BASKETBALL

What makes
Basketball
tremendously popular?
HISTORY OF BASKETBALL
• Basketball was invented in 1891 at Springfield College,
Springfield Massachusetts, by Canadian born Dr. James
Naismith.
• The game was invented in an effort to find a sport that
could be played indoors during the long cold winter
months.
• Before, the game was played with a soccer ball and peach
baskets that were fastened 10 feet above the ground.
• Several years later the baskets were constructed to allow
the ball to fall to the floor.
RULE ONE – THE GAME
Basketball Game
•Basketball is played by 2 teams of 5
players each. The aim of each team is to
score in the opponents' basket and to
prevent the other team from scoring.
•The game is controlled by the referees,
table officials and a commissioner, if
present.
Basket: opponents'/own
•The basket that is attacked by a
team is the opponents' basket and
the basket which is defended by a
team is its own basket.
Winner of a game
•The team that has scored the
greater number of game points at
the end of playing time shall be
the winner.
RULE TWO – PLAYING
COURT AND EQUIPMENT
Playing court
•The playing court shall have a flat, hard surface
free from obstructions with dimensions of 28 m in
length by 15 m in width measured from the inner
edge of the boundary line.
Backcourt
•A team's backcourt consists of its team's own
basket, the inbounds part of the backboard and
that part of the playing court limited by the endline
behind its own basket, the sidelines and the center
line.
Frontcourt
•A team's frontcourt consists of the opponents'
basket, the inbounds part of the backboard and
that part of the playing court limited by the endline
behind the opponents' basket, the sidelines and
the inner edge of the center line nearest to the
opponents' basket.
Lines
•All lines shall be of the same color and drawn in
white or other contrasting color, 5 cm in width and
clearly visible.
Boundary line
•The playing court shall be limited by the boundary
line, consisting of the endlines and the sidelines.
These lines are not part of the playing court.
•Any obstruction including seated head coach, first
assistant coach, substitutes, excluded players and
accompanying delegation members shall be at
least 2 m from the playing court.
Centre line, center circle and free-throw
semi-circles
•The playing court shall be limited by the boundary
line, consisting of the endlines and the sidelines.
These lines are not part of the playing court.
•Any obstruction including seated head coach, first
assistant coach, substitutes, excluded players and
accompanying delegation members shall be at
least 2 m from the playing court.
Centre line, center circle and free-throw
semi-circles
•The playing court shall be limited by the boundary
line, consisting of the endlines and the sidelines.
These lines are not part of the playing court.
•Any obstruction including seated head coach, first
assistant coach, substitutes, excluded players and
accompanying delegation members shall be at
least 2 m from the playing court.
Free-throw lines, restricted areas and free-throw
rebound places
• The free-throw line shall be drawn parallel to each endline. It shall
have its furthest edge 5.80 m from the inner edge of the endline
and shall be 3.60 m long. Its mid-point shall lie on the imaginary line
joining the mid-point of the 2 endlines.
• The restricted areas shall be the rectangular areas marked on the
playing court limited by the endlines, the extended free-throw lines
and the lines which originate at the endlines, their outer edges
being 2.45 m from the mid-point of the endlines and terminating at
the outer edge of the extended free-throw lines. These lines,
excluding the endlines, are part of the restricted area.
• Free-throw rebound places along the restricted areas, reserved for
players during free throws, shall be marked as in Diagram 2.
3-point field goal area
The team's 3-point field goal area (Diagram 1 and Diagram 3)
shall be the entire floor area of the playing court, except for the
