10 Best Shoulder Exercises
10 Best Shoulder Exercises
10 Best Shoulder Exercises
Best Shoulder Exercises
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10 BEST SHOULDER EXERCISES(http://www.vitaminshoppe.com/)
The (nearly) definitive ranking of the best delt exercises ever devised.
By Michael Berg NSCA CPT (http://www.muscleandperformance.com/profile/userid/141) | January 9, 2015
Not all rankings are created equal. In sports, for instance, lists of “the best” are about as meaningless as they are
pervasive. Best player of all time, best teams, best games, best catches, best Twitter rant … they’ve all been done
before in magazine pages, argued by blowhards filling airtime on radio and TV and plastered across the Internet
as click bait.
Who’s right? Who’s wrong? In the end, it really doesn’t matter at all, does it?
Think of it this way: Determining that Michael Jordan is better than LeBron James or that the 1927 New York
Yankees were better than the 1998 Yankees, who were better than the 1939 Yankees — we know, we know, damn
friggin’ Yankees — isn’t going to improve your life. At most, it may earn you a free beer from a buddy in a drunken
bar bet.
See Also 10 Best Biceps Exercises (http://www.muscleandperformance.com/article/top10bestbiceps
exercises11114)
Not all such lists, however, are totally devoid of worth. Take the one you’re about to read, counting down the 10
best weighttraining exercises to develop your shoulders. Even if you disagree with the final outcome or grumble
over the order, in the end, you’re left with something very valuable: 10 proven ways to build bigger, denser, wider
delts.
Yes, from 10 through 1, each of these exercises can settle one very important question: Just what are you going to
do next time shoulders roll around in your training split?
10. CABLE REVERSE FLYE
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Cable-Reverse-Flye-B.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Cable-Reverse-Flye-A.jpg)
Exercises that specifically target the rear head of the deltoid muscle pop up three times on this list, and with good
reason — the rear delts don’t tend to get much attention. But for shoulders that will fill out your Tshirts, you’re
gonna need rear delts that can keep pace with the meaty front and middle delts. Those latter two get additional
work during chest and shoulder presses, while the rears really need ample attention of their own to thrive. For
that, the reverse flye comes to the rescue, adding a dimension of muscle control and balance that the more
popular reverse pecdeck flye cannot match.
Main Area Targeted: rear deltoids
Strengths: Like all cablebased moves, the key attribute is continual tension on the muscles being worked.
Unlike dumbbells, barbells and some machines, on which the tension eases at certain points of the range of
motion because of gravity and inertia — with cables, the resistance is always counterpulling, in this case meaning
your rear delts never get a break as you rep.
HowTo: Attach Dhandles to the upper pulley of a cable machine. Now grasp the leftside handle in your right
hand, then step over and get the rightside handle in your left before stepping to the center, equidistant from each
stack. Straighten your elbows without locking them out, your palms in a neutral grip. From here, keeping your
arms elevated at the level of your shoulders and elbows fixed, open your arms out to your sides, pulling each
handle across to the other side by engaging your rear delts. When you reach a point at which your arms are
outstretched in a “open hug” pose, reverse the motion to bring the handles back to the start position. Know that
one hand will cross over the other when in front — it doesn’t matter which is high and which is low, although you
can switch from set to set if you prefer.
9. BENTOVER DUMBBELL LATERAL RAISE
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Bent-Over-DB-Lateral-Raise-A.jpg)
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Bent-over-DB-Lateral-Raise-B.jpg)
Some would argue that the one-arm bent-over lateral raise — allowing you to focus all your effort on one side at a time —
is superior to the two-armed version. We disagree. The unilateral version increases the ability to cheat, allowing you to
rotate more at the waist when repping. Doing both arms at the same time cuts down on that kind of momentum, putting
more pressure on your rear delts to carry the load.
Strengths: The bent-over raise is versatile and can be performed either standing or seated at the end of a flat bench
leaning over your knees. And the use of dumbbells means other muscles come into play for stabilization — which may not
mean a heck of a lot for your rear delts but does help create a more functional physique overall.
