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    Aortic Valve Stenosis by JAMA Cardiology

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    Zebedeus Andreas

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Aortic Valve Stenosis by JAMA Cardiology

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    Zebedeus Andreas
    96 views1 page

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    96 views1 page

    Aortic Valve Stenosis by JAMA Cardiology

    Uploaded by

    Zebedeus Andreas

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    JAMA CARDIOLOGY PATIENT PAGE

    Aortic Valve Stenosis


    Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve, the outflow valve of the heart between the left
    ventricle (main pumping chamber) and the aorta (major blood vessel carrying blood to the body).

    Theaorticvalvenormallyfunctionsasa1-wayvalvethatpreventsblood
    Aortic Valve Stenosis
    from leaking back into the heart. When the aortic valve narrows, the
    heart has to work harder to pump blood into the aorta. Aortic steno- Blood flow through the aortic valve Healthy aortic valve (top view)
    sis is caused by stiffening of the 3 valve leaflets, restricting its ability to
    TO BODY
    open normally. Aortic stenosis typically develops in individuals older Aorta
    than 65 years but can also develop in younger individuals who are born
    Healthy aortic
    with an abnormal valve or develop rheumatic heart disease. valve
    Open Closed
    Left
    What Are the Symptoms? ventricle
    Symptoms of aortic stenosis include chest pressure, lightheaded- Aortic valve stenosis (top view)
    ness or fainting, breathlessness, and/or fatigue. They indicate that
    the extra work required to open the valve has overcome the heart’s
    ability to work normally. Aortic stenosis is a slowly progressive dis-
    ease. Many patients never develop symptoms and thus never need
    to have the valve replaced. However, when symptoms develop or Open Closed
    the obstruction becomes very severe, expeditious diagnosis and
    treatment are critical.
    cedure, has emerged as a preferable option for patients in whom
    How Is It Diagnosed? open heart surgery poses risks. In TAVR, the new valve is inserted
    Aortic stenosis is often first diagnosed when a physician hears a heart using a catheter without the need for open heart surgery. Rather than
    murmur, caused by blood flowing rapidly through the valve (similar replacing the valve, as is done with surgery, the TAVR procedure in-
    to a tight nozzle on a hose). More reliable diagnosis is made using serts a new valve inside the old aortic valve, pushing open the nar-
    echocardiography to image the heart’s structure and function and to rowed leaflets and relieving the obstruction to flow.
    measure the speed of blood traveling through the valve. Other tests If you have been diagnosed as having aortic stenosis, you should
    includecardiaccatheterization,aprocedureinwhichsmalltubes(cath- consult with a cardiologist, who can advise you of your options.
    eters) are inserted into blood vessels and passed directly across the Fortunately, there are more options for patients with this disease than
    valve to determine its tightness, and imaging tests such as com- ever before.
    puted tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

    How Is It Treated? FOR MORE INFORMATION


    Medications are usually not effective in treating aortic stenosis as • Heart Valve Center, Columbia University Medical Center
    this is a mechanical problem, and valve replacement is the only http://columbiaheartvalve.org/aortic-valve-treatment
    proven therapy to improve symptoms and prolong life. Open heart • American Heart Association
    surgery to replace the aortic valve has been an effective and du- http://ja.ma/heartorg
    rable treatment for aortic stenosis for decades. In this operation, a • Medline Plus
    heart surgeon removes the narrowed valve and replaces it with either https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000178.htm
    a tissue valve (from a cow, pig, or human) or a mechanical valve.
    Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), a less invasive pro-

    Authors: Amisha Patel, MD, MS; Ajay J. Kirtane, MD, SM The JAMA Cardiology Patient Page is a public service of JAMA Cardiology. The
    Published Online: July 13, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.2060. information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most
    instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis. For specific information
    Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA Cardiology suggests that you
    ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Kirtane reported consult your physician. This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians
    receiving institutional research grants to Columbia University and the Cardiovascular and other health care professionals to share with patients. To purchase bulk reprints,
    Research Foundation from Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Abbott Vascular, Abiomed, call (312) 464-0776.
    St Jude Medical, Eli Lilly and Co, Edwards Lifesciences, Volcano/Philips, and
    CathWorks. No other disclosures were reported.
    Section Editor: Mintu Turakhia, MD, MAS.

    jamacardiology.com (Reprinted) JAMA Cardiology August 2016 Volume 1, Number 5 623

    Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

    Downloaded from jamanetwork.com by guest on 12/04/2018

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