NFPA 25 Training-Mehboob Shaikh (CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 1
CHAPTERS & STRUCTURE

Chapter-1 :Administration
Chapter-2 : Referenced Publication Administrative Chapters
Chapter-3 : Definitions
Chapter-4 : General Requirements
Chapter-5 : Sprinkler Systems
Chapter-6 : Standpipe and Hose Systems
Chapter-7: Private Fire Service Mains System Chapters
Chapter-8 : Fire Pumps

Chapter-9 : Water Storage Tanks

Chapter-10 : Water Spray Fixed Systems
Chapter-11- Foam- water Sprinkler Systems
System Chapters
Chapter 12- Water Mist Systems
Chapter 13- Valves, Valves Components and trims
Chapter 14- Internal Piping Condition
Corrective Chapters
and obstruction Investigation
Chapter 15- Impairments
Chapter 16- Special Requirements from other NFPA Documents

Annexure-A Explanatory Materials
Annexure-B Form for Inspection, Testing & Maintenance
Annexure-C Possible Causes of Pump Trouble
Annexure-D Obstruction Investigation
Annexure-E Hazard Evaluation Form
Annexure-F Informational References

4
NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)
Cl. 1.1 - Scope
• This document establishes the minimum requirements for the
periodic inspection, testing, and maintenance of water-based fire
protection systems, including land-based and marine applications and
the actions to undertake when changes in occupancy, use, process,
materials, hazard, or water supply that potentially impact the
performance of the water-based system are planned or identified.

What is the Scope of NFPA 25
• Establishes MINIMUM requirements for ITM at set frequencies.
• Applies to only properly installed system in accordance with generally
accepted practice.
• NFPA 25 is not intended to address installation deficiencies
• Requires ITM of all water based fire protection systems regardless of
quality of the design and installation.
• NFPA 25 does not require any system modifications to bring an old system
up to present standards
• Not a design Evaluation
• Wear and Tear Driven
• MOC ( Management of Change-Occupancy) is Owner Driven

What is the INSPECTION..?
• A visual examination of a system or portion thereof to verify that it
appears to be in operating condition and is free of physical damage.

What is the Testing..?
• A procedure used to determine the operational status of a
component or system by conducting periodic physical checks, such as
waterflow tests, fire pump tests, alarm tests, and trip tests of dry
pipe, deluge, or preaction valves.
• These tests follow up on the original acceptance test at intervals
specified in the appropriate chapter of this standard.

What is the Maintenance..?
• In water-based fire protection systems, work performed to keep
equipment operable
• Does not include repair activities.

What is the Corrective Actions..?
Stopping Leak with the help of nail is an “ Improper Corrective”
Actions
# 1.1.4- For systems originally installed in accordance with one of these

standards, the repair, replacement, alteration, or extension of such
systems should also be performed in accordance with that same
standard.

Reason for Failure of Fire Protection
system (July 2017)
Reasons for Failure to Operate When Fire Was Large Enough to
Activate Equipment and Equipment Was Present in Area of Fire
7, 8%
10, 11%
Equipment shut off before the fire
Manual intervention defeated the equipment
17, 18% Lack of maintenance
59, 63% Damaged component

Reason for Failure of Fire Protection
system (2011)
Reasons for Sprinkler Operating Ineffectively
5, 5%
7, 7%
Water did not reach fire
7, 7%
Not enough water released
8, 8% 44, 43% System Component Damaged
Manual Intervention
Lack of Maintenance
Inappropriate system for type of fire
30, 30%

Purpose of NFPA 25
• Ensuring Operational Status of System is maintained by,
1. Min. ITM Methods for water based fire protection System

2. Reporting damaged System/Components to Owner.

Responsibility of Property Owner or
Designated Representative
• Specific responsibility is given ONLY TO owner or designated representative
of owner
• Properly maintain water based fire protection system.
• Maintain Records
• Maintain “as built” drawings, hydraulic calculation, original acceptance test
records and devices manufacturer data for the life span of the systems
• Records shall be maintained for a period of 1 year after the next inspection.
• Notifying AHJ on systems shutdown or testing
• Correcting, repairing deficiencies.

Responsibility of Property Owner or
Designated Representative
• ITM
• Freeze Protection
• Accessibility
• Notification of system shutdown or testing
• Corrections and Repairs
• Change in Occupancy,use,process or Materials.
• Addressing Changes in hazard
• Valve location
• Informational Sign
• Impairments

Level of Deficiency

System Tagging

Chapter 05
SPRINKLER SYSTEM

What is a Sprinkler System

Summary of Type of Sprinkler Systems

Summary of Types of Sprinkler Systems

INSPECTION
• Sprinklers shall be inspected from the floor level annually.
• Visually inspected for
(1) Leakage
(2) Corrosion detrimental to sprinkler performance
(3) Physical damage
(4) Loss of fluid in the glass bulb heat-responsive element
(5) Loading detrimental to sprinkler performance
(6) Paint other than that applied by the sprinkler manufacturer

Min. Clearance to Storage
Storage shall be maintained 2 ft (0.61 m) or more from the ceiling in nonsprinklered

areas of buildings
This clearance is necessary to maintained non

sprinklered building so that fire department
can gain access for hose streams & stope
spread of fire.
Min 24 Inch must be maintained This 2 ft. clearance doesn’t apply for storage
(non-Spr Bldg) against wall !!!

Min. Clearance to Storage
• The clearance between the deflector and the top of storage shall be
18 in. (457 mm) or greater ( 36” or greater for special sprinkler & tire
storarge)
This clearance is applicable to SPRINKERED

building and where storage is not against wall.
Cl . 10.18.3.3. allows storage height to be

extended beyond the plane located at 18 inch
provided it is stored against wall and not
directly below the sprinkler head.

Spare Sprinklers
Stock of Spare Sprinklers
A supply of at least six spare sprinklers shall be maintained on the premises so that any
sprinklers that have operated or been damaged in any way can be promptly replaced.
The sprinklers shall be kept in a cabinet located where the temperature to which they are
subjected will at no time exceed 100°F (38°C).
The stock of spare sprinklers shall include all types and ratings installed and shall be as
follows:
(1) For protected facilities having under 300 sprinklers—no fewer than six sprinklers
(2) For protected facilities having 300 to 1000 sprinklers — no fewer than 12 sprinklers
(3) For protected facilities having over 1000 sprinklers — no fewer than 24 sprinklers

TESTING
• Where required by this section, sample sprinklers shall be submitted
to a recognized testing laboratory acceptable to the authority having
jurisdiction for field service testing.

TESTING – Plunge Test

• The sprinkler is inserted (or plunged) into a device known as a plunge
test apparatus where it is exposed to an airflow that has a controlled
velocity and temperature.
• The temperature in the device is considerably higher than the
operating temperature of the sprinkler
• The sprinkler is pressurized with 7 psi (0.5 bar) of air pressure
• The amount of time taken for the fusible element or glass bulb to
activate is measured. If the sprinkler fails to operate in the specified
amount of time, the sprinkler fails the test and all sprinklers
represented by the test sprinkler must be replaced
• A measurement is made of the time, in seconds, required to raise the
temperature of the heat responsive element to approximately 63% of
the temperature of the heated air stream.
• This measurement is called a “tau factor.”
• Multiplying this factor by the square root of the velocity provides the
number which is the RTI of the sprinkler
• RTI= τ*υ^1/2
• τ= tau factor
• υ= air velocity

SPRINKLER
SYSTEM
TAGGING

INSPECTION
Damaged Concealed Sprinkler

INSPECTION
Corroded Sprinkler

INSPECTION
Light Sprinkler Loading that Can Be

Cleaned with Compressed Air

INSPECTION
Damaged Sprinkler Deflector

INSPECTION
Glued Concealer Plate

INSPECTION
Sprinkler with
Missing Escutcheon

INSPECTION
Hanger Rod Detached from the Ceiling

Anchor.

INSPECTION
Improper Use of a Closet Coat Rod

Hanger to Support Pipe.

INSPECTION
Improper Use of a
Board to Support Pipe.

Chapter 06
STANDPIPE AND HOSE SYSTEM

What is a Standpipe & Hose System

Types of Standpipe
System – Class 1
Class I systems are used for full-scale fire

fighting and provide 2. in. (65 mm) hose
connections at designated locations for use by
the fire department. The most typical location
for these is within the stairwell of a building.

Types of Standpipe
System – Class 2
Class II systems are intended to be used

by trained personnel or the fire
department during initial response and
consist of 1. in. (40 mm) hose
connections, hose, nozzle, and hose rack
or reel at designated locations.

Types of Standpipe
System – Class 3
Class III systems are used for both full-scale fire

fighting and first-aid fire fighting. In order to
achieve this, the hose connections are typically
a 2. in. (65 mm) hose valve with a removable 2.
in. to 1. in. (65 to 40 mm) adapter or equipped
with both a 2. in. (65 mm) hose valve and a 1.
in. (40 mm) hose valve either with or without a
hose, nozzle, and hose rack or reel.