How-To: With a dumbbell in each hand and your chest up, back flat, knees slightly bent and eyes fixed on a point on the
floor just ahead of you, bend over at the hips until your torso is nearly parallel to the floor. Let the dumbbells hang directly
beneath you with your elbows fixed in a slightly bent position. From there, powerfully raise the dumbbells up and out to
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beneath you with your elbows fixed in a slightly bent position. From there, powerfully raise the dumbbells up and out to
your sides in an arc until your upper arms are about parallel with the floor. Pause at the top for a squeeze, then lower the
dumbbells back along the same path, stopping just before your arms go fully perpendicular to the floor, and start the next
rep.
8. ONEARM CABLE LATERAL RAISE
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/One-Arm-Cable-Lateral-Raise-A.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/One-Arm-Cable-Lateral-Raise-B.jpg)
For those of you already fretting that this list has begun with three isolation movements instead of major compound
exercises, take note — the shoulder is a smaller muscle group that benefits greatly from such targeted weaponry. The thing
is, presses tend to lean most heavily on the anterior (front) delt, leaving the side and rear heads slightly less stimulated.
That’s not to say presses aren’t ideal in many ways (as you’ll see as you keep reading), but for complete shoulders, you also
want to exhaust each head on its own. And when it comes to the middle delt, nothing beats a lateral raise.
Strengths: Just like the cable reverse flye, the cable here offers constant tension, in this case right on the prominent middle
delt that splits the center of the deltoid muscle. The ease of switching between resistance via the pin on the weight stack
also makes cable raises ideal for drop sets to failure. For a different feel, you can try these with the cable running behind
your back instead of across the front of your body.
How-To: Stand sideways to a low cable pulley with your feet shoulder-width apart, holding a D-handle in the hand opposite
the pulley. Your nonworking arm can be on your hips or braced on the pulley structure. Keep your abs tight, chest up and
shoulders back and, without engaging momentum, raise the cable out to your side in a wide arc, keeping your elbow and
hand moving together in the same plane. When your arm reaches a point just above shoulder level, hold it momentarily as
you contract the delt, then slowly lower down along the same path, stopping before the weight stack touches down. Finish
all reps on that side before switching to the other.
7. CABLE FRONT RAISE
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Cable-Front-Raise-A.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Cable-Front-Raise-B.jpg)
You could take the first four moves in this list, throw ’em in a bag and dump them out in any order you wish. Doesn’t
matter — they’re all about equal in their benefits for the respective delt head they target. In the case of the cable front
raise, you’ll call on the anterior delt to take on the load, benefiting again from that continuous tension the cable provides.
One caveat: If your shoulder workout is heavy on presses, you’ll want to prioritize the lateral and rear-delt raises, but from
a purely muscle-sculpting perspective, the cable raise to the front is brutally effective.
Strengths: The placement of the cable in side laterals across your body can cause some awkwardness because of the drag.
That’s eliminated with front raises, which allow the cable to roam free during the range of motion. It’s a small benefit, sure,
but it eliminates a minor distraction when repping.
How-To: With a D-handle in one hand, stand in a staggered shoulder-width stance with your back to a low cable pulley.
Place your nonworking hand on your hip for balance. With your chest elevated, back flat and knees slightly bent, powerfully
raise the cable up and out in front of you until your upper arm is about parallel with your working shoulder. Squeeze, then
slowly lower your arm back to the start position (without letting the stack touch down) and repeat. Do all reps on one side
before switching to the other.
6. PUSH PRESS
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Push-Press-A.jpg)
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Push-Press-B.jpg)
Heavy-compound-exercise fans — here you go. The push press is an absolute powerhouse, combining a heavy overhead
action with just enough momentum to handle serious challenging loads. It makes an effective leadoff exercise for a mass-
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action with just enough momentum to handle serious challenging loads. It makes an effective leadoff exercise for a mass-
gain-focused shoulder workout, as long as you make sure to start light (with the naked bar, even) to get thoroughly
warmed up before stepping up to the big-boy poundage.
Strengths: The push press is a closed-kinetic-chain exercise, meaning the legs remain on the floor (a fixed surface). The
motion calls on multiple muscle groups, from your legs to your shoulders to your arms, to work synergistically, introducing
functional components to what otherwise may be a very bodybuilding-centric workout routine. In other words, movements
like the push press help ensure your muscles aren’t just all show and no go when it comes time to actually use them in
your daily life.
