Empowerment Technology

BLOG

Empowerment Technologies
LESSONS 1-14

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION
TO ICT

ICT– Information and Communication-

 It deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile
phones, telephone, Internet to locate, save, send and edit information
  Is a study of computers as data processing tools. It introduces students to the
fundamental of using computer systems in an internet environment.

ICT in the Philippines

            Philippines is dub as the ‘’ICT Hub of Asia” because of huge growth of
ICT-related jobs, one of which is BPO, Business Process Outsourcing, or call centers.
          ICT Department in the Philippines is responsible for the planning,
development and promotion of the country’s information and communications technology
(ICT) agenda in support of national development.
 Computer– an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary
form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.
Internet– is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the
internet protocol  suite (TCIP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwide.
          Means of connecting a computer to any other computer anywhere in the
world via dedicated routers and servers.
      Sometimes called simply ‘’the Net’’, is a worldwide system of computer
networks- a network of networks in which the users at any   one computer can get
information from any other computer.

World Wide Web

          An information system on the internet that allows documents to be
connected to other documents by hypertext links, enabling the user to search for
information by moving from one document to another.
          Is an information space where documents and other web resources are
identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet.
          Invented by Tim-Berners Lee

Web Pages
 Web page is a hypertext document connected to the World Wide Web.   It is a
document that is   suitable for the World Wide Web.
The different online platforms of World Wide Web:
1. Web 1.0 – refers to the first stage in the World Wide Web, which was entirely
made up of the Web pages connected by hyperlinks.
2. Web 2.0 – is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic pages. The user is
able to see a website differently than others.
  – Allows users to interact with the page; instead of just reading the page, the user
may be able to comment or create user account.

3. Web 3.0 –  this platform is all about semantic web.

   –  Aims to have machines (or servers) understand the user’s preferences to be able        
to deliver web content.

Static Web Page- is known as a flat page or stationary age in the sense that the page
is ‘’as is’’ and cannot be manipulated by the user. The content is also the same for all
users that is referred to as Web 1.0

Dynamic Web Pages– web 2.0 is the evolution of web 1.0 by adding dynamic web
pages. The user is able to see website differently than others e.g. social networking
sites, wikis, video sharing sites.
FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
1. Folksonomy- allows user to categorize and classify information using freely
chosen keywords e.g. tagging by FB, Twitter, use tags that start with the sign #, referred to
as hashtag.
2. Rich User Experience – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input
3. User Participation- The owner of the website is not the only one who is able to
put content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of comments,
reviews and evaluation e.g. Lazada, Amazon.
4. Long Tail– services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time
purchase. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the
amount of time you spent in the internet.
5. Software as a services- users will be subscribe to a software only when needed
rather than purchasing them e.g. Google docs used to create and edit word processing and
spread sheet.
6. Mass Participation– diverse information sharing through universal web
access. Web 2.0’s content is based on people from various cultures.
 TRENDS IN ICT

1. Convergence– is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a

similar goal or task. For example, besides using your personal computer to create word
documents, you can now use your smartphone.

2. Social Media– is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users web
users to create , co-create, discuss modify, and exchange user generated content.
Six types of Social Media:
a)Social Networks – These are sites that allows you to connect with other people with
the same interests or background. Once the user creates his/her account, he/she can set
up a profile, add people, share content, etc
Example: Facebook and Google+
b)Bookmarking Sites – Sites that allow you to store and manage links to various
website and resources. Most of the sites allow you to create a tag to others.
Stumble Upon, Pinterest

c)       Social News – Sites that allow users to post their own news items or links to
other news sources. The users can also comment on the post and comments may also
be rank.
Ex. Reddit and Digg
d)      Media Sharing – sites that allow you to upload and share media content like
images, music and  video.
Ex. Flickr, YouTube and Instagram

e) Microblogging – focus on short updates from the user. Those that subscribed to the
user will be able to receive these updates.
Ex. Twitter and Plurk
 f) Blogs and Forums – allow user to post their content. Other               users are able
to comment on the said topic.
Ex. Blogger, WordPress and Tumblr

                          
3. Mobile Technologies– The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a
major rise over the years. This is largely because of the devices capability to do the tasks
that were originally found in PCs. Several of these devices are capable of using a high-
speed internet. Today the latest model devices use 4G Networking (LTE), which is
 currently the fastest.

MOBILE OS
 iOS – use in apple devices such as iPhone and iPad
 Android – an open source OS developed by Google. Being open source means
mobile phone companies use this OS for free.
 Blackberry OS – use in blackberry devices
 Windows phone OS – A closed source and proprietary operating system
developed by Microsoft.
 Symbian – the original smartphone OS. Used by Nokia devices
 WebOS- originally used in smartphone; now in smart TVs.
 Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs
4. Assistive Media–   is a non- profit service designed to help people who have
visual and reading impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.

5.  e.g. Yahoo!, Gmail, HotmailCloud computing-distributed computing on

internet or delivery of computing service over the internet.

  

-Instead of running an e-mail program on your computer, you log in to a Web

 e-mail account remotely. The software and storage for your account doesn’t exist

 on your computer – it’s on the service’s computer cloud.

It has three components

1. Client computers   –   clients are the device that the end user interact with
cloud.
2. Distributed Servers – Often servers are in geographically different places, but
server acts as if they are working next to each other.
3. Datacenters – It is collection of servers where application is placed and is
accessed via Internet.

TYPES OF CLOUDS
PUBLIC CLOUD allows systems and services to be easily accessible to the general
public. Public cloud may be less secured because of its openness, e.g. e-mail
PRIVATE CLOUD allows systems and services to be accessible within an
organization. It offers increased security because of its private nature.
COMMUNITY CLOUD allows systems and services to be accessible by group of
organizations.
HYBRID CLOUD is a mixture of public and private cloud. However, the critical
activities are performed using private cloud while the non-critical activities are
performed using public cloud.

LESSON 2: ONLINE
SAFETY, SECURITY AND
RULES OF NETIQUETTE
 INTERNET SAFETY- it refers to the online security or safety of people and their
information when using internet.
NETIQUETTE- is network etiquette, the do’s and don’ts of online communication.

TEN RULES OF NETIQUETTE

Rule No. 1: Remember the human

          You need to remember that you are talking to a real person when you are
online.
          The internet brings people together who would otherwise never meet.
          Remember this saying when sending an email: Would I say this to the
person’s face.
Rule No. 2: Adhere to the same standards online that you follow in real life.
       You need to behave the same way online that you do in real life.
       You need to remember that you can get caught doing things you should not
be doing       online just like you can in real life.
         You are still talking to a real person with feelings even though you can’t
see them.
Rule no. 3: Know where you are in cyberspace.

          Always take a look around when you enter a new domain when surfing
the web.
          Get a sense of what the discussion group is about before you join it.
Rule no. 4: Respect other people’s time and bandwidth.

