QUESTION

Q2) The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called_ NEET 20191

I a) to reduce CO2 emissions and global warming I♦ Try Again

b) for conservation of bi od iversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits Ocor r e ct

I c) to assess threat posed to native species by invasiveweed species I+ Try Ag, ai

I d) for immediate steps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone layer ; Try Again

SOLUTION

Earth Summit (Rio Summit}-1992, called upon all nations to take appropriate measuresfor conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits

Answer• (b)

QUESTION

Q2) The Earth Summ it held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called [NEET 2019]

a) to reduce CO2 em issions and global warm ing

b) fo r conservat ion of biodiversity and sustainable ut ilizat ion of its benefits )

c) to assess thr eat posed to nat ive species by invasive weed species

d) for imm ediate st eps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging th e ozone layer

HIDE
Earth Summit (Rio Summit)-1992, called upon all nations to take appropriate measures for conservation of biodiversity and sustainableutilisation of its benefits
Answe r : (bl

QUESTION

Q3) Which of the followingprotocols did aim for reducing emissionof chlorofluorocarbonsinto the atmosphere? [NEET 2019]

a) Montr eal Protoco l )

b) Kyoto Protocol J
c) Gothenburg Proto col J
d) Geneva Protoco l J
HIDE

n-he Montreal Protocol sets binding progressive phase out obligations for developed and developing countries for all the

major zone depleting substances, including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons and less damaging transitional chemicals

such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons {HCFCs).

lA.dopted on 15 September 1987

lA.nswer • (d)
QUESTION

Q4) Identify the correct pair representing the causative agent of typhoid fever and the confirmatory test for typhoid. [NEET

2019]

a) Pfasmodium vivax I UTT t est J

b) Str:eptococcus pneumoniae I Widal t est J
c) Safm oneffa typhi I Anthr one t est J

d) Salm onella typhi I Widal t est J

HIDE

Salmonella typhi is the causative agent. Confirmatory test = WidaI test, it's based on antigen antibody reaction. Answe r • (d)

QUESTION

Q5) Which of these following methods is the most suitable for disposal of nuclear waste? [NEET 2019]

a) Shoot the waste int o space J

b) Bury the waste under Antarct ic ice-cover

c) Dump the waste within rocks under deep ocean

d) Bury the waste within rocks deep below the Earth's surfa ce

Explanation is provided , please click on

HIDE

Storage of nuclear waste should be done in suitably shielded containers and buried within rocks deep below the earth's

surface (500 m deep)

Answer• (d)
6) World Ozone Day is celebrated on [NEET 2018]

a) 16 th September J
b) 21 st Apr il

c) 5th June

d) 22 nd Apr il )

HIDE

!Ans wer : (a)

QUESTION

7) Which of the following is a secondary pollutant ?

a) S0 2 J
b) CO2

c) CO J
d) 0 3 J
HIDE
Primary pollutants include ammonia, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide_

Answer : (d)

QUESTION

8) In stratosphere, which of the following elements acts as a catalyst in degradation of ozone and release of molecu lar oxygen

c) Carbon )

d) Oxy gen )

HIDE

Answer: (b)

pr evio us next
QUESTION

Q9) Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :

Column I Column II

a . Eutrophication i. UV-B rad iation

b. Sanitary landfill ii. Defores tation

c. Snow blind ness iii. Nu trient e nrichme nt

d. Jhum cultivat ion iv. Waste disposal

a) a _, iii; b _, iv; c _, i; d _, IT;

b) a _, i; b _, iii; c _, iv; d _, IT; )

c) a -, IT; b -, i; c-, iii; d -, iv; )

d) a -, i; b -, IT ; c-, iv; d -, iii;

HIDE

v\nswe r • (a)

QUESTION

Q10) Montreal protocol was signed in 1987 for control of .. [NEE T 2020]

a) Release of Green House gases )

b) Disposal of e- wast es )

c) Tran sport of Genetically m odified organism s from one country to an o th er

d) Em ission of ozone depleting substanc es

HIDE
 0 11) Most importantcausative pollutant of water that changes its pH is....[A.M.U. 1998]

a) Plastic J
b) Glass junk J
c ) I ron junk J
d) Detergents J
H IDE
odegradable which does not cause changein pH. Whereas detergents releasedfromthe domestic sewage,as well as the industrial effluents, result in the increasing the inorganicmin

previous J
 0 12)Match the columns ......[Kerala2005]

a. DD T i. CO, CO2

b. PAN ii. Smog

c. Acid rain iii. Biological magnification

d. Global warming iv. SO2

a) a - iv, b - iii, c - ii, d - i J

b) a - i, b - iii , c - ii, d - iv J
c ) a - ii, b - iii , c - iv, d - i J
d) a - iii , b - ii, c - iv, d - i J
H IDE
the fat of animals and takes manyyears to break k:lo wn, and as the fat is consumed by predators, the amounts of DDT biomagnify
reactionof sunlight,nitrogenoxides and volatlie

d ground-level ozone primary pollutantsinclude nitrogen oxides,particularlynitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and volatlie organic compounds.The relevant econdary pollu
ds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released

erethey mix and react with water, oxygen, and other hemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
tsand greenhousegases collect in the atmosphere
urface l-6.ns wer• (d)
 Q13) Aerosols having carbon and fluorine compounds are chiefly released by _ [A.M.U. 1997]

a) Re fine ries

b) Aut o mo biles )

c) Ind us t ries J

d) Jets J
H I DE
Refineries, automobiles and industries release the oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen.
The propellants used for jet engine release the halogenated paraffin compounds called fluorocarbons and chlorofluorocarbons. Answer• (d)

QUESTION

14) Blue-balby syndrome results from [CB S.E. 2006]

a) Excess of TDS

b) Excess of ch lo ri des

c) Excess of d isso l ve d oxygen J

d) Met ha e mo g lo b in )

HIDE
of nitrate in drinking water is unsafe for human health and fatal for infants. It reacts with haemoglobin and forms non­unctional melhaemoglobin that impairs oxygen transport. This is called blue baby sy
e r • (d)
 QUESTION

Q15) Most inhabitants of Kolkata suffer from bronchitis. It is due to excess _

[ J.I.P.M.E.R. 1999]

a) Adult eratio n of food J

b) Imp ur ity o f water )

l c) Pollut ed air )

d) Pollut ed soil )

HIDE

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of your bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from your lungs _

Causes for bronchitis are as follows:

1) a virus, for example , a cold or flu virus a bacterial infection

2) exposure to substances that irritate the lungs, such as tobacco smoke, dust, fumes, vapors, and air pollution

3) genetic

factors Answer:

(c)

QUESTION

Q16) Pollution caused by persistent pesticides is more hazardous to_______[Har. P.M.T 2007]

a) Herbivo res

b) Producers

c) First level carnivores )

d) Top carnivores J
HIDE

Biomagnification, also known as lbioamp li fication or biological magnification, is any concentration of a toxin, such as pesticides,

in the tissues of tolerant organis ms at successively higher levels in a food chain_

Since persistant pesticides magnify in higher level of food chain_ It is m ore hazardous in top carnivores_

Answer : (d)
QUESTION

Q17) In human body chlorinated hydrocarbons accumulate in [ C.E.T Chd 2010]

a) Bones J
b) Brain J
c) Fatt y tiss ue )

d) S kin )

HIDE

Chlorinated hydrocarbons are not soluble in water. T hey tend to combine with the adipose or the fatfy tissues in the body of

!ani mals , in cluding the humans_

v\nswer • (c)

QUESTION

Q18) Increase in atmospheric temperature due to carbon dioxide is [ JK C.M.E.E. 2008]

a) Pasteur effect )

b) Bl ackman e ff ec t )

c) Emerson effec t )

d) Green-house effect )

H IDE

lf he greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface_

lf empe rature of earth's surface increases because of green house gases such as carbon

dioxide_ n swer • (d)

 19) For clean environment, which one is non essential [ W.B. 20121

a) Pro ducer

b) Polluter )

c) Consumer

d) Deco m p oser )

HIDE
onsume the organic food prepared by he producer and will also make an equilibrium in the environment by being a part of the nutrient cycle. A decomposer will breakdown the dead org anic from the d
1

difficult for the biotic and abiotic

QUESTION

20) Air pollution is not caused by _ [ C.P.M.T. 20021

a) Pollen grains )

b) Hydro elec tr ic power )

c) I ndu str ies )

d) Aut om ob iles J
H I DE
Hydroelectric power is the cleanest form of energy. It does not emit any pollutants. lA.utom obiles and industries emit pollutants like oxide of nitrogen, sulphur and carbon.
Pollen grain are not pollutant but are known allergens and when inhaled by person can result in difficulty in breath ing.

lA.n swer • (b)

21) BOD is measure of [C.B.S.E. 2012]

a) I ndustrial wast e being poured in wat er body

b) Ext ent of po llubio n wit h organic compounds

c) CO combined with haem oglobin

d) 02 required by green plant s during night

HIDE

BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen requi red lo remove waste organic maller from waler in the process of

decomposition by aerobic bacteria (those bacteria that live only in an environment containing oxyge n). BOD is used, often in

wastewater-treatment plants, as an index of the degree of organic pollution in water.

Answer• (b)

QUESTION

22) Maximum damage to forest cover is caused by

_ _ [ MP PM T. 2012]

a) Edaphic fact ors

b) Clim ate factors

c) Biotic factors J
d) Phy siographic fact ors )

HIDE

v\nswe r • (c)
 Q23) UV radiations bring about [ Ha r P.MT 1994]

a) Skin cancer )

b) Mo uth cancer J
c) Lung cancer J
d) Liver cancer )

HIDE
skin, damage to skin cells and various types o1i skin cancers. In human eye, cornea absorbs UV-B radiation, and a high dose of UV-B causes inflammation of cornea, called snow-blindness, ta

QUESTION

Q24) Methane gas producing field is [Har .PM.T. 2000]

a) Wheat field )

b) Paddy field J
c) Cott on field )

d) Groundnut field J
HIDE

Trad itional llice production globally accounts for about 1.5% of greenhouse gas emissions, equivalent to all aviation emissions.

Its somce is methane, created by mganic matter decomposing underwater in flooded paddies

Answer• (bl
 Q26) Select the correct statementabout particulate matter [ A.1.1.M.S. 2012]

a) 1 0 um sizes creat es seve re lung disease

b) Mo re than 2..5 µm gets t rapped in lung s and cause pr oblem s

c) Less than 2..5 µm penetrat es deep int o lungs

d) NONE J
HIDE
or less in diameter (PM 2 5) are responsible for causing the greatest harm to human health. These fine particulates can be inhaled deep into the lungs and can ause breathing and respira

QUESTION

Q25) Ultra-viole1light causes [ B.H.U 1990]1

a) Form ati on of pyrim idine

b) St icky metapha ses )

c) Photodynamic action )

d) Des tru ction of hydrogen bonds bet ween complem entary DNA St rands

HIDE
ary DNA strands. This results in thymine base pairs next o each other in genetic sequences to bond together into pyrimidine dimers, a disruption in the strand, which reproduotive enzymes
 Q16) Pollution caused by persistent pesticides is more hazardous to _ [Har. P.M.T. 2007]

a) Herbivores )

b) Pro ducers

c) First level carnivores J

d) Top carnivores J
HIDE
agnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is any concentration o1i a toxin, such as pesticides, in the tissues of tolerant organisms at successively higher levels in a foo
persistant pesticides magnify in higher level of food chain_ It is more hazardous in top carnivores_

• (d)

QUESTION

Q17) In human body chlorinated hydrocarbons accumulate in _ [ C.E.T Chd 2010]

a) Bones

b) Brain )

c) Fatty bissue

d) Skin )

HIDE

Chlorinated hydrocarbons are not soluble in water. They tend to combine with the adipose or the fatty tissues in the body of

nimals, including the humans _

ns wer : (c)
0 18)Increase in atmospherictemperaturedue to carbon dioxide is ....[JK C.M.E.E. 2008)

a) Pasteur effect J
b) Blackm an effect J
c ) Emerso n effect J
d) G r ee n - h o u se e ff e ct J
IO correct l

H IDE
The greenhouseeffect is a natural process that warms the Earth'ssurface.

Temperature of earth's surface increasesbecause of green housegases suchas carbon dioxide.