Identify Deficiency

Identify Deficiency

Identify Deficiency

Identify Deficiency

Hydraulic Design Information
Sign
A hydraulic information sign is required by
NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of
Standpipe and Hose Systems, regardless of
whether the standpipe system piping is sized
by hydraulic calculations or pipe schedule. This
is not the case for sprinkler systems that are
designed in accordance with NFPA 13

Flow Testing – Every 5 Years
• A full flow test is required on every Class I and Class III standpipe
system at least once every five years.
• The test needs to be conducted at the standpipe system demand (500
gpm from the most remote standpipe and 250 for the next standpipes
until a maximum of 1000 gpm for sprinklered buildings or 1250 gpm
for unsprinklered buildings is achieved)
• The pass/fail criteria for this flow test are to achieve the system design
pressure while the waterflow demand is flowing through the system.

• While the pressure demand at the most remote outlet today is 100
psi in NFPA 14, this has not always been the case.
• Many standpipe systems are still in service that were designed for a
pressure of 65 psi at the most remote hose connection while the
system flow is moving through the system.

For Sprinklered building

For Un-Sprinklered building

Chapter 07
PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS

What is Private Fire Service Mains…?

Types of Fire Hydrants
Dry Hydrants Wet hydrants

People Generally get confused
between this Two
Wet Barrel
According to NFPA 1142 Standard on Water Supplies for
Suburban and Rural Fire Fighting:
Key Sentence
“Dry hydrant is an arrangement of pipe permanently connected to a
water source other than a piped, pressurized water supply system that
provides a ready means of water supply for fire-fighting purposes and
Dry Barrel
that utilizes the drafting (suction) capability of a fire department pump”
DRY FIRE HYDRANTS
In dry hydrant water has to be drawn from the supply
(lake, pond, reservoir, tank) by a fire pumper through a
pipe that is typically located underground
WET FIRE HYDRANTS
Private vs Public Fire Hydrants
Everything after street valve will be maintained by
Property owner Fire Hydrant
Public
Fire Line private
to building
Street Valve
8” Water mains
Why Underground Flow Test- 5 Years
Firefighters need to know how much water a hydrant will deliver. This
tells them how much fire can be extinguished using that particular
hydrant.
Knowing the capacity of a hydrant is just as important as knowing the
capacity of a pumper.
If the hydrant cannot supply enough water, the pump capacity does
not mean as much.
PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT FOR FLOW TESTS
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION QTY REPRESENTATION
NAME
Pitot Tube For each flow hydrant, one Pitot tube with a pressure gauge 1
capable of reading from 0 to 60 psi (420 kPa).
One outlet- One outlet-nozzle cap that will fit the outlet nozzle of the 2
nozzle cap residual hydrant. The outlet-nozzle cap is equipped with a
pressure gauge capable of reading from 0 up to 25 psi (175
kPa) greater than the pressure expected in the residual
hydrant.
A Ruler A ruler to measure the inside diameter of the outlet nozzle of 1

each flow hydrant.
NAME
Hydrant One hydrant wrench to operate the residual hydrant and 2

Wrench one to operate each of the hydrants at which the flow will
be measured.
Discharge One discharge diffuser to absorb the energy from the 1

diffuser hydrant flow so that it is contained, where necessary, to
(Optional) avoid property damage or to minimize the effect on traffic.
One Person One person to read the gauge on the residual hydrant and 1
one person to read the gauge on the Pitot tube for each of
the flow hydrants.
NAME
Hose 50 ft section of 3” and/or 5” hose 2-4
Allen wrench 1
Clipboard 1
Paint supplies Paint supplies (spray paint & masking tape) -

Record keeping Record keeping material -
material
Office Planning Prior to Field Testing
Set up
 Decide which hydrant will be your pressure hydrant and which will be your flow hydrant(s). The
pressure hydrant will be used to measure static pressure and residual pressure.
 Decide how many flow hydrants to use. As a rule of thumb, you should flow enough hydrants at
the same time such that the residual pressure drops at least 25% from the static pressure.
@ Test Hydrant(Static/Pressure/Residual Hydrant) :

 Attach gauge cap to test hydrant tighten all other caps
 Open test Hydrant, Vent Air from hydrant body through valve on the gauge assembly. Close it when air is vented.
 Open the hydrant slowly and fully;
 Read and record the pressure. This is the Static Pressure.
Set up
 @ Flow Hydrant:
• Measure and record the inside diameter (ID) of the outlet nozzle from which the
flow is measured. The inside diameter (ID) measurement is taken to the nearest
1/16 in. (0.159 cm).
• Insert a hand into the nozzle opening and feel the entrance shoulder to determine
the nozzle coefficient (0.9 for a smooth rounded shoulder, 0.8 for a square
shoulder, and 0.7 for a nozzle that protrudes into the barrel).
• Install and arrange any hoses or diffusers necessary to minimize effect on traffic
or landscaping.
FIELD PROCEDURE FOR FLOW TESTS
1. Make provisions for minimizing interruptions to traffic and for adequate

drainage of water.
2. At this point it would be helpful to have one or more assistants and a
reliable method of communication such as two-way radios to perform an
efficient test.
3. Open each flow hydrant slowly and fully. Open one hydrant at a time to
avoid a pressure surge
4. Wait for the pressure at the pressure hydrant to stabilize, read and
record this pressure. This is the Residual Pressure. Then signal the
persons stationed at the flow hydrants to take Pitot readings. The
readings for residual pressure and the Pitot readings should be taken at
the same time for an accurate flow.
5. To take a Pitot reading, hold the Pitot gauge approximately ½ of the

diameter away from the nozzle in the center line of the nozzle. Read
and record this pressure. This is your Pitot or velocity pressure.
6. For an accurate reading, hold the Pitot tube in the center of the
nozzle, with the axis of the Pitot tube opening parallel to the direction
of flow. The Pitot tube should be held away from the end of the nozzle
at a distance of about half the nozzle diameter.
7. If sediment appears, continue to flow water until the main has been
flushed
8. Close each flow hydrant, one at a time, very slowly. Closing a
hydrant too fast will cause damage to the hydrant or to water mains.
9. For reasonably accurate test results, the pressure drop between the static
and the residual pressures should be at least 10 psi (70 kPa).
10. If the distribution system is strong (as it should be near a supply main)
and the pressure drop is less than 10 psi (70 kPa), an additional flow hydrant
should be added to the test.
11. Enough hydrants should be opened to drop the Static pressure by at least
10 psi (70 kPa); however, if more accurate results are required, the pressure
drop should being the Residual pressure as close as possible to 20 psi (138
kPa). The flow available at 20 psi (138 kPa) can be determined by dropping
the Residual pressure to exactly 20 psi (138 kPa) or can be determined at any
Residual pressure by graphical analysis, or by formula calculations.
Equations
Qr=29.83 X CdX D^2 X Sqrt(Pp) ----------------(Eqn.1)
Qf=Qr X ((Ps-20)/(Ps-Pr))^0.54 ----------------(Eqn.2)
where:
 Qr is the residual flow at the Pitot pressure measured in gpm
 cd is the friction loss coefficient (usually 0.9 for a smooth 2½” opening)
 D is the diameter of the opening in inches
 Pp is the Pitot pressure in psi
 Qf is the FIRE FLOW in gpm at 20 psi
 Ps is the static pressure in psi
 Pr is the residual pressure in psi
Example
You Perform a Hydrant Test and gain the following results:
1. Ps (Static pressure) = 140 psi

2. Pr (Residual pressure) = 125 psi
3. Pp (Pitot pressure) = 120 psi
4. cd = 0.9 because the inside of the nozzle was smooth.
5. D = 2.5 inches
Example
Calculate Qr (residual flow):
= 29.83 × 0.9 × (2.5)2 × square root of 125
= 29.83 × 0.9 × 6.25 × 11.18
= 1,876 gpm
Calculate Qf (fire flow):

