MCQS Biochemistry II

CHAPTER 13
Bioenergetic and thermodynamics

1. If enthalpy change for a reaction is zero, then ∆G° equals to _____________

a) -T∆S°
b) T∆S°
c) -∆H°
d) lnkeq
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: From the equation, ∆G° = ∆H°-T∆S°
If ∆H° = 0 then ∆G° = -T∆S°.

2.∆G° is defined as the ____________

aResidual energy present in the reactants at equilibrium
b)Residual energy present in the products at equilibrium
c)Difference in the residual energy of reactants and products at equilibrium
d)Energy required in converting one mole of reactants to one mole of products
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: ∆G° is defined as the energy required in converting one mole of
reactants to one mole of products.

3. For a reaction if ∆G° is positive, then ____________

a)The products will be favored
b)The reactants will be favored
c)The concentration of the reactants and products will be equal
d)All of the reactant will be converted to products
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: If ∆G° is negative, products are favored.

4. Unfolding of regular secondary protein structure causes ____________

a) Large decrease in the entropy of the protein
b) Little increase in the entropy of protein
c) No change in the entropy of the protein
d) Large increase in the entropy of the protein
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Entropy increases on a larger scale when unfolding of secondary
protein structure takes place.
5. The study of energy relationships and conversions in biological systems is
called as ____________
a) Biophysics
b) Biotechnology
c) Bioenergetics
d) Microbiology
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Bioenergetics is the study of energy relationships and conversions in
biological systems.

6.The relationship between K‘eq and ∆G‘° is?

a) ∆G‘° =RTlnK‘eq
b) ∆G‘° =-RTK‘eq
c) ∆G‘° =RK‘eq
d) ∆G‘° =-RK‘eq
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: If the system is in equilibrium ∆G° = 0 and ∆G‘° = -RTK‘eq is the correct
relation between K‘eq and ∆G‘°.

7.What does first law of thermodynamics state?

a)Energy can neither be destroyed nor created
b)Energy cannot be 100 percent efficiently transformed from one type to another
c)All living organisms are composed of cells
d) Input of heat energy increases the rate of movement of atoms and molecules
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: First law of thermodynamics can also be termed as law of conservation
of energy which states that energy can neither be destroyed nor created but can be
transformed from one form of energy to another.

8. If ∆G‘° of the reaction A → B is -40kJ/mol under standard conditions then the

reaction ____________
a) Will never reach equilibrium
b) Will not occur spontaneously
c) Will proceed at a rapid rate
d) Will proceed from left to right spontaneously
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: If ∆G‘° < 0, reaction proceeds from left to right that means products are
favored.
9. What is the relationship between ∆G and ∆G‘°?
a) ∆G=∆G‘° +RTln([products]/[reactants])
b) ∆G=∆G‘° –RTln([products]/[reactants])
c) ∆G=∆G‘° +RTln([reactants]/[products])
d) ∆G=∆G‘° –RTln([reactants]/[products])
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: ∆G = ∆G‘° + RTln([products]/[reactants] ) is the correct relation between
∆G and ∆G‘°.

10. Which of the following statements is false?

a) The reaction tends to go in the forward direction if ∆G is large and positive
b) The reaction tends to move in the backward direction if ∆G is large and negative
c)The system is at equilibrium if ∆G = 0
d) The reaction tends to move in the backward direction if ∆G is large and positive
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The reaction tends to move in the backward direction if ∆G is large and
negative.

“Phosphoryl Group Transfers and ATP”

1. Anabolism and catabolism are chemically linked in the form of __________

a) ADP
b) ATP
c) Phosphodiester linkage
d) ASP
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Anabolism is an energy intake process where small molecules build
upto large molecules whereas catabolism involves the release of energy where large
molecules tear down to smaller molecules.

2. Which of the following statements is false about ATP hydrolysis?

a) It is highly exergonic
b) Activation energy is relatively high
c) ∆G =-30.5kJ/mol
‘°

d) ∆G‘°=30.5kJ/mol
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: ∆G‘° should be negative for an exergonic process.
3. An endergonic reaction ____________
a) Proceeds spontaneously
b) Does not require activation energy
c) Releases energy
d) Requires energy
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Endergonic reaction involves intake of energy.

4. An exergonic reaction ____________

a) Proceeds spontaneously
b) Does not require activation energy
c) Releases energy
d) Requires energy
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Exergonic reaction involves release of energy.

5. Phosphoryl groups are derivatives of ____________

a) Phosphorousacid
b) Phosphoric acid
c) Acetic acid
d) Citric acid
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Phosphoryl groups are derivatives of phosphoric acid.

6. Water does a nucleophilic attack on phosphate monoester by producing

____________
a) Phosphorous chloride
b) Phosphorous sulfide
c) Inorganic phosphate
d) Organic phosphate
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Inorganic phosphate is produced when a nucleophilic attack is done by
water on phosphate monoester.

7. The phosphate groups used during glycolysis are ____________

a) Organic
b) Inorganic
c) Neutral
d) None
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Phosphorous can only be produced from inorganic phosphate.
8. Which of the following is false about acetyl-coA?
a) It is a thioester
b) It has a large, negative standard free energy of hydrolysis
c) It contains phosphorous atom in the position occupied by an oxygen atom in
oxygen esters
d) It contains a sulfur atom in the position occupied by an oxygen tom in oxygen
esters
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Acetyl-coA is a thioester containing phosphorous atom in the position
occupied by an oxygen atom in oxygen esters.