Answer • (d)
 19) For clean environment, which one is non essential [ W B. 2012] a)

Pro ducer J
b) Polluter J
c) Consumer

d) Deco m p ose r )

HIDE
brium in the environment by being a part of the nutrient cycle. A decomposer will breakdown the dead organic from the dead bodies of producer and consumer. Sn, these are required in a functional ec

previous next

QUESTION

20) Air pollution is not caused by [C P.MT. 2002]

a) Pollen grains )

b) Hydro electr ic power J

c) I ndu str ies J
d) Aut om obiles )

HIDE
Hydroelectric power is the cleanest form of energy. It does not emit any pollutants. utomobiles and industries emit pollutants like oxide of nitrogen, sulphur and carbon.
Pollen grain are not pollutant but are known allergens and when inhaled by person can result in difficulty in breathing _

n swer • (b)
 Q21) BOD is measure of _ _ _ [CBSE_ 2012]

a) I ndustr ial waste being poured in wat er body

b) Ext ent of pollubion with organic compounds J

c ) CO co m bined with haem oglobin J

d) 02 r equired by green plant s dur ing night

HIDE
waste organic matter from water in the process of decomposition by aerobic bacteria (those bacteria that live on ly in an environmen t containing oxygen)_ 1800 is used, often in wastewater-treatment

QUESTION

Q22) Maximum damage to forest cover is caused lby _ _ _ _ [M P P MT 2012]

a) Edaph ic fact ors

b) Clim at e fact ors )

c) Biot ic fact or s

d) Phy sio graphic fact

ors HIDE

Answer• (c)

QUESTION

Q27) Air pollution affects _ _ [M P P M T 1997]

a) Leav es J
b) Ro ot s )

c)St em J
d) F lo wers J
H IDE
L ea ves are stomata via which gas exchange as well as transpiration occurs, henoe air pollution mostly affects leaves _

swer : (a}
28) In domestic sewage, suspended solids, colloidal and dissolved materials constitute........[AM.U. 2012]

a) 10% J
b) 5 .6 % j
c) 2.7% J
d) 0 . 1 % j
HIDE

mere 0.1 per cent impurities make domestic sewage unfit for human use

nswer• (d)
Q29) Green -house gases are

a) Abso rbs of long- wav e radiat ions from eart h

b) Transparent t o both sol ar radiat io ns and long- wave radiat ions fr om eart h

c) Abso rbers of sol ar radiation s for warm ing the atm osphere of eart h

d) Transparent to em issions fr om earth passage int o outer space )

HIDE

olar radiation do not worm atmosphere directly while reac hing earth, radiation makes surface of the earth hot, which radiates

he outgoing long wavelength radiation emitted by the Earth is partially to totally absorbed by the greenhouse gases of water

apor (H20 ), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (IN20), and tropospheric ozone (03) Answer• (a)

QUESTION

Q30) Modes of controlling pollution in large cities include _ _ [ M_P_P_MT 2010)

a) Cleanliness and less use of insec tiaides

b) Pro per dispo sal of organic wa st es, se wage and industr ial eff uent s

c) Broader roads and shift ing of factor ies out of the residential ar eas

HIDE

swer : (d}
 Q31) A hyper metal accumulator is _ _ [ Odisha 2004]

a) Daucus carota )

b) Nicotia na t abacum )

c) Arabidop is

d) Thlaspi goesingensis )

HIDE
entrations of metals, absorbing these metals through their roots, and concentrating extremely high levels of metals in their tissues. These hyperac cumulationgenes (HA genes) are found in

QUESTION

Q32) Match the columns [Kerala 2009]

a. CO2 1. 292 ppm

b.CH4 2. 316 ppm

C. N20 3. 368 ppm

d.CFC +HFC 4. 1750ppm

a) a - 3, b - 4 , c - 2, d - 1

b) a - 1, b - 4 , c - 2, d - 3 J
c) a - 4 , b - 3, c - 2, d - 1

d) a - 2, b - 3, c - 4 , d - 1 )

HIDE

nswer : (c)
 Q33) MIC and Chernobyl tragedies occurred at..........[C.B.S.E. 1996)

a) Bhopal 1984 , Ukraine 1990 J

b)Bhopal 1984 , Ukraine 1988 J
c ) Bhopal 1984 , Ukraine 1986 )

d) Bhopal 1986 , Russia 1988 )

HIDE

he Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident in India, considered the world's worst industrial disaster. It occurred in

December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Over 500,000 people

ere exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. The Chernobyl disaster was a catastrophic nuclear

ccident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. An explosion and fire released

large uantities of radioactiveparticles into the atmosphere, which spread over much of the western USSR and Europe

nswer • (c)

Q34) Minamata disease first occurred in _ [ Odisha 2011]

a) Japan J
b) Russia J
c) Ch i n a

d) Korea J
HIDE
11amata City in Kumamoto prefed ure, Japan in 1956. It was caused by the release f methylmercury in the industrial wastewater (point source pollution) from the Chisso Corporation's chem

QUESTION

Q35) Green house gases include [ Manipur 2005]

a) CO2, CFC, CH4, N20 )

b) CO2, 02, N2 , N02, NH3 J

c) CH4, N2, CO2, NH3 J

d) CFC, CO2, NH3, N2 )

HIDE
Carbon dioxide(CO2), methane (CH4), chlorofluo rocarbons (CFCs) and N2O are green house gases

nswer : (a}
 Q36) What are oorreot? _ _ _ l[K erala 2009]

a _ Benzene hexach loride is non-biodegradable pollutant

b_ Anthropogenic air pollutants are natural in origin

c_ Carbon monoxide is primary air pollutant

d_ S02 causes brown air effect during traffic congestio n in cilties

a) a, b

b) a, c )

c) b, c

d) c, d j
HIDE
nae, gammaxene, Gammallin and sometimes incorrectly called benzene hexachloride (BHC), is an organochlorine chemical. Lindane is a persistent organic pollutant: it is relative ly long-livedin t
_ produced directly by human activities

d from a process, such as ash from a volcanic eruption, the carlbon monoxide as tram a motor vehicle exhaust or sulfur dioxide released from factories_
uce brown air or reddish-brownhaze_

QUESTION

Q37) Which pigment protects plants from uv damage? [Pb P_M.T 1997]1

a) Chlorop hyll J
b) Xa nth ophyll )

c) Caro tenoids )

d) Phycocya nin J
HIDE
he carotenoids are the antioxidants which are present as the pigments in the plant oells_ The antioxidants scavenge the effect f the oxygen radicals and protect the cell from UV damage
nswer : (c)
 Q38) High BOD indicates _ _ _ [WB_ 2007]

a) Highly pollut ed wat er J

b) L ess po llut ion in wat er J

c ) L ess sewage

d) Less m icro o rgan ism s J

HIDE
BOD is used, oflen in wastewater-treatment plants, as an incie x of the degree of organic pollution in water_ H igh BOD indicates highly polluted water_
n swer : (a}

