Benson Boiler

BENSON BOILER
BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
BENSON BOILER
❖ Benson Boiler is a high pressure, drum less,
supercritical, water tube steam boiler with forced
circulation.
❖ This boiler was invented in the year 1922 by Mark
Benson.
❖ This boiler is a supercritical boiler in which the feed
water is compressed to a supercritical pressure and
this prevents the formation of bubbles in the water
tube surface.
BENSON BOILER
❖ The bubbles do not form because at supercritical
pressure the density of water and steam becomes
the same.
❖ It was Mark Benson who first proposed the idea to
compress the water at supercritical pressure before
heating into the boiler and due to this the latent heat
of water reduces to zero.
❖ As the latent heat of water reduces to zero the water
directly changes into steam without the formation of
bubbles.
BENSON BOILER
Air Preheater:
❖ The air preheater is a necessary accessory that
develops the heat in the exhaust gases by heating the
air supplied to the furnace of the boiler.
❖ The Preheated air improves the thermal efficiency
of the fuel.
BENSON BOILER
Economiser:
❖ In economiser, burning the feed water to a certain
temperature. It makes the recovery of heat in the
exhaust gases.
❖ Economiser improves the overall efficiency of the
boiler by reducing fuel consumption.

BENSON BOILER
Radiant Superheater:
❖ It is superheater that heats the water with
radiation produced by the burnt fuel.
❖ It raises the temperature to supercritical
temperature.
BENSON BOILER
Convection Evaporator:
❖ In convection evaporator, it evaporates
superheated water and transforms them into steam.
❖ It does this by the convection method of heat
transfer from hot exhaust gases to water.

BENSON BOILER
Convection Superheater:
❖ It superheats the steam to the desired temperature
(nearly 650 degree Celsius).

BENSON BOILER
Furnace:
❖ It is the space, above the grate and below the
boiler shell, in which the fuel is actually burnt.
❖ The furnace is also called firebox.

BENSON BOILER
Feed Pump:
❖ It is used to supply the water inside the boiler at
supercritical pressure of 225 bar.

BENSON BOILER
Steam Outlet Pipe:
❖ The superheated steam is supplied to the steam
turbine by a steam outlet pipe.

BENSON BOILER
Working Principle:
❖ It works on the principle that the pressure of the
water is increased to the supercritical pressure (i.e.
above the critical pressure of 225 bar).
❖ When the pressure of water is increased to the
supercritical level, the latent heat of water becomes Zero
and due to this, it directly changes into steam without
boiling. And this prevents the formation of bubbles at
the tube surface.

BENSON BOILER
Working:
❖ It is a water tube boiler, which works on the
principle of the critical pressure of water.
❖ Critical pressure is the pressure at which the water
and gas states are in equilibrium.
❖ The feedwater passes through the economiser to
the water-cooled walls of the furnace.

BENSON BOILER
Working:
❖ The water receives heat by radiation and the
temperature increases to nearly critical temperature.
❖ It then enters the evaporator and may get
superheated to some degree.
❖ Finally, it is transferred through the superheater to
achieve desired superheated steam.

BENSON BOILER
Working:
❖ This boiler is also known as light-weight boiler as
there is no large water and steam drum.
❖ The thermal efficiency of up to 90% may be
achieved by this boiler.
❖ The average working pressure and capacity of this
type of boiler is 250 bar and 135 ton/hour.
❖ It can be within 15 minutes.

BENSON BOILER
Features:
❖ The weight of this boiler is less than other boilers.
Which reduces the cost of boilers.
❖ With no drums in this boiler, its parts transfer is
easy. All parts are likely to be transported to the site,
without pre-assembly.
❖ Once the feedwater entering at one end is
discharged as superheated steam at the other end.

BENSON BOILER
Advantages :
❖ It is a drum less boiler and hence the weight of this
type of boiler is 20 % less as compared with other
types of boiler.
❖ It is light in weight.
❖ Occupy smaller floor area for its erection.
❖ Explosion hazard is almost negligible because of
the use of smaller diameter tubes.

BENSON BOILER
Advantages :
❖ It can be started very easily within 15 minutes.
❖ It avoids bubble formation due to the supercritical
pressure of water.
❖ Transportation is easy.
❖ This boiler may achieve thermal efficiency up to
90%.
BENSON BOILER
Disadvantages:
❖ Due to the supercritical type of boiler, its control
requires to be inspected every time to prevent an
explosion.
❖ This Boiler control is difficult for variable loads.

BENSON BOILER
Applications:
❖ The supercritical boiler is used in various
industries to generate steam for the production of
electrical power.
❖ This boiler has an average operating pressure,
temperature and capacity of 650°C, 250 bar and 135
ton/hour, so used to generate the mechanical power.

Thank You

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BENSON BOILER

supercritical, water tube steam boiler with forced

❖ This boiler was invented in the year 1922 by Mark

❖ This boiler is a supercritical boiler in which the feed

water is compressed to a supercritical pressure and

this prevents the formation of bubbles in the water

develops the heat in the exhaust gases by heating the

air supplied to the furnace of the boiler.

❖ The Preheated air improves the thermal efficiency

temperature. It makes the recovery of heat in the

❖ Economiser improves the overall efficiency of the

boiler by reducing fuel consumption.

radiation produced by the burnt fuel.

❖ It raises the temperature to supercritical

superheated water and transforms them into steam.

❖ It does this by the convection method of heat

transfer from hot exhaust gases to water.

(nearly 650 degree Celsius).

boiler shell, in which the fuel is actually burnt.

❖ The furnace is also called firebox.

supercritical pressure of 225 bar.

turbine by a steam outlet pipe.

water is increased to the supercritical pressure (i.e.

above the critical pressure of 225 bar).

❖ When the pressure of water is increased to the

supercritical level, the latent heat of water becomes Zero

and due to this, it directly changes into steam without

boiling. And this prevents the formation of bubbles at

the tube surface.

principle of the critical pressure of water.

❖ Critical pressure is the pressure at which the water

and gas states are in equilibrium.

❖ The feedwater passes through the economiser to

the water-cooled walls of the furnace.

temperature increases to nearly critical temperature.

❖ It then enters the evaporator and may get

superheated to some degree.

❖ Finally, it is transferred through the superheater to

achieve desired superheated steam.

there is no large water and steam drum.

❖ The thermal efficiency of up to 90% may be

achieved by this boiler.

❖ The average working pressure and capacity of this

type of boiler is 250 bar and 135 ton/hour.

❖ It can be within 15 minutes.

Which reduces the cost of boilers.

❖ With no drums in this boiler, its parts transfer is

easy. All parts are likely to be transported to the site,

❖ Once the feedwater entering at one end is

discharged as superheated steam at the other end.

type of boiler is 20 % less as compared with other

❖ Occupy smaller floor area for its erection.

❖ Explosion hazard is almost negligible because of

the use of smaller diameter tubes.

❖ It avoids bubble formation due to the supercritical

❖ This boiler may achieve thermal efficiency up to

requires to be inspected every time to prevent an

❖ This Boiler control is difficult for variable loads.

industries to generate steam for the production of