PROJECT REPORT

ON

Project name
For the Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award

Of the degree of

MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
In
Electronics and Communication Engineering
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Guide name

Assistant Professor ECE Department

SUBMITTED BY
Student name (roll no)

LOGO OF COLLEGE
NAME OF COLLEGE
DISTRICT, Haryana
( UNIVERSITY )

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I owe a great many thanks to many people who helped and supported me during my project.

My deepest thanks to Assistant Professor GUIDE NAME , the guide of the project for
guiding and correcting various documents of mine with attention and care.She not only
motivated me at different steps of the work but also helped me overcome the odds that I faced
during implementation of my work.

My deep sense of gratitude to Assistant professor NAME(Project Incharge) for his support
and guidance.

STUDENT NAME

(ROLL NO)

COLLEGE,Sonipat.

2
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work Titled “project title” is a bonafide work of student
name(roll no) carried out in partial fulfillment of the award of degree M.Tech in ECE under
my guidance. His project work is original and not submitted for the award of any
degree/diploma or associate ship of other university or institution.

name

(HOD, ECE)

(name)

(PROJECT GUIDE)

3
 CONTENTS

Topics. Page no.

1. Abstract…………………………………………………..6

2. Device Components………………………………………6

3. Hardware & Software requirements ……………………..7

4. Introduction……………………………………………….8

5. Block Diagram……………………………………………9

6. GSM Modem …………………………………………….10

7. Testing the Board………………………………………....11

8. Using the Board…………………………………………..12

9. Atmega 8 AVR Microcontroller………………………….15

10. Arduino Pin Mapping…………………………………..19

11. Pin Description…………………………………………20

12. LCD Description………………………………………..22

13. Features………………………………………………….26

14. Pin Diagarm and Description...........................................27

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15. Interfacing with Arduino..................................................28

16. Overview..........................................................................31

17. Software Coding .............................................................33

18. Conclusion.......................................................................36

19. Future perspective...........................................................37

20. References......................................................................38

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1. ABSTRACT

6
1.2 Device Components:

1. GSM modem-simcom300

2. 1N4007 diode

3. Atmega 8

4. .01uf, 10uf, 1000uf capacitor

5. LCD

6. Resistance 1k,10k

7. 10k potentiometer

8. 28pin IC base

9. Xtal 8 Mhz

10. 22pf capacitor

11. Micro switch

1.3 Hardware Requirements:

1. USB AVR programmer

1.4 Software Requirements:

1. Arduino IDE

2. Extreme burner

7
 INTRODUCTION

SIMCOM 300 GSM modem is used with Atmega 8 –AVR microcontroller using Arduino
bootloader and Arduino IDE to work on Arduino technology to implement serial
communication(UART- universal asynchronous receiver transmitter ) to display text message
read from SIMCOM 300 on 16x2 LCD.

AVR microcontroller stands for Alf and Vegard's Risc Processor. It is a DIP package
including the external multiplexed address and data bus.

A SIMCOM 300- GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card
and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. These are
used to provide mobile internet connectivity and also used for sending and receiving SMS
and MMS messages.

Message read from SIMCOM 300 is implemented using AT-Commands which has general
encoding format for all types of modems and other similar devices.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

The full block diagram of the GSM based notice board is as follows:

Figure.1.1. Block diagram

As we can see from the Figure.2.1, the GSM based notice board has 4 main sections in it.
They are:

 GSM modem-SIMCOM300

 Power supply

 AVR Microcontroller

 LCD

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 2. GSM MODEM - SIMCOM300

A SIMCOM 300- GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card
and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. These are
used to provide mobile internet connectivity and also used for sending and receiving SMS
and MMS messages. . For this it exposes an interface that allows application to send and
receive messages over the modem interface and to perform this task it supports an ' Extended
AT command set'. The GSM modem is shown in Figure.3.1 .

Figure 1.2. GSM modem

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2.1 FEATURES

 Uses the extremely popular SIM300 GSM module.

 Provides the industry standard serial RS232 interface for easy connection to computers
and other devices.

 Provides serial TTL interface for easy and direct interface to microcontrollers.

 Optionally available USB interface for easy interface to laptops, computers, etc.

 Power, RING and Network LEDs for easy debugging.

 Onboard buzzer for general audio indication.

 Onboard 3V Lithium Battery holder with appropriate circuitry for providing backup for
the modules’ internal RTC.

 Can be used for GSM based Voice communications, Data/Fax, SMS,GPRS and TCP/IP
stack.

 Can be controlled through standard AT commands.

 Module’s operation mode can be controlled through the PWR Switch connected to the
PWR pin (refer the SIM300 datasheet for more information).

 Comes with an onboard wire antenna for better reception. Board provides an option for
adding an external antenna through an SMA connector.

 The SIM300 allows an adjustable serial baudrate from 1200 to 115200 bps (9600 default).

 Modem a low power consumption of 0.25 A during normal operations and around 1 A
during transmission.

 Operating Voltage: 7 – 15V AC or DC (board has onboard rectifier) .

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 2.2 TESTING THE BOARD

 Insert a SIM card into the SIM tray on the board .

 Connect the board to a computer’s serial port using a RS232 cable.

 To read the text being sent by the modem, you will need a serial monitoring software.
Windows has a built in serial monitoring software called Hyperterminal. Run it at Start ->
Programs -> Accessories -> Communications -> Hyperterminal.
 Enter connection name.

 Select the serial port to which the modem is connected under the “Connect Using“
option(usually COM1).
 Select Baudrate of 9600 and Flow control as none. The board works on a serial
communication that can work within a wide range of speeds from 1200 bps to 1152000
bps, the default speed is 9600 bps.
 Enter “AT” in the Hyperterminal, the board will echo “OK” if everything is properly
setup.
 The onboard Status LED(yellow) is used to display the network status
a. LED Off – SIM300 not running
b. 64ms On 0.8 Sec Off - SIM300 unable to find network
c. 64ms On 3 Sec Off - SIM300 found network
d. 64ms On/ 300ms Off GPRS communication

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2.3 USING THE BOARD
You will have to use standard AT commands to interface with the modem. Here are some of
the common GSM operations that can be achieved using the board.

To Dial a Number
 To dial a number you will have to send the command - ATD NUM;
 Where NUM is the number you want to dial.
 For instance to dial 9008620582, send the command ATD 9008620852;
 To disconnect the number use the command – ATH

 To redial a number use the command – ATDL

To Send a SMS
 To send SMS send the command -> AT+CMGF=1
 Modem will then send the text -> OK
 Then send -> AT+CMGS="NUM"
 Where NUM is the number you want to send the SMS to.
 Modem will then send the text - TYPE THE MESSAGE>
 Enter the message and then press ctrl+z to send SMS
 Here are a few useful AT commands for changing the settings
 To change the baud rate – AT+IPR=BAUDRATE(Ex 9600)

 For more details refer AT commands Document page 33

 To save the settings – AT&W

 To restore factory defaults type AT&F then save it by sending AT&W

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2.4 USING THE POWER KEY
 The Power Key (labeled PWR KEY on the modem) can be used to power on and off the
module just by a holding it down for a second. Putting the module in power down mode
will drastically reduce the modems power consumption. Pressing the Power Key when the
module is off, will power on the module and vice-versa. Please refer the SIM300
datasheet for more information.
 When the modem is powered on the module will be in power off mode by default. You
will have to press and hold the PWR Key for a second to put it in power on mode to start
using the modem to make calls, send messages, etc.
 If you want to put the module in power on mode automatically everytime the modem is
powered on, you will have to put the jumper named Power Key Disable next to the PWR
Key.

2.5 THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND WHEN USING GSM MODEM

 The GSM Modem consumes a lot of current during transmission, make sure your power
supply can handle large currents without giving substantial voltage drops at the output.
 If the GSM Modem is unable to connect to the network, try coming to a place with clear
surroundings for best reception.
 The SIM Card holder used on the Modem is quite delicate and can easily break upon
rough use. Use it with care and caution.

2.6 VOLTAGE RANGE

The voltage range for LM7805C is + 5V whereas for LM7809C is -5V.

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 3. ATMEGA 8- AVR MICROCONTROLLER

The AVR is a modified 8-bit RISC single chip microcontroller which was developed
byAtmel in 1996. The AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash
memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time programmable ROM , EPROM, or
EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time.

Figure.3.1.Atmega-8

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The ATmega8 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR RISC
architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega8
achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz, allowing the system designer to
optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

3.1 FEATURES

• High-performance, Low-power Atmel®AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller

• Advanced RISC Architecture

– 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock Cycle Execution

– 32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers

– Fully Static Operation

– Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz

– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier

• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments

– 8Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory

– 512Bytes EEPROM

– 1Kbyte Internal SRAM

– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM

– Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C

– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits

In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program

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 True Read-While-Write Operation

– Programming Lock for Software Security

• Peripheral Features

– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, one Compare Mode

– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture

Mode

– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator

– Three PWM Channels

– 8-channel ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package

Eight Channels 10-bit Accuracy

– 6-channel ADC in PDIP package

Six Channels 10-bit Accuracy

– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface

– Programmable Serial USART

– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface

– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator

– On-chip Analog Comparator

• Special Microcontroller Features

– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection

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 – Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator

– External and Internal Interrupt Sources

– Five Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, and

Standby

• I/O and Packages

– 23 Programmable I/O Lines

– 28-lead PDIP, 32-lead TQFP, and 32-pad QFN/MLF

• Operating Voltages

– 2.7V - 5.5V (ATmega8L)

– 4.5V - 5.5V (ATmega8)

• Speed Grades

– 0 - 8MHz (ATmega8L)

– 0 - 16MHz (ATmega8)

• Power Consumption at 4Mhz, 3V, 25°C

– Active: 3.6mA

– Idle Mode: 1.0mA

– Power-down Mode: 0.5µA

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 3.2 ATMEGA8-ARDUINO PIN MAPPING

The pin mapping for the Atmega8 is shown in Figure.5.3, the original chip used in early
Arduinos. The pin mapping for the Atmega 168 and the 328 is roughly the same.

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 Figure.3.2.Arduino pin mapping

3.3 PIN DESCRIPTION

 VCC: Digital supply voltage.

 GND: Ground.

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 Port B (PB7..PB0)XTAL1/XTAL2/TOSC1/TOSC2: Port B is an 8-bit bi-
directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). ThePort B
output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if
the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset condition
becomes active, even if the clock is not running. Depending on the clock selection
fuse settings, PB6 can be used as input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier and input
to the internal clock operating circuit. Depending on the clock selection fuse settings,
PB7 can be used as output from the inverting Oscillator amplifier. If the Internal
Calibrated RC Oscillator is used as chip clock source, PB7..6 is used as TOSC2..1
input for the Asynchronous Timer/Counter2 if the AS2 bit in ASSR is set.

 Port C (PC5..PC0): Port C is an 7-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up
resistors (selected for each bit). The Port C output buffers have symmetrical drive
characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port C pins that
are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The
Port C pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is
not running.

 PC6/RESET If the RSTDISBL Fuse is programmed, PC6 is used as an I/O pin. Note
that the electrical characteristics of PC6 differ from those of the other pins of Port C.
If the RSTDISBL Fuse is unprogrammed, PC6 is used as a Reset input. A low level
on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a Reset, even if the
clock is not running. The minimum pulse length is given in table. Shorter pulses are
not guaranteed to generate a Reset. .

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 Port D (PD7..PD0): Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up
resistors (selected for each bit). The Port D output buffers have symmetrical drive
characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port D pins that
are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The
Port D pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is
not running. Port D also serves the functions of various special features of the
ATmega8.

 RESET: Reset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse
length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not running. The minimum pulse
length is given in table. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate a reset.

 AVCC AVCC is the supply voltage pin for the A/D Converter, Port C (3..0), and
ADC (7..6). It should be externally connected to VCC, even if the ADC is not used. If
the ADC is used, it should be connected to VCC through a low-pass filter. Note that
Port C (5..4) use digital supply voltage, VCC.

 AREF: AREF is the analog reference pin for the A/D Converter.

 ADC7..6 (TQFP and QFN/MLF Package Only): In the TQFP and QFN/MLF
package, ADC7..6 serve as analog inputs to the A/D converter. These pins are
powered from the analog supply and serve as 10-bit ADC channel.
Data Retention Reliability Qualification results show that the projected data retention
failure rate is much less than 1 PPM over 20 years at 85°C or 100 years at 25°C.

22
 4. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

4.1 INTRODUCTION

A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, or video
display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LCs). LCs do not emit
light directly as shown in Figure.6.1.

Figure.4.1. A general purpose alphanumeric LCD, with two lines of 16 characters.

LCDs are used in a wide range of applications, including computer monitors, television,
instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, signage, etc. They are common in consumer
devices such as video players, gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators, and telephones.
LCDs have replaced cathode ray tube (CRT) displays in most applications. They are available
in a wider range of screen sizes than CRT and plasma displays, and since they do not use
phosphors, they cannot suffer image burn-in. LCDs are, however, susceptible to image
persistence.

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LCDs are more energy efficient and offer safer disposal than CRTs. Its low electrical power
consumption enables it to be used in battery-powered electronic equipment. It is an
electronically modulated optical device made up of any number of segments filled with liquid
crystals and arrayed in front of a light source (backlight) or reflector to produce images in
color or monochrome. The most flexible ones use an array of small pixels. The earliest
discovery leading to the development of LCD technology, the discovery of liquid crystals,
dates from 1888. By 2008, worldwide sales of televisions with LCD screens had surpassed
the sale of CRT units.

Each pixel of an LCD typically consists of a layer of molecules aligned between two
transparent electrodes , and two polarizing filters, the axes of transmission of which are (in
most of the cases) perpendicular to each other. With no actual liquid crystal between the
polarizing filters, light passing through the first filter would be blocked by the second
(crossed) polarizer.

The surface of the electrodes that are in contact with the liquid crystal material are treated so
as to align the liquid crystal molecules in a particular direction. This treatment typically
consists of a thin polymer layer that is unidirectionally rubbed using, for example, a cloth.
The direction of the liquid crystal alignment is then defined by the direction of rubbing.
Electrodes are made of a transparent conductor called Indium Tin Oxide(ITO). The Liquid
Crystal Display is intrinsically a “passive” device, it is a simple light valve. The managing
and control of the data to be displayed is performed by one or more circuits commonly
denoted as LCD drivers.

Before applying an electric field , the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is determined
by the alignment at the surfaces of electrodes. In a twisted nematic device (still the most
common liquid crystal device), the surface alignment directions at the two electrodes are
perpendicular to each other, and so the molecules arrange themselves in a helical structure, or
twist. This induces the rotation of the polarization of the incident light, and the device appears
grey. If the applied voltage is large enough, the liquid crystal molecules in the center of the
layer are almost completely untwisted and the polarization of the incident light is not rotated
as it passes through the liquid crystal layer. This light will then be mainly polarized
perpendicular to the second filter, and thus be blocked and the pixel will appear black. By

24
controlling the voltage applied across the liquid crystal layer in each pixel, light can be
allowed to pass through in varying amounts thus constituting different levels of gray.

As LCD panels produce no light of their own, they require an external lighting mechanism to
be easily visible. On most displays, this consists of a cold cathode fluoroscent lamp that is
situated behind the LCD panel. For battery-operated units (e.g. laptops) this requires an
inverter to convert DC to AC. Passive-matrix displays are usually not backlit, but active-
matrix displays almost always are, with a few exceptions such as the display in the original
Gameboy Advance.

Recently, two types of LED backlit displays have appeared in some televisions as an
alternative to conventional backlit LCDs. In one scheme, the LEDs are used to backlight the
entire LCD panel. In another scheme, a set of red, green and blue LEDs is used to illuminate
a small cluster of pixels, which can improve contrast and black level in some situations. For
example, the LEDs in one section of the screen can be dimmed to produce a dark section of
the image while the LEDs in another section are kept bright. Both schemes also allow for a
slimmer panel than on conventional displays.

25
 Figure.4.2.LCD screen

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen as shown in Figure.6.2. is an electronic display module
and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very
commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven
segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily
programmable; have no limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike in
seven segments), animations and so on.

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this
LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely,
Command and Data. The command register stores the command instructions given to the
LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it,

26
clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores
the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to be
displayed on the LCD.

4.2 FEATURES

• 5 x 8 dots with cursor

• Built-in controller (KS 0066 or Equivalent)

• + 5V power supply (Also available for + 3V)

• 1/16 duty cycle

• B/L to be driven by pin 1, pin 2 or pin 15, pin 16 or A.K (LED)

• N.V. optional for + 3V power supply

4.3 PIN DIAGRAM

The pin diagram of LCD is shown in Figure.6.3.

Figure.4.3. LCD pin diagram

27
4.4 PIN DESCRIPTION

The various pins and its description is shown in Table- 6.1

TABLE- 6.1

 Pin No  Function  Name

1 Ground (0V) Ground

2 Supply voltage; 5V (4.7V – 5.3V)  Vcc

3 Contrast adjustment; through a variable resistor  VEE

4 Selects command register when low; and data register when high Register Select

5 Low to write to the register; High to read from the register Read/write

6 Sends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given Enable

7 DB0

8 DB1

9 DB2

10 DB3
8-bit data pins
11 DB4

12 DB5

13 DB6

14 DB7

15 Backlight VCC (5V) Led+

16 Backlight Ground (0V) Led-

4.5 INTERFACING 2-LINE LCD DISPLAY WITH ATMEGA8

ARDUINO

28
This blog is useful in interfacing a 2-line LCD display JHD – 162A to a ATMega8 Arduino
board.

The hardware required are:

 ATMega8 Arduino Board

 JHD – 162A 2-line display

 2K POT or Trimmer

 Jumper Wires and normal wires

 Soldering Kit

 BreadBoard

Initially I soldered the LCD display with wires. When I tried connecting it with arduino it
didnt show up. That time I didn’t use a 2K POT. I used a 10K variable POT since 2K POT
was not available in my place. I followed a circuit like the one below

Figure 4.4 wire interface

But I got only the backlight of the LCD glowing and no blocks being displayed. Then I
searched for a new schematic without any IC being used in it. My guide searched and got a
link. I downloaded the pdf from that site.

29
Now I built the circuit according to the pin diagram by resoldering the LCD display. Now it
was working and saw the black blocks on the display.

The pins were

Figure.4.5. LCD pins

I tried the basic LCD display programs from “LiquidCrystal” Library in Arduino-0017 IDE.
It worked and I was really happy. The next day I took this display and went to my college to
show the demo. But it didn’t worked.

Later on, I identified that the POT was the problem and due to high voltage supply from it,
the IC in the display unit got burnt-off.

I purchased a new JHD 162A display and a 2K POT from the market. Now I planned well
and soldered the LCD display with wires properly and built the circuit.The circuit diagram is
as shown in Figure.6.6.

30
 Figure 4.6. JHD162A 2-Line LCD Display with Arduino

After building this circuit , I tested the display with “LiquidCrystal” Library Sample
programs and it worked successfully. It was a great experience for me to work with Arduino.
A few pictures from my gallery of LCD display circuit are shown as follows in Figure.6.7. (a)
and (b).

31
32
 (a) (b)

Figure.4.7. JHD 162A display

4.6 OVERVIEW

The ATmega8 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR RISC
architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega8
achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz, allowing the system designer to
optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

33
4.7 ADVANTAGES

 Very compact and light.

 Low power consumption.
 No geometric distortion.
 Little or no flicker depending on backlight technology.
 Not affected by screen burn-in.
 Can be made in almost any size or shape.
 No theoretical resolution limit.

34
 5. CODING

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

LiquidCrystal lcd(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4);

SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3); // RX, TX

void initialize(){ // Function to intialize the modem and Controller 

mySerial.write("ATE0\r\n");//TO Echo OFF
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Echo OFF");
delay(2000);
mySerial.write("AT+CMGF=1\r\n");//TO set Text Mode
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Text Mode Set");
delay(2000);
 for(byte i=1;i<=20;i++)
 {
  mySerial.print("AT+CMGD=");
  mySerial.print(i);
  mySerial.write("\r\n");
  
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Deleting Msg ");
lcd.print(i);
  delay(100);
 }

lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("All Msg Deleted !");
}
void setup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
mySerial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);

35
lcd.print("GSM Notice Board");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("-by RaviKant");
delay(2000);
initialize();
}
char data[250];
byte i,msgFlag=0;

void loop() // run over and over

{again:
  if (mySerial.available()){
    i=0;
  while(mySerial.available()){
  char x=mySerial.read();
  Serial.write(x);
  data[i]=x;
  i++;
 }
  data[i]=NULL;
 }
 if(newMsg()==1){
 mySerial.write("AT+CMGR=1\r\n");
 delay(100);
 while(1){
 if (mySerial.available()){
    i=0;
  while(mySerial.available()){
  char x=mySerial.read();
  Serial.print(x);
  data[i]=x;
  i++;
 }
  data[i]=NULL;
 }
 if(viewmsg()==1)
 mySerial.write("AT+CMGD=1\r\n");
 Serial.write("Message Deleted!");
 delay(100);
 goto again;
 }
 }

36
byte newMsg(){
  if(strcmp(data,"\r\n+CMTI: \"SM\",1\r\n")==0)  
 {
 return(1);
 }
return(0);
}

byte viewmsg(){
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
for(byte ch=0;ch<250;ch++){
if(data[ch]==13)
{ch++;
if(data[ch]==10){  
ch++;
while(data[ch]!=13){
  ch++;
}
ch++;
if(data[ch]==10)
{  ch++;

while(data[ch]!=13){
lcd.print(data[ch]);
ch++;
}
break;
}}}}
return(1);
}

37
 6. CONCLUSION:
In this project GSM technology is used to send(PHONE) and receive(GSM MODEM) digital
data in the form of text which is being encoded and decoded by GSM modem using AT
commands which further communicated using UART (Universal asynchronous
receiver/transmitter) with MICROCONTROLLER which is attached with a LED NOTICE
BOARD to display the text message received by the GSM modem.

In this an AVR microcontroller is used which stands for Alf and Vegard's Risc Processor. It
is a DIP package including the external multiplexed address and data bus.

A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card and operates over a
subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone.These are used to provide mobile
internet connectivity and also used for sending and receiving SMS and MMS messages. For
this it exposes an interface that allows application to send and receive messages over the
modem interface and to perform this task it supports an ' Extended AT command set'.

This GSM based Message Display facilitates easy and formidable access to communicate the
remote user or mass people at a single place via single message.

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 7.FUTURE ENHANCEMENT:

This GSM Based Notice Board holds a great scope in Future.

We can tackle mass mob using this notice board.
One would be able to give instructions to mass people or workers without being at his or her
place and will be able to do it on single hand .

One would get rid of preoccupied statements just like in a Metro.

One will be able to change these statements without getting in touch with the Screen
hardware.This will be done by sending a single message to MODEM which inturn make it
flash on the screen.

All in all the main advantage is that it facilitates the remote text communication without
actually be present at that place.

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