System Design

Lecture 14
SYSTEMS DESIGN
Systems Design
• Describe the design phase in terms of your information building blocks.
• Identify and differentiate between several systems design strategies.
• Describe the design phase tasks in terms of a computer-based solution for an in-house
development project.
• Describe the design phase in terms of a computer-based solution involving procurement
of a commercial systems software solution.
Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a
detailed computer-based solution. It is also called physical design.
Thus, whereas systems analysis placed emphasis on the business problem, systems design
places emphasis on the technical or implementation concerns of the system.
System Design Approaches
• Model-Driven
– Modern structured design
– Information engineering
– Prototyping
– Object-oriented
• JAD
• RAD
Modern Structured Design
Modern Structured Design is a process-oriented technique for breaking up a large program
into a hierarchy of modules that result in a computer program that is easier to implement and
maintain (change). Synonyms (although technically inaccurate) are top-down program design
and structured programming.
The software model derived from structured design is called a structure chart.
Information Engineering
Information Engineering is a model-driven and data-centered, but process-sensitive technique
to plan, analyze, and design information systems.
The primary tool of IE is a data model diagram.
Prototyping
The prototyping approach is an iterative process involving a close working relationship
between the designer and the users.
• Key Benefits:
– Prototyping encourages and requires active end-user participation.
– Iteration and change are a natural consequence of systems development – thus, it
accommodates end-users whom tend to change their minds.
– Prototyping endorses the philosophy that end-users wont know what they want
until they see it.
– Prototypes are an active, not passive, model that end-users can see, touch, feel,
and experience.
– An approved prototype is a working equivalent to a paper design specification,
with one exception -- errors can be detected much earlier.
– Prototyping can increase creativity because it allows for quicker user feedback,
which can lead to better solutions.
– Prototyping accelerates several phases of the life cycle, possibly bypassing the
programmer.
Object-Oriented Design (OOD)
Object-oriented design is the newest design strategy and is an extension of object-oriented
analysis.
Object-oriented design (OOD) techniques are used to refine the object requirements
definitions identified earlier during analysis, and to define design specific objects.
Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Rapid application development (RAD) is the merger of various structured techniques
(especially the data-driven information engineering) with prototyping techniques and joint
application development techniques to accelerate systems development.
RAD calls for the interactive use of structured techniques and prototyping to define the
users’ requirements and design the final system.
The expedition of the design effort is enhanced through the emphasis on user
participation in Joint application development (JAD) sessions.
Joint Application Development (JAD)

Joint Application Development (JAD) is a technique that complements other systems
analysis and design techniques by emphasizing participative development among system
owners, users, designers, and builders.
During the JAD sessions for systems design, the systems designer will take on the role of
facilitator for possibly several full-day workshops intended to address different design issues
and deliverables.
Technical and Business Research Sources
• Magazines and journals
• Internal standards may exist for hardware and software selection.
• Information services are primarily intended to constantly survey the marketplace for
new products and advise prospective buyers on what specifications to consider.
• Trade newspapers and periodicals offer articles and experiences on various types of
hardware and software that you may be considering.
Typical Outline for Request For Proposal (RFP)

System Design

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

System Design

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

System Design

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture 14

Joint Application Development (JAD)

You might also like