9. Which is an example of chemical to osmotic energy conversion that occurs

in living organisms?
a) ATP-driven muscle contraction
b) ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies
c) light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts
d) ATP-driven active transport across a membrane
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: ATP-driven muscle contraction is an example for chemical to
mechanical energy conversion.
ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies is an example for chemical to
electromagnetic energy conversion.
Light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts is an example for electromagnetic to
electrical energy conversion.

10. Which is an example of chemical to electromagnetic energy conversion

that occurs in living organisms?
a) ATP-driven muscle contraction
b) ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies
c) light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts
d) ATP-driven active transport across a membrane
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: ATP-driven muscle contraction is an example for chemical to
mechanical energy conversion.
Light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts is an example for electromagnetic to
electrical energy conversion.
ATP-driven active transport across a membrane is an example for chemical to
osmotic energy conversion.
11. Which is an example of chemical to mechanical energy conversion that
occurs in living organisms?
a) ATP-driven muscle contraction
b) ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies
c) light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts
d) ATP-driven active transport across a membrane
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies is an example for chemical
to electromagnetic energy conversion.
Light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts is an example for electromagnetic to
electrical energy conversion.
ATP-driven active transport across a membrane is an example for chemical to
osmotic energy conversion.

12. Which is an example of electromagnetic to electrical energy conversion

that occurs in living organisms?
a) ATP-driven muscle contraction
b) ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies
c) light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts
d) ATP-driven active transport across a membrane
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: ATP-driven muscle contraction is an example for chemical to
mechanical energy conversion.
ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies is an example for chemical to
electromagnetic energy conversion.
ATP-driven active transport across a membrane is an example for chemical to
osmotic energy conversion.

“Biological Oxidation-Reduction Reactions”

1. Which of the following statements about redox potential is false?

a) NADH/NAD+ redox pair has the least redox potential
b) Oxygen/H2O redox pair has the highest redox potential
c) The components of the electron transport chain are organized in terms of their
redox potential
d) The redox potential of a system is usually compared with the potential of the
hydrogen electrode
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: NAD+/NADH redox pair has the least redox potential.
2. Which out of the following is not a flavoprotein?
a) Succinate dehydrogenase
b) Cytochrome c
c) Xanthine oxidase
d) NADH dehydrogenase-Qreductase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Cytochrome c is not a flavoprotein. Flavoproteins involve in oxidation
reactions where loss of electrons takes place but cytochrome c accepts electrons.

3. Which out of the following has the highest redox potential?

a) NAD
b) FMN
c) FAD
d) O2
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: O2 has the highest redox potential.

4. Which one out of the following is not a NAD + requiring enzyme?

a) Lactate dehydrogenase
b) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
c) Maltate dehydrogenase
d) Acylco-A dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Acyl co-A dehydrogenase is not a NAD + requiring enzyme.

5. Which of the following enzyme catalyses the direct transfer and

incorporation of O2 into a substrate molecule is
a) Reductase
b) Oxidase
c) Oxygenase
d) Peroxidase
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Oxygenase catalyses the direct transfer and incorporation of O 2 into a
substrate molecule.

6. Which of the following statements is incorrect about oxidase?

a) They catalyze reactions involving hydrogen peroxide
b) They catalyze reaction using O2 as a hydrogen acceptor
c) They catalyze reactions using niacin as a coenzyme
d) They catalyze reactions of direct incorporation of O 2 into the substrate
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: They catalyze reactions involving hydrogen peroxide, reactions using
niacin as coenzyme and reactions of direct incorporation of O 2 into the substrate.

7. Loss of electrons can be termed as ______________

a) Metabolism
b) Anabolism
c) Oxidation
d) Reduction
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Only oxidation involves loss of electrons.

8. Gain of electrons can be termed as ___________

a) Metabolism
b) Anabolism
c) Oxidation
d) Reduction
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Only reduction involves the gain of electrons.

9. Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the first step in the catabolism of
ethanol?
a) Alcohol dehydrogenase
b) Lactate dehydrogenase
c) Glutamate dehydrogenase
d) Malate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the first step in the catabolism of
ethanol.

10. Which out of the following enzymes can utilize both NAD + and NADP+ as a
coenzyme?
a) Glutamate dehydrogenase
b) Alcohol dehydrogenase
c) Aldehyde dehydrogenase
d) Glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Only Glutamate dehydrogenase can utilize both NAD + and NADP+ as a
coenzyme.
 CHAPTER 14

“Glycolysis”

1. Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the first step of glycolysis?

a) Hexokinase
b) Pyruvate kinase
c) Glucokinase
d) Phosphofructokinase-1
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The first of glycolysis is irreversible under intracellular conditions and is
catalyzed by hexokinase.

2. What is the general term used for the anaerobic degradation of glucose to
obtain energy?
a) Anabolism
b) Oxidation
c) Fermentation
d) Metabolism
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Fermentation is the general term used for the degradation of glucose
to obtain energy in the form of ATP.

