Lesson 1 (Week 1)

GRADE LEVEL: SHS 12 WEEK: 1
SUBJECT: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person LESSON: 1

TOPIC: DOING PHILOSOPHY
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OBJECTIVES:
1. Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view
2. Recognize human activities that emanated from deliberate reflection
3. Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life
LESSON PROPER:
LESSON 1: WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? Aeschylus
Plato’s Theory of Forms  c. 525-456 BCE
“Higher world of reality exists” which he believed  Before Aeschylus, the Greeks had only one
that is independent and separate from the world of character and a chorus. Thus, the possibilities
things of our daily experience and also called the for conflict and dramatic action were limited,
“World of Idea or Forms” and dialogues between characters were not
Word of Idea or Forms possible.
Is unchanging, universal, eternal and absolute  Introduce 2 actors on stage
Perfect Truth, Perfect Justice, Perfect Goodness and  The great sin that depicts through his plays is
Perfect Beauty. the sin of “Hubris” (pride or arrogance).
What is a Just State? Aeschylus’ dramas show that pride ruins oneself
Plato emphasized reason: and others.
“Rational inquiry of human society” Sophocles
Believed that an entire community could be  c. 496-406 born in Colonus,
transformed through conformity to rational principles near Athens
Plato’s political theory: “A just state had the goal and  A Greek poet and dramatist
aim of improving the moral state of the citizens.”  He wrote all 123 plays which 7
Plato’s divided people into three groups: plays survive today
1. Those who demonstrate the philosophical  He introduced a third actor
characteristics of wisdom and justice should be rulers and also increased the chorus from 12 to 15
2. Those who reveal exceptional courage should be members
soldiers.  The plots in his drama are characterized by human
3. Those who are dominated by desire (the masses) motivations and choices.
should be producers and manufacturers  He portrayed the divine will overpowering the
Aristotle actions of human. But his works also show humans
 c. 384-322 BCE born in are wonderful and how they are motivated by their
Stagira, Macedon commitment to the purpose and meaning of life.
 Tutor of Alexander the Oedipus Complex
Great  The complex of emotions aroused in a young child,
 Desired to understand the typically around the age of four, by an unconscious
physical universe sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex and
 Believed in the importance wish to exclude the parent of the same sex.
of reason in shaping one’s philosophy  Oedipus Complex – Boys
Contributions:  Electra Complex – Girls
1. Criticism of Plato’s Ideas Greek History
2. Aristotle’s View on Ethics  Greeks writing of history removed mythical
3. Aristotle’s View on Politics elements and concentrated on human beings and
Aristotle’s View on Ethics their actions. They wrote about the deeds of
Aristotle believe that in order for us to be fully people and looked for the causes behind the
human, we need to live our lives based on ethics human actions and the events.
Morally virtuous life is to live a life based on Herodotus
reason  C. 484-424 BCE
The emotions are part of the human personality.  Wrote a history of the Persian
Aristotle’s View of Politics Wars (between the Persians and
For Aristotle, both politics and ethics deal with the Greeks in 5th Century)
the good life. To live a good life, one must be a  Herodotus work theme of
virtuous member of a political community. punishment for the sin of “hubris”-lack of humility.
Politics comes from the word “polis” means “city” Thucydides
The three great Athenian tragedians from Greece  C. 460-400 BCE
Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides.  Emphasized the motives and actions of political
leaders and their governments
 Believed that by studying the past, one can
learn about human behavior.
LESSON CONCLUSIONS
Ancient Greece reveals that we can learn about the human person from philosophy, poetry, drama, history,
etc. The questions that philosophers, poets, dramatist and historians ask, the problems that they raise, the
issues that they define, the answers and solutions that they try to come up with – all have relevance to the
meaning and process of philosophy, especially the philosophy of human person.
ACTIVITY # 1
Complete the table below. Copy and answer the table below in your 1 whole sheet of pad paper.
ACTIONS WHAT MUST BE DONE BEFORE THE ACTION?
Deciding where to study for Senior High School
Choosing friends
Going to school
Buying a new gadget
Posting your opinion or feelings in the social media
Confronting a person who verbally hurt you
Watching movies that are not allowed for your age
ACTIVITY 2:
INSTRUCTION: Answer the following questions. Write your answer in a 1 whole sheet of pad paper.
1. Based on your answers in Activity 2, what must before making actions?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Is it helpful that you do this before making actions? Why or why not?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. As a grade 12 student, what have you realized about this activity? Reflect and explain your answer in your 1
whole sheet piece of pad paper. _________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT: (Personal Reaction). Write your answer in ½ crosswise of pad paper
1. Reflect on the Socratic dictum “The unexamined life is not worth living”.
2. React on the statement that one can be “hooked on philosophy”.
ASSESSMENT: What can you say about the quotation below? Do you agree with this? Express your answers on the space
provided.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
REFERENCES:
 Introduction to the Philosophy of the human person book. (Sunil H. Stephens)
 Internet (PDF Files)
Materials: Notebook, Ball pen, Pencil, Paper

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Lesson 1 (Week 1)

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GRADE LEVEL: SHS 12 WEEK: 1

SUBJECT: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person LESSON: 1

ASSIGNMENT: (Personal Reaction). Write your answer in ½ crosswise of pad paper

Materials: Notebook, Ball pen, Pencil, Paper

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