= 1876 x ((140- 20)/(140- 125))^0.54
= 1876 x (8)^0.54 (raise 8 to the 0.54 power)
= 1,876 × 3.07375
= 5,766 gpm
Result
 Thatsystem has the capacity to flow 5,766

gallons per minute at 20 psi residual pressure.
Why…? Marking of Hydrants
The marking of hydrants is important for two reasons.
1. It immediately tells fire crews the number and capacity of the fire
main system they are hooking into.
2. It shows that the owner is complying with this program.
Historically, fire crews have trusted public hydrants above private ones,
because the City hydrants are on a routine maintenance schedule, and,
generally, the likelihood of running into problems is lessened.
Marking of Hydrants
Classification of Hydrants. Hydrants should be classified in accordance
with their rated capacities [at 20 psi (1.4 bar)residual pressure or other
designated value] as follows:
1. Class AA — Rated capacity of 1500 gpm (5700L/min) or greater
2. Class A — Rated capacity of 1000–1499 gpm (3800– 5699L/min)
3. Class B — Rated capacity of 500–999 gpm (1900–3799L/min)
4. Class C — Rated capacity of less than 500 gpm (1900 L/min)
Marking of Hydrants
The tops and nozzle caps should be painted with the following capacity-indicating
color scheme to provide simplicity and consistency with colors used in signal work
for safety, danger, and intermediate condition:
1. Class AA — Light blue
2. Class A — Green
3. Class B — Orange
4. Class C — Red
NFPA 291 recommends that only the bonnet and caps be color coded. The rest of
the barrel should be a different color
For rapid identification at night, it is recommended that the capacity colors be of
a reflective-type paint.
Marking of Hydrants
Why Hydrant Test - Annually
The purpose of completing a hydrant test is to exercise the hydrant
valves through the full range of operation, clear the hydrant of any
built-up debris, and to ensure proper operation of the barrel drainage
for dry barrel and wall hydrants.
Additionally, the test verifies operation, addresses repair issues, and
verifies reliability of the hydrant with a reasonable assurance that the
water supply is connected and available for use.
FIELD PROCEDURE FOR TEST
• Remove a hydrant cap from the hydrant. Ensure the nonflowing caps are
secured and tight.
• Open the hydrant fully and allow the flow to continue until all foreign
material has cleared, with a minimum flow period of 1 minute. Note that
the flow of fire hydrants supplied by a fire pump will result in the operation
of the fire pump.
• Slowly close the hydrant to avoid water hammer.
• Allow any fire pumps that might have automatically operated to run for 10
minutes, for an electric fire pump, or 30 minutes, for a diesel fire pump.
Follow this with a shutdown of the fire pump and restoration of automatic
operating condition.
FIELD PROCEDURE FOR TEST
• For dry barrel or wall hydrants, check the barrel for proper drainage,
noting the time required for full drainage.
• Dry barrel or wall hydrants that fail to drain within 60 minutes must
be pumped out.
• Replace the hydrant cap on the hydrant.
Chapter 08
FIRE PUMP

What is a Fire Pump ?

Types of Fire Pumps ?
1. Horizontal Split Case
2. Vertical In-Line
3. End Suction
4. Vertical Turbine

Horizontal Split Case

Vertical Inline

Vertical Turbine

Types of Drivers - Motor

Types of Drivers – Diesel Engine

Types of Drivers – Steam Turbine

Pump Controller

INSPECTION
Item : Pump Room/House/Enclosure
Frequency : Weekly
(a) Heat is adequate, not less than 40°F (4°C) for pump room with
electric motor or diesel engine–driven pumps with engine heaters.
(b) Heat is adequate, not less than 70°F (21°C) for pump room with
diesel engine–driven pumps without engine heaters.

INSPECTION
Item : Pump System
Frequency : Weekly
a. Pump suction and discharge and bypass valves are fully open.
b. Piping is free of leaks.
c. Suction line pressure gauge reading is within acceptable range.
d. System line pressure gauge reading is within acceptable range.
e. Suction reservoir has the required water level.
f. Wet pit suction screens are unobstructed and in place.
g. Waterflow test valves are in the closed position, the hose connection
valve is closed, and the line to test valves is free of water.
INSPECTION
Item : Electrical System
Frequency : Weekly
a. Controller pilot light (power on) is illuminated.
b. Transfer switch normal pilot light is illuminated.
c. Isolating switch is closed — standby (emergency) source.
d. Reverse phase alarm pilot light is off, or normal phase rotation pilot
light is on.
e. Oil level in vertical motor sight glass is within acceptable range.
f. Power to pressure maintenance (jockey) pump is provided.

Transfer Switch Indicators
Power Indicators
Isolation Switch
Alternate Power Isolation Switch
Circuit Breaker
Transfer Switch
Motor Contactor Phase Reversal

INSPECTION
Item : Diesel Engine
Frequency : Weekly
a. Fuel tank is at least two-thirds full.
b. Controller selector switch is in auto position.
c. Batteries’ (2) voltage readings are within acceptable range.
d. Batteries’ (2) charging current readings are within acceptable range.
e. Batteries’ (2) pilot lights are on or battery failure (2) pilot lights are off.
f. All alarm pilot lights are off.
g. Engine running time meter is reading.
h. Oil level in right angle gear drive is within acceptable range.
i. Crankcase oil level is within acceptable range.

2/3rd Capacity
Tank must be kept 2/3rd

full !!!
The bottom 5 percent of a fuel tank is reserved for collecting water or

other contaminants. Therefore, this fuel should be removed on an
annual basis, as is required by NFPA 25. NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 100
Pump Driver Fuel Duration Requirements
Standard Objective
API RP 14G 30 Min.
FM Handbook(2nd Ed.) 8 Hr.
Lloyd’s Register 18 Hr.
NFPA Handbook 8 Hr.
NFPA 20 (direct diesel driver) 1 gallon/HP + 5% for Sump + 5% for expansion for 8 h
NFPA 20 (diesel generator for electric 8 Hr.
pump)
S.I. 611 (UK) 12 Hr.
SOLAS (Ships) 18 Hr.
UK DOT (Ships) 12 Hr.
101
Comparisons of Pump Test Requirements
Standard Objective Frequency Duration
API RP 610 Run smoothly at rated load and Speed Weekly Bring unit to normal operating
Temperatures
API RP 610 Confirm adequate pump capacity Monthly Until determination of capacity
performance
FM Global Observe any problems and auto start Weekly 30 min
FM Global Flow performance Verification Annually Obtain three test points on pump curve
(30 min minimum)
IRI IM 14.2.1 Prove good working order Weekly Until good working order is demonstrated
NFPA 20 Certified shop test Completion of Until proper performance to NFPA is
fabrication verified
NFPA 20 Field acceptance test Completion of Until proper performance to NFPA is
installation verified, but not less than 1 h.
NFPA 20 Verify driver smooth performance at rated Weekly 30 min or longer to obtain normal
speed running temperatures
NFPA 20 Verify operation of engine with Controller Weekly Automatic start and operate engine for
30 min
NFPA 25 Observe any problems and auto start Weekly 30 Min. & 10 Min.
NFPA 25 Flow and capacity verification Annually Flow condition
102
TESTING
Item : No Flow Testing- Diesel Fire Pump/Electric Fire Pump
Frequency : Weekly/Monthly ( or as established by approved RA)

TESTING – NO FLOW TEST
PUROPOSE : The purpose of completing a no-flow condition test of a
fire pump is to verify that the fire pump will start under automatic
conditions and run without overheating or developing unacceptable
operating conditions. In meeting this objective, a variety of normal
operating conditions are to be observed during the test.

NO FLOW TEST – Tools & Equipment's
Tool/Equipment Description Image for Representation
Tachometer A handheld tachometer is required to measure the
operating speed of the fire pump.
Wrenches/Spanners The various wrenches and tools necessary to facilitate

any required adjustments during the test are required.
Timer A timing device is needed to measure the fire pump run
time duration.
Notepad A form for recording test data is required.

NO FLOW TEST – Procedure
1. Automatic Start : Test Automatic Start by opening a test line to reduce
the system pressure.
2. Combustion Driver : Run the engine at rated speed at least for 30
minutes while the pump discharges water through the circulation relief
valve to an open drain. It takes at least 30 Min. to lubricate the engine
and see what problem develop, if any.
3. Electric Driver : Check operation of starting devices and allow the pump
to run at least for 10 Min.
4. Pressure Relief: Verify that relief valves operate properly. Usually this
means water should not be discharging through them. Relief valves are
designed to prevent pressure from exceeding system design pressure.

4. Water Flow: Check water flow to packing in the stuffing box. Slight
leakage usually means lubrication is adequate. Check the pump
temperature, feel the pump casing and bearing for overheating and
signs of excess friction.
5. Water Supplies: Overflow the suction and check them visually.
Check all valves in suction line.
6. Pump room Temperature: It should be min. 40 F(4C). For IC Engine
min recommended temperature is 70 F( 21C).
7. Diesel Engine : Make sure engine is clean, dry and smooth running.

7. Diesel Engine : Make sure engine is clean, dry and smooth running.
• Fuel tank Level.

• Quality and Quantity of Crankcase oil
• Battery charger and Batteries
• Cleanliness of strainer in the cooling system
• Proper operation of the engine instrument; rpm; oil
Pressure;temprature; amps.

ANNUAL FLOW TEST – Apparatus
1. One Section of 2 ½ inch or larger hose for each hose connection on the
test Header
2. One Underwriter Play pipe for each hoseline
3. Method for safely securing Playpipes
4. Pitot Tube and Gauge
5. Method of measuring Pump Speed
6. Voltmeter
7. Ammeter
Note : If your system is Equipped with Flow measuring devices than you
can skip first four items listed above.

ANNUAL FLOW TEST – Apparatus

ANNUAL FLOW TEST – Procedure
Step -01
Calculate the Expected Pitot Tube Pressure for 100 %, 150% and at
rated flow by algebraic Expression given by

Step -02
Connect All hoselines and Nozzles. Make sure that all nozzles are
securely fastened in place. All the hose valves should be closed, the
control valve in the pipe to the test header should be close.
Step -03
Close off indicating control valve that separate pump from Fire system.
This will allow testing of the pump without subjecting system to
possible water hammers.

Step -04
Connect ammeter and voltmeter to the test lead in controller or at any
other appropriate location.
Step -05
• If hand held revolution counter is used to measure pump speed, the
end plate of the motor should be removed to access motor shaft.
• Since the Motor and the pump will be rotating at the same speed
measutig motor speed will give pump speed.
• Proper attention to safety is critical with respect to any rotating
equipment. Loose fitting cloth or ties should not be used.

Step -6
• If the end of the shaft is not accessible a strobe type tachometer shall
be used. To establish speed of the pump using the tachometer, the
shaft may be marked with piece of chalk and strobe impulse will be
adjusted until rotating chalk mark is appeared to be standing still.
• The Pump speed can then be read from the tachometer dial.

Step -7
• With Everything ready pump can be started. Initially, the pump should be
operating against a closed system with no valves open and with no water flowing.
• This is churn or shut off phase.
• The Pump can be started manually or equipped to start automatically, by
bleeding off the water pressure.
• Once the Pump is operating both suction and discharge pressure can be read and
recorded, the rpm measured, voltage and current reading taken.
• While the Pump is operating at churn circulation relief valve should have opened
automatically and flowing a solid stream of water. If water is not flowing the relief
valve can be adjusted with crecent wrench until the water flows.

Step -8
• Open the control valve in line leading to test header and open the
hose valves for the first GPM measurement.
Step -9
• Sufficient lines must be opened and adjusted so that exact required
pitot pressure for 100% flow is read on the pitot gauge.
• When the first line is opened, the circulation relief valve should be
again checked. When the first line was opened, the relief valve should
have closed off. If it continuous to flow further adjustment is needed.

Step -10
• When all Reading are complete and recorded, the additional
hoselines are opened and adjusted to the exact required pitot
pressure for 150% of the rated flow. It will usually require flowing of
all hoselines to achieve 150% of rated flow

Final Step
• Data Collected during the test shall be used to construct performance

curve which are compared with manufacturer’s certified curve.

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION
• None of the components should become hot to touch.
• Although mechanical seals are available but fiber packing is more
common seals are available, a fiber seal at both side of the shaft is to
seal the shaft.
• This fiber packing is water cooled and lubricated and some water will
drip from the shaft at both ends.
• If the packing gland is adjusted too tightly, it will prevent water from
cooling fiber packing and packing will heat up.
• It is often necessary to adjust it to achieve ONE DROP EVERY SECOND
is pass through packing.

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION
• Another Consideration is the large volume of water that will be
discharged during test. A 1000 GPM pump operated for 1 hour can
discharge more than 60,000 gallon of water.
• Attention shall be given to where the water is flowing and draining.
• Care should be taken to avoid erosion or other property damage.
• It is better to discharge water back to the source to conserve water.

Q&A
If an existing system is found to contain installation deficiencies,
where in the standard does NFPA 25 require corrective action?
NFPA 25 is not intended to address installation deficiencies. In fact, Section 1.1

states "Where a system has not been installed in accordance with generally
accepted practices, the corrective action is beyond the scope of the standard"

Q&A
Are bags (paper or plastic), acceptable to protect sprinklers from
accumulation of dust or other potential contaminants?
• Bags are only permitted when sprinklers are protecting spray coating areas.
Plastic bags must have a minimum thickness of 0.003 in. (0.076 mm) or small
paper bags may be used. Sprinklers protecting areas other than spray coating
hazards are not permitted to have bags placed over the sprinklers.

Q&A
How many sprinklers must be removed from a system for testing?
• Section 5.3.1.2 requires that one percent (or no less than four) be removed and
submitted to a testing laboratory for evaluation. If a system contains 500
sprinklers.
• for example (400 upright and 100 pendent) then a total of eight sprinklers must
be removed; 400X.01=4 and 100X.01=1 (but not less than 4).

Q&A
Chapter five of NFPA 25 requires a weekly fire pump test to be
conducted without flowing water. Does this include the circulation
relief valve?
• No. The standard says "without flowing water" so no one flows water at
minimum, rated and peak flows each week as required for the annual flow test.
The circulation relief valve must flow water anytime the pump is running to
provide proper cooling of the pump. Without this small flow of water, the pump
will overheat resulting in damage to the pump shaft or other components.

Q&A
During the annual test of our fire pump it was noted that pump
performance was slightly less at peak flow, than the results obtained
during the original acceptance test. Is this a problem?
• This may not be a problem. First, you should verify that all valves on the suction
side of the pump and in the test header are open fully. Some decrease in
performance can be expected due to slight wear of the pump or its components,
this is normal. The annual test is intended to ensure that the pump is capable of
supplying the maximum system demand. The test results from the annual test are
not required to meet the original pump curve as in the original acceptance test.

Thank You

Water-Based Fire Protection System ITM( Inspection & Maintenance Deficiencies )
In accordance with NFPA 25,2014

Item Deficiency Tag NFPA Reference
SPRINKLER SYSTEMS - INSPECTION NFPA #25
All sprinklers Leaking - Spraying or running water Red Impairment 5.2.1.1.1

All sprinklers Leaking - dripping water Orange Critical 5.2.1.1.1
All sprinklers Foreign material attached or suspended from Red Impairment 5.2.1.1.1
All sprinklers Spray pattern obstructed - less than 18" or 36" below deflector (stock, furnishings, and equipment), temporary or Orange Critical 5.2.1.2
nonpermanent (signs, banners, decorations, etc.)
All sprinklers Lightly loaded Yellow Noncritical 5.2.1.1.1
Standard-response sprinklers in nonresidential occupancies One sprinkler and less than 50% of sprinklers in compartment is heavily loaded or corroded; painted operating element, Orange Critical 5.2.1.1.1
bulb, deflector, or cover plate; improper orientation; glass bulb has lost fluid
Standard-response sprinklers in nonresidential occupancies Two or more sprinklers in compartment are heavily loaded or corroded; painted operating element, bulb, deflector, or Red Impairment 5.2.1.1.1
cover plate; improper orientation; glass bulb has lost fluid
Fast-response element, quick-response, residential sprinklers Any sprinklers, heavily loaded or corroded; painted operating element, bulb, deflector, or cover plate; improper orientation;
and standard-response in residential occupancies glass bulb has lost fluid Red Impairment 5.2.1.1.1
No sprinklers in an area Note: Outside scope of NFPA 25 N/A Observation

Walls relocated, spacing issues Note: Outside scope of NFPA 25 N/A Observation
Cover plates Concealed sprinkler cover plates caulked or glued to ceiling Red Impairment 5.2.1.1.1
Escutcheons and cover plates Missing recessed or flush escutcheons, concealed cover plates with deflector and operating element in correct position Yellow Noncritical 5.2.1.1.6
Escutcheons and cover plates Missing recessed or flush escutcheons, concealed cover plates with deflector and operating element not in correct Red Impairment 5.2.1.1.6
position
Escutcheons Recessed of flush escutcheons caulked or glued to ceiling Orange Critical 5.2.1.1.1
Spare sprinkler cabinet Cabinet missing, temp. over 100°F, not proper number and type, missing wrench for each type, missing list of spare Yellow Noncritical 5.2.1.4(1), 5.2.1.4(2),
sprinklers 5.2.1.4(3)
Pipe and fittings Leaking - slowly dripping and/or moisture on surface Orange Critical 5.2.2.1
Pipe and fittings Leaking - spraying or running water Red Impairment 5.2.2.1
Pipe and fittings Critical mechanical damage Orange Critical 5.2.2.1
Pipe and fittings Poor condition/ external corrosion, mechanical damage, external loads Yellow Noncritical 5.2.2.1 5.2.2.2
Hangers & seismic braces Damaged or loose Yellow Noncritical 5.2.3.2
Hangers & seismic braces Unattached Orange Critical 5.2.3.2
Gauges Poor condition Yellow Noncritical 5.2.4.1, 5.2.4.2
Gauges Not showing normal water/air/nitrogen pressure Orange Critical 5.2.4.1, 5.2.4.2
Gauges Freezer - system pressure lower than compressor Red Impairment 5.2.4.4
Alarm devices Physical damage apparent Yellow Noncritical 5.2.5
Hydraulic design information sign Not attached properly, illegible or missing Yellow Noncritical 5.2.6
Heat tape Not in accordance w/ manufacturer's instructions Orange Critical 5.2.7
Information sign Not attached, illegible or missing Yellow Noncritical 5.2.8
General information sign Not attached, illegible or missing Yellow Noncritical 5.2.9
Inspection reports No previous inspection reports on site N/A Observation
SPRINKLER SYSTEMS - TESTING NFPA #25
Sprinklers - standard No test after 50 years, every 10 years thereafter Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.1
Sprinklers - standard Prior to 1920 not replaced Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.1.2
Sprinklers - fast response No test after 20 years, every 10 years thereafter Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.1.3
Sprinklers - solder-type 325°F or greater No test after 5 years, every 5 years thereafter Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.1.4
MITI Consutancy Design|Inspection|Training