QUESTION

Q39) Fertilizers adcied to fresh water will cause [A LLMN _s_ 2002]

a) Death of plant s J
b) Decrease in fish populat ion )

c) Increase in aquat ic anim als J

d) Eutro ph ication

HIDE

swer : (d}

Q40) Which causes water pollution? _ _ [ MP_P_MT 1993]

a) S m ok e ash J
b) Aut o m o b il e e x ha us t s J
c ) Ae ro pl a n es

d) 2 , 4- D and pes tic ides J

HIDE
,4-D and pesticides run-off with rainwater in nearby water bodies and pollute it smoke ash, automobile exhausts are air

pollutant and aeroplanes contribute to noise pollution

nswer : (d}

QUESTION

Q41) The highest amount of CO2 is evolved from [B_H_U_ 2012]

a)Oce ans
 b) Rive rs J
c ) Ponds )
d) Fo res t s )
HIDE
he Earth's oceans contain a large amount of CO2 in the form of bicarbonate and carbonate ions- much more than the amount in the atmosphere_ The bicarbo
nswer : (a}

Q42) World Summit on Sustainalble Developme nt was held in

[ C.B.S.E 2008]

_ a) South Africa J
b) Brazil )

c) Argentina

d) Sweden J
HIDE
d Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg, South Africa, August 26 - September 4, 2002} was an unprecedented opportunity tto strengthen the role of health in sustainable dev
(a}

QUESTION

Q44) Flumide pollution mainly effects

_ [C.B.S E 2003]

a) Brain

b) Heart J
c) Teeth )

d) Ki dney )

HIDE
ost commonly in drinking-water, can cause fluorosis which affects the teeth and bones. Moderate mounts lead to dental effectts, lbut long-termingestion of large amounts can lead to poten
 Q45) Green house effect is due to the accumulation of _ [ DP MT 2001]

a) 03 and depletion of CO2 )

c) CO2 and deplebion of 0 3 )

d) Green plants J

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HIDE

Green house gasess are CO;,,H2O,CH4, O 3- N2O, CFC Answer• (b)

QUESTION

Q46) Most harmful pesticide is _ _ _ _ [ M_ P_ PMT 2011]

a) 2, 4 -D J
b) 2, 4, 5 - T J
c) DDT J
d) PAN

HIDE

swer : (c)

Q47) Eutrophicat ion is a type of _ _

[Tamil Nadu 2001]

a) Land pollut ion J

b) Air pollut ion )

c) Wat er pollut ion

d) Noise pollut ion J

HIDE
building o1i towns and cities, land runoff is accelerated and more nutrients such as phosphates and nitrate re supplied to lakes and rivers., and then to coastal estuaries and bays_ Extra
QUESTION

Q48) Ozone hole enhances

_ _ _ [BHU 2007]

a) UV radiat ions reaching eart h )

b) Number of catara cts J

c) Skin cancers )

HIDE

Ozone acts as a shield absorbing ultraviol,et radiation from the sun_ Ozone hole enhances UV reaching earth. UV radiation of

avelengths shorter than UV-B, are almost completely absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, given that the ozone layer is intact

But, IJV-B damages DNA and mutation may occur_ It causes aging of skin, damage to skin cells and various types o1i s kin

ncers_ I n h uma n eye, cornea absorbs UV-B radiation, and a high dose of UV-B causes inflammation of cornea, called

snow

blindness, cataract, etc. Such exposure may permanently damage the cornea.

Q49) Eutrophicat ion is excess growth of _ [D.P.M.T. 20()8]

a) Bry ophyt es )

b) Algae and aquat ic plant s )

c) Gym nosperm s

d) Pteridophyt es J
HIDE

E11t roph ication is when a body of water becomes overly enriched with minerals and nutrients which induce e:Kessive growth of

lgae. This process may result in oxygen depletion of the water body_ One example is an "algal lolo om" or great increase of

phytoplankton in a sandy body as a response to increased levels of nutrients

nswer : (lb}

QUESTION

Q50) Most abundant water pollutant is [ A.M.U. 1991]

a) Detergent s

b) Pesticides )
c) Industrial wast es J
d) Am m onia J
HIDE

Major water pollutants are pathogen, domestic waste, industrial waste and plastics. Most abundant waler pollutant is industrial aste.
nswe r : (c)
 QUESTION

Q51) Effect of pollution is marked first _ [B.H.U 2008]

in
a) Micro organ ism s J
b) Veget at ion )

c) Foo d crops

d) None J
HIDE
Plants form the base of the food level for all organisms. They requ ire atmosp heric gases for photosynthesis Thus any change in the atmosphere due to pollution is first observed in plants
nswer : (lb}
QUESTION

Q52) Aerosol is suspension of _ _ _

a) L iquid drop in air

b) Soli d part idles in air J

c ) L iquid or soli d pa rt icles of less than L Oµm

d) Liquid or solid )

HIDE
_ Aerosols can be natural or nthropogenic. Examples of natural aerosols are fog, mist, dust, forest exudates and geyser steam_ Examples of anthropogenic erosols are particulate air pollut
 QUESTION

Q53) In an area where DDT has been used extensively, bird population declined because _ _ [ C.B.S.E. 2012]

a) Birds stopped laying eggs J

b) Eart hw orm s disappeared )

c) Cobras sta rt ed feeding on birds

d) Many birds eggs did not hatch J
HIDE
High concentrations of DDT distunb calcium metabolism in birds, which causes thinning of eggshell and their premature breaking, eventually causing decline in bird
nswer : (d}
QUESTION

Q54) This is non biodegradable pollutant _ _ [KCET. 2012)

a) Sulphur dioxide

b) Oxides of nitro gen J

c) Lead vapour J
d) Se wag e J
HIDE
plastics, polythene, bags, insecticides, pesticides, mercury, lead, arsenic, metal articles like aluminum cans, synthetic Ibres, glass objects, iron products and silver foils are non-biodegradable pol
: (c)
 QUESTION

Q55) Ozone layer o1i upp er atmosphere is being destroyed by _ [ C.P.MT 2005]

a) Chloro fluro carb on )

b) S02 J

c) Photoc hem ical 02 and CO2 J

d) Smog )

HIDE
hlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) dischargedin the lower part of atmosphere move upward and reach stratosphere. In stratosphere,