3. Whenever the cell’s ATP supply is depleted, which of the following enzyme’s
activity is increased?
a) Hexokinase
b) Pyruvate kinase
c) Glucokinase
d) Phosphofructokinase-1
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Phosphofructokinase-1 is a regulatory enzyme; it is the major point of
regulation in glycolysis. Its activity is increased whenever the cell’s ATP supply is
depleted.
4. Cleavage of Fructose 1, 6-biophosphate yields ___________
a) Two aldoses
b) Two ketoses
c) An aldose and a ketose
d) Only a ketose
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Fructose 1, 6-biophosphate is cleaved to yield glyceraldehyde 3-
phosphate, an aldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a ketose.

5. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is rapidly and reversibly converted to

___________
a) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
b) 1,3-bis-phosphoglycerate
c) Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
d) Fructose 6-phosphate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is rapidly and reversibly converted to
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate by triose phosphate isomerase.

6. What is the first step in the payoff phase of glycolysis?

a) Reduction of 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
b) Oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate
c) Reversible conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-
phosphate
d) Irreversible conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-
phosphate
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the first step in
the payoff phase, oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1, 3-
bisphosphoglycerate.

7. Which substrate is used in the last step of glycolysis?

a) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
b) Pyruvate
c) Phosphoenolpyruvate
d) 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: The last step in glycolysis is the transfer of phosphoryl group from
phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP catalyzed by pyruvate kinase.
8. High concentration of glucose 6-phosphate is inhibitory to ___________
a) Hexokinase
b) Pyruvate kinase
c) Glucokinase
d) Phosphofructokinase-1
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Hexokinase catalyzes the reaction involving conversion of glucose to
glucose 6-phosphate.

9. The product formed in the first substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis

is ___________
a) Pyruvate
b) 3-phosphoglycerate
c) 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
d) 2-phosphoglycerate
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Phosphoglycerate kinase transfers phosphoryl group from 1, 3-
bisphosphoglycerate to ADP forming ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate.

10. Glycolysis converts ___________

a) Glucose into pyruvate
b) Glucose into phosphoenolpyruvate
c) Fructose into pyruvate
d) Fructose into phosphoenolpyruvate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate

“Feeder Pathways for Glycolysis”

1. The deficiency of which of the following enzyme leads to galactosemia?

a) Galactokinase
b) Pyruvate kinase
c) PFK-1
d) PFK-2
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: In galactokinase deficiency galactosemia, high galactose concentrations
are found in blood and urine.
2. The conversion of which of the following involves two nucleotide
derivatives?
a) Galactose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate
b) Galactose 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate
c) Fructose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate
d) Lactose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The conversion of galactose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate
involves two nucleotide derivatives: UDP-galactose and UDP-glucose.

3. Which of the following enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose

1-phosphateto glucose 6-phosphate?
a) Glycogen phosphorylase
b) Isomerase
c) Phosphoglucomutase
d) Epimerase
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Phosphoglucomutase converts the glucose 1-phosphate to glucose 6-
phosphate, which can enter glycolysis.

4. Which product is formed in the isomerization of mannose 6-phosphate?

a) Fructose 6-phosphate
b) Glucose 6-phosphate
c) 2-phosphoglycerate
d) 3-phosphoglycerate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Mannose 6-phosphate is isomerized by phosphomannose isomerase
to yield fructose 6-phosphate.

5. Which of the following enzyme is present in saliva?

a) Hexokinase
b) Alpha amylase
c) Fructokinase
d) Triose kinase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary alpha amylase
hydrolyses starch to sucrose.
6. Which of the following conversions is not catalyzed by hexokinase?
a) D-Glucose to glucose 6-phosphate
b) D-Fructose to fructose 6-phosphate
c) D-Mannose to mannose 6-phosphate
d) D-Fructose to fructose 1-phosphate
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Conversion of D-Fructose to fructose 1-phosphate is catalyzed by
fructokinase.

7. Hydrolysis of lactose yields ___________

a) D-galactose and D-glucose
b) D-glucose and D-glucose
c) D-galactose and D-fructose
d) D-fructose and D-glucose
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Hydrolysis of lactose yields D-galactose and D-glucose.

8. Hydrolysis of sucrose yields ___________

a) D-galactose and D-glucose
b) D-glucose and D-glucose
c) D-galactose and D-fructose
d) D-fructose and D-glucose
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Hydrolysis of sucrose yields D-fructose and D-glucose.

9. Maltose hydrolysis yields ___________

a) D-galactose and D-glucose
b) 2-D-glucose
c) n-D-glucose
d) 2-D-fructose
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Maltose hydrolysis yields 2-D-glucose.

10. Dextrin hydrolysis yields ___________

a) D-galactose and D-glucose
b) 2-D-glucose
c) n-D-glucose
d) 2-D-fructose
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Dextrin hydrolysis yields n-D-glucose.
 “Fates of Pyruvate under Anaerobic Conditions: Fermentation”.

1. Which of the following is true about the enzyme producing NADH from a
triose phosphate in the glycolytic pathway?
a) It produces 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate and NADH
b) It catalyzes irreversible reaction
c) It uses NAD  and
+
dihydroxyacetone phosphate as substrates
d) It uses FADH2 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Triose phosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized to 1, 3-
biphosphoglycerate in the presence of dehydrogenase enzyme.