Sprinklers - standard No test after 75 years, every 5 years thereafter Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.1.5
Sprinklers - dry No test after 10 years, every 10 years thereafter Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.1.6
Sprinklers - subject to harsh environments (Corrosive atmospheres, corrosive water supply, includes freezers and coolers) No test after 5 years, every 5 years Orange Critical 5.3.1.1.2
thereafter
Sprinklers - solder type (Commercial-type cooking eqpt. & ventilating systems) No replacement after one year Orange Critical 5.4.1.7
Sprinklers in spray coating areas Not protected or plastic or paper bags used to protect against overspray residue, with deposits or residue accumulation Red Impairment 5.4.1.8.3
Gauges Not replaced or calibrated in 5 years, not accurate within 3% of scale Yellow Noncritical 5.3.2
Alarm devices Water motor and gong not functioning Orange Critical 5.3.3
Alarm devices Pressure switch or vane-type switch not functioning or no alarm Orange Critical 5.3.3
Antifreeze systems Mixture and concentration does not meet requirements of 5.3.4.2.1 Orange Critical 5.3.4
Antifreeze systems Concentration is inadequate to prevent freezing Red Impairment Table A.5.3.4.2.1 (1)
Main drain More than 10% drop in full flow pressure Orange Critical 13.2.5.3
Assessment of internal condition Inspection revealed presence of MIC, zebra mussels, rust and scale Orange Critical 14.2.1
Assessment of internal condition No assessment of internal condition of main and branch line piping after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 14.2.1
STANDPIPE & HOSE SYSTEM - INSPECTION
Piping Leaking - slowly dripping and /or moisture on surface Orange Critical 6.2.1, Tble 6.1.2
Piping Leaking - spraying or running water Red Impairment 6.2.1, Tble 6.1.2
Piping Critical mechanical damage Orange Critical 6.2.1, Tble 6.1.2
Piping Poor condition/external corrosion, mechanical damage, external loads Orange Critical 6.2.1, Tble 6.1.2
Gauges Poor condition Yellow Noncritical 6.2.2.1, 13.2.7.1
Gauges Not showing normal water/air pressure Orange Critical 6.2.2.1, 13.2.7.1
Hydraulic design information sign Missing Yellow Noncritical 6.2.3
Hose connection pressure reducing valves Handwheel broken or missing, hose threads damaged, leaking, reducer missing Orange Critical 13.5.2.1
Hose connection pressure reducing valves Cap missing Yellow Noncritical 13.5.2.1
Hose rack assembly pressure reducing valve Handwheel broken or missing, leaking Orange Critical 13.5.3.1
Hose valves Leaking, visible obstructions, caps, hose threads, valve handle, cap gasket, no restricting device, damaged, or in poor Orange Critical 13.5.6.1
condition
Hose valves Hose threads not compatible Red Impairment 13.5.6.1
Hose Cuts, couplings not of compatible threads Orange Critical Tble 6.1.2, NFPA 1962
Hose Deterioration, no gasket or damaged gaskets Orange Critical Tble 6.1.2, NFPA 1962
Hose Mildew present, corrosion present, hose not connected, hose test outdated Yellow Noncritical Tble 6.1.2, NFPA 1962
Hose nozzle Missing, broken parts or thread gasket damaged Orange Critical Tble 6.1.2, NFPA 1962
Hose storage Hose not properly racked or rolled, nozzle clip missing, nozzle not contained, damaged, obstructed Orange Critical Tble 6.1.2, NFPA 1962
Corroded or damaged parts, not easy to open, not accessible, not identified, door glazing in poor condition, lock not Orange
Cabinet functioning in break glass type, valve, hose nozzle, fire extinguisher, etc.. not readily accessible Critical Tble 6.1.2, NFPA 1962
STANDPIPE & HOSE SYSTEM - TESTING NFPA #25
Hose connection pressure-regulating devices Test results not comparable to previous results Orange Critical 13.5.2.2
Hose connection pressure-regulating devices No full flow test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.5.2.2
Hose rack assembly pressure-regulating devices Test results not comparable to previous results Orange Critical 13.5.3.2
Hose rack assembly pressure-regulating devices No full flow test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.5.3.2
Hose valves (Class I and Class III standpipe system) Annual test revealed valve leaking or difficult to operate Orange Critical 13.5.6.2.1 13.5.6.2.1.1
Hose valves (Class II standpipe system) Test revealed valve leaking or difficult to operate Orange Critical 13.5.6.2.2.1
Hose valves (Class II standpipe system) No test after 3 years Yellow Noncritical 13.5.6.2.2


6.1.2, Tble 6.1.2 , NFPA
Hose No test after initial 5 years or 3 years thereafter or did not pass service test Yellow Noncritical #1962
Hose storage device Rack will not swing out of cabinet at least 90° Yellow Noncritical 6.1.2, Tble 6.1.2 , NFPA
#1962
Standpipe system Test results did not provide design pressure at required flow Orange Critical 6.3.1.1
Standpipe system No flow test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 6.3.1.1
Manual standpipe system and semi-automatic dry standpipe Hydrostatic test showed leaks Yellow Noncritical 6.3.2.1
systems including FDC piping
Manual standpipe system and semi-automatic dry standpipe No hydrostatic test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 6.3.2.1
systems including FDC piping
Gauges Not replaced or calibrated in 5 years, not accurate within 3% of scale Yellow Noncritical 6.3.4 13.2.7.2 & 3
Main drain More than 10% drop in full flow pressure Orange Critical 6.3.1.5, 13.2.5.3
Assessment of internal condition No assessment of internal condition of standpipe piping after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 14.2.1
PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS - INSPECTION
Exposed piping Leaking - slowly dripping, and/or moisture on surface Orange Critical 7.2.2.1, Tble 7.2.2.1.2
Exposed piping Leaking - spraying or running water Red Impairment 7.2.2.1, Tble 7.2.2.1.2
Exposed piping Mechanical damage, corroded, not properly restrained Orange Critical 7.2.2.1, Tble 7.2.2.1.2
Mainline strainers Plugged, fouled Red Impairment 7.2.2.3, Tble 7.2.2.3
Mainline strainers Corroded Orange Critical 7.2.2.3, Tble 7.2.2.3
Backflow prevention assemblies Reduced pressure assemblies differential-sensing valve relief port continuously discharging Orange Critical 13.6.1.2.2
Backflow prevention assemblies Backflow prevention assembly not internally inspected after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.6.1.4
PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS - INSPECTION - cont.
Fire department connection Not accessible, damaged couplings, or clapper not operating properly or missing Red Impairment 13.7.1
Fire department connection Couplings and swivels damaged, do not rotate smoothly, check valve leaking, automatic drain not operating properly or Orange Critical 13.7.1
missing
Fire department connection Missing identification sign(s) Yellow Noncritical 13.7.1
Fire department connection Missing FDC (Never installed) Observation
Dry barrel , wet barrel & wall hydrant Inaccessible, barrel contains ice, cracks in barrel Red Impairment 7.2.2.4 & 5
7.2.2.4 & 5
Dry barrel , wet barrel & wall hydrant Barrel contains water, improper drainage from barrel, leaks at outlets or top of hydrant Orange Critical 7.2.2.4 & 5
7.2.2.4 & 5
Dry barrel , wet barrel & wall hydrant Tightness of outlets, worn nozzle threads, worn operating nut, missing wrench Yellow Noncritical 7.2.2.4 & 5
7.2.2.4 & 5
Monitor nozzles Damaged, corroded or leaking Orange Critical 7.2.2.6, Tble 7.2.2.6
Hose/hydrant houses Inaccessibl Red Impairment 7.2.2.7, Tble 7.2.2.7
Hose/hydrant houses Damaged Orange Critical 7.2.2.7, Tble 7.2.2.7
Hose/hydrant houses Not fully equipped Yellow Noncritical 7.2.2.7, Tble 7.2.2.7
PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS - TESTING NFPA #25
Underground and exposed piping Test results not comparable to previous results Orange Critical 7.3.1
Underground and exposed piping No flow test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 7.3.1
Backflow prevention assemblies Did not pass forward flow test Red Impairment 13.6.2.1
Fire department connection FDC piping did not pass hydrostatic test Yellow Noncritical 13.7.4
Fire department connection No hydrostatic test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.7.4
Dry barrel & wall hydrant Hydrant did not flow clear or did not drain within 60 minutes Yellow Noncritical 7.3.2.1, 7.3.2.4