UV rays act on them releasing Cl atoms. Cl degrades ozone releasing molecular oxygen, with these atoms acting merely as talysts; Cl atoms are not consumed in the
nswer : (a}
QUESTION

Q56) A chemical used in refrigerators and air conditioners and is a source of Cl- _ [Guj .GE T. 2007]

a) Benzene

b) CH4 J
c) Benzopy rene

d) Freon J
HIDE

nown as freons are used as coolant in refrigerators and air conditioners. CFCs discharged in the lower part of atmosphere move upward and reach stratosphere. In stratosphere, UV rays act
n lar oxyg,en, with these atoms acting merely as catalysts; Cl atoms are not consumed in the

nswer : (d}
 QUESTION

Q57) Pollutant which causes acid rain is.........[Pb P.M.T. 20()7]

a) SO2 J
b) CO2 J
c) CO

d) Hydro carb ons J

HIDE
compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and read with water, oxygen, and other h

QUESTION

Q58) Chief air pollutant which is likely to deplete ozone layer...........[Har PM.T 2001]

a) Sulphur dioxide

b) Carbon dioxide )

c) Carbon monoxide

d) Nitro gen ox ides and flurocarb ons J

HIDE
NitrogHnoxides and flurocarbonsare chief pollutant which is likely to deplete ozone layer

swer : (d}
 QUESTION

Q59) Which is coned ascending arrangement of BOD of sewage(S), distillery effluent(DE), paper mill effluentt( PE) and sugar

mill effluent(SE) [C B S.E 2007]

a) SE < PE < S < DE )

b) PE < S < SE < DE

c) S < DE < PE < SE J

d) SE < S < PE < DE )

HIDE

BOD of Distillery (DE) is above 90,000mg/L BOD of sewage(S) is above 600mUl it

BOD of Paper mill{PE} is above 1I70mUlit BOD of sugar mill(SE) is above 2200mUlt
swer : (lb}
QUESTION

Q60) Minamata disease is due to pollution of _ jR.P.M.T. 2()11]

a) Or ganic waste into drinking wate r )

b) Oil spill in water J

c) I n dust rial waste mercury )

d) Arsenic int o the atm osphere

HIDE
-Minamatadisease, is a neurological syndrome caused oy severe mercury poisoning. Symptoms include ataxia, numbness in the hands and feet, g1eneral muscle wealkne ss, narrowing of th
QUESTION

Q61) ASSERTION: Presently the global atmosphere is warming up

REASON: The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer has resulted in ultraviolet radiations reaching earth

AI.M.S 2005

a) Both Asse rt io n and Reas on are t ru e and Reas on is th e correct exp lanat ion of Asse rt ion

b) The Asse rt ion and Reaso n are t ru e but Reaso n is n ot correct explanation of Assert ion

c) Assert ion is tru e but, Reas on is false

d) Assert ion is false but, Reaso n is tru e

HIDE
Due to increase in rnncentration of greenhouse gases, global atmosphere is warming_ Assertion is true.

Ozone laye r in stratosphere acts as shield that protect earth's surface from UV radia tion . Depletion in ozone layer resulted in UV radiation reaching the earth_ Rea
Reason is not correot explanation to assertion as UV radiation reaching earth's surface is not resulting in global warming

swer : (lb}
QUESTION

Q62) Enzymatic fillers are used for remov ing _ [Guj C_E_T 2008]

a) Nit ro gen pollutants )

b) Chloride pollut ant s J

c) Hydrocarb ons )

d) Lead

HIDE

Hydrocarbon Removal 1iilters are designed to remove hydrocarbons and sediment contaminants 1irom groundwater

ccumulation in bunded areas, out1ialls or as part of any pollution preventative drainage solution on your site, where

hydrocarbon risk entering the environment

nswer : (c)
 Q63) In Indian city like Delhi major air pollutant is..........[A.1.1.M.S. 2008)

a) SPM J
b) SO x J
c ) NOx J
d) CO )

HIDE
ducing residential emission from solid fuels combustion and enforcing new emission tandards for power sector can lower PM2.5 levels. The implementation of emission standards fo
 Q64) Consider statements a - c about pollution

(a) To contro l air pollutio n all Delhi buses were asked to run on unleaded petrol by the end of 2002

(b) Electrostatic precipitator can remove 99% of particulate matter from thermal power plant exhaust

(c) It is possible to estimateamount of organic matter in sewage water by measuringBOD. of the above statements

.... [Kerala 2012)

a) b and c correct )
b) a alo n e co rr e ct )
c) ) b alo n e co rr e ct )
d) c a lo n e co rr e ct )
H IDE
ompressed naturalgas (CNG) All he buses of Delhi were converted to run on CNG by the end of 2002 buses were asked to run on unleadedpetrol by the end of 002
om a thermal power plant. It has electrode wires that are maintained at several thousand volts, which produce a corona that releases electrons. These lectronsattach to dust partic

ust particles. The velocity of air between the plates must be low enough to allow the dust to fall.

BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required to remove waste organic matter from water in the process of

ecomposition by aerobic bacteria. BOD is used,often in wastewater-treatment plants, as an indexof the degree of

organic

nswer • (a)
 Q65) Ozone layer o1i stratosphere requires protection from indiscriminate use of _ _ _ [A M.U. 1999]

a) Fung icides, insect icides, ba ct erioides and m edicine

b) Aer osols and high flying jet s )

c) Atomic explosions and indu str ial wast es

d) Balloons and turb o - pro p aero planes )

HIDE
nitrous oxides which can destroy ozone significant quantity being highly reactive Aerosols may be referred to the spray cans that release chlorofluorocarbons which cause the breakdow

QUESTION

Q66) Maximum ozone depletion is caused by [C _p_M _T 2009]

a) CO2 )

b) CFC

c) S 0 2 J
d) CH4 J
HIDE
part of atmosphere move upward and reach stratosphere_ In stratosphere, UV rays act on them releasing Cl atoms. Cl degrades ozone releasing molecular oxygen, with these atoms acting m

Q67) Green muffler is related to pollution of _ _ ... [A.F.M.C. 1999]

a) Air J
b) Soil J
c) Noise

d) Water )

HIDE

Green Muffler is a technique of r,educing noise pollution by planting 4-6 rows around the populated areas or noisy places like

long roadsides, industrial areas, societies near highways, etc. so that dense trees reduce noise pollution as they filter out the

noise ancl obstruct it reaching the citizens

nswer : (c)

QUESTION

Q68) One green house gas contributes 14% to total global warming and another contributes 6% , these are respectively

identified as..........[Kerala 20 10]

a) NO2, CO2 )
 b) CFC, N2 O )

c) Met hane and CFC

d) CFC , CO2 )

HIDE
Carbon dioxide contributes 60% to global warming. Methane contributes 20% to global warming_
CFC contributes 14% to global warming.
N20 contributes 6% to global warming. swer : (lb}
Q69) Correct order of biomagnification of DDT in an aquatic food chain is..........Kerala 2012

a) Water - 0.003 ppm, zooplankton - 0.5 ppm, small fish - 0.04 ppm, large fish - 2 ppm, fish eating birds -
25 ppm

b) Water - 0.003 ppm, zooplankton - 0.4 ppm, small fish - 0.5ppm, large fish - 2 ppm, fish eating birds - 25 ppm

c) Water - 0.003 ppm, fish eating birds - 25 ppm, zooplankton - 0.5 ppm, small fish - 0.04 ppm, large fish -
2.5 ppm

d) Water - 0.003 ppm large fish - 0.04 ppm, small fish - 0.5 ppm, zooplankton - 2 ppm, fish eating birds - 25
ppm

HIDE

c ]
t

(a, )

nswer • (b)
0
 Q70) Most harmful type of environmental pollutants are [Odisha 2009]

a) Human organic waste J

b) N atura l nutr ient s in excess )

c) Waste anim al feed

d) Non degradable chem ical )

HIDE
Non-biodegradable pollutant persist in environment for long time and has adverse effects for many years

swer : (d}
QUESTION

Q71) In acid rain, sulphur dioxide acid accounts for [ Odisha 2005]

a) 100%

b) 30% )

c) 50%

d) 70% j
HIDE
ulfur dioxide (SO2), which forms sulphuric acid_ The remaining 30% or o oomes from various nitrogen oxides (mostly NO2 and NO3, which has collectedly called NOx) _ There are also a sm

QUESTION

Q72) Al present the concentration of atmospheric CO2 is _ UDP. MT 2011]

a) 100 ppm )
b) 24 0 ppm )
c) 380 ppm )
d) 52 0 ppm )
HIDE
of April 2019, the average monthly level of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere exceeded 413 parts per million.
 Q73) Intensity of sound in no mal conversation is [C_BSE_ 2001]

a) 1 0 - 20 dB )

b) 30 - 60 dB )

c) 70 - 90 dB

d) 1 2 0 - 1 5 0 dB )

HIDE
dB, normal conversation is about 60 dB, and a mottorcycle engine running is about 95 dB_ Noise above 70 dB over a prolonged period of time may start to damag1e your hearing_ Loud n

QUESTION

Q74) 03 in ozone layer is formed by action of

_ _ [ MI_P P_MT 2012]

a) IR radiat ions

b) Blue radiation s J
c) UV radiations J
d) Oth er radiations J
HIDE
formed by the action o1i UV rays on molecular oxygen, and also degraded into molecular oxygen in he stratosphere_ There should be a balance between production and degradation of o
 Q75) Disease aggravated by pollution is ...[ Har .P.M.T. 200 1)

a) Scurvy )

b) Rheum at ism J
c) Haem ophilia J
d) Bro nchit is )

HIDE
Exposure to air pollution has many substantial adverse effeots on human health. Subjects with chronic respiratory diseases uch as chronic obstructive pulmonary dis
nswe r : (d}
QUESTION

Q76) S02 pollution causes _ [ MP P MT 1998]

a) Plasm olysis

b) Destruct ion of cell wall )

c) Destruct ion of golgi bodies J

d) Destruct ion of chloro phyll )

HIDE
ome of the effects of pollution include leaf damage, slower growth, root damage, and inability to photosynthesizeproperly Chlorophyll is important for photosy nthesis
nswer : (d}
 Q77) Which one of the following dissolvesmore rapidly in blood haemoglobin than oxygen? [M_P_P_MT 1992]

a) Ozo ne J
b) Nitrou s oxide )

c) Sulphur dioxide

d) Carbon monoxide )

HIDE
Carbon dioxide has 200 times more affinity to haemoglobin than oxygIen

swer : (d}
QUESTION

Q78) ASSER TION: Suspended particulate matter is an important pollutant released by diesel vehicles

REASON: Catalytic converters greatly reduces pollution caused by automobiles

AJ.L MS 2005

a) Both Asse rt ion and Reas on are t ru e and Reas on is th e correct exp lanat ion of Asse rt ion

b) The Asse rt ion and Reaso n are t ru e but Reaso n is n ot correct explanation of Assert ion

c) Assert ion is tru e but, Reas on is false

d) Assert ion is false but, Reaso n is t ru e

HIDE
vehicles_ Particulate matter includes dust, smoke, soot, pollen and soil particles_
are fitted into utomobiles for reducing emissionof poisonous gases_ As the exhaust passes through the catalytic converter, unburnt hydrocarbons are converted into carbon dioxide and wat
 Q79) ASSERTION: Methane component of green house gases contributing to global warming is about 20%

REASON: Introduction of multipoint fuel injection engines in automobiles have decreased methane content in exhausts

AJ.LMS 2005

a) Both Asse rt io n and Reas on are t ru e and Reas on is th e correct exp lanat ion of Asse rt ion

b) The Asse rt ion and Reaso n are t ru e but Reaso n is n ot correct explanation of Assert ion

c) Assert ion is tru e but, Reas on is false

d) Assert io n is false but, Reaso n is tru e

HIDE
sertion is correct because methane contributes 20% to global warming other green house gases like carbon dioxide, CFC N20 contributes 60%, t 4% and 6% to globa
Efficient engine such as multipoint fuel injection engine can reduce the unburnt hydrocarbon in auto-emissions. It has reduced methane in exhaust Reason is correc
Reason is not explanation to assertion as both the statement are not related to each other. even though multipoint fuel injection ngines reduces methane con
nswe r : (lb}
QUESTION

Q81) Photochemical smog is related to pollution of _ _ _ [ A_M _u_ 1998]

a) Air J
b) Wat er J
c) Soil

d) Nost oc )

HIDE
hich have been chemically altered into further noxious compounds by xposure to sunlight The main components of photochemical smog are nitrogen oxides, Volatile Organic Compounds (VO

