Look Back in Anger (Performed in 1956 and Published in 1957)
Look Back in Anger (Performed in 1956 and Published in 1957)
Look Back in Anger (Performed in 1956 and Published in 1957)
By John Osborne ( December 12, 1929, London, England—December 24, 1994, Shropshire)
The term ‘Angry Young Men’ was coined by the Royal Court Theatre’s press officer to promote
Look Back in Anger, a 1956 play by the then-unknown playwright John Osborne.
The Second World War left a tumultuous impact on the civilization. The post-World War II era
was essentially characterized by depression and anxiety as the postwar reforms failed to meet
exalted aspirations for genuine change. This very desolate prospect is also evident in the
literature of the 20th century. These adverse impacts of World War II helped to create several
new traditions in literature. One such movement made its way in the early 1950s. This radically
new age was labelled as the Angry Young Men Movement. The literature of this age chiefly
represented a rebellious and critical attitude towards the postwar British society. The “angry
young men” comprised a group of English novelists and playwrights, mostly having lower-
middle or working-class, and university background. The label “angry young men” is assumed to
have borrowed from Leslie Paul’s autobiographical book Angry Young Man (1951). After
critical acclamation of Osborn’s play Look Back in Anger, the British Newspapers employed the
label to encapsulate the mode and temperament of this group of writes.
Characteristics
The major characteristics of the Angry Young Men Movement are as follows:
Revolt against Social Inequality: A major concern in Angry Young Men Movement writings is
the dissatisfaction of the lower-class towards the established socio-political system which
inequitably valued the middle and the upper classes.
Criticism of Mannerism: Literature of this age fiercely criticises the hypocrisy of the middle and
the upper classes.
Portrayal of Social Status of Youth: Another frequent subject in this age is the depiction of abject
position of the youth in society. The writers often portrayed the central hero being disillusioned
with the life and dissatisfied with their job and a society where he is unfit and deprived of normal
rights.
Revolt against conventionality: Angry Young Men literature strongly revolted against all the
accepted norms and ideals.
Chief Representatives
The chief representatives of the Angry Young Men Movement are as follows:
Wain, John, English poet, novelist, and critic, who portrayed the repressions of society in lively
comic situations. He is assumed to have showed Angry Young Men temperament in his first
novel Hurry on Down (1953). It is a comic picaresque story about an unsettled university
graduate who sought to reject the standards of conventional society.
Amis, Kingsley, English novelist, whose works undertake a humorous critical survey of the post-
World War II British society. Amis's first novel was Lucky Jim (1954), which according to many
reflects the Angry Young Men temperament. This particular book influenced a number of British
playwrights and novelists, including John Osborne and Alan Sillitoe. Therefore, many critics
believe that like Wain, Amis was also an early Angry Young Men writer.
Osborne, John, English playwright and motion picture screenwriter, whose plays enact sharp
criticism of post-World War II British life through outbursts of abusive language. It was
Osborn’s debut play Look Back in Anger (1957) that made the Angry Young Men Movement
authoritatively established. In this sense, John Osborne was the most fortunate literary artist to
have an age started on the basis of a single literary work.
Braine, John, English novelist, who attacked outmoded social values left over from the prewar
world. His most notable work is Room at the Top (1957), a novel exemplifying the various
concerns of the post-World War II generation. The novel tells the story of a young working-class
man trapped into a marriage with the daughter of a wealthy businessman.
Sillitoe, Alan, English novelist and poet, whose brash and angry accounts of the working-class
life showcased the spirit of the Angry Young Men Movement. He is best known for his first
novel Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1958). It tells the story of a rude and amoral young
factory worker for whom drink and sex on Saturday night provide the only relief from the
oppression of the working life.
This literary Movement brought a fresh concept which was totally complied with the then socio-
political context. Though lasted only for a short span of time, it exerted a profound impact in the
field of British literature. This dominant literary movement ended by the early 1960s.
Three Acts
Cliff Lewis
Helena Charles