Monitor nozzles Did not flow acceptable amount of water, did not operate throughout their full range Orange Critical 7.3.3.1, 7.3.3.2
FIRE PUMP - INSPECTION NFPA #25
Pump house/room Ventilating louvers not free to operate Orange Critical 8.2.2 (1)
Pump house/room Heat not adequate, temperature less than 40° F Red Impairment 8.2.2 (1)
Pump house/room Heat not adequate, temperature less than 70° F for diesel pumps without engine heaters Red Impairment 8.2.2 (1)
Pump house/room Heat not adequate, temperature less than 40° F, not as recommended by the engine manufacturer, for diesel pumps with Red Impairment 8.2.2 (1)
engine heaters
FIRE PUMP - INSPECTION - cont. NFPA #25
Pump system Suction, discharge, or bypass valves not fully open, pipe leaking, suction line & system line pressure not normal, wet pit Red Impairment 8.2.2 (2)
suction screens obstructed
Pump system Reservoir empty Red Impairment 8.2.2 (2)
Pump system Suction reservoir does not have required water level, wet pit suction screens missing Orange Critical 8.2.2 (2)
Pump system Minor leaking or drips on floor Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (2)
Pump system Suction, discharge, or bypass valves not fully open, major leaking such as spraying or leaking to the extent that pump Red Impairment 8.2.2 (2)
performance might be questioned
Pump system Water flow test valves in open position Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (2)
Pump system Pump bearing lubrication not changed, shaft end play not within specified tolerances Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
Mechanical Transmission Coupling not lubricated, right angle gear drive not lubricated Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
No electrical power - Controller pilot light not illuminated, transfer switch pilot light not illuminated, isolating switch not
Electrical power to pump system closed, reverse phase alarm pilot light on or normal phase light is off, oil level in vertical motor sight glass not normal and Red Impairment 8.2.2(3)
no power to jockey pump
Electrical power to pump system Electrical power is provided - controller pilot light not illuminated, transfer switch pilot light not illuminated, reverse phase Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2(3)
alarm pilot light on or normal phase light is not illuminated
Electrical power to pump system Circuit breakers and fuses tripped/open Red Impairment 8.2.2(3)
Electrical connections loose, pressure switch settings not calibrated, mechanical parts not lubricated, motor bearings not
Electrical system greased, voltmeter and ammeter not accurate, corrosion on printed circuit boards, cracked cable/wire insulation, leaks in Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
plumbing repairs, water on electrical parts
Diesel engine system Fuel tank empty Red Impairment 8.2.2(4)

Diesel engine system Alarm pilot lights are on Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Battery charging current not normal Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Battery failure pilot lights on Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Battery pilot lights off Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Battery terminals corroded Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Battery voltage readings not normal Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Controller selector switch not in auto position Red Impairment 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Cooling water level not normal Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Cooling water level not visible Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Crankcase oil level not normal Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Crankcase oil level below low level Red Impairment 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Electrolyte level in batteries not normal Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Electrolyte level in batteries below top of battery plates Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Engine running time meter not reading Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Fuel tank less than two-thirds full Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)


Diesel engine system Water-jacket heater not operating Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Oil level in right angle gear drive not normal (not at level mark but visible in sight glass) Yellow Noncritical 8.2.2 (4)
Diesel engine system Oil level in right angle gear drive below low level (not visible in sight glass or below one finger knuckle for inspection hole) Orange Critical 8.2.2 (4)
FIRE PUMP - INSPECTION - cont. NFPA #25
Diesel engine system - fuel Fuel tank not voided of water and foreign material, strainer, filter or dirt leg not cleaned Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
Diesel engine system - lubrication system Lube oil heater not operational, crankcase oil level not within acceptable range, crank case breather needs cleaned or Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
replaced
Not adequate cooling water to heat exchanger, flexible hoses and connections damaged, cooling water jacket heater not
Diesel engine system - cooling system operational, water strainer needs cleaned, antifreeze needs changed, heat exchanger not rodded out, ductwork and Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
louvers need cleaned
Diesel engine system - exhaust system Leaking, condensate trap needs drained Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
Battery case corroded, battery case needs cleaned, charger and charge rate not equalized, terminals need cleaned or
Diesel engine system - battery system tightened, cranking voltage exceeds 9 volts on 12 volt system or 18 volts on 24 volt system Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
Diesel engine system - electrical system Wiring subject to movement chafing, boxes, panels and cabinets need cleaned, corrosion on printed circuit boards, Yellow Noncritical Table 8.1.2
cracked cable/wire insulation, leaks in plumbing parts and water on electrical parts
Diesel engine system - electrical system Circuit breakers and fuses over 2 years old, Orange Critical Table 8.1.2
Steam system Steam pressure gauge reading not normal Orange Critical 8.2.2 (5)
FIRE PUMP - TESTING NFPA #25
Fire pump test Pump did not start automatically, electric pump did not run 10 minutes, diesel pump did not run 30 minutes Red Impairment 8.3.2.2, 8.3.2.3, 8.3.2.4
Fire pump test - pump system System suction and discharge gauge reading, or pump starting pressure not acceptable Orange Critical 8.3.2.8(1), 8.3.2.9(1)
Fire pump test - pump system Pump packing gland discharge not acceptable, unusual noise or vibration, packing boxes, bearings or pump casing Orange Critical 8.3.2.9(1)
overheating
Fire pump test - electrical motor - driven system Time for motor to accelerate to full speed, time controller is on first step or time pump runs after starting not acceptable Red Impairment 8.3.2.9(2)
Fire pump test - diesel engine - driven system Time for engine to crank and time for engine to reach running speed not acceptable (engine to reach rated speed within Orange Critical 8.3.2.9(3)
20 seconds per 11.2.7.1 of NFPA 20, 2013 edition)
Fire pump test - diesel engine - driven system Low rpm Red Impairment 8.3.2.9(3)
Fire pump test - diesel engine - driven system Low oil pressure, high temperature, high cooling water pressure Orange Critical 8.3.2.9(3)
Fire pump test - steam system Gauge reading and time for turbine to reach running speed not acceptable Orange Critical 8.3.2.9(4)
Fire pump annual test Circulation relief valve and/or pressure relief valve did not work properly at churn condition Orange Critical 8.3.3.2 (1)
Fire pump annual test Pressure relief valve did not work properly at each flow condition Orange Critical 8.3.3.3.1
Overcurrent protective devices opened when simulating a power failure condition at peak load, power not transferred to
Fire pump annual test (with transfer switch) alternate source, pump did not continue to perform at peak load, pump did not reconnect to normal power after removing Red Impairment 8.3.3.4
power failure condition
Fire pump annual test Alarms did not properly operate Orange Critical 8.3.3.5
Pump house/room Heating, lighting, ventilating systems did not pass test Orange Critical 8.3.6.3
Fire pump annual test Parallel or angular alignment not correct Orange Critical 8.3.6.4
Fire pump annual test Flow test results are not within 5% of acceptance test or nameplate Orange Critical 8.3.7.3
Fire pump annual test Voltage readings at motor not within 5% below or 10% above rated (nameplate) Orange Critical 8.3.7.6
Fire pump annual test Flow test results not within 5% of initial unadjusted acceptance test or nameplate Orange Critical 8.3.7.3
Positive displacement pump annual test Flow test did meet the specified rated performance criteria Orange Critical 8.3.5.2
Electronic fuel management control system Backup ECM and/or primary and redundant sensors failed test Yellow Noncritical 8.3.3.8


WATER STORAGE TANK - INSPECTION NFPA #25
Water level Water level and/or condition not correct Orange Critical 9.2.1
Water level Tank is empty Red Impairment 9.2.1
Air pressure Air pressure in pressure tanks not correct Red Impairment 9.2.2
Heating system Heating system not operational, water temperature below 40°F Orange Critical 9.2.3, 9.2.4
Heating system Water temperature below at or below 32°F Red Impairment 9.2.3, 9.2.4
Exterior Tank exterior, supporting structure, vents, foundation, catwalks or ladders where provided damaged Yellow Noncritical 9.2.5.1
Exterior Area around tank has fire exposure hazard in form of combustible storage, trash, debris, brush or material Yellow Noncritical 9.2.5.2
Exterior Accumulation of material on or near parts that could result in accelerated corrosion or rot Yellow Noncritical 9.2.5.2
Exterior Ice buildup on tank and support Orange Critical 9.2.5.2
Exterior Erosion exists on exterior sides or top of embankments supporting coated fabric tanks Yellow Noncritical 9.2.5.2
Exterior Expansion joints leaking or cracking Orange Critical 9.2.5.3
Exterior Hoops and grills of wooden tanks in poor condition Yellow Noncritical 9.2.5.4
Exterior Exterior painted, coated, or insulated surfaces of tanks or supporting structure degraded Yellow Noncritical 9.2.5.5
Automatic tank fill valve Exterior damaged, strainers, filters and orifices not cleaned Yellow Noncritical Table 9.5.1.1
Interior (pressure tanks or steel tanks w/o corrosion Pitting, corrosion, spalling, rot, other forms of deterioration, waste materials exist, aquatic growth, local or general failure
protection every 3 years, all others every 5 years) of interior coating Yellow Noncritical 9.2.6.3
Interior (pressure tanks or steel tanks w/o corrosion

