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    New AQA ELC Science Component 5: Energy, Forces and The Structure of Matter

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    Chris Harris
    Forces cause energy transfers that can result in work being done and energy changing forms. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but is instead transferred or stored in different ways. Whenever energy changes forms, some of it is always lost as heat.

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    New AQA ELC Science Component 5: Energy, Forces and The Structure of Matter

    Uploaded by

    Chris Harris
    13 views2 pages
    Forces cause energy transfers that can result in work being done and energy changing forms. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but is instead transferred or stored in different ways. Whenever energy changes forms, some of it is always lost as heat.

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    Comp-5-phys---energy-forces-matter

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    Forces cause energy transfers that can result in work being done and energy changing forms. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but is instead transferred or stored in different ways. Whenever energy changes forms, some of it is always lost as heat.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views2 pages

    New AQA ELC Science Component 5: Energy, Forces and The Structure of Matter

    Uploaded by

    Chris Harris
    Forces cause energy transfers that can result in work being done and energy changing forms. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but is instead transferred or stored in different ways. Whenever energy changes forms, some of it is always lost as heat.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Forces are pushes or pulls, and if a force causes an object to move then work is done and energy is transferred.

    Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be stored in many different ways, although when energy
    changes to being stored in a different way, some is always 'wasted' as heat.
    OVERVIEW

    A braking force will cause an energy transfer that makes a vehicle slow down and heats the brakes. The braking
    distance of a vehicle depends on many different things, such as the speed of the vehicle – speed being
    measured in units such as miles per hour or metres per second.

    The energy resources available to use may be divided into renewable and non-renewable. Energy can also be
    released from atoms, which contain smaller particles such as neutrons and protons in the nucleus, because
    atoms can break down to emit particles or gamma rays.

    Know the changes involved in the way energy is stored when a


    system changes.
    Energy storage is limited to kinetic, gravitational potential, thermal,
    light, sound and elastic (strain).
    Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but cannot
    be created or destroyed. This is called the conservation of energy.
    Whenever there are energy transfers in a system only part of the
    energy is usefully transferred. The rest of the energy is dissipated so
    that it is stored in less useful ways.
    This energy is often described as being 'wasted'.
    Unwanted energy transfers can be reduced in a number of ways, eg
    through lubrication and the use of thermal insulation.
    The higher the thermal conductivity of a material the higher the rate
    of energy transfer by conduction across the material.
    The main energy resources on Earth include fossil fuels, nuclear,
    wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, tides and the sun.
    Distinguish between energy resources that are renewable and
    energy resources that are non-renewable.
    A force is a push or pull that acts on an object due to the interaction
    with another object.
    All forces between objects are either contact (the objects are
    physically touching) or non-contact (the objects are physically
    separated)
    Examples of contact forces include friction, air resistance, tension
    and normal contact force.
    Examples of non-contact forces are gravitational force, electrostatic
    force and magnetic force.
    When a force causes an object to move through a distance, work is
    done on the object.

    New AQA ELC Science


    Component 5: Energy, forces and the structure of matter
    Work done against the frictional forces acting on an object causes a
    rise in the temperature of the object.
    Speed is measured by the distance travelled in a certain time.
    The equation for (average) speed is:
    Speed = distance / time
    The stopping distance of a vehicle is the sum of the distance the
    vehicle travels during the driver's reaction time (thinking distance)
    and the distance it travels under the braking force (braking
    distance).
    For a given braking force: the greater the speed of the vehicle, the
    greater the stopping distance.
    Reaction times vary from person to person. Typical values range
    from 0.5 s to 0.9 s.
    Know a driver's reaction time can be affected by tiredness, drugs,
    alcohol, and distractions.
    The braking distance of a vehicle can be affected by adverse road
    and weather conditions, and poor condition of the vehicle.
    Adverse road conditions include wet or icy conditions. Poor condition
    of the vehicle is limited to the vehicle's brakes or tyres.
    Some atomic nuclei are unstable. The nucleus gives out ionising
    radiation. This is a random process called radioactive decay.
    The nuclear radiation emitted may be:
    alpha particles, beta particles or gamma rays
    Properties of alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays limited
    to their penetration through materials and their range in air.
    Know some uses and dangers of the three types of radiation.

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