INTERPOL

International Criminal Police Organization

TRANSNATIONAL CRIMES
WHAT ARE THE EXISTING POLICE
AGENCIES IN THE PHILIPPINES
🠶 PNP
- It was established by Republic Act Nr. 6975 as the nation’s leading law
enforcement agency under the DILG. It’s original name was the DILG Act of
1990. This means that this law was approved in 1990 by then President Corazon
Aquino, particularly on December 13.
More than 7 years later, with the objective to modernize and professionalize
the PNP, former President Fidel Ramos approved a new police act Republic
Act Nr. 8551 is otherwise called as PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of
1998. This law still supports the concept that the PNP is the primary law
enforcement organization in the Philippines, which is the national in scope and
civilian in character.
Other significant law enforcement agencies include NBI, LTO, PDEA,
MMDA and PACER (Police Anti Crime Emergency Response Team)
THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF POLICE
SERVICE
1. HOME RULE THEORY
2. CONTINENTAL THEORY
B. THE FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
CONCERNING POLICE SERVICE
1. OLD CONCEPT
2. MODERN CONCEPT
POLICE ORGANIZATION
CONCEPTS AND PRNCIPLES
🠶 POLICE ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT
- Components of an organization delegated to perform specific tasks
functions.
1. BUREAU- largest organic unit within a large department, each bureau is
composed of a number of divisions.
2. DIVISION- the primary subdivision of a bureau
3. SECTION- smaller functional unit within a division that is necessary for
specialization purposes.
4. UNIT- the smallest group within a section when further specialization is
needed.
Geographical Units

A. POST- A fixed point or location where a police officer is assigned for

duty, such as designated desk (station desk), an intersection or cross
walk, or a point of ingress and egress; a permanent spot for general
guard duty.
B. ROUTE- a length of street designated for patrol purposes; also called LINE
BEAT.
C. BEAT- an area assigned for patrol purposes, whether by foot or motorized.
D. SECTOR- an area containing two or more beats, routes, or posts
E. DISTRICT- a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes, usually
with its own station.
F. AREA- a section or territorial division of a large city or metropolis, each
composed of designated districts.
POLICE FUNCTIONS

Duties and responsibilities explicitly carried out by police agencies to meet the
demands concerning public order and public safety.
Types of Police Functions
🠶 Line Functions - these are designed to meet the basic police mission like patrol,
traffic enforcement, or criminal investigation.
🠶 Staff Functions - those that exist to support line functions, either directly or
indirectly like planning and research unit.
🠶 Auxiliary Support Services
Those charged with the responsibility of giving immediate assistance to the
operations of line elements like communications and crime laboratory services.
🠶 Administrative Services
Those that provide services that are of less immediate assistance and are
supportive of the entire police department like personnel and training.
 Functions of the Police

🠶 Maintain peace and order

🠶 Enforce the laws in their respective assigned jurisdictions.
🠶 Prevent crimes.
🠶 Make arrests, searches, and seizure in accordance with law.
🠶 Investigate crimes.
🠶 Prosecute offenders.
🠶 Ensure public safety.
🠶 Protect life and property.
PRINCIPLES OF POLICE ORGANIZATION

Principle of Unity Objectives - Every police officer should play a part in the attainment of the objectives of
the police organization.
Principle of Organizational Efficiency - This principle requires that, in order that the PNP organization is
effective, it must be structured in a certain manner to accomplish the objectives with a minimum cost.
Scalar Principle - This principle requires a vertical hierarchy of an organization which defines the unbroken
chain of units and command from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority.
Unity of Command
It states that a group of police officers should only be under the control of one superior or ranking police
officer.
Span of Control
It states that a senior police officer should be provided with men not more than what he can effectively
direct.
Delegation of Authority
A superior officer must designate some of his immediate subordinates to exercise a part of his administrative
power. However, the power passed on by the superior officer carries an
appropriate responsibility.
🠶 Functional Principle - This principle is otherwise known as division of work
according to type, place, time, and specialization.
🠶 Line and Staff Principle - It implies a system of varied functions arranged into a
workable pattern.
🠶 Principle of Balance - Application of the principles of organization must be
balanced to ensure the effectiveness of the patrol force in accomplishing its
objectives.
🠶 Principle of Absoluteness of Responsibility - It states that the responsibility for
performance of the deputy chief to the chief of police is absolute
(unconditional) and vice versa, and that the chief of police cannot escape
his accountability on the activities performed by his subordinates.
🠶 Principle of Flexibility - It states that there is higher tendency that the PNP can
fulfill its purpose if the organization receives more provisions for flexibility
(adaptability).
TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

🠶 Line Organization
It is sometimes called the individual, military, or departmental type of organization.
It is the simplest perhaps the oldest type.
🠶 Functional Organization
It violates the prime rule that men perform best when they have but one supervisor.
It divides responsibility and authority between several specialists such as the person
responsible for all training.
🠶 Line and Staff Organization
It is a combination of the line and functional types.
It combines staff specialist or units with line organization so that service of
knowledge can be provided line personnel by specialist.
INTRODUCTION TO THE DIFFERENT LAW
ENFORCEMENT AND PUBLIC SAFETY
AGENCIES
The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein
power is equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and
judicial. The Executive branch carries out laws through the different
departments. These departments form a large portion of the country’s
bureaucracy responsible in enforcing laws. (Philippine Information Agency,
2020)
Department of Interior and
Local Government (DILG)
the executive department responsible for promoting peace and order,
ensuring public safety, and strengthening the capability of local government
units to effectively deliver basic services to the citizenry. (DILG.GOV.PH, 2013)
🠶 Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)
🠶 Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
🠶 Local Government Bureaus
🠶 National Police Commission
🠶 Philippine National Police
🠶 Philippine Public Safety College
Department of Justice (DOJ)
acts as the principal law agency and legal counsel of the government. It serves as
the government’s prosecution arm and administers the government’s criminal
justice system by investigating crimes, prosecuting offenders, and overseeing the
correctional system. (DOJ.GOV.PH, 2018)
🠶 Bureau of Corrections
🠶 National Bureau of Investigation
🠶 Parole and Probation Administration
🠶 Presidential Commission on Good Government
🠶 Public Attorney’s Office
🠶 Office for Alternative Dispute Resolution
🠶 Office of the Government Corporate Counsel
🠶 Office of Solicitor General
🠶 Land Registration Authority
Department of National Defense (DND)
mandated to safeguard the country against external and internal threats to
national peace and security, promote the welfare of soldiers and veterans,
and provide support for economic and social development. (Official
Gazette, 2020)
🠶 Armed Forces of the Philippines
🠶 Government Arsenal
🠶 National Defense College of the Philippines
🠶 Office of Civil Defense
🠶 Philippine Veterans Office
Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD
the primary government agency mandated to develop, implement, and
coordinate social protection and poverty-reduction solutions for and with the
poor, vulnerable, and disadvantaged. (Official Gazette, 2020)
🠶 Council for the Welfare of Children
🠶 Inter-Country Adoption Board
🠶 National Youth Commission
🠶 National Council on Disability Affairs
🠶 Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council
Department of Transportation (DOTr)

the primary policy, planning, programming, coordinating, implementing and

administrative entity of the executive branch of the government on the
promotion, development and regulation of a dependable and coordinated
network of transportation systems, as well as in the fast, safe, efficient and
reliable transportation services. (DOTR.GOV.PH, 2020)
🠶 Land Transportation Office

🠶 Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board

🠶 Philippine Coast Guard

🠶 Civil Aviation of the Philippines

🠶 Manila International Airport

🠶 Clark International Airport Corporation

🠶 Civil Aeronautics Board

🠶 Mactan-Cebu International Airport Authority

🠶 Philippine Aerospace Development Corporation

🠶 Office of Transportation Cooperatives

🠶 Philippine National Railways

🠶 Light Rail Transit Authority

🠶 North Luzon railways

🠶 Philippine Ports Authority

🠶 Maritime Industry Authority

🠶 Cebu Ports Authority

🠶 Philippine Merchant Marine Academy

Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR)
is responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies, guidelines,
and rules related to environmental management, as well as the management
and conservation of the country’s natural resources. The DENR also implements
rules and regulations governing the exploration, development, extraction,
disposition, and use of forests, minerals, wildlife, and other natural resources.
(Official Gazette, 2020)
Department of Finance (DOF)

🠶 a government institution that formulates fiscal policy. Carrying out its basic function of revenue
generation to ensure adequate financing for the needs of the country has led to an expansion of
the DOF’s role over time. (DOF.GOV.PH, 2020)
🠶 Bureau of Internal Revenue
🠶 Bureau of Customs
🠶 Bureau of Treasury
🠶 Bureau of Local Government Finance
🠶 Insurance Commission
🠶 National Tax Research Center
🠶 Central Board Assessment Appeal
🠶 Philippine Deposit Insurance Corporation
🠶 Philippine Export-Import Credit Agency
🠶 Privatization and Management Office
🠶 Security and Exchange Commission
Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)
is the prime agency responsible for the pursuit of the State’s foreign policy.
The DFA advises and assists the President in planning, coordinating, and
evaluating the total national effort in the field of foreign relations. (Official
Gazette, 2020)
🠶 Bureau of Immigration
🠶 Foreign Service Institute
🠶 Technical Cooperation Council of the Philippines
🠶 UNESCO National Commission of the Philippines Secretariat
Department of Health (DOH

is the principal health agency in the Philippines. It is responsible for ensuring

access to basic public health services to all Filipinos through the provision of
quality health care and regulation of providers of health goods and services.
(LAWPHIL.NET, 2020)
🠶 Philippine Health Insurance Corporation
🠶 Philippine National Aids Council
🠶 Philippine Institute of Traditional Health Care
🠶 Population Commission
🠶 Dangerous Drugs Board
🠶 National Nutrition Council
Other agencies under the Office of the
President
🠶 THIS WILL BE FURTHER DISCUSS BY NEXT MEETING!
🠶 YOU MAY RAISE YOUR QUESTIONS IF YOU DID NOT UNDERSTAND
SOMETHING .
 DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
(KAGAWARAN NG KAPALIGIRAN AT LIKAS NA YAMAN)

HISTORY

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources was first established

on January 1, 1917 as the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources (DANR)
through the enactment of Act No. 2666 by the Philippine Commission, otherwise
known as "An Act to Re-organize the Executive Department of the Government of
the Philippine Islands, “on 18 November 1916.
In 1932, the DANR was reorganized into the Department of Agriculture and
Commerce (DAC).
In 1947, a reorganization act changed the DAC back to the Department of
Agriculture and Natural Resources.
The Natural Resources arm of the DANR was finally spun off on May 17, 1974 as
the Ministry of Natural Resources.
On January 30, 1987, the Ministry was reorganized into the Department of
Environment, Energy and Natural Resources, by Executive Order No. 131
Finally, it was reorganized into the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources by Executive Order No. 192 on June 10, 1987.

POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

The powers and functions of the DENR, per Section 5 of E.O. 192, are as follows:
1. Advise the President on the enactment of laws relative to the development, use,
regulation and conservation of the country's natural resources and the control of
pollution;
2. Formulate, implement and supervise the government's policies, plans and
programs pertaining to the management, conservation, development, use
and replenishment of the country's natural resources.
3. Promulgate rules and regulations in accordance with law governing the
exploration, development, conservation, extraction, disposition, use and such
other commercial activities tending to cause the depletion and degradation of
our natural resources;
4. Exercise supervision and control over forest lands, alienable and disposable
lands, and mineral resources and impose appropriate payments, fees, charges,
rentals and any such form of levy and collect such revenues for the
exploration, development, utilization or gathering of such resources;
5. Undertake exploration, assessment, classification and inventory of the country's
natural resources using ground surveys.
6. Promote proper and mutual consultation with the private sector involving natural
resources development, use and conservation;
 7. Undertake geological surveys of the whole country including its territorial
waters; Establish policies and implement programs for the:
8. Preservation of cultural and natural heritage through wildlife conservation
and segregation of national parks and other protected areas;
9. Maintenance of a wholesome natural environment by enforcing
environmental protections laws; and
10.Encouragement of greater people's participation and private initiative in natural
resource management

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

RESPONSIBILITIES

The Department is the primary agency responsible for the conservation,

management, development, and proper use of the country's environment and natural
resources, specifically forest and grazing lands, mineral resources, including those in
reservation and watershed areas, and lands of the public domain.
Assume responsibility for the assessment, development, protection, conservation,
licensing and regulation as provided for by law.
Monitoring of service contractors, licensees, lessees, and permittees for the
extraction, exploration, development and utilization of natural resource products.
The implementation of programs and measures with the end in view of promoting
close collaboration between the government and the private sector;
The enforcement of natural resources laws, rules and regulations.

RECRUITMENT PROCESS

•The first stage of the recruitment process is the Career Examination Service (CES).
•The CES- Written Examination (CES-WE) is formerly known as the Management
Aptitude Test Battery (MATB).
•The passers shall then take the Assessment Center, the second stage of the CES
eligibility examination process.
•The third stage is the Validation that facilitates a detailed inquiry, examination and
verification of the candidate’s on-the-job performance, managerial/behavioral
competence and integrity.
• The fourth and last stage of the examination process is the Panel Interview.
•The CES Board defines the CES as the “third Level” or the managerial class in the
group of career positions in the Philippines Civil Service.
•The CES was created by PD No.1 to “Form a continuing pool of well-selected and
development-oriented career administrators who shall provide competent and
faithful service.”
TRAINING

Training Programs:
•Executive/Managerial
•Technical
•Support
Example of Programs under DENR and Human Resource and Development:
Education (Scholarship Programs)
Local
•Mining Engineering, Geology, and the Metallurgical Engineering
•Master in public Management major in Rural Development
•Professional Masters in Tropical marine and Ecosystems Management
•Master in Forestry
•Public Management Development Program

Health and Wellness

Benefits of a healthy workforce:
•improved resilience
•improved retention
•fewer accidents
=reduced sickness
•higher commitment
•higher productivity

PROMOTION

• Merit promotion
• Promotion in the service is based on merit and fitness. When promoted, they
advance from their present position to a higher one with corresponding increase
in duties and responsibilities as authorized by law and usually with an increase in
salary.
• When a position becomes vacant, an employee may be considered a
candidate for it if he or she is competent, and meet the minimum educational
qualification, experience and eligibility requirements for the position, whether or
not to occupy the next-in-rank position.
 • The agency has a Merit and Promotion Plan. The Personnel Selection Board is
created by the agency to screen and deliberate all candidates for
appointment or promotion.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SYSTEM

Adjectival Rating Numerical Rating Assigned Weights

Outstanding 4.85-5 (100%) 40 pts

4.6- 4.84 (95%) 38 pts

Very Satisfactory 4.2- 4.59 (90%) 36 pts

3.9- 4.19(85%) 34 pts

3.6- 3.89 (80%) 32 pts

Satisfactory 2.6-3.59 30 pts

EDUCATION AND TRAINING (20 PTS)

A. Education (12 pts)

• In excess of the minimum educational requirements

Core - 12 points
Support - 10 points
30 units and above - 5 points
Less than 30 units - 2 points

B. Training (8 pts)
 Core Training

80 hours and above - 8 points

59-79 hours - 6 points

38-58 hours - 4 points

37 Hours and below - 2 points

EXPERIENCE AND OUTSTANDING ACCOMPLISHMENTS (20 PTS.)

A. Experience (15 points

8 years and above - 15 points

5 years to 7 years - 10 points

1-4 years (minimum) - 5 points

B. Outstanding Accomplishments (5 POINTS)

National Awards (with the President as the signatory) - 3

points Others (DENR, NGO, Rotary, other offices

and work related) - 2 points

RETIREMENT
Compulsory retirement
-When an official or employee reaches the age of 65 years old.
Optional retirement
-When an official or employee has rendered at least 15 years of service and is at least
60 years of age at the time of retirement.

DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
Failure to comply with the existing laws, rules and regulations. Any erring public
officer/employees shall be subjected to:

1.1 1st Offense. - Reprimand;

1.2. 2nd Offense - Suspension of one (1) to thirty (30) days; and
1.33rd Offense - Dismissal from the service
 Department of Justice (Kagawaran ng Katarungan)

The department that is under the executive of the Philippine government responsible for
upholding the rule of law in the Philippines.

Vision:
 A just and peaceful society anchored on the principles of transparency,
accountability, fairness and truth.
Mission:
 Effective, efficient and equitable administration of justice.
History:
The Department of Justice traces its beginnings at the Revolutionary Assembly in Naic,
Cavite on April 17, 1897. The establishment of a regime of law was tasked to Don
Severino delas Alas who headed the Department of Grace and Justice. Shortly after
the proclamation of Independence in Kawit, Cavite on June 12, 1898,
President Emilio Aguinaldo issued a decree on September 26, 1898 reorganizing the
Department.

A year later, the American military force established the Office of the Attorney of
the Supreme Court in place ofthe Department. On June ll, 1901, the new office was
renamed the Office of the Attorney General and on September 1, 1901, the Office
became the Department of Finance and Justice.

In the 1916 government reorganization, the Department became a separate entity and
was given executive supervision over all courts of first instance and other inferior
courts.

Under the Japanese occupation, the Department was made a Commission. The
civilian government established by the Japanese in 1943 changed it to a Ministry. After
the war in 1945, the Govemment of the Philippine Commonwealth was re-
established and the Department of Justice was re-activated. The Department continued
in this form under the Philippine Republic.

Presidential Decree No. 1 during Martial Law reorganized the Executive Branch of
the national government. Letter of Implementation No. 20 of December 31, 1972
organized the Department proper into the Office of the Secretary, the Financial and
Management Service, the Administrative Service, Technical StaftQ the Prosecution
Staff, the Legal Staff and the Judiciary Division; the Commission on Immigration and
Deportation, the National Bureau of Investigation, the Office of the Govemment
Corporate Counsel; the Board of Pardons and Parole; the Bureau of Prisons; and the
Citizens Legal Assistance Office.
Under the 1973 Constitution, Department became a Ministry of Justice. The 1986
People Power Revolution ushered in the contemporary Department of Justice.

With the adoption of the 1987 Constitution and the Administrative Code of 1987
(Executive Order No. 292), the Department of Justice was named as the principal
law agency of the Republic of the Philippines serving as its legal counsel and
prosecution arm.

Today, the DOJ continues to pursue its primary mission "To Uphold the Rule of Law" with
its "Justice for All" motto. The Office of the Secretary (OSEC) is composed of the
National Prosecution Service, the Legal Staff, the Administrative, Financial, Technical
and Planning and Management Services and the Board of Pardons and Parole. The
constituent and attached agencies include the National Bureau of Investigation
(NBI), Bureau of Immigration (BI), Public Attorney’s Office (PAO), Office of the
Solicitor General (OSG), Office of the Government Corporate Counsel (OGCC),
Bureau of Corrections (BuCOR), Parole and Probation Administration (PPA),
Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG) and the Land Registration
Authority (LRA).
Mandate:
• The Department of Justice (DOJ) derives its mandate primarily from
the Administrative Code of 1987 (Executive Order No. 292). It carries out this
mandate through the Department Proper and the Department's attached
agencies under the direct control and supervision of the Secretary of Justice.
• Under Executive Order (EO) 292, the DOJ is the government's principal law
agency. As such, the DOJ serves as the government's prosecution arm and
administers the government's criminal justice system by investigating
crimes, prosecuting offenders and overseeing the correctional system.
• The DOJ, through its offices and constituent/attached agencies, is also the
government's legal counsel and representative in litigations and proceedings
requiring the services of a lawyer; implements the Philippines' laws on the
admission and stay of aliens within its territory; and provides free legal services
to indigent and other qualified citizens.
Functions:
• Administration of the Criminal Justice System
 Investigates the commission of crimes and prosecute offenders.
 Administers the probation and correction system of the country.
• Legal Counsel of Government.
 Acts as the legal representative of the Government of the Philippines, it’s
agencies and instrumentalities including government owned and
controlled corporations and their subsidiaries, officials and agents in
proceeding, investigation or matter requiring the service of a lawyer.
• Administration of the Criminal Justice System
 Investigates the commission of crimes and prosecute offenders.
 Administers the probation and correction system of the country.
• Legal Counsel of Government.
  Acts as the legal representative of the Government of the Philippines, it’s
agencies and instrumentalities including government owned and
controlled corporations and their subsidiaries, officials and agents in
proceeding, investigation or matter requiring the service of a lawyer.
• Regulation of Immigration
 Provides immigration and naturalization regulatory services
and implements the laws regulatory services and implements the laws
governing citizenship and the admission and stay of aliens through the
Bureau of Immigration.
• International Cooperation
 The central authority of the Republic of the Philippines relative to the
extradition and mutual legal assistance treaties (MLAT) on criminal matters
and is involved in several aspects of international cooperation such as the
drafting and implementation of legislation and agreements as well as the
negotiation of extradition and MLAT.
Organizational Structure

Parole and Probation Administration

 The Parole and Probation Administration (PPA) provides a less costly alternative
to imprisonment of offenders who are likely to respond to individualized
community- based treatment programs.
 Probation and parole are privileges which allow criminals to avoid prison or to be
released from prison after serving only a portion of their sentences. The goals of
 probation and parole are to rehabilitate offenders and guide them back into
society while minimizing the likelihood that they will commit a new offense.
Brief History:

 First introduced in the Philippines during the American colonial period (1898–
1945) with the enactment of Act No. 4221 of the Philippine Legislature on
August 7, 1935. This law created a Probation Office under the Department of
Justice
 On November 16, 1937, after barely two years of existence, the Supreme Court
of the Philippines declared the Probation Law unconstitutional because of some
defects in the law's procedural framework.

 In 1972, House Bill No. 393 was filed in Congress, which would establish a
probation system in the Philippines. This bill avoided the objectionable features
of Act 4221 that struck down the 1935 law as unconstitutional. The bill was
passed by the House of Representatives, but was pending in the Senate when
Martial Law was declared and Congress was abolished.
 In 1972, House Bill No. 393 was filed in Congress, which would establish a
probation system in the Philippines. This bill avoided the objectionable features
of Act 4221 that struck down the 1935 law as unconstitutional. The bill was
passed by the House of Representatives, but was pending in the Senate when
Martial Law was declared and Congress was abolished.

 In 1975, the National Police Commission Interdisciplinary drafted a Probation

Law. After 18 technical hearings over a period of six months, the draft decree
was presented to a selected group of 369 jurists, penologists, civic leaders
and social and behavioral scientists and practitioners. The group
overwhelmingly endorsed the establishment of an Adult Probation System in
the country.
 On July 24, 1976, Presidential Decree No. 968, also known as Adult Probation
Law of 1976, was signed into Law by the President of the Philippines
 The probation system started to operate on January 3, 1978. As more probation
officers were recruited and trained, more field offices were opened. There are at
present 204 field offices spread all over the country, supervised by 15 regional
offices.
 The Probation Administration was created by virtue of Presidential Decree No.
968, “The Probation Law of 1976”, signed by then President Ferdinand E.
Marcos to administer the probation system.
 Under Executive Order No. 292, “The Administrative Code of 1987” which was
promulgated on November 23, 1989, the Probation Administration was renamed
“Parole and Probation Administration” and given the added function of
supervising prisoners who, after serving part of their sentence in jails are
released on parole pardon with parole conditions
 Effective August 17, 2005, by virtue of a Memorandum of Agreement with the
Dangerous Drugs Board, the Administration performs another additional function
of investigating and supervising first-time minor drug offenders who are placed
on suspended pursuant to Republic Act No. 9165.
Mandate:
• The Parole and Probation Administration is mandated to conserve and/ or redeem
convicted offenders who are under the probation or parole.
Mission:
• To rehabilitate probationers, parolees and pardonees, and promote their
development as integral persons by utilizing innovative interventions and
techniques which respect the dignity of man and recognize his divine destiny.
Vision:
• A model component of the Philippine Correctional system that shall enhance the
quality of life o its clients through multi-disciplinary programs and resources, an
efficient organization, and highly professional and committed workforce in order
to promote social justice and development.
Organizational Structure

Powers and Functions:

• To administer the parole and probation system
• To exercise supervision over parolees, pardonees and probationers
• To promote the correction and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.
Responsibilities:
• Responsible in providing a less costly alternative to imprisonment of first-time
offenders who are likely to respond to individualized community-based treatment
programs.

Board of Pardons and Parole

 • SECTION 1. Policy Objectives. — Under the provisions of Act No. 4103, as
amended, otherwise known as the “Indeterminate Sentence Law”, which was
approved on December 5, 1933, it is the function of the Board of Pardons
and Parole to uplift and redeem valuable human material to economic
usefulness and to prevent unnecessary and excessive deprivation of personal
liberty by way of parole or through executive clemency. Towards this end,
the Board undertakes the following:
a. Looks into the physical, mental and moral records of prisoners who are eligible
for parole or any form of executive clemency and determines the proper time
of release of such prisoners on parole;
b. Assists in the full rehabilitation of individuals on parole or those under
conditional pardon with parole conditions, by way of parole supervision; and,
c. Recommends to the President of the Philippines the grant of any form of
executive clemency to prisoners other than those entitled to parole.
• SECTION 17. Board of Pardons and Parole. —The Board of Pardons and Parole
shall continue to discharge the powers and functions as provided in existing
law and such additional functions as may be provided by law.
• SECTION 18. Board Composition.—The Board shall be composed of the Secretary
as Chairman and six (6) members consisting of: The Administrator of the Parole
and Probation Administration as ex-officio member, a sociologist, a
clergyman, an educator, a person with training and experience in correction
work, and a member of the Philippine Bar; Provided, that one of them is a
woman. The members of the Board shall be appointed by the President upon
the recommendation of the Secretary and shall hold office for a term of six (6)
years, without prejudice to reappointment.
In case of vacancy by reason of death, incapacity, resignation or removal of
any of the Board members, the Secretary shall have the authority to
designate a temporary member possessing the qualifications of his predecessor
and to serve out his unexpired term or until the President shall have
appointed a regular member to fill the vacancy.
• SECTION 21. Board Rules and Regulations. —The Board is hereby authorized
to establish and prescribe, subject to the approval of the Secretary, rules
and regulations to govern the proceedings of the Board.
Composition of the Boards of Pardon and Parole:
• Chairman - Secretary of the DOJ
• Ex-Officio – Probation Administrator of the Parole and Probation Administration
Members:
 Sociologist
 Clergyman/Educator
 Psychiatrist
 Person qualified for the work by training and a member of the Philippine Bar.

Bureau of Corrections
 The Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) is charged with custody and rehabilitation
of national offenders, that is, those sentenced to serve a term of
imprisonment of more than three (3) years.
Brief History:
  The Bureau of Corrections was established on November 1, 1905 under the
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION through REORGANIZATION ACT 1407 of
the PHILIPPINE COMMISSION until it was transferred to the DEPARTMENT OF
JUSTICE.
 SECTION 26 of the ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1987 issued November 23, 1989
under PROCLAMATION NO. 495 of the PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES changed
the name of the BUREAU OF PRISONS to BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS.
 On May 24, 2013, PRESIDENT BENIGNO SIMEON C. AQUINO III signed into law
the REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10575 otherwise known as THE BUREAU OF
CORRECTIONS ACT of 2013 which provides for the Modernization,
Professionalization and Restructuring of the bureau.
Organizational Structure:

Powers and Functions:

• Safe keep prisoners convicted by courts three (3) years and one (1) day and
above to serve sentence in prison.
• Prevent prisoners from committing crimes while in custody.
• Provide inmates basic needs.
• Ensure rehabilitation programs are made available to the inmates for their
physical, intellectual and spiritual development.
 • Develop livelihood programs to assist inmates earn a living and develop their
skills while in prison.
• Safe keep prisoners convicted by courts three (3) years and one (1) day and
above to serve sentence in prison.
• Prevent prisoners from committing crimes while in custody.
• Provide inmates basic needs.
• Ensure rehabilitation programs are made available to the inmates for their
physical, intellectual and spiritual development.
• Develop livelihood programs to assist inmates earn a living and develop their
skills while in prison.
Responsibilities and Duties:
• They maintain security by preventing disturbances, assaults, and escapes.
Correctional officers supervise the daily activities of inmates, ensuring that
inmates obey the rules. On any given day, officers search inmates for
contraband, such as weapons and drugs, settle disputes between inmates, and
enforce discipline.
• Inspect facilities to ensure that they meet standard.
• Enforce rules and keep order within jails and prisons.
• Aid in rehabilitation and counselling of offenders.
Qualifications:
Applicants who wish to become a part of the Bureau as a Corrections Officer or a
Corrections Technical Officer must possess the following qualifications:
• He or she must be a Filipino citizen;
• Must be of good moral character and not have been convicted by final
judgment of any offense or crime involving moral turpitude;
• Must be a graduate of a baccalaureate degree;
• The applicant must be at least 5’4″ (male) or 5’2″ (female) in height*;
• Must possess any of the following eligibilities:
• Passer of Civil Service Exam-Professional Level (2nd Level Eligibility)
• RA 1080 (Bar or Board Examination)
• P.D. 907 (College Latin honors)
• He or she must not be less than 21 years but not more than 40 years of age;

Benefits:
• The base pay, allowances and other benefits of the personnel shall be in
accordance with the existing compensation and position classification laws
and regulations.
• A new Corrections Officer 1 or a Corrections Technical Officer 1 will receive a
basic salary of
• Php 29,668. In addition to the basic salary, he or she will be entitled to longevity
pay and other allowances. Since he/she is working in the government, the person
will enjoy a security of tenure and free advance training and seminars.
• The base pay, allowances and other benefits of the personnel shall be in
accordance with the existing compensation and position classification laws
and regulations.
• A new Corrections Officer 1 or a Corrections Technical Officer 1 will receive a
basic salary of
 • Work opportunities in more than 150 locations nationwide.
• Discounted health insurance.
• Personal accident insurance.
• Health checks including cholesterol, blood sugar and blood pressure.
• Eye examinations and eye wears
Promotion:
• Their system regarding promotion is based on merit and availability of vacant
ranks in the BuCor staffing pattern. This system is gender fair to ensure that
women personnel of the BuCor shall enjoy equal opportunity for promotion as to
men.
• Before an officer will be promoted, there must be an established performance
evaluation system which shall be administered in accordance with the rules,
regulations and standards, and a code of conduct for the personnel of the
BuCor to be promulgated by the BuCor through the DOJ.
• The rating system for the promotion is based on standards prescribed by the
BuCor through the DOJ and shall be considered the result of the annual
psychiatric/psychological and physical test conducted on the personnel of
BuCor.
Retirement:
• Upon compulsory retirement (retirement age is 56 yrs.old), any custodial officer
from the rank of Corrections Chief Superintendent and below shall be entitled to
retirement benefits computed on the basis of one grade higher than the position
last held.
Disciplinary Mechanism:
• A complaint against personnel or the office of the BuCor IAS is brought to the
office of DG for appropriate action.
• The BuCor IAS handles all administrative cases, investigations on issues
connected to employees, conducts alternative dispute resolutions, and issues
certification on administrative status.
• Personnel of the agency who incurred offences receive certain punishments as to
the gravity of offense, personnel will either receive temporary suspension of duty
or will be dishonorably discharged from duty, and will be accompanied with
an administrative case depending on the case.
National Prosecution Service
• Mandated to assist the Secretary of Justice in the performance of powers and
functions of the department, relative to its role as the prosecution arm of the
government, particularly the investigation and prosecution of criminal offenses.
Organizational Structure:

Office of the
Secretary Prosecution Staff

-Prosecutor
General

Senior Deputy Senior Assistant Prosecution

Deputy State Assistant State
State Prosecutors (5) State prosecutors (35) Attorneys (20)
Prosecutors (5) Prosecutors (80)

Powers and Functions:

• Assist the secretary of Justice in the exercise of his/her appellate jurisdiction;
• Conduct the preliminary investigation and prosecution of criminal cases involving
national security, those for which task forces have been created and criminal
cases whose venues are transferred to avoid miscarriage of justice, all when so
directed by the Secretary of Justice as public interest may require;
• Act as counsel for the People of the Philippines in any case involving or arising
from a criminal complaint investigated by any of its prosecutors and pending
before any trial court;
• Investigate administrative charges against prosecutors, other prosecution
officers and members of their support staff;
• Prepare legal opinions on queries involving violations of the Revised Penal
Code and special penal laws; and
• Monitor all criminal cases filed with the Office of the Prosecutor General; maintain
an updated record of the status of each case, and adopt such systems and
procedures as will expedite the monitoring and disposition of cases.
Responsibilities:
• Assist the Secretary of Justice in the performance of powers and functions of the
Department relative to its role as the prosecution arm of the government,
particularly the investigation and prosecution of criminal offenses.
Recruitment:
• DOJ Website Advertisement
• SPB (Selection and Promotion Board)
Training:
 • Aspiring prosecutors need to gain practical experience by participating in
legal clinics, by means of research and writing on legal issues for a school’s law
journals, as well as through practice trials under the supervision of lawyers and
judges.
Promotion:
• Whenever a province or city shall have had at least twenty-five (25) prosecutors
or a city shall have been made a part of a metropolitan area established by
law, each level of the prosecution position items of the Office of the Provincial
Prosecutor or Office of the City Prosecutor thereof shall be automatically
upgraded one rank higher and shall have the corresponding position titles
provided in this section.
• The Prosecutor General and Senior Deputy State Prosecutors shall act as a
Selection and Promotion Board to screen for appointment or promotion to
any prosecutorial position in the Office of the Prosecutor General. The
regional prosecutor, provincial prosecutor or city prosecutor shall sit as a
member of the Board whenever it considers applicants for positions in his/her
office. The Prosecutor General shall be the chairperson of the Board.

Retirement:
• Compulsory Retirement
 also known as enforced retirement, is the set age at which people who
hold certain jobs or offices are required by industry custom or by law
to leave their employment, or retire.
• Optional Retirement
 the employee chooses to retire, under normal circumstances.
Benefits:
• When a prosecutor, who has rendered at least fifteen (15) years of service either
in the National Prosecution Service or in any branch of government, or in
both, retires for having attained the age of sixty-five (65) years or resigns by
reason of incapacity to discharge the duties of his/her office, he/she shall, during
the residue of his/her natural life, in the manner hereinafter Provided, receive
a retirement pension based on the highest monthly salary, plus the highest
monthly aggregate of transportation, living and representation allowances,
which he/she was receiving at the time of his/her retirement or resignation.
• When a prosecutor has attained the age of sixty (60) years and has rendered at
least fifteen (15) years of service in government, the last five (5) years of which
must have been continuously rendered in the prosecution service, he/she
shall likewise be entitled to retire and receive during the residue of his/her
natural life the same benefits.
• All pension benefits of retired prosecutors of the National Prosecution Service
shall be automatically increased whenever there is an increase in the salary
and allowance of the same position from which he retired.
Disciplinary Mechanism:
• Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees
(Republic Act No. 6713)
 Bureau of Immigration
 The immigration regulatory and control body of the Philippines.
Brief History:
 Bureau of Customs – American regime 1899 in pursuant with Act No. 702
of Philippine Commission.
 1937- Bureau of Customs was transferred under division of Bureau of Labor
 January 22, 1940 – Philippine Immigration Act of 1940 (Commonwealth Act
No. 613)
 September 3, 1940 – The President of the United States signed the
Commonwealth Act No. 613 so then it created the Bureau of Immigration under
the Office of the President.
 1945- under the supervision and control of The Department of Labor.
 1948- the Bureau was reverted to the jurisdiction of the Department of
Justice where it has remained up to the present time.
 December 31, 1972 Bureau of Immigration was renamed as Bureau of
Immigration to Commission on Immigration and Deportation. This became a
collegial body and performing both administrative and quasi-judicial
functions.
 July 25, 1987, President Corazon C. Aquino signed Executive Order No. 292,
also known as the Administrative Code of 1987. Said order renamed the office,
“Bureau of Immigration.” It continues, however, to perform all the powers and
functions it had while still a commission, and its head of office still remains to
be called commissioner as provided under DOJ.

MISSION
• To control and regulate the movement of persons to, from and within our country
in contributing to national security and development.
VISION
We are committed by 2025 to be regionally and internationally recognized as providing
excellent, efficient, effective and innovative immigration service.
MANDATE:
• The Bureau of Immigration (BI) is principally responsible for the administration
and enforcement of immigration, citizenship, and alien admission and
registration laws in accordance with the provisions of the Philippine Immigration
Act of 1940. It also plays a role in the enforcement of RA 9208, also known as
the Anti- Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003.
Organizational Structure:

POWERS AND FUNCTIONS:

• Acts as the primary enforcement arm of the Department of Justice and the
President of the Philippines in ensuring that all foreigners within its territorial
jurisdiction comply with existing laws

• Assists local and international law enforcement agencies in securing the

tranquility of the state against foreigners whose presence or stay may be
deemed threats to national security, public safety, public morals and public
health and;

• Acts as chief repository of all immigration records pertaining to entry,

temporary sojourn, admission, residence and departure of all foreigners in the
country.

RESPONSIBILITES:

In the discharge of its broad functions, the Bureau through its Board of Commissioners,
exercises administrative and quasi-judicial powers over the:

• Regulation of the entry (arrival), stay (sojourn), and exit (departure) of

foreign nationals in the country;

• Monitoring of the entry and exit of Filipino citizens in compliance with

Philippine laws and other legal procedures;

• Issuance of immigration documents and identification certifications on

non- immigrant, immigrant and special non-immigrant visas;
 • Issuance of special permits in relation to the enforcement of immigration laws
(e.g. Special Work Permit (SWP), Provisional Permit to Work (PPW), Special Study
Permit (SSP), re-entry permits, clearances, etc.);

• Extension of stay of temporary visitors and implementation of changes of

status as provided by law;

• Administrative determination of citizenship and related status;

• Investigation, hearing, decision and execution of orders pertaining to

exclusion, deportation, and repatriation of foreign nationals;

• Implementation of Hold Departure Orders, Blacklist, Watch list,

Immigration Lookout Bulletin Orders and Alert List Orders;

• Cancellation of immigration documents upon violation of immigration laws and

procedures;

• Investigation, arrests and detention of foreigners in violation of

immigration regulation and other Philippine laws;

• Accreditation of schools and learning institutions that can officially accept

and enroll foreign students; and

• Accreditation of law firms, liaison officers, travel agencies and other individuals
and organizations transacting with the Bureau of Immigration.

Benefits:

• Free assistance in transacting with other government agencies.

• Entitlement to PHILHEALTH benefits and privileges.

• Discount privileges from PRA accredited Merchant partners.

• Free subscription from PRA Newsletters.

• Access to the greet and assist program at selected Philippine Airports.

 DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE

Commonwealth Act No. 1 (December 21, 1935) the National Defense Act, created the
Council of National Defense to advise the President on all matters pertaining to national
defense policy.

Commonwealth Act No. 430 (May 31, 1939) as implemented by Executive Order No. 230
(October 31, 1939) created the Department of National Defense (DND).

Executive Order No. 94 (October 4, 1947) charged the DND with the duty of supervising
the national defense program of the country.

Executive Order No. 292 (July 25, 1987) the Administrative Code of 1987, directed the
DND to exercise executive supervision over the Armed Forces of the Philippines, the
Office of Civil Defense, the Philippine Veterans Affairs Office, the National Defense
College of the Philippines, and the Government Arsenal.

Functions of Department of National Defense (DND)

1. It is tasked with the responsibility of providing the necessary protection of the State
against external and internal threats; directing, planning and supervising the National
Defense Program; maintaining law and order throughout the country; and
performing other functions as may be provided for by law.

2. It is charged with the duty of supervising the National Defense Program of the
country. It also has responsibility for overseeing field operations to ensure the
judicious and effective implementation of National Defense and Security Programs.

3. It exercises executive supervision over the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP),
the Government Arsenal (GA), the Office of Civil Defense (OCD), the Philippine
Veterans Affairs Office (PVAO), and the National Defense College of the Philippines
(NDCP).

Functions of Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)

1. Uphold the sovereignty, support the Constitution and defend the territory of the
Republic of the Philippines against all enemies, foreign and domestic

2. Promote and advance the national aims, goals, interests and policies

3. Plan, organize, maintain, develop and deploy its regular and citizen reserve forces for
national security

4. Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher

authorities.
 Organizational Structure (DND)

Responsibilities of Secretary of National Defense

The Secretary of Defense exercises authority, direction, and control over the
Department, which includes the separately organized military departments of Army,
Navy, and Air Force, the Joint Chiefs of Staff providing military advice, the unified and
specified combatant commands, and various defense agencies established for
specific purposes.

Responsibilities of Undersecretaries of DND

(a) Advise the Secretary on the promulgation of Department orders, administrative

orders and other issuances;

(b) Exercise supervision and control over the units and personnel under his responsibility;

(c) Promulgate rules and regulations, consistent with Department policies, that
will effectively implement the activities of units and personnel under his
responsibility;

(d) Coordinate the functions and activities of units and personnel under the
responsibility with those of units and personnel under the responsibility of the
other Undersecretaries;

(e) Exercise delegated authority on substantive and administrative matters related to

the functions and activities of units and personnel under his responsibility, to the
extent granted by the Secretary through administrative issuances;

(f) Perform other functions as may be provided by law or appropriately assigned by the
Secretary.

Responsibilities of Assistant of DND

(a) Assist the Secretary on all matters regarding foreign policy planning and studies;
(b) Provide, or participate in, the secretariat functions for Cabinet and Department
level Committees dealing on foreign policies;

(c) Lead or participate in inter-agency sub-committees dealing on foreign policy

matters;

(d) Undertake Department-wide integration, rationalization, and evaluation of political,

diplomatic, and security plans and programs including current and prospective
Department-initiated foreign treaties and agreements;

(e) Initiate and maintain, or assist in maintaining, the integration and rationalization of
economic, trade, finance, scientific and tourism plans and programs including current
and prospective treaties and agreements, with political, diplomatic, legal, and security
plans and programs;

(f) In coordination with the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA),
provide the secretariat for an inter-agency Annual National Foreign Policy Planning
Conference that shall initially generate recommendations on the long-term, five-year,
and annual Foreign Policy Plans and Country Programs, and update them annually;

(g) Conduct an annual Department-wide Planning and Program Evaluation

Conference to assess plan implementation and formulate or reformulate Department
plans and programs accordingly and synchronize them with national foreign policy
plans and programs;

(h) Undertake policy and strategic studies relevant to its functions;

(i)Initiate, coordinate and integrate the planning of foreign policy;

(j)Perform other related functions as may be assigned by the Secretary.

Responsibilities of Services of DND

(a) Advise the Secretary or Undersecretary concerned regarding administrative and

financial matters;

(b) Develop and supervise the implementation of an integrated personnel plan that
shall include career promotion, performance evaluation, job rotation, health and
welfare services and personnel management;

(c) Develop and maintain an efficient and effective property procurement,

maintenance and security system; establish a Department-wide asset control
system;

(d) Undertake the budgeting, finance and accounting functions of the

Department and develop efficient system and procedures in this regard;

(e) Perform other related functions as may assigned by the Secretary.

The Administrative Service shall have the following constituent offices:

(a) Office of Personnel Management;

(b) Office of Budget and Finance;

(c) Office of Property and Asset Control.

Organizational Structure (AFP)

Responsibilities of Philippine Army

Organize, train and equip Army forces for the conduct of prompt and sustained
combat operations on land. Prepare such units as may be necessary for the effective
prosecution of national defense plans and programs and Armed Forces mission,
including the expansion of the peacetime Army component to meet any
emergency. Develop, in accordance with the other major services, tactics, techniques
and equipment of interest to the Army on field operations. Train, organize and equip
all

Army reserve units and perform such functions as the higher authorities may direct.

Responsibilities of Philippine Air Force

To organize, train and equip forces for prompt and sustained air operations in support to
the AFP mission and the national government's objectives, and to provide assistance to
support forces.

(a) The defense of Philippine airspace.

(b) Close air support to combat forces.

(c) Aerial photography and reconnaissance.

(d) Development of doctrines and tactics for air operations.

(e) Participation in the national development.

Responsibilities of Philippine Navy

It shares the responsibility of patrolling the maritime borders with the Philippine Coast
Guard.

To organize, train, equip, maintain and operate naval forces and naval aircraft
including naval reserve units, necessary to provide water-borne support and assistance
required by the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the accomplishment of its mission.

To assist the proper governmental agencies in the enforcement of laws and regulations
pertaining to navigation, immigration, customs revenue, opium, quarantine, fishing and
neutrality in the territorial and contiguous waters of the Philippine Archipelago.

To develop, in coordination with the other major services and area commands the
doctrines, procedures, and naval equipment for joint operations, and the doctrines and
procedures for amphibious operations.

Unified Commands of the AFP

Responsibilities of NCR Command

Their mission is to conduct sustained Internal Security Operations (ISO) in the National
Capital Region to neutralize the Communist-Terrorist Movement (CTM) and reduce their
operational capabilities. One of their missions is to support local Law Enforcement as
well as the Philippine National Police in containing the NPA while supporting the
peace process and destroy the JI network operating in their AOR. This is needed to
establish a seat of government for the country and maintain a physically &
psychologically sound environment conducive to growth and development within
Metro Manila.

Responsibilities of Northern Luzon Command

Conduct joint operations by integrating capabilities of assigned forces during peace,

conflict and war including military operations other than war in its Joint Area of
Operations in support of the AFP mission.

Responsibilities of Southern Luzon Command

To conduct sustained Internal Security Operations (ISO) in Southern Luzon to neutralize

the Communist-Terrorist Movement (CTM) and reduce their operational capabilities. One
of their missions is to support local Law Enforcement as well as the Philippine
National Police in containing the NPA while supporting the peace process; and
destroy the JI network operating in their AOR. This is needed to establish a secured
backdoor to mainland Luzon and maintain a physically and psychologically sound
environment conducive to growth and development in this southern most part of the
island.
Responsibilities of Western Command

Combating Terrorism and Insurgency in the islands of Palawan and Kalayaan,

including the disputed Spratly Islands group.

Responsibilities of Central Command

Wide Support Commands Combating Terrorism and Insurgency in the Visayas Region.

Responsibilities of East Mindanao Command

Wide Support Commands advocating the Culture of Peace in Mindanao.

Responsibilities of West Mindanao Command

Unified commands combating terrorism and insurgency in Mindanao.

AFP Wide Support and Separate Units

1. General Head Quarters (GHQ): To exercise command, direction of all AFP units to
protect and secure the sovereignty of the state and the integrity of the national territory

2. AFP Medical Center (MC): To provide comprehensive quality tertiary health care
services to AFP personnel and other beneficiaries

3. Philippine Military Academy (PMA): To instruct, train and develop cadets to possess
the character, the broad and basic military skills, and the education essential to the
successful pursuit of a progressive military career

4. Presidential Security Group (PSG): To protect the President of the Republic of the
Philippines and his immediate family. Visiting heads of state, government and other
dignitaries as the President may direct

5. AFP Command and General Staff College (CGSC): to educate selected AFP officers
for higher command and staff responsibilities, develop AFP doctrines and promote
Philippine military history as part of the continuous efforts in integrating the military as
an important part of creating the history of the Philippines. Future Battalion
Commanders are required to study in this institution.

6. AFP Reserve Command (RESCOM): created for the sole purpose of Reserve Force
management, procurement, and organization.

7. AFP Commissary and Exchange Service (CES): Provide Goods and Services at
reasonable prices to authorized personnel. Provide quality merchandise to authorize
personnel. Promote the socio-economic well being of AFP Military and Civilian Personnel.

8. Communication, Electronics and Information System Services (CEISS) AFP: support unit
of AFPGHQ that provides communications, electronics and information systems services
and facilities for the effective command, control and administration of the Armed Forces
of the Philippines. An innovative and dynamic Command that provide a reliable,
responsive, secure and cost effective CEIS services and facilities for the effective
command, control and administration of the AFP.

9. Civil Relation Service (CRS) AFP: Organize, train, equip, sustain and provide
Information Support and Civil Affairs units in support to the overall Armed Forces of
the Philippines mission. Conduct Strategic and Operational Civil Military Operations
and CMO-Related Trainings in support to the overall AFP mission.

10. AFP Peacekeeping Operations Center (PKOC): It is tasked with the training,
deployment, and management of Filipino international peacekeepers throughout the
world. Serves as the liaison of the Philippine Government with the United Nations
Department of Peacekeeping Operations.

11. AFP Financial Center (FC): To provide the members quality and efficient financial
services and timely source of funds while protecting their interest and welfare.

12. Intelligence Service (IS) AFP: Give early warning of impending crises. Serve national
and international crisis management by helping to discern the intentions of current
or potential opponents. Inform national defense planning and military operations
(military intelligence). Protect sensitive information secrets, both of their own
sources and activities, and those of other state agencies. May act covertly to
influence the outcome of events in favor of national interests, or influence
international security and Defense against the efforts of other national intelligence
agencies (counter-intelligence).

13.AFP Philippine Standard (PS)

14.AFP Pension and Gratuity Management Center (PGMC)

15. AFP Dental Service Center (DSC): To provide comprehensive quality tertiary dental
care services to AFP personnel and other beneficiaries

16.Accounting (ACCTG) of AFP: to assist in budgeting and controlling the cost.

17.AFP Joint Special Operations Group(JSOG): to study special operations requirements

and techniques to ensure interoperability and equipment standardization; to plan
and conduct special operations exercises and training; to develop joint special
operations tactics; and to execute special operations missions worldwide

18.AFP Mobile Command Centers (MCC): to provide communication support to all field
units.

19. AFP District Development Committee (DDC): It preserves and promote cultural
heritage of the district. It prepares budget for developmental projects. Provides
assistance to the victims of the different natural calamities. And prevent the people
of the district from dangerous or health hazards.
Recruitment Process

Cadet Corps Armed Forces of the Philippines

For those who want to become part of the Cadet Corps Armed Forces of the
Philippines and later serve as one of the leaders of the AFP, may take the Philippine
Military Academy (PMA) entrance examination.

Things that an applicant should bring for the exam day:

For Walk-in Applicants:

 Photocopy of Birth Certificate and Grades (HS or College)

 2x2 Picture
 Valid ID (preferably school/driver’s license)
 At least 2 pencils (No.

2) For Mail/Online Applicants:

 Exam permit
 Valid ID
 At least 2 pencils (No. 2)

Qualifications to be a PMA Cadet:

 A citizen of the Philippines

 Physically fit and of good moral character
 Single and has never been married or conceived a child
 Must pass the PMA Entrance Examination
 No Administrative/ Criminal Case
 At least High School Graduate or must graduate not later than June of the year
following the date of examination taken for Grade 12 students.
 Height Requirement for both Male and Female is 5 feet (not to exceed 6’4 for
both)

At least 17 years old but not a day older than 22 years on 01 June of the year following
the date of examination taken.

Officer Candidate Course (OCC)

Officer Candidates that will undergo Officer Candidate Course (OCC) must possess the
following qualifications:

 Holder of a baccalaureate degree

  Natural-born Filipino or Naturalized Citizen
 21-29 years of age upon admission (no age waiver)
 Single and never been married; never borne or sired a child
 Height of not less than 5’0 ft. (152.04cm) both for male and female, but not
more than 6’4 ft. (193.04cm)
 Certificate of good moral character
 Physically, mentally and psychologically fit for active military service (P1 profile)
 Armed forces of the Philippines Service Aptitude Test (AFPSAT) raw score of 71
or higher
 Must have passed the Army Qualifying Exam (AQE) and Special Written Exam
(SWE) given by the Philippine Army
 Must pass the Physical Medical Exam and Physical Fitness Test conducted in the
Philippine Army thru Philippine Army Officer Selection Committee Interview
(PAOSC)

Officer Preparatory Course (OPC)

Officer Candidates that will undergo the Officer Preparatory Course (OPC) must possess
the following qualifications:

 Commissioned in the Reserve Force as second lieutenant

 Must not be over 31 years old on the date of Called to Active Duty (CAD)
 Physically, mentally and psychologically fit for active military service (P1 profile)
 Holder of a baccalaureate degree
 Height of not less than 5’0 ft. (152.04cm) both for male and female, but not
more than 6’4 ft. (193.04cm)
 Of good moral character
 Armed Forces of the Philippines Service Aptitude Test (AFPSAT) raw score of 71
or higher
 Must have passed the Army Qualifying Exam (AQE) and Special Written Exam
(SWE) given by the Philippine Army
 Must pass the Physical Medical Exam and Physical Fitness Test conducted in the
Philippine Army thru Philippine Army Officer Selection Committee Interview
(PAOSC)

Training

Philippine Army Education and Training Manual

Is an official reference on policies and guidelines governing the education and training
of our personnel who are the most important effective element in all military efforts.
The fundamentals of education and training management, the methodologies to be
employed to achieve the training objectives and the mechanism for doctrine
development as found therein were thoroughly tested and affirmatively validated.

Education and training priorities and methodologies constantly evolve in response to

the various factors of change and the needs of the organization. Certain tenants,
however, remain true which stood the test of time. They have become the guiding
principles in the formulation of a relevant, progressive and purposive education and
training program.

(a) Train for position. Any army personnel, whether officer, soldier or civilian
employee, should be equipped with the appropriate knowledge, skills and attitudes
needed to successfully perform his assigned tasks efficiently.

(b) Train for combat readiness. Multi-role functions and interoperability with other
services and armies of allied countries. The army’s reason for being is to win our
nation’s wars. The army has to continuously train to fight effectively in order to win its
battles at any level, anytime, anywhere. The global factors of change ushered a new
dimension in warfare. This revolution in military affairs demands that our forces be able
to undertake joint and combined operations as well as non-traditional military roles
such as disaster response, nation building, counter-terrorism, police assistance and
multinational peacekeeping operations.

(c) Train to promote leadership development and skill proficiency. It has been said, “a
unit is only as good as the man who leads it.” Officers and soldiers shall be equipped
with the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively and efficiently lead in
accomplishing the mission. Likewise, the performance of a unit is largely dependent on
the skill level of its personnel, which requires comprehensive and progressive
leadership training.

(d) Application of Doctrine in Training. Our training shall be based on validated and
dynamic doctrines while it plays a vital role in the evaluation and development of Army
doctrines.

(e) Realistic Training. Realism shall characterize Army training wherein real-life scenarios,
either in the classroom or in the field, are applied or simulated in order to develop the
competence and confidence of personnel.

(f) Continuous Training. Offers a two-fold benefit. This ensures the development of
individual and unit efficiency to the highest standards and assures a ready pool of
human resource.

AFP PROMOTION SYSTEM

One governing the regulation concerning the promotion of officers in the AFP is the so
called Standing Operation Procedure number 10 to as SOP #10.

SOP #10 prescribes the fundamental rules in the promotion system for officers in the
active service of the AFP. It aims to ensure that only those who are best qualified are
promoted. Set therein, are the criteria for evaluating and assessing the qualification of
officers due for promotion. Among the criteria applied are: seniority, professional
attributes, potential, performance and the officer’s aptitude to assume duties and
responsibilities of the next higher rank.

Each of the criteria mentioned is given corresponding weigh to help in determining

whether the officer being evaluated has met the required standard. However, the
weigh ascribed to a particular criterion varies depending on the rank in which an
officer is to be promoted. This is in accord with the principle advocated by SOP # 10
that ‘’as officers of the AFP are promoted from one grade, the criteria of
competence, individual merit and potential increase in importance while that of
seniority diminishes in significance.” Thus, in the case of those being evaluated for
promotion in the junior ranks, that is from 2ndLieutenant up to Captain (ensign to
lieutenant respectively, in the case of the Navy), seniority takes precedence over merit
or accomplishment. Definitely, it’s a different case with respect to the promotion of
officers in the senior ranks, or those being evaluated for promotion to the ranks up to
Lieutenant Colonel (Lieutenant Commander up to Commander, respectively for the
Navy where seniority decreases in significance. For those to be promoted to the ranks
of Colonel and higher (Brig Gen up), the seniority rule is relegated to the secondary
and less significant role.
Competence, merit and potential are now the primary considerations. In essence, only
those best qualified are promoted.

AFP selection and Promotion Boards

The critical task of evaluating and assessing officers to be promoted, and the selection
of those deemed best qualified to occupy vital posts in the organization falls in the
hands of selection and promotion board . This body is responsible in the application of
pertinent regulations (SOP # 10, among others) and procedures with respect to the
task of choosing the officer for promotion or appointment to a key position

TITLE XI. - PROMOTION OF OFFICERS 20 SEC. 43. The President shall have the authority
to approve the promotion of officers of the active force to the next higher grade.

SEC. 44. Based upon the number of existing and yearly average of anticipated
vacancies 24 in the grades of Major and Lieutenant Colonel within a five year period,
the Secretary of National Defense shall determine and declare, as recommended by
the Chief of Staff, the number of promotional vacancies sufficiently in advance in order
that such promotion can be effected in accordance with the succeeding section

SEC. 45. Promotion to the grades of First Lieutenant and Captain:

(a) Irrespective of the existence of any vacancy, an officer in the grade of Second
Lieutenant or First Lieutenant shall be considered by a Selection Board for promotion to
the grade of First Lieutenant or Captain sufficiently in advance of the date on which he
shall complete three (3) or seven (7) years of active commissioned service,
respectively,
so that his promotion can be effected upon completion for such length of service. The
authorized number of officers in the grade of First Lieutenant and Captain shall
temporarily be increased by the Secretary of National Defense as necessary to
accommodate such promotions.

(b) Whenever there are vacancies in any Major or Technical, or Administrative Service
in the grade of First Lieutenant and Captain, officers of that service in the grades of
Second Lieutenant and First Lieutenant, respectively, may be promoted before
completing the years of active commissioned service as prescribed in the preceding
subsection: Provided, That for this purpose, the Secretary of National Defense shall
prescribe the minimum required active commissioned service requirements.

(c) When officers in the grades of Second Lieutenant and First Lieutenant are to be
considered by the Selection Boards for promotion to the grades of First Lieutenant and
Captain, respectively, to fill vacancies in those grades, existing or anticipated, the
Selection Board shall consider all officers who satisfy such active commissioned service
requirement in the order of their seniority as their names appear in the seniority and
lineal list, recommended those who are fully qualified for promotions to the next
higher grade, and continue such procedure until such officers are considered:
Provided, That no officer in any list submitted by any Selection Board shall be
promoted to the grade for which recommended ahead of any other officer whose
name appears above his own in such list: Provided. Still further, that the Secretary of
National Defense shall prescribe the qualifications for promotion.

SEC. 46. Promotion to the grades of Major and Lieutenant Colonel:

(a) Based upon the number of declared promotional vacancies in any promotion list in
the grade of Major or Lieutenant Colonel, Selection Boards shall consider and
recommend for promotion to such grade officers of that list in permanent grades of
Captain and Major, respectively, who are in the zone of consideration for promotion.
The number to be recommended shall not exceed the number of vacancies.

(b) The zone of consideration for promotion shall comprise the upper portion of the
promotion list equivalent to twice the declared promotion vacancy. The primary zone
shall be composed of officers who are on promotable status in the uppermost portion
of the promotion list equivalent to the number of declared vacancies. The rest of the
officers in the zone of consideration shall compose the secondary zone.

(c) When officers in the grade of Captain and Major are to be considered for
promotion to the grade of Major or Lieutenant Colonel, respectively, to fill vacancies in
these grades, Selection Boards shall consider officers in the grades of Captain or Major
as the case may be in the order of their seniority as their names appear on the
promotion list, recommend those who are fully qualified for promotion to such grade,
pass over those who are not fully qualified for promotion to such grade, and continue
such procedure until a specified number of recommended officers is obtained:
Provided, further, That an officer who is in the primary zone of consideration and who
is not recommended for promotion shall not be separated from the military service if
he
has attained the age and serve-in-grade limits prescribed in Section 98 hereunder.
Provided, still further, That any officer who is passed over by virtue of not having
been selected for promotion to fill third vacancy positions pursuant to the preceding
provision, shall not be considered as a "deferred officer"

(d) No officer in any list submitted by any Selection Board shall be promoted to the
grade for which recommended ahead of any other officer whose name appears
above his on such list, except if such promotion is to fill a third vacancy position as
a consequence of the action of the President under Section 50 of this Act.

(e) The ten "deferred officer" as used in this section means any officer considered and
not recommend by any Selection Board for the grade of Major or Lieutenant Colonel
under the provisions of this section. For promotion purposes, each "deferred officer"
shall suffer loss in precedence to those officers who were recommended by the same
Selection Board who failed to recommend him. Such loss in precedence shall not result
in any loss in seniority by such deferred officer until the officers below him in the
promotion list are promoted to the next higher grade.

(f) A "deferred officer" in any grade shall be considered a second time by the next
Selection Board designated to consider the promotion of officers of his grade in the
same promotion list. If a deferred officer is recommended by the next consecutive
Selection Board and is promoted to the next higher grade, his previous deferment of
promotion shall not in any sense be counted as a failure of selection when he is
subsequently considered for further promotion. If a "deferred officer" is not
recommended by the next two (2) Consecutive Selection Board, he shall be
considered as "thrice-deferred" officer and shall be eliminated from the active list of the
Regular Force and separated under the provisions of Section 100 of this Act.

SEC. 47. Promotion to the grade of Colonel:

(a) Based upon the number of declared promotional vacancies in the grade of
Colonel, the Board of Generals shall consider and recommend from among the officers
in the permanent grade of Lieutenant Colonel who are in the zone of consideration for
promotion, those who have demonstrated, by actual duty and experience, their
capability for holding the next higher grade, and are best qualified to hold the grade
of Colonel

(b) The zone of consideration for promotions to the rank of Colonel shall be four
times the number of vacancies

(c) Promotions to fin vacancies may be made at any time, but it is not mandatory that
the authorized numbers in grades in the several promotion lists be maintained

(d) The promotion to the rank of COLONEL shall be subject to the confirmation of
the Commission on Appointments

(e) The term "deferred officer" as used in this section means any officer considered and
not recommend by any Selection Board for the grade of Major or Lieutenant Colonel
under the provisions of this section. For promotion purposes, each "deferred officer"
shall suffer loss in precedence to those officers who were recommended by the same
Selection Board who failed to recommend him. Such loss in precedence shall not result
in any loss in seniority by such deferred officer until the officers below him in the
promotion list are promoted to the next higher grade

(f) A "deferred officer" in any grade shall be considered a second time by the next
Selection Board designated to consider the promotion of officers of his grade in the
same promotion list. If a deferred officer is recommended by the next consecutive
Selection Board and is promoted to the next higher grade, his previous deferment of
promotion shall not in any sense be counted as a failure of selection when he is
subsequently considered for further promotion. If a "deferred officer" is not
recommended by the next two (2) consecutive Selection Board, he shall be considered
as "thrice-deferred" officer and shall be eliminated from the active list of the Regular
Force and separated under the provisions of Section 100 of this Act.

SEC. 48. Officers shall, before promotion to any grade up to Colonel, pass the 21
appropriate military career education and training which shall be prescribed by the
Secretary 0 f 22 National Defense.

SEC. 49. Until such time that the reserve officers in the active service are completely
25 integrated as regular officers in accordance with Sections 25 and 26, the allocation
of the promotion vacancies declared in the grades up to Colonel in each Major,
Technical, or Administrative Service shall be proportionate to the relative strength of
the promotable regular officer.

SEC. 50. The President may remove from the list submitted by any Selection Board the
name of any officer recommended for promotion to any grade who in his opinion is not
qualified for promotion.

(a) Any officer whose names is removed by the President from the list of officers
recommended for promotion to the grade of first lieutenant shall be separated in
accordance with the provisions of Section 100 of this Act.

(b) Any officer whose name is removed by the President form the list of officers 8
recommended for promotion to the grade of captain, major, lieutenant colonel, or
colonel shall continue to be eligible for consideration by the succeeding Selection
Board. (I) Should this succeeding Selection Board recommend and the President
approves the promotion of such officer, his name shall thereafter be inserted in the
seniority and lineal list of his contemporaries without loss of seniority. (II) Should this
succeeding Selection Board recommend the promotion of such officer but, again, his
name is removed from the list by the President, he shall be separated from the service
in accordance with the provisions of Section 100 of this Act.

SEC. 51. Appointment to the different General or Flag Officer Grades:

(a) The President shall appoint among the officers in the permanent grade of Colonel
and Brigadier General, respectively, by the Board of Generals and the Secretary of
National Defense, whose who, in his judgment, can best effectively discharge the
responsibilities associated with such grades

(b) The President shall select from among the officers of the Major Services in the grade
of Major General or Lieutenant General the officer who, in his judgment is best qualified
for the position of Vice Chief of Staff, AFP.

(c) The grade of General shall be conferred to the officer designated by the President
as Chief of Staff, AFP. The tour of duty of the Chief of Staff, APP shall not exceed
three
(3) years from the date of appointment. However, in times of war or other national
emergency declared by Congress, the President may extend such tour of duty

(d) The promotion of General or Flag Officers shall be subject to the confirmation of
the Commission on Appointments.

SEC. 52. Any officer of the active force who dies in line of duty or on account of any
wound, injury, or illness contracted in line 0 f duty may be promoted by the President to
the next higher grade: Provided, That prior to the time of his death, such officer had
already been selected and recommended for promotion by the appropriate
Selection Board or by the Secretary 0 f National Defense, as appropriate.

SEC. 53. Promotion in academic ranks of members of the Corps of Professors shall be
made in accordance with the following rules:

(a) Promotion in academic ranks shall be based upon a set of weighted criteria to
be prescribed by the Chief of Staff, Staff which considers academic degrees earned,
teaching experience, allied professional activities and performance in administrative
duties

(b) There shall be an Academic Promotion Board which shall meet at least once
annually to consider the eligibility of members of the Corps of Professors for promotion
in academic ranks as herein provided. The Board, with the Dean, Corps of Professors as
Chairman, and the four (4) officers of the Corps of Professors most senior in academic
rank as Members, shall be appointed by the Chief of Staff, AFP.

(c) Recommendations of the Board for promotion of officers in academic rank shall be
submitted to the Chief of Staff, AFP for dispositive action.

SEC. 54. Any commissioned officer of the regular force may be promoted to a
temporary grade, excepting First Lieutenant and Brigadier General, not higher than
one grade of his permanent grade, without vacating his permanent appointment:
Provided, That such temporary promotion must be based in unfilled vacancies, must
not exceed 5% of number of officers in permanent grade, must be to fill up a TOE
position in a field unit, must be passed upon by a Temporary Promotion Board and
must be for one year: Provided, further, that the recommended must be within the zone
of consideration for promotion.
 PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1638

ESTABLISHING A NEW SYSTEM OF RETIREMENT AND SEPARATION FOR MILITARY PERSONNEL

OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

WHEREAS, there is an imperative need to improve and consolidate the various laws
pertaining to the retirement of members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

WHEREAS, Republic Act Numbered Three Hundred and Forty, as amended, causes the
premature compulsory retirement of those who are purposely educated and trained by
the government to be professional military personnel;

WHEREAS, the early retirement of military personnel denies the Armed Forces of the
Philippines of the full economical utilization of the services of well-experienced, highly
trained, and mature military executives;

WHEREAS, the present retirement system does not afford to all officers equal
opportunity for promotion to higher rank and position;

WHEREAS, it is for the good of the services to retain for optimum utilization of their
services all military personnel with proven leadership and professional competence;

WHEREAS, world history attests to the fact that many political, social, economic and
military leaders are men mature in experience and age;

TITLE V
Retirement and Separation Benefits

Section 17. When an officer or enlisted man is retired from the Armed Forces of the
Philippines under the provisions of this Decree, he shall, at his option, receive a gratuity
equivalent to one (1) month of base and longevity pay of the grade next higher than
the permanent grade last held for every year of service payable in one (1) lump sum or
a monthly retirement pay equivalent to two and one-half percent (2 1/2%) for each
year of active service rendered, but not exceeding eighty-five percent (85%) of the
monthly base and longevity pay of the grade next higher than the permanent grade
last held: Provided, That an officer retired under Section 11 or 12 shall be entitled to
benefits computed on the basis of the base and longevity pay of the permanent
grade last held: Provided, further That such retirement pay shall be subject to
adjustment on the prevailing scale of base pay of military personnel in the active
service: Provided, furthermore, That when he retires, he shall be entitled, at his option,
to receive in advance and in lump sum his annual retirement pay for the first three (3)
years and
thereafter receive his annual retirement pay payable in equal monthly installment as
they accrue: Provided, finally, That if he dies within the three-year period following his
retirement and is survived by beneficiaries as defined in his Decree, the latter shall
only receive the derivative benefits there under starting the first month after the a fore
cited three-year period. Nothing in this Section shall be construed as authorizing
adjustment of pay, or payment of any differential in retirement pay to officers and
enlisted men who are already retired prior to the approval of this Decree as a result of
increases in salary of those in the active duty may have their retirement pension
adjusted based on the rank they hold and on the prevailing pay of military personnel in
the active service, at the time of the termination of their recall to active duty.

Section 18. The survivors of an officer or enlisted man retired under Section 4, 5, 8, or 10
or of an officer with at least twenty (20) years of service separated under Section 11 or
12 shall be entitled to a monthly annuity equivalent to seventy-five percent (75%) of
his monthly retirement pay which he was receiving to be divided among them in equal
shares and with the right of accretion.

Section 19. An officer or enlisted man separated under Section 14 of this Decree shall
be entitled to a monthly life annuity the amount of which shall be fifty per centum of
the base and longevity pay computed on the basis of his separation grade: Provided,
That in the case of an officer in the grade of Colonel/Captain (PN) and higher, the basis
of computation of his separation grade: Provided further, That such monthly annuity
shall not be less than two hundred pesos (P200.00).

Section 20. An officer with less than twenty years of accumulated active service
separated under Section 10, 11, 12 or 16 shall be entitled to a separation pay
equivalent to one month base and longevity pay of the permanent grade he holds
for every year of active service.

Section 21. An officer or enlisted man with less than twenty (20) years of accumulated
active service separated under Section 15 shall be entitled to a separation pay
equivalent to one month base and longevity pay of his separation grade for every year
of active service: Provided, That in the case of an officer in the grade of
Colonel/Captain (PN) and higher, the basis of computation of his separation grade
shall be in the grade next higher than his separation grade.

Section 22. The survivors of an officer or enlisted man retired under Section 6 or 7 or
separated under Section 13 or 14 shall be entitled to a monthly annuity equivalent to
fifty per centum of his base and longevity pay based on his separation grade to be
divided among them in equal shares and with the right to accretion: Provided, That in
the case of survivors of an officer in the grade of Colonel/Captain (PN) and higher, the
basis of computation of their annuity shall be in the grade next higher than his
separation grade.
Disciplinary Mechanism

Aspects of Discipline

 Punishment
 Obedience
 Self-Control – the most form of military discipline which involves
personal responsibility that goes beyond the threat of punishment.

Gauges of Discipline

To measure the discipline of an individual or unit, one has to look only for the answers
to the following questions:

 Is he or his unit smart in appearance or action?

 Is he or his unit clean and neat of dress, equipment or area?
 Is he or his unit prompt and cheerful in execution of order?
 Does he or his unit have genuine respect for his superiors?
 Does he or his unit execute orders or comply with instructions with
intelligence, initiative, resourcefulness and responds smartly?

Creating a Climate of Discipline

 Tough and stressful training

 High standard of training
 Channels of communication
 Loyalty to subordinate
 Reduction of troop frustration
 Fair and just awards and punishment

Discipline is instilled in men through

 Instruction
 Pride
 Tradition
 Regulation

Ways to Develop Military Discipline

 Rewards or Awards – are positive incentives in exalting obedience and which is

given to deserving personnel.
 Teamwork – is an orderly and effective group action brought about by military
discipline
 Military Drills – are primary means to develop military discipline
 Punishment – is one of the methods of imposing discipline in a command
 DFA

HISTORY
Beginnings

 Created on June 23,1898 through a decree, who appointed Apolinario Mabini

as the Philippine’s first Secretary of Foreign Affairs.
Post-War Philippines
 July 4, 1946, the country regained full control of foreign affairs and diplomatic
matters.
 Commonwealth Act No. 732, created the Department of Foreign Affairs.
 Former President Manuel Roxas issued Executive Order No. 18, which provided
the operation of the DFA

Under Marcos Regime

 President Ferdinand Marcos redefined foreign policy as the protection of

Philippines Independence, territorial integrity and national integrity, and
emphasized increased regional cooperation and collaboration.
 Throughout the 1970’s, the DFA pursued the promotion of trade and
investment, played an active role in hosting international meetings, and
participated in the meetings of the Non-Alignment Movement.

Post-EDSA 1986

 DFA once again pursued development policy, in the active pursuit of

opportunities abroad in the vital areas of trade, investment, finance, technology
and aid.
 Philippines became one of the founding members of the Asia-Pacific
Economic Cooperation or APEC in November 1989, and an active player in
regional efforts to establish the ASEAN Free Trade Area.

Ramos’ Administration

 The Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 or R.A. 8042

o Provided a framework for stronger protection of Filipino Workers abroad

o Created the Legal Assistance Fund and the Assistance to Nationals Fund
o Gave way to the designation in the DFA of a Legal Assistant for Migrant
Workers Affairs, with the rank of Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs
 Aquino’s Administration

 Foreign Service Act of 1991 or R.A. 7157

o Reorganized the Department along geographic lines and strengthened

the Foreign Service.
o It instituted a Career Minister Eligibility Examination as a requirement for
promotion of Senior FSOs to the rank of Career Ministers thereby ensuring the
professional selection of those who would eventually rise to the level of career
ambassadors

 Executive Order no. 132- DFA Reorganization Act of February 27, 1987

Powers and Functions

 Conduct the country foreign relations in accordance with policies laid down
by the President.
 Maintain and develop the country’s representation with foreign government.
 Conduct Philippine representation in the United Nations, the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and other international and regional
organizations.
 Serve as the channel for matters involving foreign relations, including
official communication to and from the Republic of the Philippines.
 Negotiate treaties and other agreements pursuant to instruction of the President,
and in coordination, when necessary, with other government agencies. In
cooperation with other government agencies and private sector, promote
trade, investments, tourism, and other economic relations with other countries.

 Foster cultural relations with other countries and protect and enhance the
Philippines image abroad.

 In cooperation with other government agencies, undertake efforts to inform the

international community about the Philippines.

 Protect and Assist the Philippine Nationals Abroad.

 Carry out legal documentation functions as provided for by laws and regulations

 Monitor and analyze events in other countries and report them, as appropriate,
to the President and other Government agencies.

 In cooperation with other government agencies, initiate, formulate, integrate,

and submit to the President short-, medium-, and long-range foreign policy
plans and programs.
  Supervise and direct all officials and employees assigned by the Department
and other government agencies to Foreign Service establishment abroad in
accordance with the pertinent laws, rules and inter-agency agreements.

 Recruit, maintain and develop a professional career foreign services based on

merit.

Summary:

 To protect the rights and promote the welfare of Filipino Overseas

 To mobilize them as partners in national development
 To project positive image of the Philippines
 To increase international understanding of Philippine culture for
mutually- beneficial relations with other countries.

Organizational Structure

Secretary of Foreign Affairs: Teodoro Locsin Jr. (October 17, 2018- Incumbent)
Board of Foreign Service Examination

Composition:

Chairman- Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs

Secretary- Director of the Foreign Service
Institute Members:
Head of Personnel and Administrative Services
1 Commissioner of the Civil Service
Commission Functions:
 Conduct Examinations
  Receive and screen applications for FSO examinations
 Prescribe academic training and practical experiences required of
the candidates
 Prepare, conduct and grade written examinations
 Certify to the secretary for oral examinations those candidates who obtained
75% or higher

Board of Foreign Service Administration

Composition:
Chairman- one of the Undersecretaries
2 other Undersecretaries
Assistant Secretaries of the different offices of the Department
Director of the Institute
Functions:

 Make recommendations to the Secretary the functions and operations of the

Service and procedures to govern the ff.
• Selection
• Assignment
• Promotion
• Discipline and separation from the service of employees and officials of
the Department
 Shall consider administrative cases brought against officers and employees who
commit offenses the interest of public service

Prohibitions. No member of the Board, while acting as such member, shall intervene in
any way, directly or indirectly, in Board deliberations affecting himself or any relative
of his within the fourth civil degree either be consanguinity or affinity.

Foreign Service Institute

Composition:

Chairman- the Secretary

Members:
Chairman of the Civil Service Commission
President of the University of the Philippines,
President of the Development Academy of the Philippines,
Director of the Foreign Service Institute
Functions:

 shall serve as the center for the development and professionalization of the
career corps of the foreign service of the Department and other government
agencies which have officers and employees assigned abroad.
  maintain a Center of International Relations and Strategic Studies (CIRSS)
 shall otherwise function as a research institution on issues and problems with
foreign policy implications, global and regional strategies and management of
foreign affairs while serving as institutional consultant of the Department on
matters related to foreign policies and programs as well as development
management, planning, review and evaluation processes in the Department.

Duties or Responsibility of a Foreign Service officer

1. Office of the Undersecretary for Special and Ocean Concerns:

aids the Secretary of Foreign Affairs and provides him advice on matters relating to
identified special issues and concerns of the Department including the following:

1)Maritime and Ocean

Concerns 2)Territorial Concerns
3)Counter Terrorism
4)Oversea Absentee Voting
5)Dual Citizenship
6)Human Rights Issue
7)Children in Armed Conflict
8)Bid for Observer Status in the
OIC 9)Peace Processes
10) Task force on the Sabah Issue

2. Office of the Undersecretary for Policy

- The Office of the Undersecretary for Policy aids the Secretary of Foreign Affairs and
provides him advice on matters relating to the formulation and execution of Philippine
foreign policy, particularly on bilateral, regional and international political and security
issues

3. Office of the Undersecretary for Migrant & Workers Affairs

- aids the Secretary of Foreign Affairs and advice on matters relating to the formulation
and execution of Philippine Foreign policy relating to the protection and dignity, rights
and freedoms of Filipino citizens abroad

4. Office of the Undersecretary for International Economic Relations

is principally in-charge with implementing and coordinating the responsibilities and

functions of the Department of Foreign Affairs relating to:

1)Trade and investments

2)Science and technology
3)Environment and sustainable development
4)Official development cooperation

5. Office of the Undersecretary for Administration

Aids the Secretary of Foreign Affairs and provides him advice on matters relating to the
general operations of the DFA, its regional offices and Philippine Foreign Service Posts
and all other administrative matters and concerns

6. Office of the Secretary

Acts as the primary and principal adviser of the President on matters relating to the
formulation and execution of Philippine foreign policies and the conduct of Philippine
foreign relations

Recruitment Process

The Board of Foreign Service Examinations, pursuant to the provisions of the

Foreign Service Act (R.A. 7157) of 1991 announces the holding of the Foreign Service
Officer (FSO) Examination to recruit candidates for appointment to the position of
Foreign Service Officer

Step 1: Qualifying Test

The Qualifying test Cover Verbal ability, Analytical Ability, Numerical Ability and
Managerial ability. Candidates must obtain a passing grade of at least 80% in the
Qualifying Test in order to qualify for the Preliminary Interview

Step 2: Preliminary Interview- To be announced

The Preliminary Interview shall be held after the results of the Qualifying Test
have been determined. Candidates shall be interviewed by a Foreign Service Officers.

Step 3: Written test

The Written Test covers the following six subjects with the corresponding weights:

Step 4: Psychological Test

The Psychological Test shall be held in Manila after the results of the Written test
have been determined

Step 5: Oral Test

The Oral Test shall include an assessment of the candidate’s oral skills, logical
thinking, values and aptitude. Previous records, experiences and conduct of examinees
shall also be considered in determining the candidate’s fitness and aptitude for foreign
service work.

Qualifications

Should be natural-born Filipino

Concurrently permanent resident of the President

Not more than 35 years on the day of the qualifying test

Physically and psychologically fit

Graduated from a 4-year bachelor’s degree course or higher on or before the

prescribed due date of submission of requirements

Should undergone at least 2 years of employment or further studies or a

combination of both after graduating from college or University.

Training

The Foreign Service Institute (Training agency of the DFA)

-The Institute shall, inter alia, pursue a training program for those who are leaving for
foreign assignments and for those who are recalled and shall hold seminars, including
language courses, to prepare such officers and employees for their new assignments.”

- The Institute thus designs and conducts training programs appropriate to the needs
of personnel of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) and those of other government
agencies who will be assigned to Philippine foreign service posts.

- It also provides institutional support to the DFA with regard to organizational

development and management, including but not limited to the planning, review,
and assessment of the policies and systems and procedures of the Department.

Promotion process

🞅 Promotion List (Applicable only to foreign service officer, class IV, to chief of
mission, class I and foreign service staff employee, class II, to foreign service staff
officer, class I)

-On the basis of recommendations made by the Board of Foreign Service

Administration and Office of Personnel and Management Services

🞅 Performance Evaluation System (Applicable to all officers and employees)

- The performance evaluation system shall address itself to the weeding-out of
incompetent and sterile career personnel and abusive political appointees.

o Determination of Seniority (Applicable only to Career ministers and chiefs

of mission class I and II) –

-Seniority shall be determined by their original dates of appointment as career

ministers, as well as the dates of their original entry into the Department.

o Services Lateral Entry

-Lateral entry into the Career Foreign Service Corps shall be permitted for those
individuals who have successfully passed at the written and oral examinations
conducted by the Board of Foreign Service Examinations

o Cumulative Number of Years of Service in Each Class (Applicable only to all

foreign service officer)

- All foreign service officers shall be required to render satisfactory service

continuously for a minimum period of three (3) years in each class and for the total
cumulative period computed at three (3) years for each class before they become
eligible for promotion to the next higher class.

🞅 Examination for Promotion (Applicable only to Foreign service officers class I)

-Who have completed at least two (2) years of "very satisfactory" service in the rank
are required to pass an examination for promotion to the administered by the Board of
Foreign Service Examinations before they shall be eligible for appointment as career
ministers.

Retirement age and Benefits

General Benefits. – The Secretary shall extend benefits including medical services and
comprehensive health insurance coverage for home office personnel and their families.

Example: OFWs in a rush for passport! The DFA announced recently that they will
convert the DFA Robinsons Galleria satellite office exclusive for OFWs only. This will help
our OFWs to get faster passport processing and other foreign services.

Compulsory retirement

All officers and employees of the Department who have reached the age of sixty-five
(65) shall be compulsorily and automatically retired from the Service.

However, all incumbent non-career chiefs of mission who are seventy (70) years old and
above shall continue to hold office unless sooner removed by the appointing authority.

Non-career appointees who shall serve beyond the age of sixty-five (65) years shall be
entitled to retirement benefits.
Separation

(a) Voluntary resignation;

(b) Disloyalty to the Government, unsatisfactory performance of duty, neglect of duty,

misconduct, malfeasance, graft, corruption, immoral conduct or gross violation of the
Civil Service laws, rules and regulations and reasonable Department rules and
regulations;

(c) Any officer or employee who has been given an "unsatisfactory" rating for three (3)
consecutive years under the rating system as promulgated by the Secretary in
accordance with this Act shall automatically be recommended for separation from
the Service;

(d) Refusal of assignment or recall order without valid justifications

(e) With respect to locally or hired or alien employees, the chief of mission or principal
officer concerned may separate them from the Service at any time for any cause he
may deem sufficient for the purpose, in accordance with local laws and regulations
on the matter; and

(f) Honorary consuls may be separated from the Service by the Secretary at any time
and for any cause he may deem for the purpose.

Disciplinary mechanism

DFA Department Order No. 14-10

Section 1. Due Process. – No officer or employee of the Department shall be subjected

to disciplinary action or otherwise removed or separated from the Service except for
cause as provided by law and in accordance with the requirement of due process.

Section 4. Suspension. – Subject to Sections 24 to 26, no officer or employee of the

Department facing administrative charges shall be effectively suspended or otherwise
prevented from exercising his normal duties and functions unless so ordered by the
appropriate disciplinary authority on grounds provided for by law or regulations.

RULE III. OFFENSES AND PENALTIES

Section 7. Classification of Penalties and their Resulting Disabilities. – The following are
the penalties that may be imposed for administrative offenses:

a. Dismissal
  permanent separation of the respondent from the service, with or without
prejudice to criminal or civil liability
 cancellation of eligibility for retirement benefits
 the perpetual disqualification for reemployment in the government service.
b. Suspension

 temporary cessation of work for a period not exceeding one (1) year
 Suspension of one day or more shall be considered a gap in the continuity of
service.
 respondent shall not be entitled to all money benefits, including leave credits.
 disqualification from promotion corresponding to the period of suspension.

Section 9. Classification of Offenses. – Administrative offenses with corresponding

penalties are classified into grave, less grave or light, depending on their gravity or
depravity and effects on the government service.

A. Grave Offenses

1. DISLOYALTY TO THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES AND TO THE FILIPINO PEOPLE:

1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

2. GRAVE MISCONDUCT: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

3. GROSS NEGLECT OF DUTY: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

4. DISHONESTY: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

5. BEING NOTORIOUSLY UNDESIRABLE: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

6. FALSIFICATION OF OFFICIAL DOCUMENT: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

7. CONVICTION OF A CRIME INVOLVING MORAL TURPITUDE: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

8. ENGAGING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN PARTISAN POLITICAL ACTIVITIES: 1ST OFFENSE

– DISMISSAL

9. RECEIVING FOR PERSONAL USE OF A FEE, GIFT OR OTHER VALUABLE THING IN THE
COURSE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES OR IN CONNECTION THEREWITH WHEN SUCH FEE, GIFT,
OR OTHER VALUABLE THING IS GIVEN BY ANY PERSON IN THE HOPE OR EXPECTATION
OF RECEIVING A FAVOR OR BETTER TREATMENT THAN THAT ACCORDED TO OTHER
PERSONS OR COMMITTING ACTS PUNISHABLE UNDER THE ANTI-GRAFT LAWS: 1ST
OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

10.SOLICITING OR ACCEPTING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ANY GIFT, GRATUITY,

FAVOR, ENTERTAINMENT, LOAN, OR ANYTHING OF MONETARY VALUE IN THE
COURSE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES: 1ST OFFENSE – DISMISSAL
B. Less Grave Offenses

1. SIMPLE MISCONDUCT: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO 6

MONTHS); 2ND OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

2. SIMPLE NEGLECT OF DUTY: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO

6 MONTHS); 2ND OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

3. GROSS DISCOURTESY IN THE COURSE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES: 1ST OFFENSE –

SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO 6 MONTHS); 2ND OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

4. VIOLATION OF CIVIL SERVICE LAWS, THE FOREIGN SERVICE ACT, AND REASONABLE
DEPARTMENT RULES AND REGULATIONS: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY
TO 6 MONTHS); 2ND OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

5. INSUBORDINATION: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO 6 MONTHS); 2ND

OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

6. HABITUAL DRUNKENNESS: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO 6

MONTHS); 2ND OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

7. UNFAIR DISCRIMINATION IN RENDERING PUBLIC SERVICE DUE TO PARTY AFFILIATION

OR PREFERENCE: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO 6 MONTHS); 2ND
OFFENSE
– DISMISSAL

8. FAILURE TO FILE SWORN STATEMENTS OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND NET WORTH, AND TO
DISCLOSE BUSINESS INTERESTS AND FINANCIAL CONNECTIONS INCLUDING THOSE OF
THEIR SPOUSES AND UNMARRIED CHILDREN UNDER EIGHTEEN (18) YEARS OF AGE
LIVING IN THEIR HOUSEHOLDS: 1ST OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 MONTH, 1 DAY TO 6
MONTHS); 2ND OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

C. Light Offenses

1. DISCOURTESY IN THE COURSE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND;

2ND OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

2. IMPROPER OR UNAUTHORIZED SOLICITATION OF CONTRIBUTIONS FROM

SUBORDINATE OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE –
SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

3. BORROWING MONEY BY SUPERIOR OFFICERS FROM SUBORDINATES: 1ST OFFENSE

– REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE –
DISMISSAL

4. WILLFUL FAILURE TO PAY JUST DEBTS OR FAILURE TO PAY TAXES DUE TO THE
GOVERNMENT. THE TERM “JUST DEBTS” SHALL APPLY ONLY TO CLAIMS ADJUDICATED
BY A COURT OF LAW, OR CLAIMS THE EXISTENCE AND JUSTNESS OF WHICH ARE
ADMITTED BY THE DEBTOR: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1
TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL
5. VIOLATION OF REASONABLE OFFICE RULES AND REGULATIONS: 1ST OFFENSE –
REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE –
DISMISSAL

6. HABITUAL TARDINESS: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 TO

30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

7. REFUSAL TO RENDER OVERTIME SERVICE: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE

– SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

8. LOBBYING FOR PERSONAL INTEREST OR GAIN IN LEGISLATIVE HALLS AND OFFICES

WITHOUT AUTHORITY: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 TO
30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

9. GAMBLING PROHIBITED BY LAW: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND OFFENSE

– SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

10.PROMOTING THE SALE OF TICKETS ON BEHALF OF PRIVATE ENTERPRISES THAT ARE

NOT INTENDED FOR CHARITABLE OR PUBLIC WELFARE PURPOSES, AND EVEN IN THE
LATTER CASES, IF THERE IS NO PRIOR AUTHORITY: 1ST OFFENSE – REPRIMAND; 2ND
OFFENSE – SUSPENSION (1 TO 30 DAYS); 3RD OFFENSE – DISMISSAL

Disciplinary action may be taken against an officer or an employee only by the

appropriate disciplinary authority:

(a) The President for all presidential appointees of the Department, upon
the recommendation of the Secretary; and

(b) The Secretary for all those appointed by him or by his predecessors.

DOTC
 The primary government agency responsible for the development and regulation
of transportation and communication systems.
 Part of its mandate is to ensure safe and reliable services to accelerate economic
development and to better serve the transport and communications needs of the
citizenry.
 There are 16 agencies attached to DOTC
 Cebu Port Authority  Maritime Industry Authority
 Civil Aeronautics Board  North Luzon Railways
 Civil Aviation Authority of Corporation
the Philippines (CAAP)  Office of Transportation
 Light Rail Transit Authority Cooperatives
(LRTA)  Office for Transportation
 Mactan- Cebu International Security
Airport Authority  Philippine Aerospace
 Manila International Airport Development Corporation
Authority (MIAA)  Philippine Coast Guard
 Philippine Merchant Academy
 Philippine National Railways
(PNR)
 Philippine Ports Authority (PPA)
 Toll Regulatory Board
Historical background
1973
 the first oil crisis was taken up in the cabinet meeting of October 9
 President Marcos 1st reprimand- jeepney drivers and operators should not be
deprived of their livelihood
 he then thought that the solution was to organize them into cooperatives
 He also thought that jeepney drivers and operators co-owners of the business
must be allowed to have bigger units, extend them loans, and give them
incentives, such as priority in grant of permits or franchises.
Presidential Memorandum Order No. 395
 It was 10 days after the meeting, on October 19, 1973 the Presidential
Memorandum Order No. 395 was issued to formally create that committee
and set down its mandates.
 Assistant Executive Secretary Roberto V. Reyes was appointed by President
Marcos to be the chairman
Memorandum Order No. 438
 On July 10, 1974 it was issued to expand the coverage and scope of the
program. It has tasked the CTC to include the provinces in its campaign and
opened the membership of the transport cooperatives to vehicle owners or
operators
Executive Order No. 708
 The committee on Transportation Cooperatives (CTC) was transferred from
the office of the President and attached instead to the ministry of
communications.
 It is to enhance government’s efficiency in its supervision of the facilities and
services of the transport cooperatives.
Executive Order No 898
 On May 28, 1983 it was issued by President Marcos reorganizing the CTC into the
office of Transportation Cooperatives (OTC), which continues to be attached
to the Ministry (later department) of Transportation and Communication
Executive Order No 398
 A slot in the Board of Directors of OTC is reserved for the Chief of the
Philippine Constabulary, President Fidel V. Ramos

Land Transportation Office

Tanggapan ng Transportasyong-Lupa
History
▶ As early as 1910, there were already few motor vehicles seen operating in public
highways in Manila and suburbs.
▶ On February 6, 1912, Legislative Act No. 2159 was enacted to regulate motor
vehicles and provide for regulation and licensing of operators in the Philippine
Island.
▶ This law created an Automobile Section under the Administrative Division of
the Bureau of Public Works.
▶ Later on, Legislative Act 2159 was amended by 2389, 2556, 2587, 2639 and 2925
▶ In 1922, Act No. 3045 was passed into law compiling and incorporating all laws
governing motor vehicles. The Automobile Section was upgraded to the
Automobile Division under the Bureau of Public Works.
▶ On January 1, 1933, Act No. 3992 otherwise known as “The Revised Motor Vehicle
Law” was enacted. The Automobile Division was renamed Division of Motor
 Vehicles. The Chief of the Division was called the Superintendent of Division
of Motor Vehicles
▶ .In 1947, Executive Order No. 94 was promulgated reorganizing the different
executive departments, bureaus and offices. Under Section 82 of this E.O.,
the Division of Motor Vehicles was upgraded into the Motor Vehicles Office
(MVO).
▶ On June 20, 1964, R.A. 4136, otherwise known as the “Land Transportation
and Traffic Code” was enacted abolishing the Motor Vehicle Office and
creating the Land Transportation Commission.
▶ On July 23, 1979, Executive Order Number 546 was promulgated creating the
Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC).This marked
reorganization. The Land Transportation Commission was renamed Bureau of
Land Transportation and was absorbed by MOTC.

Powers and Functions

• Inspection and Registration of Motor Vehicles
• Issuance of License and Permits
• Enforcement of Land Transportation Rules and Regulations
• Adjudication of Traffic Cases
• Collection of Revenues for the Government

Organizational Structure

Recruitment Process
▶ Posting notice of Vacancy to their Website (www.lto.gov.ph)

Training
▶ Regional Office Assigns Trainings to personnel.
Ex. LTO inspector: Stencil
Disciplinary Mechanism
▶ R.A. 9485 “Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007”
Section 11:
(a) Light offense Penalties:
First offense: 30 days suspension without pay and mandatory
attendance in Values Orientation Program
Second offence: 3 months suspension without pay
Third Offense: Dismissal and perpetual disqualification from public
service.
(b) Grave Offenses: Fixing and/or collusion with fixers in consideration of
economic and/or other gain or advantage.
Penalty: Dismissal and perpetual disqualification from public service.

Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board

a. Powers and Functions of the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board.
The Board shall have the following powers and functions:

 To prescribe and regulate routes of service, economically viable capacities

and zones or areas of operation of public land transportation services provided
by motorized vehicles in accordance with the public land transportation
development plans and programs approved by the Department of
Transportation and Communications;
 To issue, amend, revise, suspend or cancel Certificates of Public Convenience or
permits authorizing the operation of public land transportation services provided
by motorized vehicles, and to prescribe the appropriate terms and conditions
therefore;
 To determine, prescribe and approve and periodically review and adjust,
reasonable fares, rates and other related charges, relative to the operation of
public land transportation services provided by motorized vehicles;
 To issue preliminary or permanent injunction, whether prohibitory or mandatory,
in all cases in which it has jurisdiction, and in which cases the pertinent
provisions of the Rules of Court shall apply;
 To punish for contempt of the Board, both direct and indirect, in
accordance with the pertinent provisions of, and the penalties prescribed by,
the Rules of Court;
 To issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum and summon witnesses to
appear in any proceedings of the Board, to administer oaths and affirmations;
 To conduct investigations and hearings of complaints for violation of the public
service laws on land transportation and of the Board’s rules and regulations,
orders, decisions and/or rulings and to impose fines and/or penalties for such
violations;
 To review motu proprio the decisions/actions of the Regional Franchising and
Regulatory Office herein created;
 To promulgate rules and regulations governing proceedings before the Board
and the Regional Franchising and Regulatory Office: Provided, That except with
 respect to paragraphs d, e, f and g hereof, the rules of procedure and
evidence prevailing in the courts of laws should not be controlling and it is the
spirit and intention of said rules that the Board and the Regional Franchising and
Regulatory Offices shall use every and all reasonable means to ascertain facts in
its case speedily and objectively and without regard to technicalities of law and
procedures, all in the interest of due process;
 To fix, impose and collect, and periodically review and adjust, reasonable fees
and other related charges for services rendered;
 To formulate, promulgate, administer, implement and enforce rules and
regulations on land transportation public utilities, standards of measurements
and/or design, and rules and regulations requiring operators of any public land
transportation service to equip, install and provide in their utilities and in their
stations such devices, equipment facilities and operating procedures and
techniques as may promote safety, protection, comfort and convenience to
persons and property in their charges as well as the safety of persons and
property within their areas of operations;
 To coordinate and cooperate with other government agencies and entities
concerned with any aspect involving public land transportation services with the
end in view of effecting continuing improvement of such services; and
 To perform such other functions and duties as may be provided by law, or as
may be necessary, or proper or incidental to the purposes and objectives of
this Executive Order.

b. Organizational structure

Agency Overview:
 Agency executives
 Formed
-Martin B. Delgra III, LTRFB Chairman
- June 19, 1987
-Ronaldo F. Corpus, Board Member
 Jurisdiction
-Aileen Lourdes A. Lizada, Board Member
-Republic of the Philippines
  Headquarters -Samuel A. M. Jardin, Board Member

-East Avenue, Diliman, Quezon C  Parent department

-Department of Transportation
 Website

-http://ltfrb.go

c. Responsibilities
 The LTFRB is responsible for promulgating, administering, enforcing, and
monitoring compliance of policies, laws, and regulations of public land
transportation services. The agency is in charge of granting franchises or
accreditations and regulating public vehicles such as Public Utility Buses
(PUBs), Mini-buses, Public Utility Jeepneys (PUJs), Utility Vehicle (UV) Express
Services, Filcab service, school services, taxies, Transportation Network Vehicle
Services (TNVS), and Tourist Transport Services.

d. Recruitment Process
 Recruitment process includes application and registration through the
department wherein there is a different types of public utility applications to
choose from.

e. Trainings
 Some of the trainings:

- Driver's Academy
- Public Utility Drivers Academy Program
- One day training seminar for PUJ drivers and Operators group

F. BENEFITS
The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) has approved a new
passenger insurance package that doubled the benefits for those killed or hurt in
accidents involving public utility vehicles (PUVs). Current passenger death benefits
went up from P200,000 to P400,000. Status quo Burial assistance for both the driver and
conductor, on the other hand, remains at P15,000, as well as the one-time educational
assistance for their children (P10,000). The Department of Transportation (DOTr) and
The Land Transportation Franchising & Regulatory Board (LTFRB) is currently distributing
initial batch of Pantawid Pasada Fuel Cards. Around 179,000 valid franchise holders
of Public Utility Jeepneys (PUJ) nationwide will benefit from the Pantawid Pasada Fuel
Programm
G. PROMOTION
Chairman Delgra reiterated the value of honesty, work ethic and commitment to the
work that LTFRB personnel render as public servants.

Philippine National Railway

HISTORY
🠶 The first Philippine railway was formally inaugurated on November 24, 1892.
However, it was only on June 20, 1964 that Congress created a government
instrumentality known as Philipine National Railways (PNR) to provide a nationwide
raildroad and transporation system by virtue of Republic Act No. 4156.
🠶 The PNR was to take over the operations of Manila Railroad Company of the
Philippine Islands.
🠶 The PNR is attributed to these two men, Capt. Andres O. Hizon and Col. Salvador
T. Villa who served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the General
Manager, respectively. During their term, they modernized the locomotives from
steam to diesel.
🠶 Presently, the PNR is currently operating portions from Caloocan to Alabang,
Sipocot to Naga, and Naga to Legaspi. It has two (2) passenger services —
Commuter Express and Bicol Commuter. During its heyday, however, PNR’s
services were offered from La Union to Bicol, covering over 797 kilometers. In
the course of its history, it has operated two (2) main lines and a number of
branch lines. The two main lines are the Main Line North which runs from
Manila to San Fernando, La Union, and the Main Line South which runs from
Manila to Legaspi, Albay. Among the branch lines it has operated throughout the
years are the San Jose Branch Line which runs from Tarlac to San Jose, Nueva
Ecija; the Cabanatuan Branch line which runs from Calamba to Batangas;
and the Santa Cruz Branch Line which runs from College, Los Banos to Santa
Cruz, Laguna.
🠶 Currently, the PNR is undergoing modernization with funding and support from the
Japan Ianternational Cooperation Agency (JICA). It is set to cover existing and
proposed branch lines, approximately 653 kilometers in total. It will include
rehabilitation or expansion of railway operations from Tutuban, Manila to
Calamba, Laguna; from Calamba, Laguna to Batangas City, Batangas; and
Legazpi, Albay to Matnog, Sorsogon. The project will also include a 38-kilometer
commuter train from Tutuban to Malolos. The estimated total time of this trip
would be around 35 minutes

A. POWERS AND FUNCTION

🠶 The PNR shall provide safe, reliable and affordable railway services as a socio-
economic development tool within the framework of the national
infrastructure system, while ensuring sustainable operations so that optimum
service can be
rendered at a minimum passenger and freight prices.
 🠶
B. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Salary
 Board of directors
o chairman – 12,000.00/board meeting
o Board members – 10,000.00/board meeting
o Commitee – 6,000.00/board meeting
 Officials
o General Manager
 basic salary: 73,000.00/ month (877,188/annum)
o Assistant General Manager
 basic salary: 67,684.00/ month (812,208/annum)
o Department Manager
 basic salary: 60,624.00/ month (727,488.00/annum)
o Asst. Department Manager
 basic salary: 53,730/ month (644,760.00/ annum)
o Division Manager
 basic salary: 53,709/ month (644,508.00/ annum)
Basic salries are based on the 4th tranche of the implementation of the
salary adjustment provided in the Joint Resolution of the Senate and of the
House of Representative, and Executive order no. 811, both approved by the
President on June 17, 2009.

C. RESPONSIBILITIES
🠶 The PNR must be administered with the view of serving the interests of the public
by providing them the maximum of service and, while aiming at its greatest
utility by the public, the economy of operation must be ensured so that
service can be
rendered at the minimum passenger and freight prices possible.
 🠶 Providing accessible means of transport that's comfortable, secure, reliable
and affordable to satisfied commuters - all these thru a responsive PNR
organization engaged in Public-Private-Partnership.

D. Recruitment Process
🠶 shall be based on the:
- need of the organization
- Relevance to career path
- Experience
- Length of service
- Performance rating
- Satisfaction of minimum requirements (age limit and education)

E. Training
🠶 PRTC (Philippine Railway Training Center)
- joint training
🠶 TESDA accreditation (Technical Education and Skills Development Authority)
- dealing with train faults
- responding to emergencies
- control center

F. Promotion
🠶 Merit and efficiency shall serve as basis; and
🠶 No political test or qualification shall be prescribed and considered

G. Retirement
Optional retirement shall be at the age of sixty (60). Unless the service is extended by
authorities, retirement shall be compulsory at the age of sixty-five (65).

H. BENEFITS
🠶 R.A No. 1616 (Take All Retirement Mode) provides gratitude benefit for retiring
members . The employee shall also be entitled to a refund of retirement premiums.
🠶 R.A no. 8291 (The Government Service Insurance System Act of 1997)
 Basic Monthly Pension – shall not be less than P1,300.00. provided further
that the basic monthly pension of those who rendered service at least
20 years shall not be less than P2,4000.00 a month.
 Computation of service
 Separation benefit
 Retirement benefit
 Permanent total disability benefit
 Temporary disability benefit
 Survivorship benefit
 Funeral benefit
 Life insurance benefit

I. DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
 The director general, after due notice and hearing, is authorized to
impose fines and penalties.
 Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
HISTORY
 Legislative Act No. 3909 passed by the Philippine Legislative on November 20,
1931 created an Office under the Department of Commerce and
Communications to handle aviation matters, particularly the enforcement of
rules and regulations governing commercial aviation as well as private flying.
 On November 12, 1936, the Philippine Legislative passed Commonwealth Act No.
168, better known as the Civil Aviation Law of the Philippines which created
the Bureau of Aeronautics.
 On October, 1947, Executive Order No. 94 which reorganized the
government transferred Bureau of Aeronautics to the Newly created
Department of Commerce and Industry and renamed Civil Aeronautics
Administration (CAA).
 On June 20, 1952, Republic Act No. 776, otherwise known as the Civil
Aeronautics Act of the Philippines reorganized the Civil Aeronautics Board and
the Civil Aeronautics Administration.
 On July 23, 1979, Executive Order No. 546, the CAA was renamed the Bureau of
Air Transportation (BAT) and placed under the Ministry of Transportation and
Communications.
 On April 4, 1987, Executive Order No. 125 renamed the Bureau of Air
Transportation the Air Transportation Office headed by the Assistant
Secretary of Air Transportation.
 On March 4, 2008, Republic Act No. 9497 renamed the Air Transportation
Office the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines headed by the Director
General of Civil Aviation

Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines

🠶 an independent regulatory body with quasi-judicial and quasi-legislative powers
and possessing corporate attributes to be known as the Civil Aviation Authority of
the Philippines (CAAP, attached to the Department of Transportation and
Communications (DOTC)
🠶 headed by a Director General of Civil Aviation, who shall be appointed by the
President of the Philippines and shall have a tenure of office for a period of four
(4)years. His appointment may be extended for another non-extendible term of
four (4) years.
🠶 Captain Jim C. Sydiongco – Director General of CAAP
🠶 Qualifications of Director General. - No person shall be appointed or
designated as the Director General unless he is a...
 Filipino citizen,
 At least thirty-five (35) years of age,
 Of good moral character,
 Unquestionable integrity,
 Recognized competence and
 A degree holder with at least five (5) years supervisory or
management experience in the field of aviation
 A. POWER AND FUNCTION
 The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP is the national
aviation authority of the Philippines and is responsible for implementing
policies on civil aviation to assure safe, economic and efficient air travel.
 The agency also investigates aviation accidents via its Aircraft Accident
Investigation and Inquiry Board
B. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

🠶 Safety Management System staff - Carry out Safety Performance Monitoring, Perform
Safety Assessment, Regularly perform Safety Auditing, and Safety Promotion.
🠶 Air Traffic Control and Airspace Management Division - Supervise and manage Air
Traffic Control Services provided within the Philippine airspace and all controlled airports
to ensure safe, orderly and expeditious conduct of air traffic. Conduct investigations
of aircraft accidents/incidents and perform safety monitoring of the operations of
ATC facilities.
🠶 Aeronautical Information & Communication Division - Ensure the flow of information
necessary for the safety, Regularity and efficiency of international air navigation. Provide
administrative service and Flight Information and assistance service nationwide.
🠶 Planning Evaluation & Personnel Division - Provide overall administrative services,
Execute administrative policies, rules and regulations, and analyze management problem
and provide solutions. Monitor and provide logistical support for ATS general service
requirements. Programs training requirements , facility proficiency and career
development of ATS personnel
🠶 The Office of Enforcement and Legal Service - This office shall provide adequate legal
assistance and support to the Director General and to the Authority, as a whole, in
the exercise of quasi-legislative and quasi-judicial power.
C. RESPONSIBILITIES

🠶 The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) is a multi-role

government agency responsible for the regulation of aviation in the Philippines.
🠶 CAAP is to:
 • Establish and prescribe rules and regulations for the inspection and
registration of all aircraft owned and operated in the Philippines and
all air facilities;
• Establish and prescribe the corresponding rules and regulations for
the enforcement of laws governing air transportation
• Operate and maintain national airports, air navigation and other similar
facilities
• Administer and operate the Civil Aviation Training Center (CATC);

Recruitment Process
🠶 Application
🠶 Examinations nationwide
🠶 Panel interview
🠶 Physical examinations.
A. Qualification Requirements
o Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
o Single
o Not more than 26 years old as of May 25, 2019
o Physically, mentally, and psychologically fit
o Of good moral character
o With good command of oral and written English
o With no criminal or administrative case
o Has not been dishonorably separated from government or private service
o Baccalaureate degree holder of any course
o Computer literate
o With 20/20 vision, without corrective lenses, and not color blind
B. Documentary Requirements
o Duly accomplished application forms
o Diploma (authenticated copy)
o Transcript of records (authenticated copy)
o Birth certificate (photocopy)
o Police clearance (original copy)
o NBI clearance (original copy)
o Two pieces 2"x2" photo (colored picture with white background)

E. Training
🠶 CATC (Civil Aviation Training Center)
-The center provides on a regional basis the advanced
training coursesin the areas of management, instructions and other aviation
disciplines.
-The national courses in the fields of air traffic control,
airways communications and air navigation facilities maintenance are
programmed to meet the training requirements.
F. Promotion
🠶 Must meet with the qualifications depending on the position applying to.

G. RETIREMENT
🠶 Retirement shall be automatic and compulsory at the age of sixty-five (65) years
old if he had completed fifteen years of service.
🠶 If he has not, he shall be allowed in the service until he shall have completed
fifteen years unless he is otherwise eligible for disability retirement.

H. BENEFIT
🠶 Retirement benefit –
 Retirement gratuity provided under Republic Act No. 1616, as amended, plus the
refund of retirement premiums payable by the Government Service Insurance
System (GSIS), without the incentive herein provided;
 Retirement benefit under Republic Act No. 660 or applicable retirement,
separation or unemployment benefit provided under Republic Act No. 8291, if
qualified
 Those with less than three (3) years of government service may opt to avail of
the separation gratuity under Republic Act No. 6656

I. DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
 Aircraft accident investigation and Inquiry Board
 Reporting of Accidents
 General authority to investigate
 Accident Prevention
 Investigation of Accidents Within Military SitesR.A NO. 9497
Chapter XI SEC. 82.
o General Penalty. - Any violation of the provisions of this Act, or any order,
rule or regulation issued thereunder, or any term, condition or limitation of
any certificate or license issued under this Act for which no penalty is
expressly provided shall be punished by a fine ranging from Twenty
 thousand pesos (Php20,000.00) to One hundred thousand pesos
(Php100,000.00) for each violation.
 SEC. 83. Penalty Considerations.
- In determining the amount of any such penalty, the Director General
shall take into account the nature, circumstances, extent and gravity of
the violation and, with respect to the person found to have committed the
violation, the degree of culpability, history of prior offenses, ability to pay,
effect on ability to continue to do business, and such other matters as
justice may require.

PHILIPPINE COAST GUARD

History
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5173
 an act creating the PCG
 EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 475- March 30, 1998
 Transferred the PCG from DND to Office of the president
 EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 477- April 15, 1998
 transferred to Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC)

TANOD BABAYIN NG PILIPINAS (PCG)
 Armed and uniformed service agency attached to DOTC
 13 Coast Guard Districts, 54 Stations and over 190 CG sub-stations from Batanes
to Tawi-tawi

A. POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

 mandated to conduct Maritime Law enforcement (MARLEN)
- laws on fisheries, tariff, firearms &explosives, human trafficking, immigration,
dangerous drugs and controlled chemicals…etc
- implement the Revised Penal Code and other applicable laws within
country’s maritime jurisdiction
 authorized to board and expect all watercrafts suspected to be involved in or
used in illegal trade
 Availability of K-9 unit
 Implement Intensified Mandatory Pre-departure Inspection
 Issuing permit and supervise marine salvage operations
 operating and servicing 565 lighthouses and 44 navigational buoys around
country
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

C. RESPONSIBILITY
 RA 9993
- prevent/ minimize unnecessary loss of lives and properties at sea
- agency responsible for Philippine implementation of Conventions
- enhancement of PCG capability and oil spill response operations; and
- enforcement of all marine environmental laws and regulations
- MARITIME SECURITY of the country’s 36,289 km coastline

D. RECRUITMENT
 Qualifications:
 Age: 21-26 yrs. Old Height: 5’2’’(F) 5’4’’(M)
 Must have 72 units credentials/ Baccalaureate Degree
 Maritime/ Engineering/ Aviation -related courses
 BS Accountancy
 Marine Science Courses
 Must have PRC license? Professional Civil Service Eligibility
 Must pass the PCG Aptitude Battery Test (officers)

E. TRAINING
 Rigid Academic and Physical Training
 Instills discipline and transforms their civilian mindset to abide with time-honored
coast guard traditions and standards
 BASIC COAST GUARD TRAINING at Coast Guard Non-Officer’s Basic
Education and Training Center at Bataan
 Length of training: 6 months
 CANDIDATE COAST GUARD OFFICERS COURSE (CCGOC) in Bagac, Bataan
 Length of Training: 11 months

F. PROMOTION
 through indoctrination, endorsement by Station Commander

G. BENEFITS
 -17,000 starting salary, 28-40,000(officers)
 Accidental Death Benefit (ADB)
 Includes Annual Physical Exam for 5 yrs
 Available after 8 moths of continuous payroll deduction of 350/month
 Transferrable to immediate family members
H. RETIREMENT
 RA 9993
Age of retirement under existing laws shall be
followed
-56 to 60 years old
I.DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
 Any violation of the Decree’s provision shall be punished with a fine of 200-1000
or imprisonment of 30days to 6 months
 The penalty shall be imposed on the responsible officers and directors thereof

PHILIPPINE marine merchant academy

History
 Escuela Nautica de Manila
- by Spanish Royal Decree on January 1, 1820
 Nautical School of the Philippine Islands
- reopened by American Authorities on December 15, 1899
 Philippine Nautical School
- closed in 1907 for lack of support
PMMA
 Only premier state maritime institution in the country
 Maritime Programs:
BS Marine Transportation
BS Marine Engineering
 Master’s Degree:
Shipping Management
Maritime Education and Training

A. POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

  Curriculum: academics and Military-style leadership and discipline
 Aimed at training marine officers to
- manage coastal and foreign trade
- serve as shipping executives, port supervisor, marine surveyor
-serve as naval officers in time of war or national emergency
 carry the expanding international trade

B. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES
 Chairperson, CHED
 Superintendent
 Vice Chairman
 PH Senate Member, PMMA Board of Trustees
 House of Representatives, PMMA Board of Trustees
 Flag Officer in Command

C. RESPONSIBLITY
 Council:
prescribe the curricula and rules of discipline
fix requirements for admission and graduate
recommend students as recipients of degrees
 Superintendent:
responsible for disciplinary of the students within the limits prescribed by rules
of the Academy
 Enact general ordinances and regulations, not contrary to the law and
shall be consistent with the purpose of the academy

D. RECRUITMENT
 Apply in person or through mail to the committee on Admission
 Qualifications:
 Age: 17-23 yrs. Old Height: 5’1’’(F) 5’3’’(M)
 At least HS graduate(or currently grade 12)
 BMI: less than 25
 Good moral character
 Has not been enrolled In PMMA
 Waiting List (Met the requirements but were not covered by quota)

E. TRAINING
 Indoctrination: (1 month probationary)
 4-year residency Course
 3-year academic studies(1st ,2nd ,4th )
 1 year apprentice training (3rd )
 Required to pay complete set of uniforms and miscellaneous fees (every semester)
 Rigid Academic and Physical Training
 Instills discipline and transforms their civilian mindset to abide with time-honored
coast guard traditions and standards
 Advance Training in Fire fighting
  Basic Safety Training
 Cargo Handling and Cargo Care
 Proficiency Training in Survival Craft and Rescue Boat

F. PROMOTION
 -through indoctrination
 -merit system

G. BENEFITS
 -Highly subsidized 4-year college education
 Free-tuition fee
 Board and lodging
 Stipend from various shipping companies
 Provision for medical and dental care

H. RETIREMENT
 Graduates have an option to serve in PH Navy or PCG

I.DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
 Inverted Meal- punishment of a cadet who committed a violation

(Maritime Industrial Authority)

History
 Created on July 01, 1974 by the PD No. 474
Office of the president Ministry of transportation

(Aug. 29, 1979) Executive order no. 546 and Communication

PD No. 761 (July 23, 1979)

A. Powers and Functions

▶ Presidential Decree No 744 / maritime decree of 1974 on June 1, 1974 “providing
for the reorganization of Maritime functions in the Philippines, creating the
maritime industry authority
 Oversees the promotion and development of the maritime industry and
also provides effective regulation of shipping enterprises.
 Granted the authority to issue Certificate of Public Convenience (CPC),
permitting the operation of domestic and overseas water carriers.
 it also includes the registration of vessels, issuance of licenses, the
addressing of safety concerns pertaining to vessel construction, and
the enforcement of maritime law
C. Responsibilities
▶ RA 10635
 Responsible for the implementation and enforcement of the 1978
international convention on standards of training, certification and watch keeping
for seafarer (STCW CONVENTION)
CERTIFICATION
• Certificate of competency- a certificate issued to masters, officers and global
maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)
• Certificate of endorsement-attestation of the maritime administration as to
the authenticity and validity of the certificates
• Certificate of proficiency- a certificate of competency issued to a seafarer, stating
that the issuance of the relevant requirements of training competencies or
training under STCW convention have been met
D. Disciplinary Mechanism
any person who gives false or misleading data or information or willfully or
through gross negligence, conceals or falsifies a material fact, in any investigation,
inquiry or hearing or other proceedings held pursuant to this decree, shall be
punished with imprisonment or not less than two or more than six months and with a
fine of not less than five hundred nor more than one thousand pesos: provided,
however, that if the false or misleading data or information shall have been given under
oath, the maximum penalty for giving false testimony or perjury shall be imposed.
NBI

ROOTS OF NBI

Commonwealth Act No. 181 (November 13, 1936) saw the inception of the
National Bureau of Investigation, originally called Division of Investigation (patterned
after the US Federal Bureau of Investigation).

Republic Act No. 157 (June 19, 1947) reorganized the Division of Investigation
into the Bureau of Investigation under the Department of Justice (DOJ).

Executive Order No. 94 (October 4, 1949) renamed the Bureau of Investigation

to National Bureau of Investigation which remained attached to DOJ.

Executive Order No. 292 (July 25, 1987), the Administrative Code of 1987,
provided for the organization structure and operation of the DOJ and its attached
agencies, including the NBI.
 Mandate

The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) undertakes efficient detection and

investigation of crimes and other offenses against the laws of the Philippines upon its
own initiative and as public interest may require, renders technical assistance upon
request in the investigation and detection of crimes and other offenses, coordinates
with other national and local police agencies in the maintenance of peace and order,
and establishes and maintains an up-to-date scientific crime laboratory. It acts as a
national clearing house of criminal and other information for the use of all
prosecuting and law enforcement entities of the Philippines: identification records of
identifying marks, characteristics, and ownership or possession of all firearms as well
as of test bullets fired therefrom.

 POWER AND FUNCTIONS

 Undertake investigation and detection of crimes and offenses enumerated under
Section 5 hereof;
 Issue subpoena for the appearance of any person for investigation or
production of documents, through its officers from the ranks of Regional
Director to Director;
 Act as a national clearing house of criminal records and other related information
for the benefit of the government;
 Render technical assistance to government agencies and instrumentalities, when
so requested;
 Extend assistance in cases involving extradition and mutual legal assistance,
when requested by the Department of Justice;
 Establish an NBI Academy which shall be responsible for the recruitment,
training, and development of all NBI agents and personnel, among others;
 Establish and maintain a Forensic and Scientific Research Center which shall
serve as the primary center for forensic and scientific research in furtherance of
scientific knowledge in criminal investigation, detection, evidence collection
and preservation, and provide the necessary training therefor;
 Establish and maintain a Cyber Investigation and Assessment Center which shall
serve as the nerve center for computer information technologies, data on
 cybercrime cases, computer intrusion, threats, and other related crimes or
activities;
 Establish and maintain an integrated, comprehensive, and state-of-the-art
network of equipment and facilities to be used by the NBI in its criminal
investigation, detection, and evidence gathering, and to provide the
corresponding training in this regard;
 Request the assistance of the Philippine National Police (PNP), Armed Forces
of the Philippines, or any other agency of the government, including
government- owned and/or -controlled corporations, in its anti-crime drive.
Such assistance may include the use of the agency’s personnel and facilities
upon prior approval by the head of the agency concerned;
 Conduct intelligence operations in furtherance of the foregoing powers and
functions;
 Enter into any contract or transaction for the acquisition, ownership, possession,
administration, lease, disposition or acceptance of real or personal property in its
name, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Justice;
 Establish a modern NBI Clearance and Identification Center containing all
derogatory and criminal records and civilian identification records, including their
identifying marks and characteristics and fingerprint database, as well as dental
records pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1575, entitled “Requiring
Practitioners of Dentistry to Keep Records of Their Patients”;
 Maintain, for purposes of investigative and forensic requirements of the NBI,
relevant database such as ballistic records of firearms including, but not limited
to, data ownership, possession, and other related identifying circumstances;
and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) databank; and
 Perform such other functions as the President or the Secretary of Justice may
assign.

 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The present organizational structure of the NBI shall be reorganized into

the Office of the Director, Office of the Deputy Director for Administration,
Office of
the Deputy Director for Operations, Offices of the Assistant Directors for
Investigation Service, Intelligence Service, Comptroller Service, Human Resource
and Management Service, Forensic and Scientific Research Service, Legal
Service, and Information and Communications Technology Service. Each service
shall be composed of the necessary divisions and sections.
  RESPONSIBILITIES
 Responsible for the efficient detection and investigation of crimes and other
offenses against the laws of the Philippines, upon its own initiative and as
public interest may require, rendering assistance, whenever properly requested
in the investigation or detection of crimes and other offenses; and coordinating
with other national and local police agencies in the maintenance of peace
and order.
 Responsible for handling and solving major high-profile cases that are in
the interest of the nation.
 Issuance of NBI clearance
 Gather and examine financial records, as well as conduct background
checks to find clues and useful information. They prepare reports on findings
to show their clients. They might send evidence to be analyzed through a
variety of laboratory test.

 RECRUITMENT PROCESS

For those who want to become NBI Agent or NBI Special Investigator, here are the
requirements and qualification:

NBI Agent Qualifications

 Must be a Filipino Citizen.

 Must have a good moral character and in excellent physical and mental health.
 Must be a Lawyer or Certified Public Accountant.
 Must have no pending criminal, civil or administrative charges and never
convicted of any crime.
 At least 5'5" in height for males; 5'3" for females.
 Between 25 and 35 years of age.
 With excellent vision within normal range.
 Must have no tattoo marks or pierced ears.

NBI Special Investigator Qualifications

 Must be a Filipino Citizen,

 Must have a good moral character and in excellent physical and mental health.
 Must be a bachelor’s degree holder.
 Must be a Professional civil service eligible or board passer.
 Must be a Lawyer or Certified Public Accountant
  With a general weighted average of 84% in the transcript of records, without any
failing grade.
 Must have no pending criminal, civil or administrative charges and never
convicted of any crime.
 At least 5'5" in height for males; 5'3" for females.
 Between 25 and 35 years of age.
 With excellent vision within normal range.
 Must have no tattoo marks or pierced ears.

Requirements

 Original and Photocopy of the following:

 Diploma
 Transcript of Records
 Eligibility (Civil Service Professional/Bar/Board)
 Birth Certificate
 Marriage Contract - if married
 Residence Certificate
 2 Pcs. 2X2 picture
 NBI Clearance
 Income Tax Return/W2 - if working
 Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth - if working

 TRAINING

The National Bureau of Investigation Academy is located in Baguio at the top of

Session Road right behind the NBI CAR (Cordillera Autonomous Region) compound.
It was first set up around 1996 or 1997 to serve as an institution for in calculating the
basic aspects of criminal investigation and other law enforcement matters to prospective
NBI Agents and Special Investigators. Due to the strict application procedures, there is
no set date when the NBI Academy opens. Training is an average of four months, and
includes such subjects as CQB training, arson investigation, murder
investigation, fraud investigation, etc.

 PROMOTION
 The NBI shall establish a Regional Office in every region to be headed by a
Regional Director and District Offices in every province to be headed by a Head
Agent. Field Offices may also be established and maintained by the Director as the
need arises.

The NBI personnel complement shall be increased and their positions upgraded,
as follows:

From Salary To Salary

Old Position Grade New Position Grade

Director VI SG 30 Director SG 30

Director V (Assistant SG 29 Deputy Director SG29

Director)

Director III (Deputy Director) SG 27 Assistant Director SG 28

Director II (Regional Director) SG 26 Regional Director SG 27

Director I (Assistant Regional SG 25 Assistant Regional SG 26

Director) Director

Investigation Agent VI SG 25 Head Agent SG 25

(Head Agent)

Investigation Agent SG 24 Supervising Agent SG 24

V (Supervising Agent)

Investigation Agent SG 23 Senior Agent SG 23

IV (Senior Agent)

Investigation Agent III SG22 Investigation Agent SG 22

III (Agent)

Investigation Agent II SG 20

Investigation Agent I SG 18

Special Investigator V SG 24

Special Investigator IV SG 22
 From Salary To Salary
Old Position Grade New Position Grade

Special Investigator III SG 18

The NBI shall be headed by a Director and assisted by two (2) Deputy Directors, one
for Administration and another for Operations, and an Assistant Director for each of
the following seven (7) Services: Investigation Service, Intelligence Service, Human
Resource and Management Service, Comptroller Service, Forensic and Scientific
Research Service, Legal Service, and Information and Communications Technology
Service.

The NBI Director shall be appointed by the President and shall have the rank,
salary, and benefits equivalent to that of an Undersecretary. No person shall be
appointed Director unless he or she is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines and a
member of the Philippine Bar who has been engaged in the practice of law for at least
fifteen (15) years, preferably from within the ranks of Directors.

The Assistant Regional Directors to Deputy Directors shall likewise be appointed by

the President of the Philippines, coming from the ranks of the NBI, upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of Justice.

No person shall be appointed Deputy Director or Regional Director unless he or she is

a citizen of the Philippines and a member of the Philippine Bar who has been
engaged in the practice of law for at least ten (10) years for the Deputy Director and
for at least five
(5)years for the Regional Director.

 RETIREMENT

House Bill Number 3284, Section 12

“Upon attaining sixty years of age with at least 15 years of continuous government
service, or upon accumulation of 30 years of satisfactory continuous service,
whichever is earlier, an NBI personnel shall be compulsorily retired and shall be
entitled to receive benefits provided by law. Monetary incentives/special
 allowances shall, for retirement purposes, be an integral part of a retiree's basic
salary.”

 BENEFITS

The NBI shall provide its personnel with the following

 Health care services through a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) for

its regular
 Accident insurance policies for all
 Trainings, scholarships, and seminars to deserving employees to upgrade
their knowledge and skills, on official time and at the expense of the
 Longevity pay, subject to guidelines that shall hereafter be issued by the NBI
Director in accordance with existing laws and regulations and subject further
to the approval of the DBM
 Hazard pay, subject to pertinent laws and rules; and
 Transportation benefits, subject to availability of funds; employees shall be
provided with contracted transportation services until such time that the
office can procure additional motor vehicles for this purpose

 DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
 POLICY ON NEPOTISM- In order to give immediate effect to these provisions,
cases of previous appointments, which are in contravention hereof, shall be
corrected by transfer and pending transfer, no promotion or salary increase shall
be allowed in favor of the relative or relatives who were appointed in violation
of these provisions. (Section 3)
 PENALTIES / ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS
 Violation of any of the provisions of this Code (NBI code of Conduct) shall
constitute a ground for administrative disciplinary action in accordance with
the
 existing NBI Internal Rules and Regulations, Civil Service Laws, and other
applicable laws.
 Appropriate criminal charges may also be filed against erring NBI officials or
employees with Courts and pertinent tribunals.

ROOTS OF NBI

Commonwealth Act No. 181 (November 13, 1936) saw the inception of the
National Bureau of Investigation, originally called Division of Investigation (patterned
after the US Federal Bureau of Investigation).

Republic Act No. 157 (June 19, 1947) reorganized the Division of Investigation
into the Bureau of Investigation under the Department of Justice (DOJ).

Executive Order No. 94 (October 4, 1949) renamed the Bureau of Investigation

to National Bureau of Investigation which remained attached to DOJ.

Executive Order No. 292 (July 25, 1987), the Administrative Code of 1987,
provided for the organization structure and operation of the DOJ and its attached
agencies, including the NBI.

Mandate

The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) undertakes efficient detection and

investigation of crimes and other offenses against the laws of the Philippines upon its
own initiative and as public interest may require, renders technical assistance upon
request in the investigation and detection of crimes and other offenses, coordinates
with other national and local police agencies in the maintenance of peace and order,
and establishes and maintains an up-to-date scientific crime laboratory. It acts as a
national clearing house of criminal and other information for the use of all
prosecuting and law enforcement entities of the Philippines: identification records of
identifying marks, characteristics, and ownership or possession of all firearms as well
as of test bullets fired therefrom.

 POWER AND FUNCTIONS

 Undertake investigation and detection of crimes and offenses enumerated under
Section 5 hereof;
 Issue subpoena for the appearance of any person for investigation or
production of documents, through its officers from the ranks of Regional
Director to Director;
 Act as a national clearing house of criminal records and other related information
for the benefit of the government;
 Render technical assistance to government agencies and instrumentalities, when
so requested;
 Extend assistance in cases involving extradition and mutual legal assistance,
when requested by the Department of Justice;
 Establish an NBI Academy which shall be responsible for the recruitment,
training, and development of all NBI agents and personnel, among others;
 Establish and maintain a Forensic and Scientific Research Center which shall
serve as the primary center for forensic and scientific research in furtherance of
scientific knowledge in criminal investigation, detection, evidence collection
and preservation, and provide the necessary training therefor;
 Establish and maintain a Cyber Investigation and Assessment Center which shall
serve as the nerve center for computer information technologies, data on
cybercrime cases, computer intrusion, threats, and other related crimes or
activities;
 Establish and maintain an integrated, comprehensive, and state-of-the-art
network of equipment and facilities to be used by the NBI in its criminal
investigation, detection, and evidence gathering, and to provide the
corresponding training in this regard;
 Request the assistance of the Philippine National Police (PNP), Armed Forces
of the Philippines, or any other agency of the government, including
government- owned and/or -controlled corporations, in its anti-crime drive.
Such assistance may include the use of the agency’s personnel and facilities
upon prior approval by the head of the agency concerned;
 Conduct intelligence operations in furtherance of the foregoing powers and
functions;
 Enter into any contract or transaction for the acquisition, ownership, possession,
administration, lease, disposition or acceptance of real or personal property in its
name, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Justice;
 Establish a modern NBI Clearance and Identification Center containing all
derogatory and criminal records and civilian identification records, including their
identifying marks and characteristics and fingerprint database, as well as dental
records pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1575, entitled “Requiring
Practitioners of Dentistry to Keep Records of Their Patients”;
 Maintain, for purposes of investigative and forensic requirements of the NBI,
relevant database such as ballistic records of firearms including, but not limited
to, data ownership, possession, and other related identifying circumstances;
and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) databank; and
 Perform such other functions as the President or the Secretary of Justice may
assign.

 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The present organizational structure of the NBI shall be reorganized into

the Office of the Director, Office of the Deputy Director for Administration,
Office of the Deputy Director for Operations, Offices of the Assistant Directors
for Investigation Service, Intelligence Service, Comptroller Service, Human
Resource and Management Service, Forensic and Scientific Research Service,
Legal Service, and Information and Communications Technology Service. Each
service shall be composed of the necessary divisions and sections.
  RESPONSIBILITIES
 Responsible for the efficient detection and investigation of crimes and other
offenses against the laws of the Philippines, upon its own initiative and as
public interest may require, rendering assistance, whenever properly requested
in the investigation or detection of crimes and other offenses; and coordinating
with other national and local police agencies in the maintenance of peace
and order.
 Responsible for handling and solving major high-profile cases that are in
the interest of the nation.
 Issuance of NBI clearance
 Gather and examine financial records, as well as conduct background
checks to find clues and useful information. They prepare reports on findings
to show their clients. They might send evidence to be analyzed through a
variety of laboratory test.

 RECRUITMENT PROCESS

For those who want to become NBI Agent or NBI Special Investigator, here are the
requirements and qualification:

NBI Agent Qualifications

 Must be a Filipino Citizen.

 Must have a good moral character and in excellent physical and mental health.
 Must be a Lawyer or Certified Public Accountant.
 Must have no pending criminal, civil or administrative charges and never
convicted of any crime.
 At least 5'5" in height for males; 5'3" for females.
 Between 25 and 35 years of age.
 With excellent vision within normal range.
 Must have no tattoo marks or pierced ears.

NBI Special Investigator Qualifications

 Must be a Filipino Citizen,

 Must have a good moral character and in excellent physical and mental health.
 Must be a bachelor’s degree holder.
 Must be a Professional civil service eligible or board passer.
 Must be a Lawyer or Certified Public Accountant
  With a general weighted average of 84% in the transcript of records, without any
failing grade.
 Must have no pending criminal, civil or administrative charges and never
convicted of any crime.
 At least 5'5" in height for males; 5'3" for females.
 Between 25 and 35 years of age.
 With excellent vision within normal range.
 Must have no tattoo marks or pierced ears.

Requirements

 Original and Photocopy of the following:

 Diploma
 Transcript of Records
 Eligibility (Civil Service Professional/Bar/Board)
 Birth Certificate
 Marriage Contract - if married
 Residence Certificate
 2 Pcs. 2X2 picture
 NBI Clearance
 Income Tax Return/W2 - if working
 Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth - if working

 TRAINING

The National Bureau of Investigation Academy is located in Baguio at the top of

Session Road right behind the NBI CAR (Cordillera Autonomous Region) compound.
It was first set up around 1996 or 1997 to serve as an institution for in calculating the
basic aspects of criminal investigation and other law enforcement matters to prospective
NBI Agents and Special Investigators. Due to the strict application procedures, there is
no set date when the NBI Academy opens. Training is an average of four months, and
includes such subjects as CQB training, arson investigation, murder
investigation, fraud investigation, etc.

 PROMOTION
 The NBI shall establish a Regional Office in every region to be headed by a
Regional Director and District Offices in every province to be headed by a Head
Agent. Field Offices may also be established and maintained by the Director as the
need arises.

The NBI personnel complement shall be increased and their positions upgraded,
as follows:

From Salary To Salary

Old Position Grade New Position Grade

Director VI SG 30 Director SG 30

Director V (Assistant SG 29 Deputy Director SG29

Director)

Director III (Deputy Director) SG 27 Assistant Director SG 28

Director II (Regional Director) SG 26 Regional Director SG 27

Director I (Assistant Regional SG 25 Assistant Regional SG 26

Director) Director

Investigation Agent VI SG 25 Head Agent SG 25

(Head Agent)

Investigation Agent SG 24 Supervising Agent SG 24

V (Supervising Agent)

Investigation Agent SG 23 Senior Agent SG 23

IV (Senior Agent)

Investigation Agent III SG22 Investigation Agent SG 22

III (Agent)

Investigation Agent II SG 20

Investigation Agent I SG 18

Special Investigator V SG 24

Special Investigator IV SG 22
 From Salary To Salary
Old Position Grade New Position Grade

Special Investigator III SG 18

The NBI shall be headed by a Director and assisted by two (2) Deputy Directors, one
for Administration and another for Operations, and an Assistant Director for each of
the following seven (7) Services: Investigation Service, Intelligence Service, Human
Resource and Management Service, Comptroller Service, Forensic and Scientific
Research Service, Legal Service, and Information and Communications Technology
Service.

The NBI Director shall be appointed by the President and shall have the rank,
salary, and benefits equivalent to that of an Undersecretary. No person shall be
appointed Director unless he or she is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines and a
member of the Philippine Bar who has been engaged in the practice of law for at least
fifteen (15) years, preferably from within the ranks of Directors.

The Assistant Regional Directors to Deputy Directors shall likewise be appointed by

the President of the Philippines, coming from the ranks of the NBI, upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of Justice.

No person shall be appointed Deputy Director or Regional Director unless he or she is

a citizen of the Philippines and a member of the Philippine Bar who has been
engaged in the practice of law for at least ten (10) years for the Deputy Director and
for at least five
(5)years for the Regional Director.

 RETIREMENT

House Bill Number 3284, Section 12

“Upon attaining sixty years of age with at least 15 years of continuous government
service, or upon accumulation of 30 years of satisfactory continuous service,
whichever is earlier, an NBI personnel shall be compulsorily retired and shall be
entitled to receive benefits provided by law. Monetary incentives/special
 allowances shall, for retirement purposes, be an integral part of a retiree's basic
salary.”

 BENEFITS

The NBI shall provide its personnel with the following

 Health care services through a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) for

its regular
 Accident insurance policies for all
 Trainings, scholarships, and seminars to deserving employees to upgrade
their knowledge and skills, on official time and at the expense of the
 Longevity pay, subject to guidelines that shall hereafter be issued by the NBI
Director in accordance with existing laws and regulations and subject further
to the approval of the DBM
 Hazard pay, subject to pertinent laws and rules; and
 Transportation benefits, subject to availability of funds; employees shall be
provided with contracted transportation services until such time that the
office can procure additional motor vehicles for this purpose

 DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
 POLICY ON NEPOTISM- In order to give immediate effect to these provisions,
cases of previous appointments, which are in contravention hereof, shall be
corrected by transfer and pending transfer, no promotion or salary increase shall
be allowed in favor of the relative or relatives who were appointed in violation
of these provisions. (Section 3)
 PENALTIES / ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS
 Violation of any of the provisions of this Code (NBI code of Conduct) shall
constitute a ground for administrative disciplinary action in accordance with
the
 existing NBI Internal Rules and Regulations, Civil Service Laws, and other
applicable laws.
 Appropriate criminal charges may also be filed against erring NBI officials or
employees with Courts and pertinent tribunals.

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)

KAWANIHAN NG PILIPINAS LABAN SA DROGA

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165

“AN ACT INSTITUTING THE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002, REPEALING
REPUBLICT ACT 6425, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 1972, AS
AMENDED, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PROPERTIES.”

WAS SIGNED ON JUNE 7, 2002 AND TOOK EFFECT ON JULY 4, 2007

 The enactment of RA 9165 reorganized the Philippine drug law enforcement

system. While the Dangerous Drug Board (DDB) remains as the policy-making
body. It created the PDEA under the Office of the President.

 The new law abolishes the National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention
Coordinating Center, Philippine National Police Narcotics Group (PNP Nargrp.),
National Bureau if Investigation Narcotics Units (NBI NU), and the Customs
Narcotics Interdiction Office (CNIO).

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)

 AHENSYA NG PILIPINAS SA PAGPAPATUPAD NG BATAS NG LABAN SA BAWAL

NA GAMOT

 Is a regular law enforcement and regulatory agency which is responsible for the
efficient and effective law enforcement of all provisions on any dangerous drug
and/or controlled pecursors and essential chemicals.

MANDATE :
PDEA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE EFFICIENT LAW ENFORCEMENT OF ALL PROVISIONS ON ANY
DANGEROUS DRUGS AND/OR PRECURSORS AND ESSENTIAL CHEMICALS.

FUNCTIONS

As the lead agency in the fight against illegal drugs, the law confers PDEA with
the following functions to attain its mission:

1. Implement or cause the efficient and effective implementation of the national

drug control strategy formulated by the Dangerous Drugs Board;

2. Undertake the enforcement of the provisions of Article II of RA 9165 relative to the

unlawful acts and penalties involving any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor
and essential chemicals;

3. Administer oath and issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum relative to
the conduct of investigation involving the violations of RA 9165;

4. Arrest and apprehend as well as search all violators and seize or confiscate the
effects or proceeds of the crimes as provided by law;

5. Take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors
and essential chemicals seized, confiscated or surrendered to any national, provincial
or local law enforcement agency;

6. Establish a forensic laboratory in each PNP office in every province and city in order
to facilitate action on seized or confiscated drugs, thereby hastening their destruction
without delay.

7. Recommend to the DOJ the forfeiture of properties and other assets of persons
and/or corporations found to be violating the provisions of RA 9165 and in accordance
with the pertinent provisions of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001;
8. Prepare for prosecution or cause the filing of appropriate criminal and civil cases for
violation of all laws on dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals,
and other similar controlled substances;

9. Monitor and if warranted by circumstances, in coordination with the Philippine Postal

Office and the Bureau of Customs, inspect all air cargo packages, parcels and mails in
the central post office;

10. Conduct eradication programs to destroy wild or illegally grown plants from
which dangerous drugs may be extracted;

11. Initiate and undertake the formation of a nationwide organization which shall
coordinate and supervise all activities against drug abuse in every province, city,
municipality and barangay;

12. Establish and maintain a national drug intelligence system in cooperation with law
enforcement agencies, other government agencies/offices and local government
units that will assist in the apprehension of big-time drug lords;

13. Establish and maintain close coordination, cooperation and linkages

with international drug control and administration agencies and
organizations;

14. Create and maintain an efficient special enforcement unit to conduct

an investigation, file charges and transmit evidence to the proper court;

15. Require all government and private hospitals, clinics, doctors, dentists and
other practitioners to submit a report to it;

16. Coordinate with the DDB for the facilitation of the issuance of necessary
guidelines, rules and regulations for the proper implementation of RA 9165;

17. Initiate and undertake a national campaign for drug prevention and control
programs, where it may enlist the assistance of any department, bureau, office, agency
or instrumentality of the government, including government-owned and/or controlled
corporations; and

18. Submit annual and periodic reports to the DDB as may be required from time to time
and perform such other functions as may be authorized or required under existing laws
and as directed by the President.

DIRECTOR GENERAL AARON N. AQUINO

- Director General of PDEA

 RESPONSIBILITIES

Preventing, investigating and combating any dangerous drugs, controlled

precursors and essential chemicals within the Philippines.
Implementing the National Drug Control Strategy

Coordinates the participation of all stakeholders in the anti-drug campaign.

Investigating, arresting and filing appropriate criminal and civil cases against
violators.

Confiscating, taking charge, taking custody of illegal drugs.

Enforcing provisions related to unlawful acts involving dangerous drugs.

RECRUITMENT PROCESS

Recruitment Qualifications

1. Must be a college graduate

2. Must be 21 to 35 years old

3. Must be at least 5'4" for men and 5'2" for women

4. Must have passed any of the following:

a. Bar Exam

b. Board Exam

c. Civil Service Professional Exam

5. Must be physically fit

6. Must be of good moral character

7. Must be computer literate

Qualified applicants are required to apply letter addressed to the PDEA Chief.

Application must be accompanied by the ff: documents

1. Two Sets of Personal Data Sheet, completely filled up

2. Transcript of Records (Original/ Authenticated)

3. Diploma (Original/ Authenticated)

4. CSC Eligibility/ PRC Board Rating

5. NSO Birth Certificate

6. Barangay Clearance

7. Police Clearance

8. NBI Clearance

9. Metropolitan Trial Court Clearance

10.Prosecutor’s Clearance

11.Regional Trial Court Clearance

12.Affidavit of Undertaking of Non-Pending Case

13.Drug Test Result (One-month prior to application)

Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency applicants are also required to undergo the
following process:

1. Neuro Psychological Test

2. 2. Medical Examination

3. 3. Agility Test

4. 4. Background Investigation

5. 5. Panel Interview

TRAINING PROCESS

BENEFITS

Magna Carta of Benefits for the officers and personnel of the Drug Enforcement
Agency (PDEA) to provide them acceptable living and working conditions,
better terms of employment and career opportunities to effectively carry out
their mandate.

Under HB 9016, the PDEA officers and personnel shall be entitled to receive the
following allowances aside from their basic salary standardization law.

-monthly 2,000 personnel economic relief allowance (PERA)

-5,000 for clothing allowances

 -1,500 uniform allowance (hazard pay equivalent to 30% of the basic
salary monthly; combat pay equivalent to 25% of basic monthly salary;
representation and transformation allowances; longevity pay.

-special counsel allowance ranging 1,250 to 4,000 per month

Under HB 9016 PDEA personnel officers shall receive 13th and 14th month
pay, and 5,000 cash gifts based on performance base-bonus.
The PDEA officers shall be entitled to anniversary bonus amounting of 3,000 and
another 3,000 for every five succeeding years.

The bill also provides that PDEA officers be entitled to subsistence allowance of
three meals in a day, while the administrative and technical personnel be
entitled to subsistence allowance of one meal.

Officers who are transferred from one assignment to another by PDEA policies on
reshuffling or rotation of personnel and do not own houses or other types of
residence shall be provided quarters within the office.

An annual medical and deal examination shall be provided to every

employee at the expense of PDEA.

DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM

Violators of the act shall be slapped with a file ranging from 20,000 and 40,000 or
imprisonment of not more than 1 year, or both at the discretion of the court.

Corrupt people in the agency affect the appreciation of the public and

discourage the much-needed support of stakeholders.

- in terms of community drug- related information fund support

-in terms of community anti-drug operations as its main program

- in terms of conducting of arrest high-impact operations

-the Philippine Anti-Drug Strategy as the blueprint of governments addressing

the country use problem

-the PDEA will lose the trust of the community in implementing their programs

against the use of drug as mandated by President Rodrigo Duterte for his

administration will earn negative outcome from the community.

(DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND
LOCAL GOVERNMENT)

K A G AWA R A N NG I N T E RYO R AT PA M A H A L A A N G
LOKAL
ROOTS OF DILG
Philippine Revolution of 1897
March 22, 1897- the Katipunan
Government established the first Department
of Interior at the Tejeros Convention.
April 17, 1897- President Aguinaldo
appointed General Pascual Alvarez as
Secretary of the Interior.
ROOTS OF DILG
Philippine Revolution of 1897
 November 1, 1897- The Department of Interior
was enshrined in the Biak-na-Bato
Constitution.
Article XV of the said Constitution
…defined the powers and functions of the Department
that included statistics, roads and bridges, agriculture,
public information and posts, and public order.
ROOTS OF DILG
1950- the Department was abolished and its
functions were transferred to the Office of
Local Government (later renamed Local
Government and Civil Affairs Office)
under the Office of the President.
ROOTS OF DILG
 On January 6, 1956- President Ramon
Magsaysay created the Presidential Assistant on
Community Development (PACD) to
implement the Philippine Community Development
Program that will coordinate and integrate on a
national scale the efforts of various governmental
and civic agencies to improve the living conditions
in the barrio residents nationwide and make them
self-reliant.
ROOTS OF DILG
 1972- Presidential Decree No. 1 created
the Department of Local Government and
Community Development (DLGCD) through
Letter of Implementation No. 7 on
November 1, 1972
ROOTS OF DILG
 1982- DLGCD was reorganized and
renamed Ministry of Local Government
(MLG) by virtue of Executive Order No. 777
ROOTS OF DILG
 1987- it was further reorganized and this
time, renamed Department of Local
Government (DLG) by virtue of Executive
Order No. 262.
ROOTS OF DILG
 December 13, 1990- the DLG underwent
reorganization into what is now known as the
Department of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG) by virtue of
Republic Act No. 6975
RA 6975
 created the Philippine National Police (PNP)
out of the Philippine Constabulary-Integrated
National Police (PC-INP)
Bureau of Fire Protection, Bureau of
Jail Management and Penology, and
Philippine Public Safety College
National Police Commission,
was integrated under the new DILG
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS
• Assist the President in the exercise of
general supervision over local governments;
• Advise the President in the promulgation of
policies, rules, regulations and other issuances
on the general supervision over local
governments and on public order and safety;
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS
• Establish and prescribe rules, regulations and
other issuances implementing laws on public
order and safety, the general supervision over
local governments and the promotion of local
autonomy and community empowerment and
monitor compliance thereof;
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS
• Provide assistance towards legislation
regarding local governments, law enforcement
and public safety;
• Establish and prescribe plans, policies, programs
and projects to promote peace and order,
ensure public safety and further strengthen
the administrative, technical and fiscal
capabilities of local government offices and
personnel;
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS
• Formulate plans, policies and programs which
will meet local emergencies arising from
natural and man-made disasters;
• Establish a system of coordination and
cooperation among the citizenry, local
executives and the Department, to ensure
effective and efficient delivery of basic services
to the public;
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS
• Organize, train and equip primarily for the
performance of police functions, a police force
that is national in scope and civilian in
character.
SECRETARY
• HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
• EX-OFFICIO CHAIRMAN OF
NAPOLCOM and shall be appointed
by PRESIDENT subject to the
confirmation of COMMISSION ON
APPOINTMENT
PPSC
• Mandatedto provide training and
education needs to uniformed
members of the PNP, BJMP, AND
BFP
PPSC
NATIONAL
NATIONAL POLICE NATIONAL
FORENSIC
TRAINING JAIL
SCIENCE TRAINING
INSTITUTE TRAINING
INSTITUTE
INSTITUTE

NATIONAL FIRE PHILIPPINE

NATIONAL POLICE
TRAINING NATIONAL POLICE
COLLEGE
INSTITUTE ACADEMY
NATIONAL FORENSIC SCIENCE TRAINING
INSTITUTE

• Offers technical courses for the

police, fire, jail services like Criminal
Investigation and Detection Course,
Dactyloscopy, etc..
NATIONAL JAIL TRAINING INSTITUTE

• Provides training and jail education for

Jail- Non-commissioned Officers
NATIONAL POLICE COLLEGE

• Caters for the education and training of

commissioned officers of the police, fire, and
jail services
NATIONAL FIRE TRAINING INSTITUTE

• Provides training an education for

Fire Non-commissioned Officers
NATIONAL POLICE TRAINING INSTITUTE
• Consists of Regional Training Schools for the Police
in every region in our country.
• Caters for the training and education of Police Non-
Commissioned Officers
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
ACADEMY
• Caters for the cadetship program where graduates are
conferred the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Public Safety and automatically given the ranks of
Inspectors(Police Lieutenant)
RA 11279- “AN ACT TRASFERRING THE
PNPA AND NPTI FROM PPSC TO PNP”
• "To better achieve the goals of a highly efficient and
competent police force, the Philippine National Police
shall have administrative and operational supervision
and control over the Philippine National Police
Academy.. and the National Police Training Institute," RA
11279 states
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION

• Agencyattached to the DILG for

policy and program coordination
RA 6975
• It provides for the creation of the Philippine
National Police and declared it to be the only
police force in the country which is national
in scope and civilian in character.
RA 8551
•PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998
•AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
UNDER A RE-ORGANIZED
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES"