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    Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India Dairy Development

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    shakti285
    Indian dairying is unique as it ranks first in cattle and buffalo population and milk production globally. Dairying provides livelihood for millions of rural families and contributes significantly to India's agricultural GDP. While milk production has increased substantially since 1950, productivity per animal remains low compared to global averages. The Operation Flood program launched in 1970 and dairy cooperatives have played a key role in the growth of the dairy sector by increasing milk production and farmers' incomes. The government continues various schemes to boost productivity and make India a major global dairy player.

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    Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India Dairy Development

    Uploaded by

    shakti285
    72 views4 pages
    Indian dairying is unique as it ranks first in cattle and buffalo population and milk production globally. Dairying provides livelihood for millions of rural families and contributes significantly to India's agricultural GDP. While milk production has increased substantially since 1950, productivity per animal remains low compared to global averages. The Operation Flood program launched in 1970 and dairy cooperatives have played a key role in the growth of the dairy sector by increasing milk production and farmers' incomes. The government continues various schemes to boost productivity and make India a major global dairy player.

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    dairy report

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    Indian dairying is unique as it ranks first in cattle and buffalo population and milk production globally. Dairying provides livelihood for millions of rural families and contributes significantly to India's agricultural GDP. While milk production has increased substantially since 1950, productivity per animal remains low compared to global averages. The Operation Flood program launched in 1970 and dairy cooperatives have played a key role in the growth of the dairy sector by increasing milk production and farmers' incomes. The government continues various schemes to boost productivity and make India a major global dairy player.

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    72 views4 pages

    Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India Dairy Development

    Uploaded by

    shakti285
    Indian dairying is unique as it ranks first in cattle and buffalo population and milk production globally. Dairying provides livelihood for millions of rural families and contributes significantly to India's agricultural GDP. While milk production has increased substantially since 1950, productivity per animal remains low compared to global averages. The Operation Flood program launched in 1970 and dairy cooperatives have played a key role in the growth of the dairy sector by increasing milk production and farmers' incomes. The government continues various schemes to boost productivity and make India a major global dairy player.

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    of 4

    Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries

    Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India

    DAIRY DEVELOPMENT

    Dairying has become an important secondary source of income for millions of rural
    families and has assumed a most important role in providing employment and
    income generating opportunity. Indian Dairying is unique in more than one ways. It
    ranks first with its 185.2 million cattle & 97.9 million buffaloes accounting for about
    51 percent of Asia ’s and about 19 per cent of world’s bovine population. It also
    ranks first in milk production with a production of 100.9 million tones in 2006-07.

    Contributing about 5.3 per cent to India ’s agricultural GDP, milk is a leading
    agricultural produce. The value output from milk at current prices during 2006-07
    has been over Rs.144386 crores which is higher than the output from paddy
    (Rs.85032 crore) alone and is also higher than the value output from Wheat
    (Rs.66721 crore) and sugarcane (Rs.28488 crore), put together. The unique feature
    of the system is that about 120 million rural families are engaged in milk production
    activities as against big specialized dairy farmers in the west.

    During the post independence period, progress made in dairy sector has been
    spectacular. Milk production has increased more than four folds from a mere 17
    million tones during 1950-51 to 104.8 million tones in 2007-08. However, the
    country’s per capita availability is still lower than the world’s daily average of about
    285 gms though it has doubled from 124 gms in 1950-51 to 256gms per day in
    2007-08. This impressive growth effort speaks volume about the co-coordinated
    efforts of large number of milk producing farmers, scientists, planners, NGO’s and
    industry in achieving self-sufficiency in milk production.

    Another notable feature of Indian dairying sector is that buffaloes contribute more
    than 53 per cent of the country’s total milk production. Buffaloes are known for their
    efficiency as converter of coarse feeds into rich milk. Similarly about 45% of total
    cow milk produced is contributed by crossbred cows.

    In spite of India ’s position as highest producer of milk, productivity per animal is


    very poor. It is only about 987 kg/lactation as against world average of 2,038
    kg/lactation. This low productivity is due to the gradual genetic deterioration and
    general neglect of animals over the centuries and consequent to the rise in the
    population of non-descript cows (80%) and buffaloes (50%). Other factors
    contributing to low productivity include continuing draughts in some parts of the
    country, chronic shortages of feed & fodder coupled with their poor nutritive value
    and poor fertility of dairy animals. Hence we have to face a twin challenge: increase
    milk productivity of animals with the limited resources on one hand and make best
    use of the available milk by processing it into hygienic packaged milk and milk
    products of high quality.

    OPERATION FLOOD

    Government is actively supporting the dairy sector by implementing various


    schemes. It all started with the White Revolution under the title Operation Flood (OF)
    Programme launched in 1970. By promoting Anand Pattern of dairy cooperatives, OF
    envisaged sustained increase in resource productivity culminating in improved
    quality of life of milk producers and assured supply of quality of milk and other dairy
    products to consumers at reasonable price in a free market environment. Following
    the cooperative path, market oriented milk production and modernization of dairying,
    milk production, processing and marketing progressed significantly. The bedrock of
    Operation Flood has been village milk producers’ cooperatives, which procure milk
    and provide inputs and services making modern management and technology
    availale to members. The objectives of Operation Flood included:

    · Increased milk production (‘a flood of milk”)

    · Augmenting rural incomes

    · Ensuring fair prices for consumers

    The programme was implemented with the assistance of World Bank and Food
    Aid from the European Economic Community (EEC). The commodities assistance
    was also provided from the World Food Programme in the form of milk powder
    and butter oil. In all, an amount of approximately Rs. 1750 crore was invested in
    the dairy cooperative sector. This amount was disbursed as 30% grant and 70%
    loan. The milk processing capacity established was 200 lakh litres per day and
    average rural milk procurement was 137 lakh litres per day. The programme was
    implemented between 1970-1996 and covered 170 milk sheds falling under 22
    State Cooperative Federations.

    In OF areas, the country has more than 1 lakh organized primary village dairy
    cooperatives at present with an agreegate membership of 1.1 crore producers.
    These primaries are federated into 170 district cooperative milk unions and
    further to state cooperative dairy federations. The dairy cooperative network is
    estimated t have collected close to 229 lakh kilograms per day in 2007-08
    resulting in the payment of an aggregate amount exceeding Rs.7000 crores to
    the milk producers during the year. The average milk marketing and
    procurement by cooperatives during the last four years is given below:-

    Year Procurement (LKgPD) Marketing (LKgPD)


    2003-2004 175 149
    2004-2005 201 156
    2005-2006 215 168
    2006-2007 217 181
    2007-2008 229 189.21
    It is observed that 14 major dairying States viz. Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Andhra
    Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Haryana, Tamil
    Nadu, West Bangal, Bihar, Kearala and Orissa accounts for 92% of India’s milk
    production, 93% of the rural marketable surplus (i.e. the milk that flows from
    rural to urban areas, estimated by deducting rural consumption from rural milk
    production).

    SCHEMES FOR DAIRY DEVELOPMENT FROM GOI

    Following Operation Flood, the Government of India had been implementing


    various dairy development schemes since 1993-94 and is presently implementing
    Centrally Sponsored schemes “Intensive Dairy Development Programme”,
    “Strengthening Infrastructure of Quality & Clean Milk Production”, Central Sector
    schemes “Assistance to Cooperatives” & “Dairy/Poultry Venture Capital Fund” with
    focused objectives. Apart form these, Government is also envisaging implementing a
    scheme “National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding” for genetic improvement of
    cattle and buffalo to increase the productivity. Government is also examining
    launching of a National Dairy Plan with an outlay of more than Rs 17000 crores
    spread for over a period of 15 years to enhance average incremental production of
    milk from 2.5 million tones to 5 million tones annually. This is being envisaged
    through increasing productivity, expanding infrastructure for procurement,
    processing, marketing and quality assurance. Simultaneously the Government has
    launched a new scheme called Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) with a massive
    investment of Rs 25,000 crore for the next 4 to 5 years to promote agriculture and
    allied sectors. All these activities are expected to help India emerge as a major
    player in the world dairy sector.

    INTERNATIONAL TRADE

    The international dairy industry is highly protected through domestic support


    and export subsidies and does not provide an easy market access. A number of non-
    tariff trade barriers (NTBs) are applied to deprive the developing countries from
    sharing the markets of developed nations

    In addition, there are issues of concern with the importing countries, related to
    acceptance of Indian products, harmonization of standards, transparency, retest and
    appeal provisions, technical assistance and data on reasons for rejections.

    The export of milk products from India has increased from Rs.2.49 crores in
    1990-91 to Rs.1018.63 crores during 2007-08 despite the fact that there are no
    special incentives for export except those that are generally available to all exports.
    Skimmed Milk Powder, Ghee and Cheese are the major products being exported from
    India . The major destinations of exports during 2007-08 were Bangladesh , USA ,
    UAE, Egypt , China , Algeria , Morocco , Thailand , Philippines , Nepal , Seria ,
    Singapore , Oman , Yemen and Saudi Arabia . The European Union, New Zealand ,
    Australia and US are the four major players in the export market, which account for
    nearly 85% of the world’s total exports. Russia , African countries besides the SAARC
    countries are emerging markets for Indian dairy products.

    As far as imports are concerned, the volume of milk products imported into
    India has not been of a level so as to significantly affect the competitiveness and
    interests of the domestic dairy industry. The comparative statement of export and
    import of milk and milk products including casein in value and quantity terms for
    India is given at as follows: -

    Export & Import of Milk and Milk products including casein in quantity and value
    terms for India

    Export Import
    Year Qty. Value (Rs. Qty. Value
    (thousand kgs.) in Lakh) (thousand kgs.) (Rs. in Lakh)
    2003-04 13813.72 17023.87 17166.83 13389.01

    2004-05 55597.06 62353.15 6932.45 5691.24


    2005-06 86454.40 95855.69 3204.01 3750.10
    2006-07 54028.26 64172.91 12788.23 11142.89
    2007-08 84621.8 101862.74 3684.82 6144.85
    2008-09 (Apr to
    49903.49 63659.68 2080.85 3431.78
    Sept)

    National Dairy Plan 2007-08 To 2021-22

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