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    Northforge Innovations: Posted by November 21, 2019

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    aasfie
    DBA

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Northforge Innovations: Posted by November 21, 2019

    Uploaded by

    aasfie
    18 views3 pages
    DBA

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    DBA

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    DBA

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    18 views3 pages

    Northforge Innovations: Posted by November 21, 2019

    Uploaded by

    aasfie
    DBA

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    DBA: The GPON Upstream Bandwidth Maestro

    Posted by  Northforge Innovations November 21, 2019 

    The maestro or conductor directs a musical performance involving simultaneous performances of


    several players or singers using gestures to produce harmonious symphonies. DBA (Database
    Bandwidth Assignment) is a mechanism in the GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) network that
    plays the role of a maestro and, using bandwidth maps, distributes, synchronizes, and manages
    shared upstream bandwidth based on demand, fair distribution, and user bandwidth
    configurations. Other cable and telecommunication networks like DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service
    Interface Specification) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) also
    implement mechanisms for Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation.

    In the GPON world, DBA is the process by which an OLT (Optical Line Terminal) distributes and
    reallocates the upstream transmission opportunities to traffic-bearing entities in ONUs (Optical
    Network Unit) based on the dynamic indication of their activity status and configured traffic
    contracts. Activity status indication can be through buffer status reporting or transmission of idle
    GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method) frames in place of granted upstream transmission
    opportunities. DBA improves upstream bandwidth utilization by reacting adaptively to ONUs’ burst
    traffic patterns.

    The benefits of DBA include:

     Improved upstream resource utilization efficiency


     More subscribers can be supported
     Enhanced services for subscribers
     More flexible SLAs (Service Level Agreements)
    PON DBA Abstraction 

    The OLT grants upstream transmission opportunities or upstream bandwidth allocations, to the
    traffic-bearing entities within the subtending ONUs. These traffic-bearing entities are identified by
    their Alloc-IDs (Allocation Identifiers). For each Alloc-ID, the logical buffer DBA function module in
    OLT infers occupancy information by collecting in-band status reports or observing upstream idle
    pattern. It then provides input to the upstream scheduler that is responsible for generating
    bandwidth maps. Bandwidth maps are communicated to ONUs in-band with downstream traffic.
    DBA Methods 

    Depending on ONU buffer occupancy inference mechanism, DBA methods can be:

     SR (Status Reporting) DBA → Based on explicit buffer occupancy reports that are
    solicited by OLT and submitted by ONUs in response
     TM (Traffic Monitoring) DBA → Based on OLTs observation of idle GEM frame
    patterns and its comparison with the corresponding bandwidth maps
    The OLT must support and be capable of accommodating, on the same PON, a mix of SR & TM
    ONUs.

    Mathematical Model of DBA 

    This figure illustrates variants of bandwidth assignment for different offered loads. The prioritization
    of assigned bandwidth components is as follows, starting with the highest priority and ending in the
    lowest priority:
    1. Fixed bandwidth
    2. Assured bandwidth
    3. Non-assured bandwidth
    4. Best-effort bandwidth
    Each of these bandwidth components has specific fairness criteria defined. 

    The Extended Bandwidth assignment model uses the Extended traffic descriptor for the Best Effort,
    which includes best-effort priority and weight.

    Alloc-ID, Traffic Descriptor, and T-CONT types

    T-CONT (Transmission Container) is a traffic bearing object in an ONU representing a group of


    logical connections and treated as a single entity for the purpose of upstream bandwidth
    assignment. In general, the bandwidth and eligibility components of the Alloc-ID traffic descriptor for
    the five types of T-CONT have different relationships with each other, as shown in the table above. 

    Conclusion

    OLT DBA performance is measured using parameters like stationary bandwidth assignment, assured
    bandwidth restoration time, and DBA convergence time.

    This was a quick primer on the intricacies involved in generating the harmonious symphony of
    efficient, maximal upstream bandwidth using DBA, detailed in standard G984.3. Over the years,
    working closely with our partners, Northforge has developed the expertise in GPON-TC and DBA to
    help customers bring products to market in the field of GPON, XGPON, and XGSPON.

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