Q82) Biomagnification is highest in __ [ Odisha 2010]

a) Pri ma ry c o n s u m e rs

J
b) Se conda ry co ns umers )

c) Produce rs

d) Deco mpo se rs J
HIDE
Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels. Secondary oonsumers comes a1 h i ghest position in trophic leve
nswer : (lb}
QUESTION

Q83) Noise becomes uncomfortable above _ [A.M.U. 2003]

a) 18 0 dB

b) 1 4 0 d B )
 c) 1 0 0 dB

d) 80 dB )

HIDE
0 dB, normal conversation is about 60 dB, and a motorcycle engine running is about 95 dB. Noise above 80 dB over a prolonged period of time may start to damag1e your hearing. Loud n
Q84) A lake near a villag e suffered heavy mortality of fish within a span of few days, the possible reasons are

a _ Lot of urea and phosphate fertilizers were used in nearby crops

b_ The area was sprayed with DDT by an aircraft

c_ Lake water turned green and stinky

d _ Phytoplankton population declined red ucing photosynthesis

C.B.S.E. 2008

a) a, b J
b) a, c J
c) b, c

d) c, d )

HIDE
lake near a village suftiered heavy mortality o1i fishes within a few days, because lots of urea and phosphate fertilizer were used in the crops in the vicinity and th
nd aquatic animals die_

n swer : (a}
QUESTION

Q85) Highestt DDT deposition shall occur in [CB S.E. 1999]

a) Phyt oplankt on J
b) Sea birds J
c) Crab J

d) Eel J
HIDE
he concentration of DDT is increased at successive trophic levels; say if it starts at 0.003 ppb (ppb = parts per billion) in water, it can ultimately reach 25 ppm (pp
nswer : (lb}
 Q86) Which is not properly matched? erala 2008

a) Formaldehyd e - carcinogenic )

b) Sulphur dioxide - respirat ory pro blem s

c) Nit ro gen oxide - brown air

d) Me an annua l temp eratur e - 25 °C J

HIDE
ogenic to humans based on higher risks of nasopharyngeal cancer and leukemia. Short-term exposure of sulphur dioxide may cause long-termresp iratory effects_ Nitrogen dioxide is a reddi

QUESTION

Q87) DDT is _ [A.FM.C. 2000)

a) Biodegradable pollutant

b) Nondegerdab le pollutant J
c) Not a pollut ant

d) An antibiotic )

HIDE
DDT persistsin environment It remains in active form for 22-25 years thus, it is non-biodegradable pollutant

swer : (lb}

Q88) Which element is the cause of itai-itai _ -- - - l[W B . 2012]

a) Hg J
b) Pb )

c) As
J
d) Cd
J
HIDE
ai-itai disease was the name given to the mass cadmium poisoning of Toyama Prefec ture, Japan, starting around 1912 _ The erm "itai-ilai disease" was coined
nswer : (d}
QUESTION

Q89) Lead concentration o1i blood is considered alarming at [ C.B.S.E. 2004]

a) 4 - 6 µm/ 1 00 ml

b) 1 0 µg/ 1 0 0 ml )

c) 20 µg/ 1 00 ml

d) 30 µg/ 1 0 0 ml )

HIDE
5 µ1g 111 0() mL Inc rease to 70 µg /100 ml is generally associated with linical symptoms_ Hence, a level of 301'Jg/100ml is considered alanming_ The chief sources of Pb to water are
Q90) Acid rains are produced by [ JKC.M.EE 2008 J

a) Ex cess N0 2 and S0 2 fr om burning fo ssil fuels

b)Ex cess pro duction of NH3 by industry and coal gas )

c) Ex cess release of carb on monoxide by incomp lete combu sbion

d)Ex cess formation of CO2 by combustion and anim al respiration J
HIDE
cid rain is caused by a chemical read ion that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise v
n swer : (a}

QUESTION

Q91) Which is regional pollution [D_P_M.T 2002]

a) Sm og J
b) Acid rain

c) 0 3 lay er deplet ion J

d) Both A and B

HIDE

Pollutants that have been emitted from all sources in a region and have had lime to mix, diffuse from their peak concentration,

nd undergo physical, chemical, and photochemical reactions is called regional pollution. Example of regional air pollution are

cid rain and smog _

n swer : (d}
 Q92) ASSERTION: Algal bloom occur in nutrient poor water

REASON: Algal blooms make water unfit for human consumption bUI! cause enormous growth of nish

AJ.LMS 2011

a) Both Asse rt io n and Reason are tru e and Reaso n is th e corr ect exp lanat ion of Asse rt ion

b) The Asse rt ion and Reaso n ar e tru e but Reaso n is not corr ect explanat ion of Assert ion

c) Assert ion is tru e but, Reason is false

d) Asse rt ion and Reason both ar e false

HIDE

Presence of large amounts of nutrients in waters also causes excessive growth of plan!ctonic (free-floating) algae, called an

lgal bloom which imparts a distinct colour to the water bodies_ Algal blooms cause deterioration of the water quality and fish

mortality_ Some bloom-formingi algae are extremely toxic to human beings and animals_

sertion and reason bofill are false_

swer : (d}

QUESTION

Q93) Heat that radiates back from greenhouse gases causes [T amil Nadu 2001]

a) Addit io nal global w arm ing J

b) T h e rm al inv ersion J
c) Eutro ph icat ion J
d) Sm og

HIDE
which again comes to Earth's surface, thus heating it up once ag ain_ This cycle is repeated many a times _ They are respons ible for the greenhouse effect Increase in the level of greenhou
1
 Q94) Which will not cause atmospheric pollution [Har P_MT 2002]

a) S02 J
b) CO

c) CO2

HIDE
Hydrogen does not cause pollution_ H ydroge n is considered as clean energy.

