the upcoming science fair. If there are 40
persons and he collected ₱58.50 from each, how much did he collect?
6. If Daryl read 15 books every 4 months, how many book he can read within 24 month?
7. Ingram has three sizes of shirt with a ratio of 5 small, 25 medium and 15 large. In a
totality of 400 shirts, how many are medium sizes?
8. Marco participated in a marathon. he ran 3 km in two hours. What would be the ratio of the
distance to the time he spent in running?
9. a truck delivered 18 boxes of grapes with seed and 22 boxes of seedless grapes. What is the
ratio of the box of seedless grapes to the box of grapes with seed?
10. For every 3 green mango there is 24 ripe mango. If there is a total of 330 mango,
what is the quantity of green mango and yellow mango?

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BUSINESS MATH

Mathematical Operation in Decimals

MONDAY WEDNESDAY FRIDAY SUNDAY

NUMBER OF 1.5 2.471 4.95 0.73

Therefore, Julia can make 148 individual ribbons.

Therefore: 1 green Marble / 5 Marble = 1/5

The ratio of ice cream flavors is 4:6:11.

A rate is a comparison of quantities having different units expressed in simplest form.

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