Chapter 12: Structures of Ceramics: Ceramic Structure Ax-Type Crystal Structures Amxp-Type Ambnxp-Type
Chapter 12: Structures of Ceramics: Ceramic Structure Ax-Type Crystal Structures Amxp-Type Ambnxp-Type
Chapter 12: Structures of Ceramics: Ceramic Structure Ax-Type Crystal Structures Amxp-Type Ambnxp-Type
Outline
Introduction
Crystal structures
• Ceramic structure
• AX-type crystal structures
• AmXp-type
• AmBnXp- type
Silicate ceramics
Carbon
Ceramic structures
1
Ceramic structures (continue)
2
AX-type crystal structure
3
The AmXp type crystal structures
Ba at cubic corner, O
at center of 6 faces, Ti
at body center
CNO=12, CNBa=6, and
CN Ti=6
Large A cation and
oxygen form an FCC
lattice
Cubic--tetragonal at
A unit cell of tetragonal
1300C (Curie points)
A unit cell of perovskite perovskite
Cubic -- orthrhombic
crystal structure
and rhombohedral at
low T
4
Summary of crystal structures of some common ceramics
5
Ceramic density computations (example)
n’=4
∑ Ac = A Na = 22.99 g / mol
a = 2rNa + + 2rcl −
Vc = a 3 = (2rNa + + 2rCl − ) 3
Silicate ceramics
6
Silicate ceramics (continue)
Silica glasses
• amorphous, a high degree of atomic
randomness
• additives, CaO and NaO, network
modifier, modify the silicon and
oxide network and low melting T
The silicates
Sodium-silicate glass
Carbon
Structure of buckyball
Diamond structure Structure of graphite
C60 (buckminsterfullerence)