SYLLABUS

UNT ICONDUGTIVITY OF MATERLALS Hrs.CHrs 10,TotalMarks 18)

1.1 Factors affecting the resistivity of electrical materials. The electron gas model of a metal. Motion of
electron in electric field. Electron mobility. Energy levels of materials.
1.2 Emission of electrons from metals. Modes of emission: Thermionic emission, Photoelectric emission,
Field emission,
Secondary emission Concept, materials and applications.
1.3 Effect of temperature on conductivity of metals. Superconductivity. Electrical and Thermal conductivity
of metals.
14 Thermoelectric effect Concept, materials and applications.
UNIT IRDIELECTRI MATERIALS (Hrs 10,Total Marks16)
2.1 Effect of dielectric on the behaviour of capacitor. Frequency dependence of electronic polarisability.
Frequency dependence of permittivity.
2.2 Dielectric losses, Dielectric properties of polymeric system
2.3 Insulating materials: Breakdown in gaseous, liquid and solid dielectric materials, Requirements of good
insulating materials.
2.4 Materials: Properties and applications - Mica, Porcelain, Polythene, Bakelite, Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC),
Rubber, Cotton and Silk, Glass, Paper and Boards, Wood, Enamel covering, Transformer oil, Polymers.

2.5 Ferroelectricity and Piezoelectricity-Conceptand applications.

DNIT-11 MAGNEICPROPERTIES OFEMATERIALS AHs10, TotalMarks 16)
3.1 Classification of magnetic materials, Permanent magnetic dipole, Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism,
Ferromagnetism, Ferromagnetic domain.
3.2 Magnetisation curve, Hysteresis loop, Magnetostriction effect: Applications for ultrasonic generation
permeability and affecting factors.
3.3 Magnetic materials: Iron and Silicon-Iron, alloy, Nickel-ron alloy.
3.4 Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism.
UNIT-V SEMICONDUGTOR MATERIALS Ars 10 Total Marks 12
4.1 Energy bands of solids
4.2 Types of semicgnductors, Intrinsic semiconductor, Impurity type semiconductor
4.3 Diffusion, Hall effect, Thermal and Electrical conductivity of semiconductor
4.4 Materials for fabrication ofsemiconductor devices Passive materials and process materials, substrate,
metals, capacitance material, junction coating, device pooting, packaging.

UNTEVE MICROELECTRONIccoMPONENTSAND SPECIALMATERIALS

5.1 Photoemissive materials, Electroluminescence and Junction LASERS
Hrs 08, TotalMarks08)
5.2 Photovoltaic materials and Photo-voltaic cell
5.3 Nanomaterials
5.4 Materials for flexible and wearable antennas
5.5 Biofuels
5.6 Micro-motors, Micro-relays and Micro-switches
 CONTENTS
uNII I cONDUGEVIY OF MATERIALS
Introduction 11
1.1 Resistors
1.3
1.1.1 Concept 1.3
1.1.2 Foctors Affecting Resistivity of Electrical Materials 1.4
1.1.3 The Electron Gas Model of Metal
a 1.5
1.1.4 Symbol
1.6
1.1.5 Definitions of Important Terms 1.6
1.1.6 Motion of Electrons in an Electric Field 1.7
1.1.7 Electric Current and Conventional Current Flow
1.7
1.1.8 Difference Between Electric
Charge and Electric Current 1.8
1.1.9 Electron Mobility
1.8
1.1.10 Energy Levels of a Material 1.9
1.1.10.1 Energy Levels 1.9
1.1.10.2 Energy Level Diagram 1.9
1.2 Emission of Electrons from Metals 1.9
1.2.1 Definition 1.9
1.2.2 Work Function of a Metal 1.9
1.2.3 Types of Electron Emission 1.10
1.2.4 Thermionic Emission ,1.10
1.2.5 High Field Emission 1.10

1.2.6 Secondary Emission 1.11

1.2.7 Photoelectric Emission 1.11
1.3 Effect of Temperature on Electrical Conductivity of Metals 1.12
1.3.1 Thermal Conductivity 1.13
1.3.2 Superconductivity 1.14
1.4 Thermoelectric Effect 1.14
1.4.1 Concept 1.14
1.4.2 Statement 1.15

1.4.3 Materials for Thermocouples 1.15

Practice Questions 1.15

UNIT-IA DIELECTRIC MATERIALS H E21- 214

Introduction 2.1
2.1 Effect of Dielectric on the Behavior of a Capacitor 2.3
2.1.1 Frequency Dependence of Electronic Polarisability 2.4
2.1.2 Frequency Dependence of Permittivity 2.4

2.1.3 Frequency Dependence of Polarisability 2.5

2.2 Dielectric Losses 2.6
2.2.1 Dielectric Properties of Polymeric System 2.6
2.6
2.2.2 Dielectric Materials Used in Copacitors
2.3 Insulating Materials 2.6
2.3.1 Breakdown in Gaseous Dielectric Materials 2.6
2.3.2 Breakdown in 2.6
Liquid Dielectric Materials
2.3.3 Breakdown in Solid Dielectric Materials 2.7
2.3.4 Requirements of Good Insulating Materials 2.7
2.3.4.1 Requirements 2.7
2.3.4.2 2.8
Types
2.3.4.3 Gaseous Dielectric Materials 2.8
2.8
2.3.4.4 Liquid Dielectric Materials
2.8
2.3.4.5 Fibrous Dielectric Materials
2.3.4.6 Mineral Dielectric Materials
2.8
2.8
2.3.4.7 Plastic Dielectric Materials
2.8
2.3.4.8 Rubber Dielectric Materials
2.8
2.3.4.9 Glass Dielectric Materials
2.8
2.3.4.10 Ceramic Dielectric Materials
2.3.4.11 Other Dielectric Materials 2.8
2.3.4.12 Classes of Dielectric Materials 2.8
2.3.4.13 Important Parameters
2.9
2.9
2.4 Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials
2.9
2.4.1 Mica
2.9
2.4.2 Ceramic
2.10
2.4.3 Porcelain
2.10
2.4.4 Polyethylene
2.10
2.4.5 Bakelite
Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) 2.10
2.4.6
2.11
2.4.7 Rubber
2.11
2.4.8 Cotton
2.11
2.4.9 Silk
2.11
2.4.10 Gláss
2.12
2.4.11 Paper
2.4.12 Poper and Boards 2.12

2.4.13 Wood
2.12
2.12
2.4.14 Enamel
2.4.15 Tronsformer Oils 2.12
2.13
2.4.16 Polymers
 2.5 Ferroelectricity and Piezoelectricity 2.13
2.5.1 Ferroelectricity
2.13
2.5.1.1 Concept
2.13
2.5.1.2 Materials 2.14
2.5.1.3 Applications
2.14
2.5.2 Piezoelectricity
2.14
2.5.2.1 Concept
2.14
2.5.2.2 Statement
2.14
2.5.2.3 Examples of Crystal 2.14
2.5.2.4 Applications 2.14
Practice GQuestions
2.14
UNIT-11AMAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERTALS 3.1 3.14
Introduction
3.1
3.1 Classification of Magnetic Materials
3.2
3.1.1 (a)
Diamagnetic Materials 3.2
3.1.1 (b)
Paramagnetic Materials 3.3
3.1.1 (c) Ferromagnetic Materials 3.3
3.1.1 (d) Antiferromagnetic Materials 3.5
3.1.1 (e) Ferrimagnetic Materials 3.5
3.1.2 Permanent Magnetic Dipoles
3.5
3.1.3 Diamagnetism 3.6
3.1.4 Paramagnetism 3.6
3.1.5 Ferromagnetism 3.7
3.1.6 Ferromagnetic Domain 3.7
3.2 Magnetization Curve
3.8
3.2.1 B-H Curve or Hysteresis Loop 3.8
3.2.2 Hysteresis Loop 3.9
3.2.3 Magnetostriction Effect 3.10
3.2.4 Permeability and Factors Affecting Permeability 3.10
3.3 Magnetic Materials
3.12
3.3.1 Iron and Silicon-Iron Alloy 3.12
3.3.2 Nickel-Iron Alloy 3.12
3.4 Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism 3.12
3.4.1 Antiferromagnetism 3.12
3.4.2 Ferrimagnetism 3.13
Important Terms 3.13

Practice Questions 3.14

 A14:10
UNIT SEMICONDUGTOR MATERIALS 4.1
4.1 Energy Bands of Solids
4.3
4.2 Semiconductor Fundamentals
4.3
4.2.1 Definition
4.3
4.2.2 Types of Semiconductors
4.2.3 Intrinsic Semiconductor
4.4
4.2.4 Impurity Type Semiconductor 4.4
4.2.5 Types of Impurity Elements
4.5
4.2.6 Diffusion (Current) in a Semiconductor 4.5

4.3 Hall Effect 4.5

4.3.1 Introduction 4.5

4.3.2 Statement 4.5

4.3.3 Explanation 4.5

4.3.4 Application 4.6
4.3.5 Applications of Hall Effect 4.6
4.3.6 Materials for Hall Device 4.6

4.3.7 Conductivity of Semiconductor 4.7

4.3.7.1 Electrical Conductivity 4.7

4.3.7.2 Thermal Conductivity .7

4.4 Materials for Fabrication of Semiconductor Devices 4.7

4.4.1 Introduction 4.7
4.4.2 Passive Materials Integral to Device 4.8
Practice Questions 4.9

UNIT-V MICROFLECTRONICCOMPONENTSAND SPECIALMATERIALS 51-5.12

5.1 Introduction 5.2
5.2 Photo-emissive Materials 5.2
5.3 Photo-electroluminescence Materials 5.2
5.4 Junction LASER 5.3
5.5 Photo-Voltaic CelI 5.4
5.5.1 Definition 5.4
5.5.2 Photo-voltaic Effect 5.4
5.5.3 Concept 5.4
5.5.4 Constructional Structure 5.4
5.5.5 Working Principle 5.5
5.5.6 Disadvantages 5.6
5.5.7 Applications 5.6
5.5.8 Photo-Voltaic Materials 5.6
 5.6 Nanomaterials
5.6.1 Definition 5.6
5.6
5.6.2 Types 5.6
5.6.3 Applications
5.7 Material for Flexible and Wearable 5.6
5.7.1 Introduction Antennas 5.6
5.6
5.7.2 Types
5.7
5.7.2.1 Conventional Wearable Antenna 5.7
5.7.2.2 Textile Antenna Design
5.7.3
5.7
Designing Wearable Antenna 5.7
5.8 Biofuel
5.8
5.8.1 Introduction
5.8.2 Generations 5.8
5.8.3 5.8
Types of Biofuels
5.9 Micro-motor 5.9
5.9
5.9.1 Definition
5.9
5.9.2 Morphology and Propulsion Mechanism 5.9
5.9.3 Applications
5.10
5.9.4
Photocatalytic Degration Mechanism 5.10
5.10 Micro Relays
5.10
5.10.1 Salient Features
5.10
5.10.2 Applications
5.11
5.10.3 Specificationss
5.11
5.10.4 ISO Ultra Micro
Relay with Resistor 12 V dc, 20 Amp 5.11
5.11 Micro Switches
5.11
5.11.1 History
5.11
5.11.2 Definition
5.11
5.11.3 Construction and Operation
5.11
5.11.4 Applications
5.12
Practice Questions
5.12
APPENDICES 2a s 2 A1-A4
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