          Remember people have other things to do besides read your email. You
are not the center of their world.
          Keep your post and emails to minimum by saying what you want to say.
          Remember everyone won’t answer your questions.
Rule no. 5: Make yourself look good online.

          Be polite and pleasant to everyone.

          Always check your spelling and grammar before posting.
 ·        Know what you are talking about and make sense saying it.
Rule no. 6: Share expert knowledge

         Ask questions online

         Share what you know online.
         Post the answers to your questions online because someone may have the
same question         you do.
Rule no. 7: Help keep flame wars under control

         Netiquette does not forgive flaming.

         Netiquette does however forbid people who are flaming to hurt discussion
groups by putting the group down.
Rule no. 8: Respect other people’s privacy.

          Do not read other people’s mail without their permission.

          Going through other people’s things could cost you, your job or you
could even go to jail.
          Not respecting other people’s privacy is a bad netiquette.
Rule no. 9: Don’t abuse your power.
          Do not take advantage of other people just because you have more
knowledge or power than them.
          Treat others as you would want them to treat you if the roles were
reversed.
Rule no. 10: Be forgiving of other people’s mistake.

          Do not point out mistakes to people online.

          Remember that you were once the new kid on the block.
          You still need to have a good manners even though you are online and
cannot see the          person face to face.
  Internet security
  Security Requirement Triad
                  

ConfidentIality                         
          Data confidentiality
Privacy
                Integrity
         Data integerity                                                        System integrity
                Availability

Threat Consequence Threat Action ( Attack)

Unauthorized Disclosure Exposure: Sensitive data are directly released
A circumstance or event whereby to an unauthorized entity.
an entity gains access to data for Interception: An unauthorized entity directly
which the entity is not authorized. accesses sensitive data traveling between
authorized sources and destinations.
Inference: A threat action whereby an
unauthorized entity indirectly accesses
sensitive data by reasoning from
 characteristics or byproducts of
communications.
Intrusion: an unauthorized entity gains
access to sensitive data by circumventing a
system’s security protections.
Incapacitation: prevents or interrupts system
operation by disabling a system component.
Corruption: Undesirably alters system
operation by adversely modifying system
Disruption functions or data.
A circumstances or even that Obstruction: A threat action that interrupts
interrupts or prevents the correct delivery of system services by hindering
operation of system services and system operation.
functions. Masquerade: An unauthorized entity gains
access to a system or performs a malicious act
Deception by posing as an authorized entity.
A circumstance or event that may Falsification: False data deceive an
result in an authorized entity authorized entity.
receiving false data and believing Repudiation: An entity deceives another by
it to be true. falsely denying responsibility for an act.
Usurpation
A circumstances or event that
results in control of system Misappropriation: An entity assumes
services or functions by an unauthorized logical or physical control of a
unauthorized entity. system resource.
Misuse: Causes a system component to perform a function or service that is
detrimental to system security.
Types of System Intruders
          Masquerader
          Hackers
          Clandestine user
  Parts of Virus 
  Infection mechanism
  Trigger
   PayloaD
Virus stages
    Dormant phase                                                                                                                          
Virus is idle.
       Propagation  phase                                                                                                                
Virus places an identical copy of itself into other programs or into certain system areas on
t        the disk.
    Triggering phase                                                                                                                      
Virus is activated to perform the function for which it was intended.                                            
Caused by a variety of system events
        Execution phase                                                                                                                    
Function is performed
Key Terms
Cyber crime- a crime committed or assisted through the use of the Internet.
Privacy Policy/Terms of Services (ToS) – tells the user how the website will handle
its data.
Malware- stands for malicious software.
Virus- a malicious program designed to transfer from one computer to another in any
means possible.
Worms– a malicious program designed to replicate itself and transfer from one file
folder to another and also transfer to other computers.
Trojan-a malicious program designed that is disguised as a useful program but once
downloaded or installed, leaves your PC unprotected and allows hacker to get your
information.
 Spyware– a program that runs in the background without you knowing it. It has the
ability to monitor what you are currently doing and typing through key logging.
Adware- a program designed to send you advertisement, mostly pop-ups.
Spam– unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers.
Phishing- acquires sensitive personal information like passwords and credits card
details.
Pharming- a more complicated way of phishing where it exploits the DNS system.
Copyright- a part of law, wherein you have the rights to work, anyone who uses it
w/o your consent is punishable by law.
Fair Use- means that an intellectual property may be used w/o consent as long as it is
used in commentaries, criticism, parodies, research and etc.
Keyloggers- used to record the keystrokes done by user. This is done to steal
passwords or any other sensitive information.
Rogue security softwares– is a form of malicious software and internet fraud that
misleads users into believing there is a virus on their computer, and manipulates them
into paying money for a fake malware removal tool.
Four search strategies
     Keyword searching
Enter terms to search

Use quotation marks to search as a phrase and keep the words linked together

Common words are ignored (That, to, which, a, the …)

+ and – can be used to include or exclude a word

     Boolean
AND – enter words connect with AND- it will include sites where both words and
found
   Uses: joining different topics (i.e. global warming AND California)

OR   –  requires at least one of the terms is found.

   Uses: join similar or synonymous topics (i.e. global warming OR greenhouse effect)

NOT – searches for the first term and excludes sites that have the second term.
(i.e. Washington NOT school)

 Question                                                                                                                                   
 a question may be entered in the search field of search engine    
         Advanced                                                                                                                         
Features are offered on many engines by going to an “Advanced search” page and
making selections. Effective in narrowing search returns to a specific topic or phrase.

LESSON 3: Advanced Word

Processing Skills
Lesson Discussion
In the professional world, sending out information to convey important information is
vital. Because of ICT, things are now sent much faster than the traditional newsletters
or postal mail. You can now send much faster than the traditional newsletters or postal
mail. You can now use the Internet to send out information you need to share. What if
we could still do things much faster – an automated way of creating and sending
uniform letters with different recipients? Would that not be more convenient?

I. Mail Merge and Label Generation

A. Mail Merge
          One of the important reasons in using computers per se is its ability to do
recurring tasks automatically. But this ability has to be honed by learning the
characteristics and features of the software you use with your computer. After all, no
matter how good or advance your computer and software may be, it can only be as
good as the person using it.

          In this particular part of our lesson, we will learn one of the most powerful and
commonly used features of Microsoft Word called Mail Merge. As the name suggests,
this feature allows you to create documents and combine or merge them with another
document or data file. It is commonly used when sending out advertising materials to
various recipients.

           The simplest solution for the scenario above is to create a document and just
copy and paste it several times then just replace the details depending on whom you
send it to. But what if you have hundreds or thousands of recipients? Would not that
take too many hours? What if you have a small database of information where you
can automatically generate those letters?
Two Components of Mail Merge
1. Form Document
          The first component of our mail merged document is the form document. It is
generally the document that contains the main body of the message we want to convey
or send. The main body of the message is the part of the form document that remains
the same no matter whom you send it to from among your list.

