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C.Đ 18 - Inversion - Lý Thuyết

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CĐ-18

ĐẢO NGỮ (INVERSION)

LÝ THUYẾT
Đảo ngữ (inversion) là hiện tượng đảo ngược vị trí của động từ/ trợ động từ/ động từ khuyết
thiếu và chủ ngữ trong câu nhằm mục đích nhấn mạnh. Đảo ngữ thường được sử dụng trong
ngôn ngữ có văn phong trang trọng (formal) hoặc ngôn ngữ viết (written English). Hiện tượng đảo
ngữ được dùng trong các trường hợp sau:
1. Trạng từ, trạng ngữ phủ định (never, little, at no time, v.v.) và only ở đầu câu
Seldom Seldom have I seen my father so angry.
Little Little does she know about our plan.
Not only ... but also/ too/ as well... Not only can she sing but she is also a fantastic dancer.
Nowhere Nowhere is the treasure to be found.
At no time At no time did he doubt that she was a liar.
In no way In no way am I inviting her!
Under no circumstances/ condition Under no circumstances should you lend him money.
On no account On no account must you disturb me.
Hardly/ Scarcely ... when Hardly had we sat down when the fire alarm went off.
No sooner ... than ... No sooner had we opened the door than we realized
something went wrong.
Only then/ later/ after/ when/ if/ by - Only after I had heard his reasons did I forgive him.
- Only later did she realize what had happened.
Not until Not until we met did I realize that I knew him.
2. As, so, neither, nor để thế hiện sự giống nhau
as We always vote Conservative, as do most of our friends.
so Jack has given a Powerpoint presentation and so has Julie.
neither/ nor Kate won't be able to come to the meeting and neither/nor will Crystal.
3. So, such ở đầu câu
So + adj + be + s + that + s + V + 0
So + adv + auxiliary + s + V + that + s + V + 0
Example: - So difficult was the task that expert assistance was required.
- So little did he know about her that he wasn't even sure of her name.
Such + be + (a/an/the) + N + that + s + V + O
Such + (a/an/the) + N + be + s + that + s + V + O
Example: - Such was his annoyance that he tore up the letter.
- Such a successful advertising campaign was it that the product sold out within a
week.
4. Câu điều kiện.

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CĐ-18
Câu điều kiện loại I: Should the rope break, the dinghy will float away.
Should + s + V
Câu điều kiện loại II: - Were I in your position, I would tell the truth.
Were + s + (to V/ P2) - Were they to offer you the job, would you accept it?
- Were he better trained, he would be more successful.
Câu điều kiện loại III: Had Colin informed the police, he would be safe now.
Had + s + p2
5. Các trạng từ/ trạng ngữ chỉ địa điểm (here, there, in the corner, v.v.) hoặc phương phướng
(away, down, V.V.] ở đầu câu. Lưu ý ta đảo động từ chính lên trước chủ ngữ, chứ không phải trợ
động từ như các trường hợp trên.
Example: - There comes the bus! NOT There does the bus come!
- Along the street came a strange procession. NOT Along the street did a street ange
procession come.
* Lưu ý: khi chủ ngữ là đại từ ta KHÔNG đảo động từ chính lên trước chủ ngữ.
Example: - There it comes!
- Round the corner she ran.

I.

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