How-To: To get into position, either clean a loaded barbell from the floor to shoulder level or take it off pins in a power
rack. Hold the bar with an overhand grip, palms up and elbows pointed forward, your upper arms near parallel with the
floor as the bar rests at a point atop your upper chest. From a standing position, lower your hips and bend your knees to
dip down into a quarter squat. Now recoil to explosively drive upward with your legs as you extend your arms and lift the
bar overhead to full elbow extension. Hold the bar there briefly, then lower it back to its resting position on your upper-
chest area and descend into the next rep.
5. WIDEGRIP SMITHMACHINE UPRIGHT ROW
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Wide-Grip-Smith-Machine-A.jpg)
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Wide-Grip-Smith-Machine-B.jpg)
In bodybuilding circles, you’ll come across your fair share of people who hate the Smith machine. Passionately so. To them,
it represents a crime against weightlifting, taking a trusty barbell and putting it on a track. It’s like training wheels for the
gym.
We agree in one sense — trading out all your free-weight barbell moves for the Smith versions would give you a less-
effective workout overall. But then again, the Smith, when used judiciously, can help you gain strength, beat sticking points,
learn body control in relative safety and, in the case of the upright row, even improve (gasp!) on the typical barbell version.
Strengths: The upright row is often thought of mostly as a middle-delt exercise, but research has revealed that the wide-
grip row engages the rear delts to some extent, as well. While you may assume a barbell or dumbbell upright row might be
preferable — free weights get all the love — using the Smith machine in this case helps reduce unwanted stress on the
back and shoulder joints because the bar is a bit out in front of you instead of in contact with your torso.
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back and shoulder joints because the bar is a bit out in front of you instead of in contact with your torso.
How-To: With your feet hip-width apart, stand upright, holding the bar of a Smith machine in front of your thighs with an
overhand grip a few inches outside shoulder width. Twist the bar to release it from the safety latches and let your arms
hang straight, maintaining a slight bend in your knees and a tight core. Flex your shoulders to pull the bar straight up
toward your chin, keeping the bar close to your body throughout. In the top position, your elbows will be high and pointing
out to your sides. Hold that spot for a second before slowly lowering to the start position.
4. FACE PULL
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Face-Pull-A.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Face-Pull-B.jpg)
It sounds like an item on the to-do list of an aging Hollywood starlet, but the face pull in this case is actually for a different
type of sculpting — creating pronounced, striated rear delts. Uniquely, it’s a multi-joint rear-delt exercise, setting it apart
from other rear-delt-specific moves.
Main Areas Targeted: rear deltoids, middle trapezius Strengths: The benefit of the face pull (and what makes it superior
to traditional bent-over dumbbell and cable raises) is the fact that it calls the middle traps into play and incorporates some
leverage, allowing you to handle more weight overall. This additional muscle overload leads directly to growth.
How-To: Put a rope attachment on a pulldown station, and make sure you select a heavy enough weight to counterbalance
your weight. Stand in front of the pulley and grasp each end of the rope with an overhand grip so your palms are facing
each other, then lift your elbows up to shoulder level and to the sides. Now place one foot on the kneepad, which in this
case helps anchor you better than keeping both feet on the floor. To start, lean back so your body forms a 45-degree angle
to the floor and, keeping your elbows elevated, pull the rope back toward your face until your hands are alongside your
ears. Squeeze, then reverse to the start, not letting the weight stack touch down between reps.
3. DUMBBELL LATERAL RAISE
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Dumbbell-Lateral-Raise-A.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Dumbbell-Lateral-Raise-B.jpg)
We could point out plenty of flaws in the dumbbell lateral raise. The level of resistance is uneven at various points of the
range of motion, and there’s even a dead spot if you bring the weights down in front of your body to start each rep. With
some action at the hips, cheating via momentum is all too easy. And honestly, it’s one of the most abused exercises at the
gym, with guys hoisting way too much weight in what is supposed to be a precise isolation exercise. That said, though, the
lateral raise is still a must-do movement for wider, more impressive delts. You just need to focus on doing it right.