2. Which is the major factor(s) determining whether glucose is oxidized by

aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis?
a) Ca +2

b) FADH2
c) NADH and the ATP/ADP ratio
d) Presence of high AMP
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: NADH and the ATP/ADP ratio are the major factors determining
whether glucose is oxidized by aerobic or by anaerobic glycolysis.

3. When glucose is converted to lactate by anaerobic glycolysis, equivalent

number of ATPs derived is?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: 2 ATP molecules are released when glucose is converted to lactate by
anaerobic glycolysis.

4. When one molecule of glucose is oxidized to two molecules of lactate during

anaerobic glycolysis, which of the following statements is false?
a) Glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase reaction produces 2 ATP molecules
b) Lactate dehydrogenase reaction produces no ATP
c) Pyruvate kinase reaction produces 2 ATP molecules
d) Phosphofructokinase-1 reaction uses 1 ATP molecule
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: When one molecule of glucose is oxidized to two molecules of lactate
during anaerobic glycolysis, Glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase reaction does not
produce 2 ATP molecules.

5. In the reduction of pyruvate to lactate, which of the following is

regenerated?
a) H+
b) NADH
c) NAD+
d) Na+
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: NAD+ is regenerated from NADH by the reduction of pyruvate to
lactate.

6. For its activity, pyruvate decarboxylase requires ______________

a) Mg+2
b) Ca+2
c) Na+
d) H+
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Pyruvate decarboxylase requires Mg +2 in the conversion of pyruvate to
acetaldehyde.

7. TPP (thiamine pyrophosphate) is derived from ____________

a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B1
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin B2
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: TPP is a coenzyme derived from vitamin B1 (thiamine).

8. What are the end products in ethanol fermentation?

a) Ethanol and CO2
b) Ethanol and O2
c) Ethanol, H2 and CO2
d) Ethanol, O2 and CO2
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Overall equation of ethanol fermentation:
Glucose +2ADP + 2Pi → 2 ethanol + 2CO2 + 2ATP + 2H2O.
9. Which enzyme is involved in the pathway of ethanol fermentation?
a) Hexokinase
b) Pyruvate decarboxylase
c) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
d) Pyruvate kinase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Decarboxylation of pyruvate is catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase.

10. Which enzyme is involved in the pathway of synthesis of acetyl-coA?

a) Hexokinase
b) Pyruvate decarboxylase
c) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
d) Pyruvate kinase
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: In the synthesis of acetyl-coA, pyruvate dehydrogenase is involved.

“Gluconeogenesis”

1. Which of the following is not an important precursor of glucose in animals?

a) Lactate
b) Pyruvate
c) Glycerol
d) Glucose 6-phosphate
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The important precursors of glucose in animals are three-carbon
compounds such as lactate, pyruvate and glycerol as well as certain amino acids.

2. Which of the following statements is false about gluconeogenesis?

a) From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, fatty acids can be used as a carbon source
b) From red blood cells, lactate can be used as a carbon source
c) From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, glycerol is converted to glucose in
gluconeogenesis
d) From muscle vigorous muscle activity, lactate can be used as a carbon source
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: From the hydrolysis of tri-acyl-glycerol, fatty acids cannot be used as a
carbon source.
3. Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate?
a) Pyruvate carboxylase
b) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
c) Pyruvate kinase
d) Phosphofructokinase-1
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Pyruvate carboxylase requires the coenzyme biotin to convert pyruvate
to oxaloacetate.

4. Oxaloacetate is reduced to malate by ____________

a) Pyruvate carboxylase
b) Malate dehydrogenase
c) Pyruvate kinase
d) Phosphofructokinase-1
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Oxaloacetate formed from pyruvate is reduced to malate by malate
dehydrogenase.

5. Gluconeogenesis involves the conversion of ____________

a) Glucose to pyruvate
b) Pyruvate to glucose
c) Phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose
d) Pyruvate to fructose
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Gluconeogenesis is the process of conversion of pyruvate to glucose
whereas glycolysis is the process of conversion of glucose to pyruvate.

6. Which of the following organisms cannot convert acetyl-coA derived from

fatty acids into glucose?
a) Animals
b) Plants
c) Bacteria
d) Virus
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Animals cannot convert acetyl-coA derived from fatty acids into
glucose; plants and microorganisms can.
7. Formation of one molecule of glucose from pyruvate requires ____________
a) 4 ATP, 2 GTP and 2 NADH
b) 3 ATP, 2 GTP and 2 NADH
c) 4 ATP, 1 GTP and 2 NADH
d) 2 ATP, 2 GTP and 2 NADH
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Formation of one molecule of glucose from pyruvate requires 4 ATP, 2
GTP and 2 NADH.

8. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde in the liver cytoplasm by ____________

a) Alcohol dehydrogenase
b) Alcohol carboxylase
c) Pyruvate carboxylase
d) Pyruvate kinase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde in the liver cytoplasm by alcohol
dehydrogenase which is the converted to acetate.

9. What is the main source of glucose carbons for gluconeogenesis?

a) Guanine
b) Alanine
c) Cysteine
d) Threonine
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: The main source of glucose carbons for gluconeogenesis is alanine
derived from the breakdown of muscle proteins.

10. Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is correct?

a) Pyruvate is first converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxykinase
b) Fructose 1, 6-biphosphatase converts fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate into fructose 1-
phosphate
c) Glucose 6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate to release glucose into
the blood
d) Glucose 6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate and is found in liver and
muscle
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Glucose 6-phosphate is hydrolyzed by glucose 6-phosphatase to
release glucose into blood.
 “Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Glucose Oxidation”.

1. In the pentose phosphate pathway, the major products are ____________

a) Ribulose and NADPH
b) Ribulose and NADH
c) Ribulose and NAD+
d) Ribulose and ATP
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The products formed are pentose, ribulose and NADPH.

2. What is the first reaction of the pentose phosphate pathway?

a) Oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone
b) Oxidation of 6-phosphogluconate to ketopentose ribulose 5-phosphate
c) Reduction of 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone to glucose 6-phosphate
d) Reduction of ketopentose ribulose 5-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The first reaction of the pentose phosphate pathway is the oxidation of
glucose 6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone by glucose 6-phosphate
dehydrogenase.

3. Which of the following statements is correct about oxidative pentose

phosphate pathway?
a) It generates NADH
b) It oxidizes NADPH to NADP+
c) The pathway supplies ribose 5-phosphate and NADPH in the quantities the cell
requires
d) Glucose 6-phosphatase catalyzes the rate limiting reaction of the pathway
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Oxidative pentose phosphate pathway supplies ribose 5-phosphate
and NADPH in the quantities the cell requires. It reduces NADP + to NADPH.

4. Which one out of the following enzymes acts in the pentose phosphate
pathway?
a) Aldolase
b) Glycogen phosphorylase
c) Pyruvate kinase
d) 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The first reaction in pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by 6-
phosphogluconate dehydrogenase.
5. Oxidation of 3 molecules of glucose by pentose phosphate pathway results
in the production of ____________
a) 3 molecules of pentose, 6 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO 2
b) 4 molecules of pentose, 6 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO 2
c) 4 molecules of pentose, 3 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO 2
d) 3 molecules of pentose, 4 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO 2
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Glucose 6-phosphate + 2NADP + + H2O → ribose 5-phosphate + CO2 +
2NADPH + 2H+.

6. What is the main function of the pentose phosphate pathway?

a) Supply NADP+
b) Supply NADH
c) Supply energy
d) Supply pentoses and NADPH
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The main function of pentose phosphate pathway is to supply
pentoses to NADPH.

7. Which one of the following statements is correct about the pentose

phosphate pathway?
a) It generates 6 moles of CO 2 for each mole of glucose consumed
b) It generates 38 mol of ATP per mole of glucose consumed
c) It is a reductive pathway that consumes NADH
d) Present in plants but not in animals
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: There is the continued production of NADPH and converting glucose 6-
phosphate (in six cycles) to CO2.

8. Which of the following statements is correct about the reductive pentose

phosphate pathway?
a) It is not reversible
b) Transketolase transfers 3 carbon units
c) Transaldose transfers 2 carbon units
d) Pentoses can provide glycolytic intermediates
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: It is reversible, transketolase transfers 2 carbon units and transaldose
transfers 3 carbon units.
9. The use of NADPH generated from pentose phosphate pathway cannot be
____________
a) oxidized in the electron transport chain to provide 38 ATPs
b) Used for the synthesis of fatty acids
c) Used for the macrophageal functions
d) Used for steroid synthesis
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: NADPH cannot be oxidized in the electron transport chain to provide
38 ATPs.

10. Conversion of xylulose 5-phosphate to ribulose 5-phosphate is catalyzed by

___________
a) Phosphopentose epimerase
b) Transaldolase
c) Transketolase
d) Phosphopentose isomerase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Conversion of xylulose 5-phosphate to ribulose 5-phosphate is
catalyzed by epimerase.

CHAPTER 15

“Regulation of Metabolic Pathways”.

1. Which out of the following statements is true about the regulation of

metabolic pathway?
a) Most of the metabolic pathways are regulated
b) Most of the metabolic pathways are not regulated
c) Regulation of metabolic pathways always involves changing the amount of
enzymes
d) Metabolic regulation always depends on control by hormones
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: According to the physiological needs, rate of metabolism needs to be
changed.

2. The rate of breakdown of metabolites is termed as ___________

a) Metabolic state
b) Metabolism
c) Steady state
d) Homeostasis
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: The rate of breakdown of metabolites is termed as a steady state.

3. Diminished delivery of oxygen to tissues is termed as ___________

a) Hypoxia
b) Ischemia
c) Homeostasis
d) Metabolism
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Diminished delivery of oxygen to tissues is termed as hypoxia.

4. Diminished flow of blood to tissues is termed as ___________

a) Hypoxia
b) Ischemia
c) Homeostasis
d) Metabolism
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Diminished flow of blood to tissues is termed as ischemia.

5. Which of the following statements is true about the control of muscle

glycogen phosphorylase?
a) It is activated by phosphorylation by an active phosphorylase kinase
b) It is allosterically activated by ATP
c) It is allosterically activated by cAMP
d) Normally it exists in active form
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: It is allosterically inhibited by ATP. It is partially activated allosterically
by AMP. Normally it exists in inactive form.

