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BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
895:1995

Destructive tests on
welds in metallic
materials —
Transverse tensile test

The European Standard EN 895:1995 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 25.160.40
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BS EN 895:1995

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical

Committee WEE/2, Welding tests, upon which the following bodies were
represented:

Aluminium Federation
Association of Consulting Engineers
Association of Consulting Scientists
British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd.
British Iron and Steel Producers’ Association
Electricity Association
Health and Safety Executive
Institution of Structural Engineers
Lloyd’s Register of Shipping
Ministry of Defence
Power Generation Contractors’ Association (PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.)
Welding Institute
Welding Manufacturers’ Association (BEAMA Ltd.)

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes
into effect on Amendments issued since publication
15 December 1995
Amd. No. Date Comments
© BSI 02-1999

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference WEE/2
Draft for comment 92/82869 DC

ISBN 0 580 25185 3

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BS EN 895:1995

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
Text of EN 895 3
List of references Inside back cover

© BSI 02-1999 i
 BS EN 895:1995
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National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee WEE/2 and is
the English language version of EN 895:1995 Destructive tests on welds in
metallic materials — Transverse tensile test, published by the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 895:1995 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the
United Kingdom took an active part.
BS EN 895:1995 supersedes tests detailed in BS 709:1983, BS 4206:1967 and
BS 3451:1973 which have been deleted by amendment.

Cross-references
Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard
EN 10002-1:1990 BS EN 10002 Tensile testing of metallic materials
Part 1:1990 Method of test at ambient temperature
EN 24063:1992 BS EN 24063:1992 Welding, brazing, soldering and
braze welding of metals. Nomenclature of processes and
reference numbers for symbolic representation on
drawings
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.

ii © BSI 02-1999
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EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 895
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM June 1995

ICS 25.160.40

Descriptors: Welding, welded joints, butt joints, metals, tension tests, tensile strength, test specimens, dimensions

English version

Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials —

Transverse tensile test

Essais destructifs des soudures sur matériaux Zerstörende Prüfung von

métalliques — Essai de traction transversale Schweißverbindungen an metallischen
Werkstoffen — Querzugversuch

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-05-14. CEN members

are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref. No. EN 895:1995 E
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EN 895:1995

Foreword Contents
This European Standard has been prepared by the Page
technical committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, of Foreword 2
which the secretariat is held by DS.
1 Scope 3
This European Standard shall be given the status of
2 Normative references 3
a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by 3 Principle 3
December 1995, and conflicting national standards 4 Denominations and symbols 3
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1995. 5 Removal of test specimens 3
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal 5.1 Removal 3
Regulations, the following countries are bound to
implement this European Standard: Austria, 5.2 Marking 3
Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 5.3 Heat treatment and/or ageing 4
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 5.4 Extraction 4
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 5.5 Machining 5
Switzerland and United Kingdom.
6 Test procedure 8
7 Test results 8
7.1 General 8
7.2 Location of fracture 8
7.3 Examination of fracture surfaces 8
8 Test report 8
Annex A (informative) Test report 9
Figure 1 — Examples of the location
of test specimens in joints 4
Figure 2 — Test specimens for plates
and pipes 6
Figure 3 — Tensile test specimen for full
section pipe 7
Figure 4 — Cylindrical test specimen for
solid section 8
Table 1 — Denominations and symbols 3
Table 2 — Dimensions for plates and pipes 5
Table A.1 — Transverse tensile test in
accordance with EN 895 9

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EN 895:1995

1 Scope Table 1 — Denominations and symbols

This European Standard specifies the sizes of test Symbol Denomination Unit
specimen and the procedure for carrying out a Thickness of the test specimen mm
transverse tensile tests in order to determine the
tensile strength and the location of fracture of a b Width of the calibrated parallel mm
welded butt joint. length
This standard applies to metallic materials in all b1 Width of shoulder mm
forms of product with joints made by any fusion D Outside diameter of the pipea mm
welding process.
d Diameter of the plug mm
Unless otherwise specified for specific points in this
standard, the general principles of EN 10002-1 shall Lc Parallel length mm
apply.
Lo Original gauge length mm
2 Normative references Ls Maximum width of the weld after mm
This European Standard incorporates by dated or machining
undated references, provisions from other Lt Total length of the test specimen mm
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the r Radius of shoulder mm
publications are listed hereafter. For dated t Thickness of the welded joint mm
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions a
The term “pipe”, alone or in combination, is used to mean
of any of these publications apply to this European “pipe”, “tube” or “hollow section (excluding rectangular cross
Standard only when incorporated in it by section)”.
amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies. 5 Removal of test specimens
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — 5.1 Removal
Part 1: Method of test (at ambient temperature).
The test specimen shall be removed transversely
EN 24063, Welding, brazing, soldering and braze
from the welded joint in such a way that, after
welding of metals — Nomenclature of processes and
machining, the weld axis will remain in the middle
reference numbers for symbolic representation on
of the parallel length of the test specimen. For small
drawings.
diameter pipes, the test may be carried out on whole
pipe (see Figure 3). If not specified by the
3 Principle application standard or agreed between the
An increasing tensile load is continuously applied contracting parties, “small diameters” means
until rupture occurs in a test specimen taken D < 18 mm.
transversely from a welded joint. 5.2 Marking
Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be carried
Each test piece shall be marked to identify its exact
out at ambient temperature (23 ± 5) °C.
location in the manufactured product or in the joint
from which it has been removed.
4 Denominations and symbols
If required by the relevant application standard, the
The denominations and symbols to be used for the direction of working (e.g. rolling or extrusion) shall
transverse tensile tests are specified in Table 1 and be marked.
represented in Table 2 and Figure 1 to Figure 3.
Each test specimen shall be marked to identify its
exact location in the test piece from which it has
been removed.
When removed from the test piece, each test
specimen shall be marked.

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EN 895:1995

5.3 Heat treatment and/or ageing 5.4 Extraction

No heat treatment shall be applied to the welded 5.4.1 General
joint or to the test specimen unless it is specified or The mechanical or thermal processes used to extract
allowed by the relevant application standard the test specimen shall not change the properties of
dealing with the welded joint to be tested. Details of the test specimen in any way.
any heat treatment shall be recorded in the test
report. If natural ageing of aluminium alloys takes 5.4.2 Steel
place, the time between welding and testing shall be Shearing is excluded for thicknesses of more
recorded. than 8 mm. If thermal cutting or other cutting
NOTE The presence of hydrogen in ferrous weld metals may methods which could affect the cut surfaces are used
adversely affect the test results and suitable hydrogen release to cut the test specimen from the welded plate, or
treatment may be necessary. from the test piece, the cuts shall be made at a
distance greater than or equal to 8 mm from the
surfaces of the final parallel length of the test
specimen. Thermal cutting shall not be used
parallel to the original surface of the welded plate or
of the test piece.

Figure 1 — Examples of the location of test specimens in joints

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EN 895:1995

5.4.3 Other metallic materials 5.5.3.2 Full section pipes

Shearing and thermal cutting are excluded, and The dimensions for a full section pipe test specimen
only machining (e.g. sawing or milling) shall be are shown in Figure 3.
used. 5.5.3.3 Solid sections
5.5 Machining Dimensions of test specimens from solid sections
5.5.1 General shall be agreed between the contracting parties.
The tolerances specified in EN 10002-1 shall apply. Where machined cylindrical test specimens are
required, the dimensions shall be as in EN 10002-1,
5.5.2 Location except that the parallel length, Lc, shall not be less
In general, the thickness of the test specimen, a, than Ls + 60 mm, as shown in Figure 4.
shall be equal to the thickness of the parent metal For aluminium, copper and their alloys, refer to the
near the welded joint (see Figure 1a). When a note 2 to Table 2.
relevant application standard requires testing of the
full thickness greater than 30 mm, several test 5.5.3.4 Surface preparation
specimens may be taken to cover the full thickness The final stages of preparation shall be performed
of the joint (see Figure 1b). In these cases, the by machining or grinding, suitable precautions
locations of the test specimens in the welded joint being taken to avoid superficial strain hardening or
thickness shall be identified. excessive heating of the material. The surfaces shall
be free from scratches or notches transverse to the
5.5.3 Dimensions
test specimen direction in the parallel length, Lc,
5.5.3.1 Plates and pipes except for undercut which shall not be removed
The thickness of the test specimen shall be constant unless required by the relevant application
along the parallel length, Lc; the shape and standard.
dimensions shall conform to those given in Table 2 The surfaces of the test specimen shall be machined
with reference to the symbols shown in Figure 2. For in such a way that, unless otherwise specified in the
the test specimen machined from pipe, flattening of relevant application standard, all excess weld metal
the gripped ends may be necessary; however, this is removed. Unless otherwise specified, the
flattening and the possible resulting variation in penetration bead shall be left intact inside full
thickness shall not affect the parallel length, Lc. section pipes.
Table 2 — Dimensions for plates and pipes
Denomination Symbols Dimensions
mm

Total length Lt To suit particular testing machine

Width of shoulder b1 b + 12
Width of the calibrated parallel length Plates b 12 for a # 2
25 for a > 2
Pipes b 6 for D # 50
12 for 50 < D # 168.3
25 for D > 168.3
Parallel lengthab Lc > Ls + 60
Radius at shoulder r > 25
a
For pressure welding and beam welding (process groups 2, 4, 751 and 76 in accordance with EN 24063), Ls is equal to 0.
b
For some other metallic materials (e.g. aluminium, copper and their alloys) Lc > Ls + 100 may be necessary.

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6
EN 895:1995

Figure 2 — Test specimens for plates and pipes

© BSI 02-1999
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© BSI 02-1999
Figure 3 — Tensile test specimen for full section pipe

7
EN 895:1995
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EN 895:1995

Figure 4 — Cylindrical test specimen for solid section

6 Test procedure 8 Test report

The test specimen shall be loaded gradually and The test report shall include the following
continuously in accordance with EN 10002-1. information in addition to that given in EN 10002-1:
— reference to this standard;
7 Test results
— type and location of test specimen, sketch if
7.1 General required (see Figure 1);
The test results shall be determined in accordance — test temperature if outside the ambient
with EN 10002-1. temperature;
7.2 Location of fracture — location of fracture;
The location of the fracture shall be noted and — type and dimensions of imperfections
reported. observed.
If necessary, the side of the test specimen may be An example of a typical test report is given in
macroetched to assist location of the weld. annex A.
7.3 Examination of fracture surfaces
After rupture of the test specimen, the fracture
surfaces shall be examined and the existence of any
imperfections that may have adversely affected the
test shall be recorded, including their type, size and
quantity. If fish eyes are present, they shall be
recorded and only their central regions shall be
considered as imperfections.

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© BSI 02-1999
Test report
Annex A (informative)

9
EN 895:1995
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10
blank
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© BSI 02-1999
See national foreword.
List of references
BS EN 895:1995
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