area near the opponents' basket, limited by and including:
The 2 parallel lines extending from and perpendicular to the
endline, with the outer edge 0.90 m from the inner edge of the
sidelines.
An arc of radius 6.75 m measured from the point on the floor
beneath the exact centre of the opponents' basket to the
outer edge of the arc.
The distance of the point on the floor from the inner edge of the
mid-point of the endline is 1.575 m. The arc is joined to the
parallel lines. The 3-point line is not part of the 3-point field goal
area.
Team bench areas
The team bench areas shall be marked outside the
playing court limited by 2 lines as in Diagram 1.
There must be 16 seats available in each team
bench area for the head coach, the assistant
coaches, the substitutes, the excluded players and
the accompanying delegation members. Any other
persons shall be at least 2 m behind the team
bench.
Throw-in lines
The 2 lines of 0.15 m in length shall be marked
outside the playing court at the sideline opposite
the scorer’s table, with the outer edge of the lines
8.325 m from the inner edge of the nearest endline.
No-charge semi-circle areas
The no-charge semi-circle areas shall be marked on the playing court,
limited by:
A semi-circle with the radius of 1.25 m measured from the point on the
floor beneath the exact centre of the basket to the inner edge of the
semi-circle. The semi-circle is joined to:
The 2 parallel lines perpendicular to the endline, the inner edge 1.25 m
from the point on the floor beneath the exact centre of the basket, 0.375
m in length and ending 1.20 m from the inner edge of the endline.
The no-charge semi-circle areas are completed by imaginary lines joining
the ends of the parallel lines directly below the front edges of the
backboards.
The no-charge semi-circle lines are part of the no-charge semi-circle areas.
No-charge semi-circle areas
The no-charge semi-circle areas shall be marked on the playing court,
limited by:
A semi-circle with the radius of 1.25 m measured from the point on the
floor beneath the exact centre of the basket to the inner edge of the
semi-circle. The semi-circle is joined to:
The 2 parallel lines perpendicular to the endline, the inner edge 1.25 m
from the point on the floor beneath the exact centre of the basket, 0.375
m in length and ending 1.20 m from the inner edge of the endline.
The no-charge semi-circle areas are completed by imaginary lines joining
the ends of the parallel lines directly below the front edges of the
backboards.
The no-charge semi-circle lines are part of the no-charge semi-circle areas.
No-charge semi-circle areas
The no-charge semi-circle areas shall be marked on the playing court,
limited by:
A semi-circle with the radius of 1.25 m measured from the point on the
floor beneath the exact centre of the basket to the inner edge of the
semi-circle. The semi-circle is joined to:
The 2 parallel lines perpendicular to the endline, the inner edge 1.25 m
from the point on the floor beneath the exact centre of the basket, 0.375
m in length and ending 1.20 m from the inner edge of the endline.
The no-charge semi-circle areas are completed by imaginary lines joining
the ends of the parallel lines directly below the front edges of the
backboards.
The no-charge semi-circle lines are part of the no-charge semi-circle areas.
Basket
A hoop or basket with net around its
circumference and of 18 inch diameter is
firmly hung horizontally from a
rectangular backboard of 3.5 feet height
and 6 feet width on either sides of the
court. The rim of the hoop is 10 feet
above the ground. The backboard in
various international competitions is
transparent for better visibility.
Ball
• Basketball is an orange-colored and
rough-textured spherical ball with
black contours usually made of
leather or composite tough materials.
• The ball is bounced continuously
(dribbling), thrown through the air to
other players (passing), and towards
the basket (shooting). So a typical
basketball must be very durable and
easy to hold on to.
The following equipment shall be considered:

•Backboards
•Game clock
•Scoreboard
•Shot clock
•shot clock operator
•Scoresheet
RULE THREE – TEAMS
Definition
• A team member is eligible to play when he has been authorized to play for a
team according to the regulations, including regulations governing age limits,
of the organizing body of the competition.
• A team member is entitled to play when his name has been entered on the
scoresheet before the beginning of the game and as long as he has neither
been disqualified nor committed 5 fouls.
• During playing time, a team member is:
A player when he is on the playing court and is entitled to play.
A substitute when he is not on the playing court but he is entitled to play.
An excluded player when he has committed 5 fouls and is no longer entitled to
play.
• During an interval of play, all team members entitled to play are considered as
players.
Rule
• Each team shall consist of:
No more than 12 team members entitled to play, including a captain.
A head coach.
A maximum of 8 accompanying delegation members, including a maximum of
2 assistant coaches who may sit on the team bench.
• In case a team has assistant coaches, the first assistant coach shall be entered
on the scoresheet.
• During playing time 5 team members from each team shall be on the playing
court and may be substituted.
• A substitute becomes a player and a player becomes a substitute when:
The referee beckons the substitute to enter the playing court.
During a time-out or an interval of play, a substitute requests the substitution
to the timer.
Uniforms
• The uniform of all team members shall consist of:
Shirts of the same dominant color front and back as the shorts. If
shirts have sleeves they must end above the elbow. Long sleeved
shirts are not permitted. All players must tuck their shirts into their
playing shorts.
T-shirts, regardless of the style, are not permitted to be worn under
the shirts.
Shorts of the same dominant color front and back as the shirts. The
shorts must end above the knee.
Socks of the same dominant color for all team members. Socks
need to be visible.
Each team member shall wear a shirt numbered on the front
and back with plain numbers, of a color contrasting with the
color of the shirt. The numbers shall be clearly visible and:
Those on the back shall be at least 20 cm high.
Those on the front shall be at least 10 cm high.
The numbers shall be at least 2 cm wide.
Teams may only use numbers 0 and 00 and from 1 to 99.
Players on the same team shall not wear the same number.
Any advertising or logo shall be at least 5 cm away from the numbers.
Other important details;
• During the game a player may wear shoes of any color combination, but
the left and right shoe must match. No flashing lights, reflective material
or other adornments are permitted.
• The following are permitted:
- Shoulder, upper arm, thigh or lower leg protective equipment if
sufficiently padded.
- Arm and leg compression sleeves.
- Headgear. It shall not cover any part of the face entirely or partially
(eyes, nose, lips etc.) and shall not be dangerous to the player wearing it
and/or to other players. The headgear shall not have opening/closing
elements around the face and/or neck and shall not have any parts
extruding from its surface.
- Knee braces.
- Protector for an injured nose, even if made of a hard material.
- Non-colored transparent mouth guard.
- Spectacles, if they do not pose a danger to other players.
- Wristbands and headbands, maximum of 10 cm wide textile
material.
- Taping of arms, shoulders, legs etc.
- Ankle braces.
Any other equipment not specifically mentioned in this article must
be approved by the FIBA Technical Commission.
Players: Injury and assistance
•In the event of injury to a player(s), the
referees may stop the game.
•If the ball is live when an injury occurs, the
referee shall not blow his whistle until the
team in control of the ball has shot for a field
goal, lost control of the ball, withheld the ball
from play or the ball has become dead. If it is
necessary to protect an injured player, the
referees may stop the game immediately.
• If the injured player cannot continue to play immediately (within
approximately 15 seconds) or if he receives treatment or if a player
receives any assistance from his own head coach, assistant
coaches, team members and/or accompanying delegation
members, he must be substituted unless the team is reduced to
fewer than 5 players on the playing court.
• Head coach, assistant coaches, substitutes, excluded players and
accompanying delegation members may enter the playing court,
only with the permission of a referee, to attend to an injured player
before he is substituted.
• A doctor may enter the playing court, without the permission of a
referee if, in the doctor's judgement, the injured player requires
immediate medical treatment
• During the game, any player who is bleeding or has an open wound
must be substituted. He may return to the playing court only after
the bleeding has stopped and the affected area or open wound has
been completely and securely covered.
• If the injured player or any player who is bleeding or has an open
wound, recovers during a time-out taken by either team, before the
timer’s signal for the substitution, that player may continue to play.
Captain: Duties and powers
The captain (CAP) is a player designated by his head coach to
represent his team on the playing court. He may communicate in a
courteous manner with the referees during the game to obtain
information only whenRULE
the ball
FOURis dead and the game clock is stopped.
– PLAYING
REGULATIONS
The captain shall inform the crew chief no later than 15 minutes
following the end of the game, if his team is protesting against the
result of the game and sign the scoresheet in the 'Captain's signature
in case of protest' column.
RULE FOUR – PLAYING
REGULATIONS
Playing time, tied score and overtime
• The game shall consist of 4 quarters of 10 minutes each.
• There shall be an interval of play of 20 minutes before the game is
scheduled to begin.
• There shall be the intervals of play of 2 minutes between the first
and second quarter (first half), between the third and fourth quarter
(second half) and before each overtime.
• There shall be a half-time interval of play of 15 minutes.
• If the score is tied at the end of the fourth quarter, the game shall
continue with as many overtimes of 5 minutes duration each as
necessary to break the tie.
• If the aggregated score of both games for a 2-games home and