Strengths: We’ve listed its weaknesses, but don’t let those dissuade you. Lateral raises put an impressive amount of
tension on the middle delts, even if you do end up cheating a little on your final few reps approaching muscle failure. That’s
because they attack the target muscle in exactly the way they’re intended to function, bringing your arms upward and out,
away from your body. By adjusting your grip just a little, angling so your thumb side is a little lower than your pinkie side
(as if you were pouring water out of a jug), you engage the middle head even more.
How-To: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Keep your abs tight, chest up and shoulders back. With your head
straight, hold the dumbbells at your sides with a neutral grip. Without using momentum, raise the dumbbells out to your
sides in a wide arc, keeping your elbows and hands moving together in the same plane. Raise the dumbbells just above
shoulder level and hold momentarily in the peak contracted position. Slowly lower the dumbbells down along the same
path and repeat for reps.
2. SEATED BARBELL SHOULDER PRESS
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Seated-Barbell-Shoulder-Press-A.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Seated-Barbell-Shoulder-Press-B.jpg)
If you dream of having huge, barn-door shoulders and you haven’t tried a barbell press, here’s a reality check: You ain’t
trying hard enough. This press isn’t for sissies — it’s challenging, somewhat uncomfortable and in all ways a high-intensity
activity. That said, it’s also one of the best, most efficient ways to get from Point A to Point B in your deltoid development.
Strengths: “For a heavier load, the barbell is more appropriate [than a dumbbell press],” says David Hooper, MA, CSCS,
doctoral fellow in the Department of Kinesiology at the University of Connecticut. “It would be perfectly safe, for instance,
to go to a three- to five-rep-max load and perform the barbell press, while that would really not be appropriate for the
dumbbell press — it would just be awkward getting the dumbbells into place, for one.”
How-To: Find a barbell press station — not all gyms have one, so you may have to make one yourself using a low-back
bench set inside a power rack. Sit erect, keeping your lower back slightly arched and your feet flat on the floor. Grasp the
bar outside of shoulder width with a palms-forward grip, elbows pointing down and outward. Carefully unrack the bar and
hold it at shoulder level. In a smooth, strong motion, press the bar straight up to just short of elbow lockout. Squeeze, then
lower the bar under control to a point right at your upper chest and clavicle area. Be sure to pull your face back as the bar
passes to avoid giving yourself an impromptu nose job.
1. SEATED DUMBBELL SHOULDER PRESS
(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Seated-DB-Shoulder-Press-A.jpg)
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(http://www.muscleandperformance.com/content/content/9359/Seated-DB-Shoulder-Press-B.jpg)
The dumbbell shoulder press beats out the barbell version, but only by a nose. Either one can anchor a complete deltoid
routine, and ideally, they would be rotated regularly with one another over the course of weeks or months, according to
Hooper. That said, the dumbbell press allows the arms to flare out a little more to your sides, which targets the middle
delts — and when it comes to width, mass and overall roundness (think “cannonball”), the middle delts are the most
important of the three heads. Meanwhile, the barbell press relies more on the front delt, which is also important, but is
usually already thicker in most guys, thanks to heavy incline bench pressing.
Strengths: While you can’t handle the same loads as you can with a barbell, the dumbbell press offers additional benefits.
“The seated dumbbell press would require a little more coordination, and having two separate dumbbells always prevents
any strength imbalances,” Hooper explains. “For example, in a machine, you can push more with one side than the other
[to lift the weight]. You can’t do that with dumbbells; you have to complete each motion exclusively.”
How-To: Sit on a low-back bench, holding a dumbbell in each hand above shoulder level with a pronated grip (palms facing
forward). Keep your head straight, spine aligned and eyes focused forward with your shoulders shifted back as you press
the dumbbells overhead in an arc toward each other — but don’t let them touch at the top. After a squeeze, reverse the
motion under control to the start position and repeat.
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Michael Berg NSCA CPT
Michael Berg, NSCA-CPT, is a freelance health and fitness writer based in New York. He has written for
a variety of publications and websites in the bodybuilding industry, including MuscleMag, Oxygen,
Muscle & Fitness Hers and Men's Fitness, and formerly served as deputy editor on Muscle & Fitness and
Flex. He was also editor in chief for the launch of Muscle & Performance, the official magazine of The
Vitamin Shoppe.
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