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    Final Year Project Proposal

    Uploaded by

    Marwa Qasim
    This project proposal outlines a system to detect faults on transmission lines and locate the distance to faults using an impedance-based algorithm. The system uses current and voltage transformers connected to the transmission line to sense signals fed to a PIC16F877 microcontroller for analysis. A GSM modem would send fault information and location via message to allow technicians to quickly address issues. The goal is to automate fault detection and location to reduce response time and equipment damage from transmission line faults.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Final Year Project Proposal

    Uploaded by

    Marwa Qasim
    19 views5 pages
    This project proposal outlines a system to detect faults on transmission lines and locate the distance to faults using an impedance-based algorithm. The system uses current and voltage transformers connected to the transmission line to sense signals fed to a PIC16F877 microcontroller for analysis. A GSM modem would send fault information and location via message to allow technicians to quickly address issues. The goal is to automate fault detection and location to reduce response time and equipment damage from transmission line faults.

    Original Description:

    Propsal of fault detection line

    Original Title

    final year project proposal

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    This project proposal outlines a system to detect faults on transmission lines and locate the distance to faults using an impedance-based algorithm. The system uses current and voltage transformers connected to the transmission line to sense signals fed to a PIC16F877 microcontroller for analysis. A GSM modem would send fault information and location via message to allow technicians to quickly address issues. The goal is to automate fault detection and location to reduce response time and equipment damage from transmission line faults.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    19 views5 pages

    Final Year Project Proposal

    Uploaded by

    Marwa Qasim
    This project proposal outlines a system to detect faults on transmission lines and locate the distance to faults using an impedance-based algorithm. The system uses current and voltage transformers connected to the transmission line to sense signals fed to a PIC16F877 microcontroller for analysis. A GSM modem would send fault information and location via message to allow technicians to quickly address issues. The goal is to automate fault detection and location to reduce response time and equipment damage from transmission line faults.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Project proposal

    “Transmission line fault detection and distance location using E-Tap.”

    Group # 16

    Submitted to:
    Engr. Sumayya

    Department of Electrical Engineering, University College of


    Engineering & Technology BZU Multan.

    Introduction:
    The Electric Power System is divided into many different sections. One of which is
    the transmission system, where power is transmitted from generating stations
    and substations via transmission lines into consumers. Both methods could
    encounter various types of malfunctions is usually referred to as a “Fault”. Fault is
    simply defined as a number of undesirable but unavoidable incidents can
    temporarily disturb the stable condition of the power system that occurs when
    the insulation of the system fails at any point.

    A smart GSM based fault detection and location system was used to adequately
    and accurately indicate and locate the fault had occurred. This will ensure a
    shorter response time for technical crew to rectify these faults and thus help save
    transformers from damage and disasters.

    Objective:
    To detect faults, analyses and classifies these faults and then, calculates the fault
    distance from the control room using an impedance-based algorithm method.

    Components:
    1. Current transformer
    2. Voltage transformer
    3. PIC 16F877 Microcontroller
    4. RS-232 connector
    5. GSM modem

    Technical Background
    THE PIC16F877 MICROCONTROLLER:
    Programmable Intelligent Computer (PIC) is a family of Harvard architecture
    microcontrollers made by Microchip Technology, derived from the PIC1640
    originally developed by the General Instrument’s Microelectronics Division.

    It also has a large number of pins (40 pins) with a maximum of three functions per
    pin.

    The above mentioned desirable characteristic of the PIC16F877 microcontroller


    coupled with the fact that, it has in-built Analog to Digital Converter and sufficient
    program memory to store the control algorithm, have largely affected its choice
    for a design of automatic fault detection and location systems discussed at this
    work.
    Fig no 1 (PIC 16F877)

    GSM MODEM:
    A modem (modulator-demodulator) is a device which modulates the analog
    carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates a carrier signal
    to decode the transmitted information. Its aim is to produce a signal that can be
    easily transmitted and decoded to reproduce the original digital data. An antenna
    and a power adapter were provided. The basic partition or working of the modem
    is as follows:

     Its Voice calls

     The Short Message Service(SMS)

     An GSM Data calls

     General Packet Radio Services (GPRS)


    Fig no 2(GSM modem)

    RS-232 Connectors:
    RS232 connector is a port used for data exchange between equipment. It was
    designed for data exchange between DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) or PC and
    DCE (Data Communication Equipment) or MODEM. ... Although RS232 is later
    replaced by faster USB (Universal Serial Bus) it is still popular in some areas.

    Fig no 3 (RS-232 connectors)


    Methodology:

    Fig no 4 (block diagram)

    Working:
    The set up or field device consists of 3 major components, instrument
    transformer (CT and VT), GSM modem and microcontroller. The primaries of the
    CT and VT which are connected to the line sense the corresponding current and
    voltage values of the system and feed the output to the ADC of the
    microcontroller which converts the signal to a digital form in order to be
    processed by the CPU of the microcontroller.

    Conclusion:
    In conclusion, the time required to locate a fault is drastically reduced, as the
    system automatically and accurately provides accurate fault location information.
    By using this project, we can detect the faults of three phase transmission lines
    one can monitor the Temperature, Voltage, Current by means of GSM modem by
    sending message.

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