away total points series competition system is tied at the end of the
second game, this game shall continue with as many overtimes of 5
minutes duration each as necessary to break the tie.
• If a foul is committed during an interval of play, any eventual free
throw(s) shall be administered before the beginning of the following
quarter or overtime.
• If a foul is committed during an interval of play, any eventual free
throw(s) shall be administered before the beginning of the following
quarter or overtime.
Beginning and end of a quarter, overtime or the
game
• The first quarter begins when the ball leaves the hand(s) of the crew
chief on the toss for the jump ball in the center circle.
• All other quarters or overtimes begin when the ball is at the disposal
of the player taking the throw-in.
• The game cannot begin if one of the teams is not on the playing
court with 5 players ready to play
• For all games, the first team named in the schedule (home team)
shall have the team bench and its own basket on the left side of the
scorer’s table, facing the playing court. However, if the 2 teams
agree, they may interchange the team benches and/or baskets
• Before the first and third quarter, teams are entitled to warm-up in
the half of the playing court in which their opponents' basket is
located.
• Teams shall exchange baskets for the second half.
• In all overtimes the teams shall continue to play towards the same
baskets as in the fourth quarter.
Status of the ball
• The ball can be either live or dead.
• The ball becomes live when:
- During the jump ball, the ball leaves the hand(s) of the crew chief on the
toss.
- During the jump ball, the ball leaves the hand(s) of the crew chief on the
toss.
- During a free throw, the ball is at the disposal of the free-throw shooter
- During a throw-in, the ball is at the disposal of the player taking the
throw-in.
• The ball becomes dead when:
- Any field goal or free throw is made.
- A referee blows his whistle while the ball is live.
• It is apparent that the ball will not enter the basket on a free throw
which is to be followed by:
- Another free throw(s).
- A further penalty (free throw(s) and/or possession).
• The game clock signal sounds for the end of the quarter or
overtime.
• The shot clock signal sounds while a team is in control of the ball.
• The ball does not become dead and the goal counts if made when:
The ball is in flight on a shot for a field goal and:
- A referee blows his whistle.
- The game clock signal sounds for the end of the quarter or
overtime.
- The shot clock signal sounds.
• The ball is in the control of a player in the act of shooting for a field
goal who finishes his shot with a continuous motion which started
before a foul is charged on any opponents’ player or on any person
permitted to sit on the opponents’ team bench.
Location of a player and a referee
• The location of a player is determined by where he is touching the
floor.
• While he is airborne, he retains the same status he had when he last
touched the floor. This includes the boundary line, the center line,
the 3-point line, the free-throw line, the lines delimiting the
restricted area and the lines delimiting the no-charge semi-circle
area.
• The location of a referee is determined in the same manner as that
of a player. When the ball touches a referee, it is the same as
touching the floor at the referee's location.
Time-out
• Each time-out shall last 1 minute.
• A time-out may be granted during a time-out opportunity.
• A time-out opportunity begins when:
- For both teams, the ball becomes dead, the game clock is stopped
and the referee has ended his communication with the scorer's
table
- For both teams, the ball becomes dead following a successful last
free throw
- For the non-scoring team, a field goal is scored.
• Each team may be granted:
- 2 time-outs during the first half.
- 3 time-outs during the second half with a maximum of 2 of these
time-outs when the game clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the
fourth quarter.
- 1 time-out during each overtime.
• Unused time-outs may not be carried over to the next half or
overtime.
• A time-out is charged on the team whose head coach first made a
request unless the time-out is granted following a field goal scored
by the opponents and without an infraction having been called.
Substitution
• A substitution opportunity begins when:
- For both teams, the ball becomes dead, the game clock is stopped
and the referee has ended his communication with the scorer's
table.
- For both teams, the ball becomes dead following a successful last
free throw
- For the non-scoring team, a field goal is scored when the game
clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the fourth quarter and in each
overtime.
• If the player receives any treatment or any assistance, he must be
substituted unless the team is reduced to fewer than 5 players on
the playing court
Free throws
• On a free throw, the opponents are given the best positions to get
the rebound.
• The players must position themselves according to the marks
around the key/lane.
• Only two players from the team doing the free throw is allowed to
take position around the key/lane, one on each side.
• The opposing team is allowed to have 3 players positioned around
the key/lane. 2 on each side closest to the basket, and one on either
side closest to the free thrower.
• All other players must be behind the three -point line.
FREE THROW RULES
• For a personal foul, the fouled individual must take the free throw unless
the player is injured. On a technical foul, the free throw may be attempted
by any player of the opposing team, including an entering substitute.
• The free thrower or any player beyond the three-point arc may not enter
the free-throw lane until the ball touches the ring or backboard. However,
all players who are lined up in marked lane spaces may enter the key/lane
once the free thrower releases the ball.
• If the free thrower crosses the free-throw lane before the ball touches
the ring or backboard, the shot does not count. And one of the players
from the opposing team outside the three-point line enter the key/lane
before the ball touches the ring or backboard, the free thrower gets
another attempt at the free throw. The same applies if the players lined
out around the key/lane enters the key/lane before the free thrower
releases the ball.
RULE FIVE – VIOLATIONS
Definition
• A violation is an infraction of the rules

Penalty
• The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the
place nearest to the infraction, except directly behind the
backboard, unless otherwise stated in these rules.
Player out-of-bounds and ball out-of-bounds
• A player is out-of-bounds when any part of his body is in contact
with the floor, or any object other than a player above, on or outside
the boundary line.
The ball is out-of-bounds when it touches:
• A player or any other person who is out-of-bounds.
• The floor or any object above, on or outside the boundary line.
• The backboard supports, the back of the backboards or any object
above the playing court.
• The ball is caused to go out-of-bounds by the last player to touch or
be touched by the ball before it goes out-of-bounds, even if the ball
then goes out-of-bounds by touching something other than a
player.
• If the ball is out-of-bounds because of touching or being touched by
a player who is on or outside the boundary line, this player causes
the ball to go out-of-bounds.
• If a player(s) move(s) to out-of-bounds or to his backcourt during a
held ball, a jump ball situation occurs.
Dribbling
• A dribble is the movement of a live ball caused by a player in control of
that ball who throws, taps, rolls or bounces the ball on the floor.

The following are not dribbles:

• Successive shots for a field goal.
• Fumbling the ball at the beginning or at the end of a dribble.
• Attempts to gain control of the ball by tapping it from the vicinity of other
players.
• Tapping the ball from the control of another player.
• Deflecting a pass and gaining control of the ball.
• Tossing the ball from hand to hand and allowing it to come to rest in one
or both hands before touching the floor, provided that no travelling
violation is committed.
• Throwing the ball against the backboard and regaining the control of the
ball.
Travelling
• Travelling is the illegal movement of one
foot or both feet beyond the limits
outlined in this article, in any direction,
while holding a live ball on the playing
court.
• A pivot is the legal movement in which a
player who is holding a live ball on the
playing court steps once or more than
once in any direction with the same foot,
while the other foot, called the pivot foot,
is kept at its point of contact with the
floor
Here are some of the common illegal movements that constitute a
traveling violation in most basketball leagues.
• Lifting of the pivot foot if one has been established. And returning it to
the floor before passing or shooting.
• Lifting of the pivot foot before releasing the ball to dribble.
• Lifting both feet from the floor (jumping) and returning either foot to the
floor before passing or shooting.
• Dragging or sliding the pivot foot.
• Dragging or sliding either foot if no pivot foot is available.
• A fall to the floor without maintaining a pivot foot.
• Rolling on the floor.
3 seconds
• A player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area for more
than 3 consecutive seconds while his team is in control of a live ball in
the frontcourt and the game clock is running.
Allowances must be made for a player who:
• Makes an attempt to leave the restricted area.
• Is in the restricted area when he or his team-mate is in the act of
shooting and the ball is leaving or has just left the player's hand(s) on the
shot for a field goal.
• Dribbles in the restricted area to shoot for a field goal after having
been there for less than 3 consecutive seconds.
To establish himself outside the restricted area, the player must place
both feet on the floor outside the restricted area.
Closely guarded player
• A player who is holding a live ball on the playing court is closely
guarded when an opponent is in an active legal guarding position at a
distance of no more than 1 m.
A closely guarded player must pass, shoot or dribble the ball within 5
seconds.
8 seconds
This refers to when the team with possession does not advance the
ball out of the backcourt past the half-court line in 8 seconds or less.
Once the team inbounds the ball, they have no more than eight
seconds to advance the ball past mid-court.
If the team is charged with an 8-second violation, they then give
possession to their opponent and are charged with a turnover.
The change to the 8-second format has helped to speed-up the
game, in addition helps to promote more offense
24 seconds

• This occurs when the offensive team in basketball either does not
attempt a shot or attempts a shot that does not at least hit the rim
or goes in the basket within the 24-second shot clock. Only the
NBA, WNBA and FIBA basketball game’s shot clock is 24 seconds
long.
Interference
Interference occurs when:
• After a shot for a field goal or the last free throw a player touches the
basket or the backboard while the ball is in contact with the ring.
• After a free throw followed by an additional free throw(s), a player touches
the ball, the basket or the backboard while there is still a possibility that
the ball will enter the basket.
• A player reaches through the basket from below and touches the ball.
• A defensive player touches the ball or the basket while the ball is within
the basket, thus preventing the ball from passing through the basket.
• A player causes the basket to vibrate or grasps the basket in such a way
that, in the judgement of a referee, the ball has
been prevented from entering the basket or has been caused to enter the
basket.
• A player grasps the basket and plays the ball
Screening: Legal and illegal
Screening is an attempt to delay or prevent an opponent
without the ball from reaching a desired position on the
playing court.
Legal screening is when the player who is screening an
opponent:
• Was stationary (inside his cylinder) when contact occurred.
• Had both feet on the floor when contact occurred.

Illegal screening is when the player who is screening an

opponent:
• Was moving when contact occurred.
• Did not give sufficient distance in setting a screen outside the
field of vision of a stationary opponent when contact occurred.
• Did not respect the elements of time and distance of an
Charging
• Charging is illegal personal contact, with or without the ball, by
pushing or moving into an opponent’s torso.

Blocking
• A blocking foul is called when one player uses their body to prevent the
movement of another player. This is often called when the defensive player
is trying to draw a charge, but does not have their feet set or initiates the
contact.
Hand Check
• A hand check foul is called when a player uses their hands to impede or
slow the movement of another player. This is usually called on the
defensive player covering the player with the ball on the perimeter.

Holding
• Similar to a hand check foul, but is generally called when a player grabs
another player and holds on to prevent them from moving.

Illegal Hand Use

• This foul is called for any use of the hands on another player that the referee
thinks is illegal. It's generally called when you hit another player on the arm
during shooting or when trying to steal the ball.
Pushing
• Pushing is illegal personal contact with any part of the body where a
player forcibly moves or attempts to move an opponent with or
without the ball.

Fake being fouled

• Fake is any action by a player to simulate that he has been fouled or
to make theatrical exaggerated movements in order to create an
opinion of being fouled and thereforegaining an advantage.
Unsportsmanlike foul
An unsportsmanlike foul is a player contact which, in the judgement
of a referee is:
• Contact with an opponent and not legitimately attempting to
directly play the ball within the spirit and intent of the rules.
• Excessive, hard contact caused by a player in an effort to play the
ball or an opponent.
• An unnecessary contact caused by the defensive player in order to
stop the progress of the offensive team in transition. This applies
until the offensive player begins his act of shooting.
An illegal contact caused by the player from behind or laterally on an
opponent, who is progressing towards the opponent’s basket and there
are no other players between the progressing player, the ball and the
basket. This applies until the offensive player begins his act of shooting.
• Contact by the defensive player on an opponent on the playing court
when the game clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the fourth quarter
and in each overtime, when the ball is out-of-bounds for a throw-in and
still in the hands of the referee or at the disposal of the player taking the
throw-in.

The referee must interpret the unsportsmanlike fouls consistently

throughout the game and to judge only the action.
Disqualifying foul

• A disqualifying foul is any flagrant unsportsmanlike action by

players, substitutes, head coaches, assistant coaches, excluded
players and accompanying delegation members.
• A head coach who has received a disqualifying foul shall be replaced
by the first assistant coach as entered on the scoresheet. If no first
assistant coach is entered on the scoresheet, he shall be replaced
by the captain (CAP).
Violence
• Acts of violence may occur during the game, contrary to the spirit of
sportsmanship and fair play. These should be stopped immediately by the
referees and, if necessary, by public order enforcement officers.
• Whenever acts of violence occur involving players on the playing court or
in its vicinity, the referees shall take the necessary action to stop them.
• Any of the above persons who are guilty of flagrant acts of aggression on
opponents or referees shall be disqualified. The crew chief must report
the incident to the organizing body of the competition.
• Public order enforcement officers may enter the playing court only if
requested to do so by the referees. However, should spectators enter the
playing court with the obvious intention of committing acts of violence,
the public order enforcement officers must intervene immediately to
protect the teams and referees.
• Physical actions by players or any person permitted to sit on the
team bench, which could lead to damaging of game equipment,
must not be permitted by the referees.
• When behaviour of this nature is observed by the referees, the head
coach of the offending team shall be given a warning. Should the
action(s) be repeated, a technical or even disqualifying foul shall
immediately be called on the individual(s) involved.
Fighting
• Fighting is physical interaction between 2 or more opponents
(players, substitutes, head coaches, assistant coaches, excluded
players and accompanying delegation members).
• This article only applies to the substitutes, head coaches, assistant
coaches, excluded players and accompanying delegation members
who leave the confines of the team bench area during a fight or
during any situation which may lead to a fight.