protection every 3 years, all others every 5 years) Voids beneath floor with sand in the middle of tanks on ring type foundations Yellow Noncritical 9.2.6.5

protection every 3 years, all others every 5 years) Heating system components or piping in poor condition but working Yellow Noncritical 9.2.6.6

protection every 3 years, all others every 5 years) Heating system components or piping in poor condition and not working Red Impairment 9.2.6.6

protection every 3 years, all others every 5 years) Blockage of anti-vortex plate Red Impairment 9.2.6.7
Interior (pressure tanks or steel tanks w/o corrosion Orange

protection every 3 years, all others every 5 years) Deterioration of anti-vortex plate Critical 9.2.6.7
WATER STORAGE TANK - TESTING NFPA #25
Interior testing Tank coating did not pass adhesion, coating thickness or wet sponge test Yellow Noncritical 9.2.7
Interior testing Tank walls and bottoms did not pass ultrasonic test Yellow Noncritical 9.2.7
Interior testing Tank bottom seams did not pass vacuum-box test Yellow Noncritical 9.2.7
Testing Level indicator lacked freedom of movement or not accurate Orange Critical 9.3.1
Testing Level indicator not tested after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 9.3.1
Testing Low water temperature alarm did not pass test Orange Critical 9.3.3
Testing High water temperature limit switch did not pass test Yellow Noncritical 9.3.4
Testing High and low water level alarms did not pass test Orange Critical 9.3.5
Gauges Not replaced or calibrated in 5 years, not accurate within 3% of scale Yellow Noncritical 9.3.6
Automatic tank fill valve Valve did not operate properly during test Orange Critical 9.5.3
WATER SPRAY FIXED SYSTEMS INSPECTION NFPA #25
Pipe and fittings Mechanical damage, missing or damaged paint or coating, rusted or corroded, not properly aligned or trapped sections, Orange Critical 10.2.4.1
low point drains not functioning, improper location of rubber-gasketed fittings


Hangers & seismic braces Damaged or missing, not securely attached to structural or piping, missing or damaged paint or coating, rusted or Orange Critical 10.2.4.2
corroded.
Orange
Water spray nozzles Discharge devices missing, not properly positioned or pointed in design direction, loaded or corroded Critical 10.2.5.1
Water spray nozzles Missing caps or plugs if required or not free to operate as intended. Orange Critical 10.2.5.2
Mainline strainers and individual water spray nozzle strainers Strainer plugged or fouled Red Impairment 10.2.7
Mainline strainers and individual water spray nozzle strainers Strainer damaged or corroded Yellow Noncritical 10.2.7
Mainline strainers Mainline strainers have not been inspected within the last five years Yellow Noncritical 10.2.1.7
Drainage Trap sumps and drainage trenches blocked, retention embankments or dikes in disrepair Yellow Noncritical 10.2.8
Automatic detection equipment Not inspected in accordance with NFPA 72 Yellow Noncritical 10.2.3.1
Automatic detection equipment (Not covered by NFPA #72) Missing detectors, loose, not protected from corrosion or weather, damaged, communication wiring, control panels or Orange Critical 10.2.3.2
pneumatic tubing system not functional
Ultra-High-Speed Detectors have physical damage or deposits on lenses of optical detectors Orange Critical 10.4.2
Ultra-High-Speed Controllers found to have faults Orange Critical 10.4.3
WATER SPRAY FIXED SYSTEMS TESTING NFPA #25
Operational test Heat detection system did not operate within 40 seconds, flammable gas detection system did not operate within 20 Red Impairment 10.3.4.1
seconds
Operational test Test not done after 1 year Yellow Noncritical 10.3.4.1
Operational test Nozzles are plugged Red Impairment 10.3.3.3.1
Operational test Nozzles not correctly positioned Orange Critical 10.3.3.3.1
Operational test Pressure readings are not comparable to original design requirements Orange Critical 10.3.3.4.3
Operational Test Test not performed performed with maximum number of systems expected to operate Yellow Noncritical 10.3.4
Operational test Manual actuation devices did not work properly Red Impairment 10.3.5
Low point drains/weep holes Piping not drained, weep holes not clear or obstructed Yellow Noncritical 10.3.6.1.2
Ultra-High-Speed Operational test Response time was more than 100 milliseconds Red Impairment 10.4.5.2
Ultra-High-Speed Operational test Test not done after 1 year Yellow Noncritical 10.4.1
Assessment of internal condition No assessment of internal condition of piping within the last five years Yellow Noncritical 14.2.1
FOAM-WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM INSPECTION (NFPA 16 systems only, not NFPA 11 or 409) NFPA #25
Alarm devices Physical damage apparent Yellow Noncritical 11.1.4.1.3

Automatic detection equipment Not inspected in accordance with NFPA 72 Yellow Noncritical 11.2.2
Mechanical damage, missing or damaged paint or coating, rusted or corroded, not properly aligned or trapped sections, Orange
Pipe and fittings low point drains not functioning, improper location or poor condition of rubber- gasketed fittings Critical 11.2.3
Hangers & seismic braces Damaged or missing, not securely attached to structural or piping, missing or damaged paint or coating, rusted or Orange Critical 11.2.4
corroded.
Foam-water discharge devices Discharge devices missing Red Impairment 11.2.5.1
Foam-water discharge devices Discharge devices not properly positioned or pointed in design direction, loaded, or corroded Orange Critical 11.2.5.1
Foam-water discharge devices Caps and plugs not free to operate as intended. Orange Critical 11.2.5.2
Foam-water discharge devices Missing caps or plugs if required Orange Critical 11.2.5.2
Foam-water discharge devices Incorrect foam concentrate for application and devices Orange Critical 11.2.5.4


Mainline and/or discharge device strainers Baskets or screens damaged, plugged or fouled Red Impairment 11.2.7.1
Mainline and/or discharge device strainers Corroded Orange Critical 11.2.7.1
Foam concentrate strainers Blow-down valve open or not plugged Orange Critical 11.2.7.2
Drainage Trap sumps and drainage trenches blocked, retention embankments or dikes in disrepair Yellow Noncritical 11.2.8
Proportioning systems (all) Proportioning system valves not in correct open/closed position in accordance with specified operating conditions Red Impairment 11.2.9.3
Proportioning systems (all) Concentrate tank does not have correct quantity required by original design Orange Critical 11.2.9.4
Proportioning systems (all) Concentrate tank empty Red Impairment 11.2.9.4
Standard pressure proportioner Automatic drains (ball drip valves) not free or open, external corrosion on foam concentrate tanks Yellow Noncritical 11.2.9.5.1.2
Standard pressure proportioner Ball drip drain valves not cleaned within last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.3.1
Standard pressure proportioner Foam liquid storage tank not flushed within last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.3.2
Standard pressure proportioner Foam liquid storage tank not hydrostatically tested within the last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.3.3
Bladder tank proportioner Water control valve to foam concentrate in "closed" position Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.2.2
Bladder tank proportioner Foam in water surrounding bladder Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.2.2
Bladder tank proportioner External corrosion on foam concentrate tank Yellow Noncritical 11.2.9.5.2.2
Bladder tank proportioner Sight glass not cleaned within last 10 years (where provided) Yellow Noncritical 11.4.4.1
Bladder tank proportioner Foam concentrate tank not hydrostatically tested within the last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.4.2
Line proportioner Strainer damaged, corroded, pressure vacuum vent not operating freely Orange Critical 11.2.9.5.3
Line proportioner Strainer plugged or fouled Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.3
Line proportioner External corrosion on foam concentrate tank Yellow Noncritical 11.2.9.5.3
Line proportioner Foam liquid storage tank not flushed within last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.5.3
Line proportioner Foam liquid storage tank not internally inspected within last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.5.1
Line proportioner Pickup pipes inside the tank corroded, not separated or plugged Yellow Noncritical 11.4.5.2
FOAM-WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM INSPECTION (NFPA 16 systems only, not NFPA 11 or 409) cont.. NFPA #25
Standard balanced pressure proportioner Sensing line valves not open, no power to foam liquid pump Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.4
Standard balanced pressure proportioner Strainer damaged, corroded, plugged or fouled, pressure vacuum vent not operating freely, gauges damaged or not Orange Critical 11.2.9.5.4
showing proper pressures
Standard balanced pressure proportioner Foam concentrate pump not operated and foam circulated within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.6.1
Standard balanced pressure proportioner Foam pumps, drive train and drivers not serviced within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.6.2
Standard balanced pressure proportioner Diaphragm balancing valve not flushed within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.6.3
Standard balanced pressure proportioner Foam concentrate tank not internally inspected for corrosion within the last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.6.4
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner Sensing line valves at pump unit or individual proportioner stations not open, no power to foam liquid pump Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.5
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner strainer damaged, corroded, pressure vacuum vent not operating freely, gauges damaged or not showing proper Orange Critical 11.2.9.5.5
pressures
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner Strainer plugged or fouled Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.5
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner Foam concentrate pump not operated and foam circulated within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.7.1
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner Foam pumps, drive train and drivers not serviced within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.7.2
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner Diaphragm balancing valve not flushed within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.7.3
In-Line balanced pressure proportioner Foam concentrate tank not internally inspected for corrosion within the last 10 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.7.4
Orifice plate proportioner No power to foam liquid pump Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.6
Orifice plate proportioner strainer damaged, corroded, pressure vacuum vent not operating freely, gauges damaged or not showing proper Orange Critical 11.2.9.5.6
pressures


Orifice plate proportioner Strainer plugged or fouled Red Impairment 11.2.9.5.6
Foam concentrate Samples not taken and submitted for test Yellow Noncritical 11.2.10
FOAM-WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM TESTING (NFPA 16 systems only, not NFPA 11 or 409) NFPA #25
Alarm devices Water motor and gong not functioning Orange Critical 11.1.4.1.1, 11.3.1.1
Alarm devices Pressure switch or vane type switch not functioning or no alarm Orange Critical 11.1.4.1.2, 11.3.1.2
Pressure vacuum vents Not flushed and serviced within the last 5 years Yellow Noncritical 11.4.8
Operational Test Fire detection system did not operate within requirements of NFPA #72 Orange Critical 11.3.2.4
Operational Test Test not done after 1 year Yellow Noncritical Tble 11.1.1.2
Operational Test Nozzles are plugged Red Impairment 11.3.2.6.1
Operational Test Nozzles are not correctly positioned Orange Critical 11.3.2.6.1
Operational Test Pressure readings are not comparable to original design requirements Orange Critical 11.3.2.7.3
Operational Test Test not performed with maximum number of systems expected to operate Yellow Noncritical 11.3.3
Operational Test Manual actuation devices did not work properly Red Impairment 11.3.4
Operational Test Foam sample failed concentration test Red Impairment 11.3.5.3
Assessment of internal condition No assessment of internal condition of main and branch line piping within the last five years Yellow Noncritical 14.2.1
VALVE, VALVE COMPONENTS & TRIM - INSPECTION NFPA #25
Control valve Improper closed position Red Impairment 13.3.2.2

Control valve Improper open position, leaking Orange Critical 13.3.2.2
Control valve Not accessible, no appropriate wrench if required, no identification Yellow Noncritical 13.3.2.2
Control valve Not sealed, locked or supervised Orange Critical 13.3.2.2
Alarm valve External physical damage, trim valves not in appropriate open or closed position, retard chamber or alarm drain leaking Orange Critical 13.4.1.1
Alarm valve Alarm valve, strainers, filters and restricted orifices not internally inspected after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.1.2
Check valve Check valve not internally inspected after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.2.1
Valve enclosure Upon visual observation, enclosure not maintaining minimum 40°F temperature Orange Critical 13.4.3.1.1, 13.4.4.1.1
Valve enclosure Low temperature alarms (if installed) are physically damaged Orange Critical 13.4.3.1.1, 13.4.4.1.1
Preaction valve and deluge valve External physical damage, trim valves not in appropriate open or closed position, valve seat leaking Orange Critical 13.4.3.1.6
Preaction valve and deluge valve Electrical components not in service Red Impairment 13.4.3.1.6
Preaction valve and deluge valve Internal inspection of valve after trip test not acceptable Yellow Noncritical 13.4.3.1.7,
Interior of preaction valve/or deluge valve (that can be reset w/o removal of faceplate), strainers, filters, restricted orifices, 13.4.3.1.7.1, 13.4.3.1.8
and diaphragm chambers not internally inspected after 5 years
Preaction valve and deluge valve Yellow Noncritical
Dry pipe valve and preaction valve auxiliary drains Missing identification sign Yellow Noncritical 13.4.4.1.3
Dry pipe valve/quick opening device External physical damage, trim valves not in appropriate open of closed position, intermediate chamber leaking Orange Critical 13.4.4.1.4
Dry pipe valve/quick opening device Internal inspection of valve after trip test not acceptable Yellow Noncritical 13.4.4.1.5
Dry pipe valve/Quick opening device Strainers, filters and restricted orifices not internally inspected after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.4.1.6
Air dryer Not being maintained per mfg. instructions Yellow Noncritical 5.4.2.3
Air compressor Filters not cleaned, oil not changed or other mfg. recommendations not performed Yellow Noncritical 5.4.2.4
Sprinkler pressure-reducing control valves Not in open position Red Impairment 13.5.1.1


Sprinkler pressure-reducing control valves Not maintaining downstream pressures in accordance with design criteria Orange Critical 13.5.1.1
Sprinkler pressure reducing control valves Leaking, valve damaged, handwheel missing or broken Orange Critical 13.5.1.1
Master pressure reducing valve Not in open position Red Impairment 13.5.4.1
Master pressure reducing valve Not maintaining downstream pressures in accordance with the design criteria Orange Critical 13.5.4.1
Master pressure reducing valve Leaking, valve and/or trim damaged, supply pressure not in accordance with design criteria Orange Critical 13.5.4.1
VALVE, VALVE COMPONENTS & TRIM - TESTING NFPA #25
Control valve Valve not operating through its full range Orange Critical 13.3.3.1
Control valve No spring or torsion felt in rod when opening post indicator valve Red Impairment 13.3.3.2
Supervisory switches No signal from two revolutions of hand wheel from normal position or when stem has moved one-fifth of distance from Orange Critical 13.3.3.5
normal position, signal restored in position other than normal
Preaction valve Priming water level not correct Orange Critical 13.4.3.2.1
Preaction valve No full flow trip test done after 3 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.3.2.3
Preaction valve Three year leakage test failed Orange Critical 13.4.3.2.6
Preaction valve No air leakage test after 3 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.3.2.6
Deluge valve Annual full flow trip test revealed plugged nozzles, manual actuation devices did not operate properly Red Impairment 13.4.3.2.2.6
Deluge valve Pressure reading at hydraulically most remote nozzle and/or at valve not comparable to original design values Orange Critical 13.4.3.2.7.3
Preaction valve Low air pressure switch did not send signal, no alarm Orange Critical 13.4.3.2.13
Preaction and deluge valve Low temperature switch did not send signal, no alarm Orange Critical 13.4.3.2.14
Preaction valve Automatic air maintenance device did not pass test Yellow Noncritical 13.4.3.2.15
Dry pipe valve/Quick opening device Priming water level not correct Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.1
Dry pipe valve Annual trip test results were not comparable to previous tests Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.2
Dry pipe valve No full flow trip test done after 3 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.4.2.2.2
Dry pipe valve Quick opening device did not pass test Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.4
Dry pipe valve Low air pressure switch did not send signal or no alarm Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.6
Dry pipe valve Low temperature switch did not send signal or no alarm Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.7
Dry pipe valve Automatic air maintenance device did not pass test Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.8
Dry pipe valve Trip test tag or card missing Yellow Noncritical 13.4.4.2.5
Dry pipe valve No air leakage test a<er 3 years Yellow Noncritical 13.4.4.2.9
Dry pipe valve Three year air leakage test failed Orange Critical 13.4.4.2.9
Sprinkler pressure reducing control valves Test results not comparable to previous results Orange Critical 13.5.1.2
Sprinkler pressure reducing control valves No full flow test done after 5 years Yellow Noncritical 13.5.1.2
Master pressure reducing valve Test results not comparable to previous results Orange Critical 13.5.4.3
Master pressure reducing valve No full flow test not performed after 1 year Yellow Noncritical 13.5.4.3

NFPA 25 Training-Mehboob Shaikh (CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

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NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 1

CHAPTERS & STRUCTURE

Chapter-8 : Fire Pumps

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 2

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 3

Annexure-B Form for Inspection, Testing & Maintenance

Annexure-C Possible Causes of Pump Trouble

Annexure-D Obstruction Investigation

Annexure-E Hazard Evaluation Form

Annexure-F Informational References

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 5

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 6

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 7

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 8

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 9

# 1.1.4- For systems originally installed in accordance with one of these

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 10

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 11

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 12

1. Min. ITM Methods for water based fire protection System

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 13

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 14

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 15

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 16

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 17

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 18

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NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 20

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 21

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 22

Storage shall be maintained 2 ft (0.61 m) or more from the ceiling in nonsprinklered

This clearance is necessary to maintained non

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 23

This clearance is applicable to SPRINKERED

Cl . 10.18.3.3. allows storage height to be

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 24

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 25

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 26

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 27

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 29

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 30

Damaged Concealed Sprinkler

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 31

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 32

Light Sprinkler Loading that Can Be

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 33

Damaged Sprinkler Deflector

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 34

Glued Concealer Plate

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 35

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 36

Hanger Rod Detached from the Ceiling

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 37

Improper Use of a Closet Coat Rod

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 38

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 39

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 40

NFPA 25 Training- Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE) 41