swer : (d}
QUESTION

Q95) Continuous sewage flow into a stream would lead to _ _ _ [ EA M.C.ET 1996]

a) Eut ro phicat ion

b) Algal bloom )

c) Deplet ion of oxy gen

d) I ncrease in t em pera t ur e J
HIDE
croorganism Micro-organisms involved in biodegradation of organic matter in the receiving water body consume a lot of oxygen, and as a result there is a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen d
 Q96) In vehicles , catalytic converter are used to [AI.I.M.S. 20111 ]

a) I n creases m ileage J
b) Conv ert CO2 t o carbonat es

c) Increase efficiency of lead petro l J

d) Conv ert CO t o CO2 J
HIDE

Catalytic converters., h aving expensive metals namely platinum-palladium and rhodium as the catalysts, are fitted into

utomobiles for reducing emission of poisonous gases. As the exhaust passes through the cattalyttic con verter, unburnt

hydrocarbons are converted into carbon dioxide and water, and carbon monoxide and nitric oxide are changed to carbon

ioxide and nitrogen gas, respectively

nswe r : (d}

QUESTION

Q97) Green house effect is warming due to _ _ [CB S.E. 1999)

a) I nfra-red rays reaching eart h

b) Mois tur e lay er in atm osphere J

c) I n creased in Temp eratur e due to incr ease in carbon dio xide concent ration of atm osphere

d) Ozo ne lay er of atm osphere )

HIDE
is a green house gas. Incr,ease in concen tration of carbon dioxide and other green house gases in atmosphere leads to increase in temperature of earth's surface. This phenomenon is called
 Q98) The photochemical smog is formed by

a) Nitro gen oxides )

b) Hydro carb ons J

c ) N it ro gen oxides and hy dro carb ons

d) Sol ar ra diat ions up on nitro gen oxides and hy dro carb ons J
HIDE
lutants that are formed when nitrogen ox.ides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react to sunlight, creating a brown haze above cities. It tends to occur more often in summer, because

QUESTION

Q99) Formation of nonfunctional methaemoglobin causes blue baby syndrome, this is due to _ [ Kerala 2007]

a) Ex cess of arsenic in drinking wat er

b) Ex cess of nit rat e in drinking wat er J

c ) D eficiency of iro n in fo od J
d) I n c r eased m ethan e co nt ent in atm os pher e

HIDE
m polluted drinking water form compounds in the body that change haemoglobin to methemoglolbin , decreasing the bility of blood to carry oxygen. This condition is referred to as blue bab
1. One of the most important aspects of the design of a Green Building is the
implementation of low impact, renewable and sustainable energy sources. Which of the
following is not an ideal energy source for a Green Building?

Natural gas

Solar
Wind
Biomass
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

2. Which of the following is not a benefit of Green Building?

Reduces or eliminates negative impacts on the natural environment

Preserves natural resources
Improves quality of life
Increases the carbon footprint of
buildings
Generates less greenhouse gases
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title
3. What types of features can be incorporated to make a building ‘green’?

Efficient use of energy, water and natural resources

Use of renewable energy sources
Pollution and waste reduction features
Excellent indoor environmental air quality
Use of non-toxic, ethical and sustainable building materials
All of the above
None of the above
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

4. While Green Buildings have many benefits to the environment, they are a more costly
investment than traditionally constructed buildings.

True
False
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

5. Which is not a characteristic a material should have in order to consider them

green building materials?

It should be reusable or recyclable

It should be durable and weather-resistant
It should be energy-intensive to produce or obtain

It should be made from locally sourced materials

It should consist of natural non-toxic material
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

6. Concrete is necessary to build a strong foundation for a home or building, making it

impossible to avoid using it in the construction process.

True
 False
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

7. An example of an alternative building material to concrete that has a lower

environmental impact is:

Recycled plastic
Wooden piers
Earth bags
All of the above
None of the above
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

8. Which flooring option would be the most eco-friendly and have the lowest environmental
impact?

Cork

Concrete
Tile
Bamboo
0/1 point Skipped

Question Title

9. In Ontario’s climate, which alternative material for building walls would be most
suitable for energy efficiency, low environmental impact and insulation?

Glass
Cob
Straw bale
Used car tires
All of the above
None of the above
0/1 point Skipped
Question Title

10. How can you reduce the water consumption in a green building? Select all correct
responses.

Install low-flow toilets

Increase water pressure
Rainwater harvesting
Greywater recycling
Reduce water pressure

Install low efficiency plumbing fixtures

1. The value-action gap refers to .

a. the space that occurs when the values (personal and cultural) or attitudes of an
individual do not correlate to his or her actions
b. the space that diminishes when the values (personal and cultural) or attitudes of
an individual mirror his or her actions
c. the opportunity cost of lost value when making decisions

Answer: A

2. Elkington’s (1994) triple bottom line consists of .

a. social, environment, economic

b. technology, environment, economic
c. culture, environment, economic

Answer: A

3. In the Fourth Pillar Model (Giddings et al., 2002), which of the following refers to the
fourth pillar in sustainable development?

a. technological
b. social
c. cultural

Answer: C

4. Which is TRUE?
 a. Ecological modernization is a school of thought in the social sciences that argues that the
economy benefits from moves towards environmentalism.
b. Ecological modernization is a school of thought in which ecologists argue for cleaner
air and thus less air pollution.
c. Ecological modernization is a school of thought in engineering that argues that the
societal benefits of cleaner fuel are greater than the cost of introducing such
modernization.

Answer: A

5. The primary driver behind many ecological and even societal threats is .

a. out-of-control politicians
b. human population growth
c. CO2 emissions

Answer: B

6. Overall, environmentalism advocates .

a. the removal of diesel vehicles from our roads

b. the preservation, restoration and/or improvement of the natural environment
c. encouraging local councils to build more cycle lanes as alternative means of
transportation

Answer: B

7. People who green wash are .

a. using a form of spin in which green PR or green marketing is deceptively used to

promote the perception that an organization’s products, aims or policies are
environmentally friendly
b. using a form of spin in which the colour green is used in all marketing communications
activity to promote the perception that an organization's products, aims or policies are
environmentally friendly
c. using green PR or green marketing to guarantee that an organization's products, aims or
policies are environmentally friendly

Answer: A

8. Anti-consumerism is .

a. a hate-crime against those wishing to indulge in retail therapy

b. an international treaty designed to continue with (and in some cases bring back) a ban
on Sunday trading
 c. a socio-political ideology that is opposed to consumerism, the continual buying
and consuming of material possessions

Answer: C

9. The ecological footprint measures .

a. how much of the planet Earth we have uncovered

b. human demand on nature, i.e., the quantity of nature it takes to support people or an
economy
c. the biologically productive area needed to provide for everything a family uses

Answer: B

10. Which is TRUE about hyper-consumption?

a. It is the consumption of goods for non-functional purposes and the associated significant
pressure to consume those goods exerted by the modern, capitalist society, as those
goods shape one's identity.
b. It is the official name for what is colloquially known as Black Friday.
c. Hypermarkets first instigated the notion of hyper-consumption.

Answer: