... Little Info About The Topic Ends With Asking This Question

INTRODUCTION (...
little info about the topic ends with asking this question)
Humans are modifying the world in many ways, and not all of them for the better. The changes
we cause are often severe challenges to animals, plants, and microbes in nature, from the
introduction of pathogens or exotic invasive species to adding toxic substances or excessive
nutrients or causing climatic change and other environmental changes. Often several changes
occur at once. Changes in the atmosphere and oceans can profoundly change the biosphere, the
thin living film of life on Earth that is intrinsically coupled to the atmosphere and hydrosphere
and provides the nourishing fabric within which human societies exist. Hence, degradation or
restoration of parts of the biosphere is likely to have regional or planetary consequences. A range
of factors affects the human response to environmental change. They include the information
available, understanding of the phenomenon, the nature of the decision-making processes
implied, and the motivation for change. One major factor affecting decision-making is that
scientific information is not fully and accurately disseminated through society. Further, scientific
uncertainty about and complexity of biosphere changes complicate the process of reaching a
rational decision. The mental model that people have of their world tends to be maintained unless
it is contradicted by experienced events, so global change is likely to be understood only to the
extent that it impacts everyday life. Much of human reasoning is essentially analogical rather
than based on standard logic, and its validity depends on finding a suitable analogical model. It is
suggested that risk or defense situations may provide useful analogies. Finally, there is a need to
consider the motivational problems created by the sacrifices that must be made to deal with the
problem effectively.
A. How to understand and respond to environmental change?
1. How are we changing the physical environment of the earth’s

surface?
● We are changing the physical environment in the form of increasing
human Modification of the landscape, and human-driven climate
change is changing not just the Earth's surface but also its
processes. Human modifications are causing the world too much
trouble by clearing the agricultural land to be replaced by
infrastructures and destroying the bodies of water, especially the
corals underneath, due to the land reclamations done in some
countries. On the other hand, human-driven climate change is
altering the processes of the earth, especially in the aquatic and
marine ecosystems. As time goes by, the world becomes more
populated, industrialized, and urbanized, which led to the
occurrence of environmental challenges happening on the Earth's
surface.
● The Industrialization of the Earth took a major part in transforming
the earth's surface. As we industrialize, we build more factories,
create more buildings, and houses, to the extent of turning
mountains and hills into plains and deteriorating the environment.
Humans create more ecological challenges which scientists and
policymakers are struggling to address. It is also expected that
human activities will increase as the climate continues to warm up.
Humans are already experiencing some of the changes made by
human activities, such as the melting of ice and glaciers due to the
increasing temperature and resulting in the rising sea level of the
world. And this is only one of the impacts inflicted by humans on
the Earth’s surface. Imagine if we are going to experience all these
changes all at once, it would be tragic. Scientific research has
succeeded in accumulating the magnitude of these biophysical
changes, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, soil erosion,
biodiversity loss, and water depletion and degradation. It is
important to note that researchers, scientists, and even scholars
are having a hard time addressing these issues.
2. How can we best preserve biological diversity and protect

endangered ecosystems?
3. How are climate and other environmental changes affecting the

vulnerabilities of coupled human-environment ecosystems?
Conclu: (words from the intro, conclusion from the 3 questions and ends by
answering letter A)
As stated, humans are the most guilty creatures for being irresponsible in the
preservation of this planet. This is a global concern, and all of us are encouraged to be part
of creating environmental interventions to save our planet, to save our one and only
home.
In line with this, three conclusions are formulated.. First,

1. Human’s continued and increasing modification of the planet created an
environmental crisis.
● The negative impact of human advancement on the environment and its
aggravated effects seems to be out of control already. As mentioned above, it has
now become a global crisis, considering the catastrophic environmental events
that are happening in almost all countries.
2. Geographical Sciences play a prominent role in environmental protection and
preservation.
● Only geographical sciences can provide a better explanation for the changing
character of the planet. They are the only ones in the position to hold a thorough
investigation and examination of the issues of resilience, sustainability, and
adaptation of this constantly changing environment. Moreover, they also study
the patterns and processes in environmental changes that enable them to come
up with more advanced ideas and contingency plans for the possible changes in
vulnerabilities of the socio-economic system. Therefore, localization in
geographical science research would be beneficial for determining the recurrent
vulnerabilities in each area, how to respond to them, and how such
vulnerabilities affect the larger community as a whole.
3. To be able to understand and respond to environmental changes, we must
envision a geographically-enabled world.
● A geographically-enabled world involves the active interaction and participation
between well-trained and well-equipped scientists and the people. It is a
community where geographical science and the informed people are the salient
characters in the sustainability of life on this planet. Through the help of
science, everyone is allowed to healthily contribute to environmental campaigns
and establish resilience and adaptability on this dynamic planet.
To end this discussion, I want everyone to always remember these words coming from Senator
Bernie Sanders during the Democratic Presidential Debate in the United States last 2016.
He said, “Incrementalism and those little steps are not enough. Not right now. We have a
global crisis. We have got to move urgently- urgently and boldly”. That would be all, and
may we spend each day in an environmentally-friendly way.
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INTRODUCTION (...

A. How to understand and respond to environmental change?

1. How are we changing the physical environment of the earth’s

2. How can we best preserve biological diversity and protect

3. How are climate and other environmental changes affecting the

In line with this, three conclusions are formulated.. First,

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