6. Which of the following is not a factor determining the activity of an enzyme?

a) Association with regulatory protein
b) Sequestration
c) Allosteric regulation
d) Nucleotides
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Association with regulatory protein, sequestration, allosteric regulation
and covalent modification are the factors determining the activity of an enzyme.
7. Which of the following statements is true?
a) High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in muscle
b) High insulin/glucagon ratio inhibits lipolysis in liver
c) High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes
d) Low insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: A high insulin/glucagon inactivates lipolysis.

8. Which of the following type of metabolites is used for generating glucose

under severe starvation conditions?
a) Aminoacids
b) Fats
c) Glycogen
d) Starch
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Fats cannot be converted to glucose; there is no store of carbohydrate.
Only amino acids can be used for generating glucose under severe starvation
conditions.

9. Which of the following statements is true about brain metabolism in

starvation?
a) The brain can use glucogenic amino acids for energy
b) The brain can only use glucose as fuel
c) Up to a quarter of energy requirement of the brain can come from fatty acids
d) Up to a half of energy requirement of the brain can come from ketone bodies
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Brain does not use amino acids directly but glucose derived from
glucogenic amino acids in the liver.

10. Which one of the following statements about the control of enzyme
activity by phosphorylation is correct?
a) Phosphorylation of an enzyme results in a conformational change
b) Phosphorylation of an enzyme occurs only at specific tyrosine residues
c) Phosphorylation of an enzyme is carried out by phosphoprotein phosphatases
d) Enzyme control by phosphorylation is irreversible
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Phosphorylation of enzyme is reversible; phosphorylation is not carried
out by phosphoprotein phosphatases.
 “Coordinated Regulation of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis”.

1. Gluconeogenesis responds to which of the following?

a) Hormonal control
b) pH control
c) Temperature control
d) Blood control
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: When the blood glucose level decreases, the hormone glucagon signals
the liver to produce and release more glucose and to stop consuming it for its own
needs. One source of glucose is gluconeogenesis.

2. When blood sugar levels fall, glycolysis is halted in liver to allow ___________
a) Homeostasis
b) Anaerobic respiration
c) Aerobic respiration
d) Gluconeogenesis
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Gluconeogenesis produces glucose in order to compensate the fall.

3. How many steps are catalyzed by the same enzymes in both glycolysis and
gluconeogenesis?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 9
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Phosphohexose isomerase, aldolase, triose phosphate isomerase,
glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase,
phosphoglycerate mutase and enolase are the enzymes which catalyze the
reactions in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

4. How many steps are catalyzed by different enzymes in glycolysis and

gluconeogenesis?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1 and pyruvate kinase in glycolysis,
Glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase, PEP carboxykinase and
pyruvate carboxylase in gluconeogenesis.

5. Three reactions of glycolysis are so exergonic, which are not catalyzed by?
a) Hexokinase
b) PFK-1
c) Pyruvate kinase
d) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Three glycolytic enzymes are subjected to allosteric regulation:
hexokinase IV, PFK-1 and pyruvate kinase.

6. What are the effects of increased concentration of citrate?

a) Increases the inhibitory effect of ATP
b) Decreases the inhibitory effect of ATP
c) Increases the activity of ATP
d) Increases the activity of AMP
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Citrate is a key intermediate in the aerobic oxidation of pyruvate, fatty
acids and amino acids. It serves as an allosteric regulator of PFK-1; its high
concentration increases the inhibitory effect of ATP, further reducing the flow of
glucose through glycolysis.

7. The second control point in gluconeogenesis is the reaction catalyzed by

___________
a) Pyruvate kinase
b) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
c) FBPase-1
d) PFK-1
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: The second control point in gluconeogenesis is the reaction catalyzed
by fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase-1.

8. Which of the following statements is true about PFK-1?

a) It is stimulated by AMP and ADP
b) It is stimulated by citrate and ATP
c) It is inhibited by AMP and ADP
d) It is stimulated by citrate and ADP
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: AMP promotes glycogen degradation and glycolysis by activating
glycogen phosphorylase and stimulating the activity of phosphofructokinase-1. ATP
and citrate are allosteric inhibitors.
9. Which of the following statements is true regarding acetyl co-A?
a) It stimulates pyruvate dehydrogenase
b) It stimulates pyruvate carboxylase
c) It inhibits pyruvate carboxylase
d) It stimulates hexokinase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Gluconeogenesis is regulated at the level of pyruvate carboxylase
which is activated by acetyl co-A.

10. Which of the following is a potent regulator of glycolysis and

gluconeogenesis?
aFructose2,6-bisphosphate
b)Fructose1,6-bisphosphate
c)Fructose6-phosphate
d)Glucose1,6-bisphosphate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The hormonal regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is mediated
by fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate.

“Coordinated Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis and Breakdown”

1. Glucagon and epinephrine stimulate glycogen breakdown to glucose 6-

phosphate ________
a) Directly by binding to glycogen phosphorylase
b) Indirectly by first stimulating adenylate cyclase to make cAMP
c) Only in the liver
d) Only in muscle cells
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: The second messenger cAMP increases in concentration in response to
stimulation by epinephrine in muscle or glucagon in liver.

