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CHILDHOOD AND EDUCATON OF RIZAL
• José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born on June 19, 1861, in
the town of Calamba, Laguna.
• He was baptized JOSE RIZAL MERCADO at the Catholic of Calamba by the parish
priest Rev. Rufino Collantes with Rev. Pedro Casañas as the sponsor.
• He was the seventh child in a family of 11 children (2 boys and 9 girls). Both his
parents were educated and belonged to distinguished families.
SIBLINGS
• SATURNINA RIZAL (1850-1913) Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married
Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas.
• PACIANO RIZAL (1851-1930) Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child.
Studied at San Jose College in Manila; became a farmer and later a general of the
Philippine Revolution.
• NARCISA RIZAL (1852-1939) The third child. married Antonio Lopez at Morong,
Rizal; a teacher and musician.
• OLYMPIA RIZAL (1855-1887) The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in
1887 from childbirth.
• LUCIA RIZAL (1857-1919) The fifth child. Married MatrianoHerbosa.
• MARIA RIZAL (1859-1945) The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan,
Laguna.
• JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896) The second son and the seventh child. He was executed
by the Spaniards on December 30,1896. • CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865) The
eight child. Died at the age of three.
• JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945) The ninth child. An epileptic, died a spinster.
• TRINIDAD RIZAL (1868-1951) The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the
family to die.
• SOLEDAD RIZAL (1870-1929) The youngest child married Pantaleon Quintero.
JOSE RIZAL’S EDUCATION
• Jose Rizal’s first teacher was his mother, who had taught him how to read and pray
and who had encouraged him to write poetry. Later, private tutors taught the young
Rizal Spanish and Latin, before he was sent to a private school in Biñan.
• Rizal first studied under Justiniano Aquino Cruz in Biñan, Laguna before he was
sent to Manila. As to his father's request, he took the entrance examination in Colegio
de San Juan de Letran and studied there for almost three months. The Dominican
friars asked him to transfer to another school due to his radical and bold questions.
• When he was 11 years old, Rizal entered the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. He
earned excellent marks in subjects like philosophy, physics, chemistry, and natural
history. At this school, he read novels; wrote prize-winning poetry (and even a
melodrama—“Junto al Pasig”); and practiced drawing, painting, and clay modeling, all
of which remained lifelong interests for him.
• Rizal eventually earned a land surveyor’s and assessor’s degree from the Ateneo
Municipal while taking up Philosophy and Letters at the University of Santo Tomas.
Upon learning that his mother was going blind, Rizal opted to study ophthalmology at
the UST Faculty of Medicine and Surgery. He, however, was not able to complete the
course because “he became politically isolated by adversaries among the faculty and
clergy who demanded that he assimilate to their system.”
• Without his parents' knowledge and consent, but secretly supported by his brother
Paciano, he traveled alone to Madrid, Spain in May 1882 and studied medicine at the
Universidad Central de Madrid where he earned the degree, Licentiate in Medicine.
Also, he also attended medical lectures at the University of Paris and theUniversity of
Heidelberg. In Berlin he was inducted as a member of the Berlin Ethnological Society
and the Berlin Anthropological Society under the patronage of the famous pathologist
Rudolf Virchow.
Rizal when he was 11 years old at the

Ateneo municipal de manila.
José Rizal as a student at the University of

Santo Tomas
• José was designed by nature to be an artist. This he revealed before he was five
years of age, for without any assistance from others he began to draw with his pencil
and to mould in wax or clay any object he saw about him. Fortunately, his mother,
father, and uncles recognized this unusual talent and gave him every encouragement.
• There was a also a time when Rizal was able to draw a bird flying nearby without
lifting the pencil he was using from the paper till the picture he drew was finished. He
can also draw a running horse and a chasing dog.
• Jose Rizal also owned a pony and used it to have long rides into the surrounding
country which was rich in scenery. He also took long walks together with his big black
dog named Usman. He also loved to play with the doves in his neighborhood. He
learned about the myths and legends in Laguna after sleeping through the nut in a
little straw hut used by Laguna farmers during the harvest season. Rizal was also good
in hand tricks which he perfected to amaze the simple folk and performed magic
lantern exhibitions.
• The little boy spent also much of his time in the church, which was conveniently near,
but when the mother suggested that this might be an indication of religious inclination,
his prompt response was that he liked to watch the people.
• Even in his childhood, Rizal already knew how to respect the rights of others and
requested his elders to reason with him rather than get mad at him for small offenses.
He became a welcome companion for adults even at his young age since he respected
their moods and was never a hindrance to their activities.
• Three uncles who were brothers of his mother also had much influence on the early
childhood of Jose Rizal. The youngest uncle named Jose, took care of teaching
regular lessons to Rizal. His huge uncle Manuel developed his physique until he had
a body of silk and steel and no longer a skinny and sickly boy. The last uncle, Gregorio
instilled in the mind of Rizal that it was not easy to obtain something until you put effort
into it.
• The childhood of Jose Rizal can be characterized by his desire to learn, even
frequenting the church nearby his home to watch and observe people but not to be
religiously inclined. Jose Rizal was not a physically blessed or strong child however,
he had a strong will guided and taught by his mother, his first teacher. He learned
almost without the use of books. His mother was the one who laid the foundation of
his great knowledge achieved in such a short time. His brilliance was also the
character of the young Jose Rizal.
Answer the following questions.
1. Describe the family background of Jose Rizal.
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2. Why did the Dominican Friars in San Juan de Letran asked Rizal to transef
another school?
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3. Compare the experiences of Rizal as a Student in Ateneo de Municipal and

UST.
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CHILDHOOD AND EDUCATON OF RIZAL

Rizal when he was 11 years old at the

José Rizal as a student at the University of

3. Compare the experiences of Rizal as a Student in Ateneo de Municipal and

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