           Also included in the form document is what we call place holders, also referred
to as data fields or merge fields. This marks the position on your form document
where individual data or information will be inserted. From our sample document, the
place holders are denoted or marked by the text with double-headed arrows (<< >>)
on each side and with a gray background. On a printed standard form, this will be the
underlined spaces that you will see and use as a guide to where you need to write the
information that you need to fill out. In its simplest form, a form document is literally
a “form” that you fill out with individual information. A common example of a form
document is your regular tax form or application form.

2. List or Data File

           The second component of our mail merged document is the list or data file.
This is where the individual information or data that needs to be plugged in (merged)
to the form document is placed and maintained. One of the best things about the mail
merge feature is that it allows data file to be created fro within the Microsoft Word
application itself, or it gets data from a file created in Microsoft Excel or other data
formats. In this way, fields that needed to be filled up on the form document can
easily be maintained without accidentally altering the form or main document. You
can also easily add, remove, modify, or extract your data more efficiently by using
other data management applications like Excel or Access and import them in Word
during the mail merge process.
B. Label Generation
            Included in the mail merge feature on Microsoft Word is the Label Generator.
It just makes sense that after you print out your form letters, you will need to send it to
individual recipients in an envelope with the matching address printed directly on the
envelope or on a mailing label to stick on. By using virtually the same process as a
standard mail merge, Microsoft Word will print individual addresses to a standard
form that it has already pre-formatted. Simply put, it creates a blank form document
that simulates either a blank label or envelope of pre-defined size and will use the data
file that you selected to print the information, typically individual addresses. So even
in generating labels, the two essential components of creating a merged document are
present: the form document and the data file. Only in this case, you did not have to
type or create the form document yourself because it was already created and pre-
formatted in Microsoft Word. All you need to do is select the correct or appropriate
size for the label or envelope and select the data file that contains the addresses (data)
to be printed. You can also preview your merged labels before printing if you want to.
II.  Integrating Images and External Materials
           Integrating or inserting pictures in your document is fun and it improves the
impression of your document. A common use of inserting a picture on a document is
when you are creating your resume. Though seemingly simple to do, your knowledge
on the different kinds of materials that you can insert or integrate in a Word document
and its characteristics can help you create a more efficient, richer document not only
in content but also in physical form. A better understanding of the physical form of
your document as well as the different materials you would integrate in it would allow
you to be more efficient and versatile in using Microsoft Word.

A. Kinds of Materials
           There are various kinds of materials Microsoft Word is capable of integrating
to make the documents richer, more impressive, and more informative.

1. Pictures
          Generally, these are electronic or digital pictures or photographs you have
saved in any local storage device. There are three commonly used types of picture
files. You can identify them by the extension on their file names.

a. .JPG/JPEG
          This is pronounced as “jay-peg“ and is the short form of .jpeg or Joint
Photographic Experts Group. Like all the rest of the image file extensions, it identifies
the kind of data compression process that it uses to make it more compatible and
portable through the Internet. This type of image file can support 16.7 million colors
that is why it is suitable for use when working with full color photographic images.
Unfortunately, it does not support transparency and therefore, images of this file type
can be difficult to integrate in terms of blending with other materials or elements in
your document. But if you are looking for the best quality image to integrate with
your document then this is the image file type for you. .JPG does not work well on
lettering, line drawings, or simple graphics. .JPG images are relatively small in file
size.

b. .GIF
          This stands for Graphics Interchange Format. This type of image file is capable
of displaying transparencies. Therefore, it is good for blending with other materials or
elements in your document. It is also capable of displaying simple animation.
Apparently, this may not be too useful on a printed document but if you are sending
documents electronically or through email, or even post documents into a website,
then this could be quite impressive. The downside is that it can only support up to 256
colors so it is good mostly on logos and art decors with very limited, and generally
solid colors. .GIF is much better for logos, drawings, small text, black and white
images, or low-resolution files.

Example of a .gif format picture.

c. .PNG 
           This is pronounced as “ping“. It stands for Portable Network Graphics. It was
built around the capabilities of .GIF. Its development was basically for the purpose of
transporting images on the Internet at faster rates. It is also good with transparencies
but unlike .GIFs, it does not support animation but it can display up to 16 million
colors, so image quality for this image file type is also remarkably improved. .PNG
allows the control of the transparency level or opacity of images.
 Example of .png format picture.

2.  Clip Art

          This is generally a .GIF type; line art drawings or images used as generic
representation for ideas and objects that you might want to integrate in your
document. Microsoft Word has a library of clip arts that is built in or can be
downloaded and used freely. There are still other clip arts that you can either purchase
or freely download and use that come from third-party providers.

Clip Art Icon in Microsoft Office 2010.

3.  Shapes
          These are printable objects or materials that you can integrate in your document
to enhance its appearance or allow you to have some tools to use for composing and
representing ideas or messages. If you are designing the layout for a poster or other
graphic material for advertising, you might find this useful.
 Shapes Icon under the Insert ribbon tab.
4. Smart Art
          Generally, these are predefined sets of different shapes grouped together to
form ideas that are organizational or structural in nature. If you want to graphically
represent an organization, process, relationships, or flow for infographic documents,
then you will find this easy and handy to use.
 Smart Art

5.  Chart
Another type of material that you can integrate in your Word document that allows
you to represent data characteristics and trends. This is quite useful when you are
preparing reports that correlate and present data in a graphical manner. You can create
charts that can be integrate in your document either directly in Microsoft Word or
imported from external files like Microsoft Excel.
 Chart – Used to illustrate and compare data.
6. Screenshot
Sometimes, creating reports or manuals for training or procedures will require the
integration of a more realistic image of what you are discussing on your report or
manual. Nothing can get you a more realistic image than a screenshot. Microsoft
Word even provides a snipping tool for your screen shots so you can select and
display only the part that you exactly like to capture on your screen.

III. Image Placement

 Layout of  text wrapping options.

A. In Line with Text

This is the default setting for images that are inserted or integrated in your document.
It treats your image like a text font with the bottom side totally aligned with the text
line. This setting is usually used when you need to place your image at the beginning
of a paragraph. When placed between texts in a paragraph or a sentence, it distorts the
overall appearance and arrangement of the texts in the paragraph because it will take
up the space it needs vertically, pushing whole lines of texts upward.

B. Square

This setting allows the image you inserted to be placed anywhere with the paragraph
with the text going around the image in a square pattern like frame.

C. Tight

This is almost the same as the Square setting, but here the text “hug” or conforms to
the general shape of the image. This allows you to get a more creative effect on your
 document. This setting can mostly be achieved if you are using an image that supports
transparency like a .GIF or .PNG file.

D. Through

This setting allows the text on your document to flow even tighter taking the contours
and shape of the image. Again, this can be best used with .GIF or .PNG type of image.

E. Top and Bottom

This setting pushes the texts away vertically to the top and/or the bottom of the image
so that the image occupies a whole text line on its own.

F. Behind Text

This allows your image to be dragged and placed anywhere on your document but
with all the texts floating in front of it. It effectively makes your image look like a
background.

G. In Front of Text

As it suggests, this setting allows your image to be placed right on top of the text as if
your image was dropped right on it. That means whatever part of the text you placed
the image on, it will be covered by the image.

IV. Key Terms

 Mail Merge – a feature that allows you to create documents and combine or
merge them with another document or data file.
 Form Document – the document that contains the main body of the message
we want to convey or send.
 Data File – includes the individual information or data or the recipient’s
information.
 Merge Field/Place Holder – marks the position on your form document where
individual data or information will be inserted.
 .JPG – file extension for the Joint Photographic Experts Group picture file.
 .PNG – file extension for Portable Network Graphics image file.
 .GIF – file extension for the Graphics Interchange Format image file.
 Clipart – line art drawings or images used as a generic representation for ideas
and objects.
 Smart Art – predefined sets of different shapes grouped together to form ideas
that are organizational or structural in nature.
 Text Wrap – adjusts how the image behaves around other objects or text.

LESSON 4: Advanced
Spreadsheet Skills
1. What is a Spreadsheet Software? • allows users to organize data in rows an
columns and perform calculations on the data • These rows and columns collectively are
called worksheet.
2. 3. Examples of Spreadsheet Software: • LibreOffice Calc • OpenOffice.org
Calc • Google Sheets • Apple iWork Numbers • Kingsoft Office Spreadsheets • StarOffice
Calc • Microsoft Excel
3. 4. MICROSOFT EXCEL
4. 5. To open Microsoft Excel, Press “Windows Logo” + R then type “excel” then
enter.
5. 6. Key Terms in MS Excel: • Row – horizontal line of entries in a table •
Column – vertical line of entries in a table • Cell – the place where info. is held in a
spreadsheet
6. 7. Key Terms in MS Excel: • Active Cell – the selected cell • Column Heading
– the box at the top of each column containing a letter • Row Heading – the row number
7. 8. Key Terms in MS Excel: • Cell Reference – the cell address of the cell
usually combine letter and number (ex. A1, B4, C2) • Merge – combining or joining two
or more cells • Formula – is an expression which calculates the value of a cell.
8. 9. Key Terms in MS Excel: • Functions – are predefined formulas and are
already available in Excel • Formula Bar – the bar that displays the contents of a cell
9. 10. FUNCTIONS
10. 11. BASIC MATH OPERATIONS: • =SUM(x,y) or =SUM(range) – returns
the sum of x and y or (all the numbers within the range) • =PRODUCT(x,y) – returns the
product of x and y • =QUOTIENT(x,y) – returns the quotient of x divided by y • =x-y –
returns the difference of x subtracted by y
11. 12. BASIC MATH OPERATIONS: • =x+y – returns the sum of x and y • =x*y
– returns the product of x and y • =x/y – returns the quotient of x divided by y • =x-y –
returns the difference of x subtracted by y
12. 13. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =ABS(x) – returns the absolute value of x •
=AVERAGE(x,y) – returns the average of x and y • =CONCATENATE(x,y) – joins x and
y
13. 14. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =IF(Condition, x, y) – returns x if the condition is
true, else it returns y • =ISEVEN(x) – returns true if x is an even number • =ISODD(x) –
returns true if x is an odd number
14. 15. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =COUNT(range) – counts the number of cell
containing a number within a range • =COUNTIF(range, criteria) – count the number of
cell that fits with the criteria within the range
15. 16. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =ISNUMBER(x) – returns true if x is a number •
=ISTEXT(x) – returns true if x is a text • =LEN(x) – returns the length of characters in x •
=PROPER(x) – returns the proper casing of x
16. 17. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =LEFT(x,y) – returns the characters of x specified
by y (from the left) • =RIGHT(x,y) – returns the characters of x specified by y (from the
right) • =PI() – returns the value of pi
17. 18. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =MIN(x,y) – returns the smallest number between
x and y • =MAX(x,y) – returns the largest number between x and y • =MIN(range) –
returns the smallest number within the range • =MAX(range) – returns the largest number
within the range
18. 19. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =POWER(x,y) – returns the value of x raised to
the power of y • =ROUND(x,y) – rounds x to a specified number of digits (y)
=COLUMN(x) – returns the column number of x • =ROW(x) – returns the row number of
x
19. 20. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =SQRT(x) – returns the square root of x •
=TRIM(x) – removes extra spaces in x • =UPPER(x) – returns x in all capital form •
=LOWER(x) – returns x in non- capital form
20. 21. OTHER FUNCTIONS: • =TODAY() – returns the current date • =NOW()
– returns the current date and time
21. 22. EXERCISES
22. 23. Consider this data: NAME MATH GRADE SCIENCE GRADE FILIPINO
GRADE ENGLISH GRADE A.P GRADE MARK 75 70 78 81 78 PETE 84 87 86 88 85
ANA 91 92 95 90 90 REA 73 75 74 75 70
23. 24. Give the formulas to get : • Mark’s , Pete’s, Ana’s and Rea’s averages • The
highest grade that Ana got • The lowest grade that Mark got? • Sum of all Math Grade?
Science? A.P.? • Sum of all Rea’s Grades • The Lowest Number among all grades • The
remarks (Passed or Failed)
24. 25. Now, consider this data: FIRST NAME MIDDLE NAME LAST NAME
MARK CURTIS WILLIAMS PETE MCCLOEY HARRISON ANA MONROE FRITZ
REA TAN COLLINS
25. 26. Give the formulas to get : • Mark’s Full Name • Ana’s Full Name in Proper
Case • Count the number of letters that Pete’s Last Name has • “COLL” from Rea’s Last
Name • “LOEY” from Pete’s Middle Name • Combining “WILL” and “LINS” from Mark
and Rea’s Last Names respectively
 LESSON 5: Advanced
Presentation Skills
Powerpoint is a highly innovative and versatile program that can ensure a successful
communication whether you’re presenting in front of potential investors, a lecture
theatre or simply in front of your colleagues. The following are the five features you
should be using-if youy aren’t already. Learn everything about these tips: they will
improve your presentation skills and allow you to communicate your message
successfully. The five features of powerpoint was

1)adding smart art

2)Inserting Shapes

3)Inserting and Image

4)Slide Transitions

5)Adding Animations

Creating an Effective Presentation

1. Minimize: Keep slides counts to a minimum to maintain a clear message and to
keep the audience attentive. Remember that the presentation is just a visual aid. Most
information should still come from the reporter.
2.Clarity: Avoid being to fancy by using font style that is easy to read. Make sure that
it is also big enough to be read by the audience. Once you start making your
presentation, consider how big the screen is during your report.
3.Simplicity: Use bullets or short sentences. Summarize the information on the screen
to have your audience focus on what the speaker is saying than on reading the slide.
Limit the content to six lines and seven words per line. This is known as the 6 x 7
rule.
4. Visual: Use graphics to help in your presentation but not too many to distract the
audience. In addition, instead of using table of data, use charts and graphs.
5. Consistency: Make your design uniform. Avoid having different font styles and
backgrounds.
 6. Contrast: Use a light font on dark background or vice versa. This is done so that it
is easier to read. In most instances, it is easier to read on screen if the background is
dark. This is due to the brightness of the screen.

 LESSON 6: Imaging and

Design for Online
Environment

PHOTO EDITING
 Photo editing encompasses the processes of altering images, whether they are
digital photographs, traditional photo chemical photographs, or illustrations. Traditional
analog image editing is known as photo retouching, using tools such as an airbrush to
modify photographs, or editing illustrations with any traditional art medium.
 Graphic software programs
 Which can be broadly grouped into vector graphics editors, raster graphics
editors, and 3D modelers are the primary tools with which a user may manipulate,
enhance, and transform images. Many image editing programs are also used to render or
create computer art from scratch.
BASIC OF IMAGE EDITING
1. RASTER IMAGESare stored in a computer in the form of a grid of picture
elements or pixels.
2. VECTOR IMAGESsuch as Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape and etc. are used to
create and modify vector images, which are stored as descriptions of lines, Bezier curves
and text instead of pixels.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RASTER AND VECTOR IMAGES

RASTER IMAGESuse many colored pixels or individual building blocks to form a

complete image JPEGs, GIFs and PNGs are common raster image types. Almost all of
the photos found on the web and in print catalogs are raster images.
 VECTOR IMAGES alternatively, allow for more flexibility. Constructed
using mathematical formulas rather than individual colored blocks, vector file types such
as EPS, AI and PDF are excellent for creating graphics that frequently require resizing.
3. 3D MODELING (OR MODELLING) is the process of developing a mathematical
representation of any three dimensional surface of an object via specialized software. The
product is called a 3D model. It can be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a
process called 3D rendering or used in a computer simulation or physical phenomena. The
model can also be physically created using 3D printing devices.

IMAGE FORMATS
Ø  JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images,
particularly for those images produced by a digital photography.
Ø  PNG (PORTABLE NETWORK GRAPHICS) is a raster graphics file format
that supports lossless data compression.
Ø  GIF a lossless format for image files that supports both animated and static
images.
Ø  BMP is a raster graphics image used to store bitmap digital images
Ø  EPS used in vector-based images in Adobe Illustrator.
Ø  SVG is an XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics w/
support for interactivity and animation
Ø  .3ds is one of the file formats used by the Autodesk 3Ds Max 3D Modelling,
animation and rendering software.
Ø  .fbx is an exchange format, in particular for interoperability between Autodesk
products and other digital content creation software
FEATURES OF IMAGE EDITORS

SELECTION One of the prerequisites for many of the app mentioned below is a

method of selecting part(s) of an image, thus applying a change selectively without
affecting the entire picture
Ø  MARQUEE TOOL for selecting rectangular or other regular polygon-shaped
regions
Ø  LASSO TOOL for freehand selection of a region
Ø  MAGIC WAND TOOL selects objects or regions in the image defined by
proximity of color or luminance

LAYERS which are analogous to sheets of transparent acetate, stacked on top of each

other, each capable of being individually positioned, altered and blended with the
layers below, w/o affecting any of the elements on the other layers.

IMAGE SIZE resize images in a process often called image scaling, making them
larger, or smaller. High image resolution cameras can produce large images which are
often reduced in size for Internet use.
CROPPING creates a new image by selecting a desired rectangular portion from the
image being cropped. The unwanted part of the image is discarded. Image cropping
does not reduce the resolution of the area cropped.
CLONING uses the current brush to copy from an image or pattern. It has many uses:
one of the most important is to repair problem areas in digital photos.
IMAGE ORIENTATION – Image editors are capable of altering an image to be
rotated in any direction and to any degree. Mirror images can be created and images
can be horizontally flipped or vertically flopped. Rotated image usually require
cropping afterwards, in order to remove the resulting gaps at the image edges.
PERSPECTIVE – is the art of drawing solid objects on a two- dimensional surface
so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth and position in relation
to each other when viewed from a particular point.
SHARPENING AND SOFTENING– Sharpening makes images clearer. Too much
sharpening causes grains on the surface of the image. Softening makes images softer
that removes some of the highly visible flaws. Too much causes the image to blur.

SATURATION- is an expression for the relative bandwidth of the visible output

from a light source. As saturation increase, colors appear more “pure.’’ As saturation
decreases, colors appear more ‘’ washed-out.’’
CONTRAST AND BRIGHTENING
Contrast of images and brighten or darken the image. Underexposed images can be
often be improved by using this feature.

Brightening lightens the image so the photo brightens up. Brightness is a relative
expression of the intensity of the energy output of a visible light source.

Adjusting contrast means adjusting brightness because they work together to make a
better image.
PHOTO MANIPULATION
Photo manipulation involves transforming or altering a photograph using various
methods and techniques to achieve desired results. Some photo manipulations are
considered skillful artwork while others are frowned upon as unethical practices,
especially when used to deceive the public, such as hat used for political propaganda ,
or to make a product or person look better.
   

DIFFERENCES
PHOTO EDITING – signifies the regular process used to enhance photos and to
create them ‘’Actual editing simple process’’. Also includes some of the regular
programs used for editing and expose how to use them.
PHOTO MANIPULATION – includes all simple editing techniques and have some
manipulation techniques like erasing, adding objects , adding some graphical effects,
background correction, creating incredible effect, change elements in an image, 
adding styles , eliminating blemishes from a  person’s face and changing the features
of a person’s body.
 b.) Infographics
 also known as data visualization, information design, and communication design
 It is any graphic that display and explains information, whether that be data or
words. When we use the term ‘’infographics’’, we’re using it as a general term used to
describe data presented in a visual way.
 Infographics are important because they change the way people find and
experience stories. Infographics are being used to augment editorial content on the web, it
create a new way of seeing the world of data, and they help communicate complex ideas
in a clear and beautiful way.
TYPES OF INFOGRAPHICS
1. Statistical
2. Process Flow
3. Geographic
PROCESS OF MAKING INFOGRAPHICS
1. Research
2. a)Know what is needed
3. b)Take a reference
4. c)Know the audience
5. d)Decide the type of infographics
6. Brainstorm
7. a)Gather ideas
8. b)Build thought process
9. Design
10. a)    Choose your tool and start designing
11. Review
12. a)     Cross check the data to deliver flawless output
13. Launch
14. a)    Make it viral
15. b)    Share on social network
BEST PRACTICES WHEN CREATING INFOGRAPHICS
1. a)Maintain a structure
2. b)Don’t use more than 3 color palletes
3. c)Typography matters a lot
4. d)Include source and references
 

LESSON 7: Online Platforms

for ICT Content Development
1.Facebook
Posted on February 13, 2017

1. Marketplace – allows members to post, read and respond to classified ads.

2. Groups – allows members who have common interests to find each other and
interact.
3. Events  – allows members to publicize an event, invite guests and track who
plans to attend.
4. Pages – allows members to create and promote a public page built around a
specific topic.
5. Presence technology – allows members to see which contacts are online and
chat.
Within each member’s personal profile, there are several key networking
components. The most popular is arguably the Wall, which is essentially a virtual
bulletin board. Messages left on a member’s Wall can be text, video or photos.
Another popular component is the virtual Photo Album. Photos can be uploaded from
the desktop or directly from a smartphone camera. There is no limitation on quantity,
but Facebook staff will remove inappropriate or copyrighted images.  An interactive
album feature allows the member’s contacts (who are called generically called
“friends”) to comment on each other’s photos and identify (tag) people in the photos.
Another popular profile component is status updates, a microbloggingfeature that
allows members to broadcast short Twitter-like announcements to their friends. All
interactions are published in a news feed, which is distributed in real-time to the
member’s friends.
Facebook offers a range of privacy options to its members.  A member can make all
his communications visible to everyone, he can block specific connections or he can
keep all his communications private. Members can choose whether or not to be
searchable, decide which parts of their profile are public, decide what not to put in
their news feed and determine exactly who can see their posts. For those members
who wish to use Facebook to communicate privately, there is a message feature,
which closely resembles email.

2. Instagram

Instagram is an online mobile photo-sharing site that allows its users to share

pictures and videos either publicly or privately on the app, as well as through a variety
of other social networking platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, and Flickr.
Originally, a distinctive feature was that it confined photos to a square shape, similar
to Kodak Instamatic and Polaroid SX-70 images, in contrast to the 4:3 aspect ratio
typically used by mobile device cameras. In August 2015, version 7.5 was released,
allowing users to upload media captured in any aspect ratio. Users can also apply
digital filters to their images. Videos on Instagram debuted in June 2013, allowing
prerecorded square standard definition resolution clips of up to 15 seconds to be
shared; later improvements added support for widescreenresolutions of up
to 1080p and longer recording times for either prerecorded (up to one minute) or
disappearing live (up to one hour) videos.
Instagram was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, and launched in October
2010 as a free mobile app. The service rapidly gained popularity, with over 100
million active users as of April 2012[10][11] and over 300 million as of December
2014.[12] Instagram is distributed through the Apple App Store and Google Play.
[13]Support for the app is available for iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Windows 10 devices
 and Android handsets, while third-party Instagram apps are available for BlackBerry
10 and Nokia-Symbian Devices.

3. Twitter

Twitter  is an online news and social networking service where users post and

interact with messages, “tweets,” restricted to 140 characters. Registered users can
post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them. Users access Twitter
through its website interface, SMS or a mobile device app.[10] Twitter Inc. is based
in San Francisco, California, United States, and has more than 25 offices around the
world.
Twitter is about learning and adding value
It is also about adding value to others by giving or sharing something valuable to them
so that they are able to learn something. That is why I usually tweet about stuff that I
read, learned or have good value. I have learned so much from the others that is why I
love twitter. It is also about helping others, I disagree with many‘experts’ that say you
should only follow ‘influential’ users because I don’t judge someone that way, and
because I believe the people at Twitter don’t believe in them either. I also disagree
that you should only share your own stuff otherwise you will dilute your brand. Sure it
makes sense but 24/7 sharing your own blog post and following influential people?

BLOGGING SITES
1. Weebly
 

Weebly is one of the easiest website builders in the market .  They allow you to drag
and drop content into a website, so it’s very intuitive to use (click here to see our
opinion on Weebly).
By using Weebly’s website building elements, you can literally drag them into your
website and have a website built relatively quickly, and painlessly.  The beauty of this
system is that you can pretty much drag the elements to wherever you want – so it’s
not very restrictive on where and how you place your website content.

Weebly’s elements include pictures, paragraphs, videos, buttons, maps, contact forms
– basically all the basics for website building.

2. Tumblr
Tumblr is a popular microblogging platform designed for creative self-expression. It
is considered a mindful alternative to Facebook and other social media websites where
users blog on a myriad of topics.

You can link your Tumblr account to other social networks you use and you can feed
your traditional blog or other RSS feed to your Tumblelog. You can also create static
pages such as your own Questions page that people are automatically taken to when
they ask you a question. If you want to make your Tumblelog look more lie a
traditional website, you can do it by adding pages. You can make your Tumblelog
private or just make specific posts private as needed, and you can schedule posts to
publish in the future.
 Tumblr is perfect for people who don’t need a full blog to publish lengthy posts. It’s
also great for people who prefer to publish quick multimedia posts, particularly from
their mobile devices. Tumblr is also a great choice for people who want to join a
larger community. If a blog is too much or too big for you, but Twitter is too small or
too little for you and Instagram isn’t versatile enough for you, then Tumblr might be
just right for you.
It’s also easy to invite other people to contribute to your Tumblelog.

If you want to track your stats, you can add any analytics tracking code to your
Tumblelog. Some users will even burn a feed with Feedburner, create custom themes,
and use their own domain names
3. Pinterest

Pinterest is a free website that requires registration to use.Users can upload, save, sort,
and manage images—known as pins—and other media content (e.g., videos) through
collections known as pinboards. Pinterest acts as a personalized media platform. Users
can browse the content of others in their feed. Users can then save individual pins to
one of their own boards using the “Pin It” button, with pinboards typically organized
by a central topic or theme. Users can personalize their experience by pinning items,
creating boards, and interacting with other members. The end result is that the “pin
feed” of each user displays unique, personalized results.
Content can also be found outside of Pinterest and similarly uploaded to a board via
the “Pin It” button, which can be downloaded to the bookmark bar on a web
browser, or be implemented by a webmaster directly on the website. They also have
the option of sending a pin to other Pinterest users and email accounts through the
“Send” button. Some websites include red and white “pin it” buttons on items, which
allow Pinterest users to pin them directly.
Initially, there were several ways to register a new Pinterest account. Potential users
could either receive an invitation from an already registered friend, or they could
request an invitation directly from the Pinterest website that could take some time to
receive. An account can also be created and accessed by linking Pinterest to
a Facebook or Twitter profile. When a user re-posts or re-pins an image to their own
board, they have the option of notifying their Facebook and Twitter followers. This
feature can be managed on the settings page.
On the main Pinterest page, a “pin feed” appears, displaying the chronological activity
from the Pinterest boards that a user follows.
A “board” is where the user’s pins are located. Users can have several boards for
various items such as quotes, travel or, most popularly, weddings. A “pin” is an image
that has either been uploaded or linked from a website. Once users create boards and
add pins, other users can now repin, meaning they can pin one user’s image to their
board as well. Once the user has set up their account and boards, they can browse,
comment, and like other pins. Users might be discouraged by repeated images and
difficult-to-follow direct linking features. Pinterest has also added the option of
making boards “secret” so that the user can pin to and view boards that only the user
can see when logged into their own account.
Pinterest does not generate its own content; rather, it draws from many resources
around the web and compiles them in one convenient location for users.
 

LESSON 8: Collaborative ICT

Development
Web portal
a website that contains information from different sources and places them in one
location in a uniform way
Yahoo!
example of a web portal
yahoo.com
offers a web portal where news, email, weather, etc. are found in one place
Facebook groups ; WordPress ; Google Drive ; Microsoft Office Online ; Microsoft’s
Yammer ; Trello
examples of online collaborative tools
Facebook groups
used to create a group page that will allow people in your group to communicate your
ideas
WordPress
allows you to multiple contributors for a single blog
Google Drive and Microsoft Office Online
allow multiple people to work on different office files and even have their own
group’s cloud storage
Microsoft’s Yammer
offers companies to have their own social network that allows sharing and managing
content
Trello
offer an online to-do checklist for your entire team

LESSON 9: Interactive
Multimedia
World Wide Web
world-wide-wait
WWW
CNN
now hosts videos placed on their home page, which was unthinkable in the past
because of slow internet speed
on-demand
Videos way back then were never on the home page and can be viewed
“____________” or only when a user clicks on it.
videos (youtube)
sound, music, or audio (soundcloud)

online games (farmville)

online tests (iq and personality test)

courseware (e-learning courses)

 podcasts (ted talks, ear biscuits, the starters, stuff you should know)

vodcasts (video game high school and gmm)

multimedia contents (7)
online tests
online survey forms and tests that automatically display the results when finished
courseware
online courses that stimulate the classroom online
podcasts
an episodic series of audio or text files streamed online
embed
to place an object from one site to another
 

LESSON 10: ICT as Platform

for Change
The Role of ICT in Recent History
     Throughout recent history, the Philippines have been one of a few nations that
demonstrate unity for a call to action or social change. These campaigns for social
change would have not been successful if it were not for ICT.
1. EDSA (PEOPLE POWER REVOLUTION). The people power revolution
lasted from 1083 to 1986. During a radio broadcast of Radio Veritas, Cardinal Sin
encouraged the Filipinos to help end the regime of then President Ferdinand Marcos. A
major protest took place along the EDSA from February 22 to 25, 1986 involving two
million Filipinos from different sectors. These included civilians, political parties, the
military and religious groups.
2. EDSA DOS.This is also known as the 2001 EDSA Revolution, happened
during January 17 to 21, 2001. It was fueled after 11 prosecutors of the President Joseph
Estrada walked out of the impeachment trial. As a result, the crowd in EDSA grew over
the course of a few days through text brigades. 
3. Million People March.This is a series pf protest that mainly took place in
Luneta Park from august 22 to 26, 2013. There were also several demonstrations that
happened around key cities in the Philippines and some location overseas. The organizers
and promoters of the Million People March used Facebook and Change.org as their,
mediums.
4. Yolanda People Finder.Recent storms in Philippines history gave birth to the
People finder database powered by Google. During typhoon Yolanda, the people finder
 was a vital tool for people across the globe to track the situation of their relatives. This
proved to be successful and is now adapted by more organizations to help people track
relatives during calamities.
Change.org
     Change.org is dubbed as the “world’s platform for change” where anyone from the
online community can create a petition and ask others to sign in it. During the past
times petitions are only done through signing a paper, usually done by a group asking
for signatures via travel. Change.org gives access to more people by allowing the
online community to affix their digital signatures on petition.
Signing an Online Petition
1. VisitChange.org
2. Change.org works this way. If this is your first time to use Change.org, click
Sign up or log in with Facebook. Otherwise, just input your log in details.
3. You can then start your own petition, but for now click on any petition you
want under tending petitions.
4. Read the petitions description to see if this petition matters to you. If it is, sign
the petition by filling up the information on the right side of the screen.
5. Share the petition on Facebook to promote it.
     Alternatively, you can check out petitions of your friends on Facebook, and then
click on those petitions to read about it and sign it.

LESSON 11: ICT Project for

Social Change
 Before starting your project, your group should be able to do the necessary
paperwork. This allows experts to see if your project is doable over the time frame
that was given and if it is significant enough to be made into reality.

Five elements of a concept paper

1.Introduction-includes tour group’s mission and vision and a brief introduction of
your project.
2.Purpose-includes the reasons why this project is worth your group and your
sponsor’s time, effort and money.
3.Description-includes all the necessary information about the project. In ICT, it
involves the sites you are going to produce and the purpose of each and how they
work in unison.
4.Support-contains the budget needed for the project. Some concept papers do not
specify any amount requested from the sponsor.
5.Contact information-includes information on how the group be contacted.
Simplified ICT Project Process Overview
1.Planning-Involves the following task (but not limited to):
1. Conceptualizing your project project
2. Researching on available data about your topic
3. Setting deadlines and meetings
4. Assigning people to various tasks
5. Finding a web or blog host
6. Creating a site map for tour website
7. Listing down all applications, that you need including web apps
8. Funding (If applicable)
2.Development-involves the actual creation of the website(s), involves the production
of images, infographics, etc.
3.Release and Promotion-involves the actual release of the website for public view
and promoting it. Promotion typically starts before the actual release.
4.Maintenance-involves responding to feedback of your site visitors and continuing
to improve your website.

LESSON 12: ICT Project

Publication and Statistics
Monitoring Site Statistics on Different Platforms

1. WordPress
Once you log in to your WordPress account, you are on the Reader tab by default.
Simply click on My Sites and from there you will see the statistics for your blog.
2. Facebook
 In your Facebook page, a summary of the statistics will appear on the right side of
your cover photo: Hovering your mouse pointer over “Post Reach” will give you
more insights on which recent post reached the most people: Clicking on
the Insights tab will give more in-depth statistics:
1. Overview– contains the summary of statistics about your page
Definition of terms on your Facebook statistics:

Reach: Organic – your posts seen through the page’s wall, shares by users, and the
news feed
Reach: Paid – your posts seen through paid ads
Post Clicks – number of clicks done to your posts
Likes, Comments, and Shares – actual interaction done by your audience either
through liking the post, commenting on it, or sharing it on their walls.
1. Likes– contains the statistics about the trend of page likes
2. Reach– contains information about the number of people who was reached by
your post
3. Visits– contains data of the number of times your page tabs (like the Timeline)
are visited
4. Post– contains data showing when (day and time) you site visitors visit your
site
5. People– contains statistics about your audience’s demographics (age, location,
gender, language, and country). It is also includes demographics about the people you
have reached and engaged with.
Demographics  refers to the statistics characterizing human population usually
divided by age, gender, income, location, and language.

LESSON 13: ICT Project

Maintenance
Creating online surveys feedbacks forms.
The Internet will give you a lot of options in gathering your audience’s feedback. The
only difference that you and your group may notice is how these services are
presented. Some of them, because they are free to use, may have too many ads or
some features are lacking. In any case, it’s your group’s choice which of these
services is t cumbersome to reach your objective.
Google offers one of the easiest ways to gather user’s feedback. Google forms allow
your audience to answer a set of questions you have set. These can be used for
surveys, feedback, online registrations, and customer care support.

4. You will be taken to Google Form’s interface:

Next is !
Lets move on to !
6. Once you are done editing the question, click Done.
7. To add a new question or item, click on Add Item, clicking on the drop down arrow
at the right side of the Add Item button will bring up other options for layout:
a. Section Header – adds a header for a specific a part of your survey.
b. Page break- adds a page break which means that the items at the button of the page
will be added to the next page: necessarily if your survey is too long.
c. Image- adds an image to your survey
d. Video- adds a video to your survey

iii. Multiple Choice – can be answered by only one answer in a set of options
Creating feedback forms using Google forms
Lesson objectives
• Evaluate the effectiveness of their online campaign through user feedback;
• Improve the online campaign using various tools; and
• Check the impact of their online campaign.

Steps !
1) Open your browser and go to drive.google.com
2) Sign in or create an account.
3) On the left hand hair of your My Drive page,
click New> More> Google Forms

Steps !
5. You may now fill out the form questions:
A. Question Title- Includes the question that will be answered by your audience.
B. Help Text- Creates a subtext under the question to give more information about a
question.
C. Question Type- changes the type question according to your preference. These
questions include:
i. Text – can be answered in a short text.
ii. Paragraph Text – can be answered in a long text.
iv. Checkboxes – a question that can be answered with multiple answers in a set of
options.
v. Choose from a list- similar to a multiple-choice question but options are revealed in
a drop-down list.
vi. Scale- a question that can be answered with a numerical range.
vii. Grid- a question that contains sub questions with similar options as shown;
• Date- a question that can be answered with a specified date
• Time- a question that can be answered with a specified time
.

d. Advanced Settings: Contains more options for the specified question type.
8. Edit the Confirmation Page option at the bottom as you see fit.
A. Show link to submit another response- allows the user to answer the same form
again.
B. Publish and show a public link to form results- allows users to see the summarized
results for your survey.
C. Allow responders to edits responses after submitting- allows users to back and edit
their answers
.

9. Click the Send Form button. The Send Form dialog box will appear these options as
you see fit.

a. Link to share- contains the URL that you can share on your website.
b. Embed- contains an embed code to attach to your HTML.
c. Short URL- generates a shorter URL necessary for limited spaces like sharing on
twitter.
d. Share link via- allows you to share the link to Google+, Facebook, and Twitter.
e. Send form via email- allows you to share the form via email.
f. Add collaborators- Allows others to edit your form, necessary when working on
groups.

1. The easiest way to view the result is viewing a summary of the responses. Click on
Responses> Summary of Responses.
2. You will be taken to a Summary of Responses page. This is particularly useful for
viewing your results from time to time.

However, after a set amount of time, you may want to use this data in a spreadsheet
and eventually create your own charts.
3. To use the data collected through responses, click View Responses button found on
the upper part of the page.

Analyzing your Google Forms Result

4. Choose if you want to create a new Google Sheet as the destination of your
response results or if you want to put it on an existing Google Sheet.
 

LESSON 14: Disadvantages of

ICT
Cybercrimes are illegal acts done through the use of the internet. People all over the
world use the Internet to commit a host of crimes, some of which the public doesn’t
even know are capable of being done electronically.

1. Phishing and Spoofing

Spoofing attack is when a malicious party impersonates another device or user on a
network in order to launch attacks against network hosts, steal data, spread malware
or bypass access controls. There are several different types of spoofing attacks that
malicious parties can use to accomplish this.
Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive information such as usernames,
passwords, and credit card details (and sometimes, indirectly, money), often for
malicious reasons, by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic
communication.
2. Blackmail/Extortion                                

Extortion (also called blackmail, shakedown, out wresting, and exaction) is a

criminal offence of unlawfully obtaining money, property, or services from a person,
entity, or institution, through coercion. Refraining from doing harm is sometimes
euphemistically called protection. Using the Internet to threaten to cause damage with
the intent to extort from any person any money or other thing of value.
3. Accessing Stored Communications 

 
Accessing Stored Communications or hacking; Intentionally accessing, without
authorization, a facility through which an electronic communication service is
provided. The act of obtaining unauthorized access to data from computer network.
This is typically done to commercial and government sites to threaten its owner. In
late 2015, a group of Anonymous Philippines  hacked the Twitter account of actress
Maine Mendoza, who plays the famous character Yaya Dub of the popular AlDub
tandem and posted links and messages on the account
 

4. Sports Betting

Sports Beating is engaging in the business of betting or wagering on any sporting

event or contest over the Internet. In some countries, gambling (including sports
betting) is illegal even if you are doing it over the Internet.
5. Non-Delivery of Merchandise

Devising any scheme to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false
or fraudulent pretenses, or promises, and using the Internet for the purpose of
executing the scheme. The non-delivery scam occurs when the scammer places an
item up for sale when there is actually no item at all. The item is subsequently never
delivered to the buyer after they purchase the item.
6. Electronic/ Cyber Harassment
Cyber harassment refers to online harassment. Cyber harassment or bullying is the
use of email, instant messaging, and derogatory websites to bully or otherwise harass
an individual or group through personal attacks. Cyber harassment can be in the form
of flames, comments made in chat rooms, sending of offensive or cruel e-mail, or
even harassing others by posting on blogs or social networking sites. Cyber
harassment is often difficult to track as the person responsible for the acts of cyber
harassment remains anonymous while threatening others online. This usually applies
to school-age children.
7. Child Pornography

Using the Internet to transmit child pornography. Child pornography is distributed

nowadays mainly through the Internet. Child pornography are produced not only on a
professional scale by commercial providers, but also privately using victims from the
producer’s own environment, from the exploitation of children by clients of child
prostitutes. Child pornography is sold over commercial websites and also exchanged
in closed groups or via peer-to-peer networks. Criminal groups also use the Internet to
make big money selling child pornography.
8. Prostitution
Persuading, inducing, enticing, or coercing any individual to travel in interstate
commerce to engage in prostitution.The internet has become one of the preferred
methods of communication for prostitution, as clients and prostitutes are less
vulnerable to arrest or assault and for its convenience
9. Drug Trafficking

Delivering, distributing, or dispensing a controlled substance by means of the Internet.

Darknet markets are used to buy and sell recreational drugs online. Some drug
traffickers use encrypted messaging tools to communicate with drug mules. The dark
web site Silk Road was a major online marketplace for drugs before it was shut down
by law enforcement (then reopened under new management, and then shut down by
law enforcement again)

10. Criminal Copyright Infringement

 Criminal Copyright Infringement, the act of piracy mainly for financial gain. In late
2014, the number one pirate website, The PirateBay, was raided for the second time
due to years of pirating movies, music, games, books, and other software. These kinds
of websites earn money through advertsing.
Advertisements
REPORT THIS AD