2. Which compounds are responsible for the coordinated regulation of glucose

and glycogen metabolism?
a) NADH
b) NAD+
c) Acetylco-A
d) Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The hormonal regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is mediated
by fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate.
3. Glycogen synthase a is activated by ___________
a) Phosphorylation catalyzed by GSK3
b) Dephosphorylation catalyzed by GSK3
c) Phosphorylation catalyzed by pyruvate kinase
d) Phosphorylation catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: A protein kinase (PDK-1) that is activated when bound to PIP3 activates
a second protein kinase (PKB) which phosphorylates glycogen synthase kinase 3
(GSK-3). The inactivation of GSK3 allows PP1 to dephosphorylate glycogen synthase
converting it to its active form.

4. Glucagon is released from ___________

a) Muscle
b) Pancreas
c) Kidneys
d) Epithelial tissues
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Glucagon is released from pancreas and causes the liver to convert
glycogen to glucose.

5. Glucose 6-phosphatase is present only in ___________

a) Liver
b) Muscle
c) Epithelial tissues
d) Kidneys
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Glucose 6-phosphatase which hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate is
present only in liver. Other tissues lack glucose 6-phosphatase.

6. Which of the following enzymes is involved in the positive regulation of

glycolysis/gluconeogenesis?
a) Hexokinase II
b) Hexokinase IV
c) PFK-2/FBPase-2
d) Pyruvate kinase
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Increased expression of PFK-2/FBPase-2 regulates
glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.
7. Which of the following enzymes is involved in fatty acid synthesis?
a) Hexokinase II
b) Hexokinase IV
c) PFK-2/FBPase-2
d) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Hexokinase II and hexokinase IV involved in glycolysis.

8. Which of the following is involved in triacylglycerol synthesis?

a) Hexokinase II
b) Acylco-A glycerol transferases
c) PFK-2/FBPase-2
d) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Hexokinase II involved in glycolysis, pyruvate dehydrogenase involved
in fatty acid synthesis.

9. Which of the following is involved in pentose phosphate pathway?

a) Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
b) Acyl co-A glycerol transferases
c) PFK-2/FBPase-2
d) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Acyl co-A glycerol transferases involved in triacylglycerol synthesis,
pyruvate dehydrogenase involved in fatty acid synthesis.

10. Which of the following enzyme’s gene expression is slowed by insulin?

a) Hexokinase II
b) Hexokinase IV
c) PEP carboxykinase
d) Pyruvate kinase
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Insulin stimulates the transcription of the genes that encode
hexokinase II, hexokinase IV and pyruvate kinase.
 CHAPTER 18
“Metabolic Fates of Amino Groups”

1. Glutamate is metabolically converted to α-ketoglutarate and NH 4+ by a

process ___________
a) Oxidative deamination
b) Transamination
c) Reductive deamination
d) Deamination
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Glutamate is metabolically converted to α-ketoglutarate and NH 4+ by a
process oxidative deamination catalyzed by L-glutamate dehydrogenase.

2. Free ammonia combined with glutamate to yield glutamine by the action of

___________
a) Glutaminase
b) Glutamine synthase
c) Glutamate dehydrogenase
d) Amino transferase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: The free ammonia is combined with glutamate to yield glutamine by
the action of glutamine synthase.

3. Pyridoxal phosphate and its aminate form, pyridoxamine phosphate are

tightly bound coenzymes of ___________
a) Amino transferases
b) Glutaminase
c) Glutamine synthase
d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: All aminotransferases have pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) as cofactor.

4. What is the necessary coenzyme for transamination reactions?

a) Pyridoxal phosphate
b) Thiamine pyrophosphate
c) NAD
d) Coenzyme A
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Pyridoxal phosphate functions as an intermediate carrier of amino
groups at the active site of amino transferases.

5. Which is the first step in the catabolism of most L-amino acids once they
have reached the liver is promoted?
a) Amino transferases
b) Glutaminase
c) Glutamine synthase
d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The first step in the catabolism of most L-amino acids once they have
reached the liver is removal of the α-amino groups promoted by enzymes called
amino transferases or trasaminases.

6. The combined action of aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase is

referred as ___________
a) Oxidative deamination
b) Transamination
c) Reductive deamination
d) Transdeamination
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The combined action of aminotransferase and glutamate
dehydrogenase is referred as transdeamination.

7. Glutamine is converted to glutamate and NH 4+ by ___________

a) Amino transferases
b) Glutaminase
c) Glutamine synthase
d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: In the tissues of intestine, liver and kidneys, the amide nitrogen is
released as ammonium ion in the mitochondria, where glutaminase converts
glutamine to glutamate and NH4+.

8. Which of the following operates at an important intersection of carbon and

nitrogen metabolism?
a) Amino transferases
b) Glutaminase
c) Glutamine synthase
d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Glutamate dehydrogenase operates at an important intersection of
carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

9. Trypsinogen is converted to its active state by ___________

a) Enteropeptidase
b) Glutaminase
c) Glutamine synthase
d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Trypsinogen is converted to its active state by enteropeptidase, a
proteolytic enzyme secreted by intestinal cells.

10. Which of the following hydrolyzes successive amino-terminal residues

from short peptides?
a) Aminopeptidase
b) Enteropeptidase
c) Glutamine synthase
d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Aminopeptidase hydrolyzes successive amino-terminal residues from
short peptides.

