FN-303 Review

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FN 303 Less Lethal Launcher | Hendon Publishing
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<h1 class="article-heading">
FN 303 Less Lethal Launcher</h1>
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One of the dilemmas with less-lethal alternatives has been range and
accuracy. Of the suspects engaged by officers using less-lethal munitions, 19%
were between 21 and 42 feet away, while 20% were beyond 42 feet. A less-lethal
launcher that is both accurate and effective at longer ranges is definitely needed.
In these less-lethal scenarios with 12-gauge, 37mm and 40mm impact munitions, 22%
of the time two shots were fired, and 18% of the time three shots were fired. A
less-lethal launcher capable of fast follow-up shots is also clearly needed. <br
/><br />The FN 303 Less Lethal Launcher addresses these issues by combining the
abilities of an impact projectile that is fin stabilized with a compressed air
launcher. The FN 303 straight from the box is totally modular and easily assembled
within a minute without instruction. Actually, <a href="http://www.fnhusa.com"
target="_blank">FNH USA</a> ships the weapon without manuals or instructions. These
are delivered at the FN 303 user training course. The message here is you shouldn’t
be using something with which you are not properly trained. <br /><br />The FN 303
is constructed of a lightweight durable polymer. The overall design of the weapon
is ergonomically pleasing and comfortable to hold. The FN 303 consists of four
major parts—stock, receiver, air tank and magazine. The stock slides into the top
rail of the receiver and locks into place. The air tank snaps onto the right-hand
side of the forward section of the receiver. There is a small airline that attaches
the receiver to the air tank by a quick coupler. <br /><br />The modular FN 303,
less the stock, can be easily attached to a lethal weapon such as the AR-15 pattern
patrol rifle. <br /><br />The 15-round drum-style magazine has a clear back for
easy ammunition identification and round count. The magazine fits easily into the
magazine well with the release molded into the front forearm of the receiver
directly in front of the magazine. The magazine can be loaded by hand within just
20 to 30 seconds. Magazine changes were accomplished in 3 to 5 seconds. <br
/><br />The FN 303 operates off of high-pressure, low-volume compressed air. Air
tanks can be filled at any SCUBA supply outlet by a fill valve adapter attached to
a large SCUBA tank or by FN’s gas-powered portable compressor. On one full tank
(3,000 psi) of air, the weapon is capable of firing about 110 rounds. There is a
small valve and gauge on the weapon-mounted tank to allow for charging of the
weapon and easy identification of the need for air refills. We used a fill adapter
to fill our tank. <br /><br />The gauge’s green pressure range shows 3,000 psi to
1,000 psi with anything below that considered low pressure. FN 303 would cycle
below that range down to about 600 psi. In these ranges, the weapon had noticeably
less force behind the projectiles on impact. In the lower-pressure range, at the 50
meter maximum recommended range, a few of our projectiles failed to break on impact
with our rubber target mannequin. <br /><br />It should be noted that it is
necessary to fill the small weapon tank slowly otherwise the tank will instantly
heat up and greatly reduce the capacity of the tank. In an individual perpetrator
encounter, one full tank would be more than adequate, but in a riot situation, the
portable air compressor would be a must. If your budget cannot afford a compressor,
then multiple weapon tanks would be a very viable option. <br /><br />The FN 303
has a trigger guard safety. By slipping your finger between the trigger and safety,
you can push the safety forward. We loved its simple, easy design. The only thing
we noticed was that even with the weapon charged, the trigger sometimes would not
go to its fullest forward position to allow the re-engagement of the safety without
a little help. <br /><br />We left our FN 303 in the trunk of a patrol car for a
month with the valve off and the tank charged. It maintained its air charge with no
visible decrease in pressure. At freezing temperatures, it came straight out of the
trunk and performed flawlessly. During our testing, the majority of our days were
right around freezing, but the FN 303 showed no adverse effects associated with the
cold. <br /><br />The weapon comes with a metal flip-up rear peep and front post
sights. The sights were not adjustable, but there is a top rail system that could
easily accommodate any aftermarket light or sight systems. The sights were rather
taller but were still accurate for the amount of offset from the barrel bore.
<br /><br />Using the fixed, factory sights, the point of aim versus the point of
impact was consistently high and to the right by about 6 inches at 40 meters. We
were able to send an endless barrage of projectiles with consistent solid torso
strikes at this same range. The visible flight path of each projectile allowed for
even quicker aim adjustment during rapid firing. <br /><br />The FN 303 Launcher
grouped six rounds into 5 inches from 75 feet (25 yards). From its maximum
recommended range of 165 feet (55 yards), the FN 303 easily put all the projectiles
on the torso of a life-size mannequin. In fact, it put the projectiles on the
target in the rapid-fire rate of about one shot per second. In comparison, the
shotgun-fired impact munitions are not as accurate. <br /><br />Based on Los
Angeles County Sheriff testing, from 75 feet, the average square pad beanbag
grouped into 21.6 inches, while the average sock-type beanbag grouped into 17.5
inches. Of all 12-gauge, 37mm and 40mm impact munitions, 46% grouped into less than
18 inches, 30% printed between 18 and 36 inches, and 24% were off the 36-inch
target. Again, at this 75-foot range, the FN 303 grouped into 5 inches. <br
/><br />The reason the projectiles are so accurate is due to their plastic cone
shaped design that incorporates a rear fin that is molded into the sides of the
projectile similar to a saboted shotgun slug. The projectiles utilize a fin-
stabilized polystyrene body and non-toxic bismuth forward payload. The projectiles
break upon impact, minimizing the risk of penetrating injuries, and the blunt
impact serves to deter aggressors. Secondary effects can be delivered by the
projectiles via rear payloads. For example, three versions of the projectiles are
now in the U.S. Army inventory. <br /><br />The projectiles come in several
different types and color-coded varieties. We tested the clear impact projectile,
pink marking paint and orange OC projectiles. The colors are clearly and distinctly
visible through the clear backing of the magazine. FNH USA recently upgraded from
oleoresin capsicum (OC) to pelargonic acid vanillylamide (PAVA). This irritant uses
Capsaicin II, a synthetic version of OC, which is reported to be more than two
times hotter than OC, and has a longer shelf life. <br /><br />The projectiles are
frangible and weigh 8.5 grams. The FN 303 projectile has a muzzle velocity of 290
to 300 fps and a muzzle energy of 24 to 25 ft/lbs. To put this in perspective, that
is about twice the energy of a PepperBall projectile and about one-fifth the energy
of a shotgun beanbag. The increased striking power of this weapon is noteworthy and
not without due caution. The factory advised the minimum safe distance is 3 feet if
you target the thigh. <br /><br />The Individual Serviceman Non-Lethal System
(ISNLS) is an evolving non-lethal weapons concept currently supported by this
commercial, off-the-shelf, FN 303 Less Lethal Launcher. The primary purpose of the
ISNLS is to give the individual warfighter the ability to engage targets with non-
lethal force at greater distance and accuracy than is currently available. As part
of the ISNLS program, the FN303 Less Lethal Launcher has undergone extensive human
effects testing. <br /><br />Testing and analysis has been performed by the Human
Effects Center of Excellence at the Air Force Research Lab to characterize and
understand the blunt trauma effects of the projectile at various engagement ranges.
The testing, which has been reviewed periodically by the Human Effects Review Board
as part of normal program practices, ensures that proper operator training and
safety margins can be implemented between what is operationally effective and any
potential injurious effects. <br /><br />From 15 feet, we found the FN 303
projectile penetrated 2.5 inches of T-shirt-covered, calibrated ordnance gelatin.
Some penetration is both permitted and expected since virtually all impact
projectiles, including beanbags and rigid batons, penetrate some amount of gelatin.
<br /><br />The rule of thumb used by some less-lethal munitions manufacturers in
the late-1990s and early-2000s to develop shotgun-fired beanbags called for a
maximum penetration of 2 inches from 15 feet. More penetration than this does not
mean the FN 303 should not be used! It simply identifies it as one of the impact
munitions better suited for longer ranges with an elevated risk at closer ranges.
As such, extreme caution should be used at engagement distances closer than 15
feet. <br /><br />The FN 303 is so accurate, and the retained energy and momentum
is so good, there is no tactical reason to get closer to the subject than 15 feet.
At 55 yards, the FN 303 projectile still has 33% more energy than the PepperBall
projectile has at the muzzle. Again, the FN 303 is so accurate compared with all
other impact munitions that thigh and buttocks shots are quite possible even under
somewhat fluid and dynamic situations. The head, neck and groin should never be
targeted for the use of less-lethal force. <br /><br />The FN 303 is a reliable,
well-built, accurate less-lethal alternative. With multiple projectile options, it
gives operators plenty of options for any situation. The key is that it needs to be
used by properly trained officers who are fully aware of its capabilities. <br
/><br
/><span style="font-style: italic">Don Munson is a deputy sheriff with the Benton
County, IN Sheriff’s Department, and he is point man with his multi-agency response
team. He can be reached at donmunson@sbcglobal.net.</p>
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<p><strong><em>Published in Tactical Response, May/Jun 2008</em></strong></p>
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