“Nitrogen Excretion and the Urea Cycle”

1. Urea production occurs almost exclusively in ___________
a) Kidneys
b) Liver
c) Blood
d) Urine
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Urea production occurs almost exclusively in the liver and is the fate of
most of the ammonia channeled there. The urea passes into the blood stream and
thus to the kidneys and is excreted into the urine.

2. Which is the first amino group entering into urea cycle?

a) carbamoyl phosphate
b) Ornithine
c) Cituilline
d) Argininosuccinate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The carbamoyl phosphate, which functions as an activated carbamoyl
group donor enters the urea cycle.

3. The first enzyme in the pathway carbamoyl phosphate synthase I, is

allosterically activated by ___________
a) N-acetylglutamate
b) AcetylcoA
c) Glutamate
d) Carbamoyl phosphate
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The first enzyme in the pathway carbamoyl phosphate synthase I, is
allosterically activated by N-acetylglutamate.

4. A second amino group is transferred to cituilline from ___________

a) Aspartate
b) Glutamate
c) Alanine
d) Guanine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: The second amino group enters from aspartate generated in
mitochondria by transamination and transported into the cytosol.

5. Nitrogen atoms of urea produced in the urea cycle are derived from
___________
a) Ammonia and aspartic acid
b) Nitrate
c) Nitrite
d) Ammonia
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: One amino group comes from ammonia and another comes from
aspartate.

6. What are the products of urea cycle?

a) One molecule of urea, one molecule of ammonia, one molecule of ATP and one
molecule of fumaric acid
b) One molecule of urea, one molecule of AMP, two molecules of ADP and one
molecule of fumaric acid
c) One molecule of aspartic acid, one molecule of ammonia, one molecule of ATP
and one molecule of fumaric acid
d) Two molecules of urea, two molecules of ammonia, one molecule of ATP and one
molecule of fumaric acid
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Products of urea cycle are one molecule of urea, one molecule of AMP,
two molecules of ADP and one molecule of fumaric acid.

7. The carbon atom source while producing urea in the urea cycle is ___________
a) CO2
b) Glucose
c) Aspartic acid
d) Arginine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: CO2 is the carbon atom source while producing urea in the urea cycle.

8. Which of the following is not an essential amino acid?

a) Glycine
b) Leucine
c) Methionine
d) Histidine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Only Leucine, methionine and histidine are essential in this case.

9. Urea cycle converts ___________

a) Keto acids into amino acids
b) Amino acids into keto acids
c) Ammonia into a less toxic form
d) Ammonia into a more toxic form
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: A less toxic ammonia form is produced by urea cycle.

10. What are the inputs to one cycle of urea cycle?

a) One molecule of CO2, one molecule of ammonia, three molecules of ATP and one
molecule of aspartic acid
b) One molecule of urea, one molecule of AMP, two molecules of ADP and one
molecule of fumaric acid
c) One molecule of aspartic acid, one molecule of ammonia, one molecule of ATP
and one molecule of fumaric acid
d) Two molecules of urea, two molecules of ammonia, one molecule of ATP and one
molecule of fumaric acid
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: One molecule of CO2, one molecule of ammonia, three molecules of
ATP and one molecule of aspartic acid are the inputs to one cycle of urea cycle.
 “Pathways of Amino Acid Degradation”

1. Which of the following amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?

a) Leucine
b) Asparagine
c) Threonine
d) Proline
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Only two amino acids, leucine and lysine are exclusively ketogenic.

2. Which of the following are exclusively glucogenic?

a) Arginine
b) Leucine
c) Lysine
d) Threonine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Leucine and lysine are exclusively ketogenic. Threonine is both
ketogenic and glucogenic.

3. Which of the following yields acetyl co-A via aceto-acetyl co-A?

a) Leucine
b) Isoleucine
c) Threonine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Leucine, lysine, phenylalanine and tryptophan yield acetyl co-A via
aceto-acetyl co-A.

4. Which of the following yields acetyl coA directly?

a) Phenylalanine
b) Isoleucine
c) Lysine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Isoleucine, leucine, threonine and tryptophan yield acetyl coA directly.
5. Which of the following produces pyruvate?
a) Leucine
b) Isoleucine
c) Lysine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: The amino acids producing pyruvate are alanine, cysteine, glycine,
serine, threonine and tryptophan.

6. Which of the following produces α-ketoglutarate?

a) Leucine
b) Threonine
c) Methionine
d) Proline
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Arginine, glutamate, glutamine, histidine and proline produce α-
ketoglutarate.

7. Which of the following produce succinyl co-A?

a) Leucine
b) Isoleucine
c) Arginine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Isoleucine, methionine, threonine and valine produce succinyl co-A.

8. Fumarate is produced from four carbon atoms of _________

a) Tyrosine
b) Isoleucine
c) Threonine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Four carbon atoms of phenylalanine and tyrosine give rise to fumarate.

9. Which of the following produces oxaloacetate?

a) Aspartate
b) Isoleucine
c) Threonine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:a
Explanation: Asparagine and aspartate produce oxaloacetate.
10. The branched chain amino acid is not _________
a) Leucine
b) Isoleucine
c) Valine
d) Alanine
View Answer
Answer:d
Explanation: Isoleucine, leucine and valine are the branched chain amino acids.