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    Documentation PDF

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    adfewra

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    Documentation PDF

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    adfewra
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    Documentation - PDF

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    Documentation PDF

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    adfewra

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    Portable Document Format 

    (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in


    1993 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent
    of application software, hardware, and operating systems.[2][3] Based on the PostScript language, each
    PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the
    text, fonts, vector graphics, raster images and other information needed to display it.
    PDF was standardized as ISO 32000 in 2008.[4] The last edition as ISO 32000-2:2020 was published in
    December 2020.
    PDF files may contain a variety of content besides flat text and graphics including logical structuring
    elements, interactive elements such as annotations and form-fields, layers, rich media (including video
    content), three-dimensional objects using U3D or PRC, and various other data formats. The PDF
    specification also provides for encryption and digital signatures, file attachments, and metadata to
    enable workflows requiring these features.

    Contents

    • 1 History

    • 2 Technical details

    • 2.1 PostScript language

    • 3 File format

    • 4 Imaging model

    • 4.1 Vector graphics

    • 4.2 Raster images

    • 4.3 Text

    • 4.4 Transparency

    • 5 Additional features

    • 5.1 Logical structure and accessibility

    • 5.2 Optional Content Groups (layers)

    • 5.3 Encryption and signatures

    • 5.4 File attachments

    • 5.5 Metadata

    • 5.6 Accessibility

    • 5.7 Multimedia

    • 5.8 Forms

    • 6 Licensing

    • 7 Security
    • 8 Software

    • 8.1 Viewers and editors

    • 8.2 Printing

    • 8.3 Native display model

    • 8.4 Annotation

    • 9 Alternatives

    • 10 See also

    • 11 References

    • 12 Further reading

    • 13 External links

    History
    Adobe Systems made the PDF specification available free of charge in 1993. In the early years PDF
    was popular mainly in desktop publishing workflows, and competed with a variety of formats such
    as DjVu, Envoy, Common Ground Digital Paper, Farallon Replica and even Adobe's
    own PostScript format.
    PDF was a proprietary format controlled by Adobe until it was released as an open standard on July 1,
    2008, and published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 32000-1:2008,[5][6] at
    which time control of the specification passed to an ISO Committee of volunteer industry experts. In
    2008, Adobe published a Public Patent License to ISO 32000-1 granting royalty-free rights for all
    patents owned by Adobe that are necessary to make, use, sell, and distribute PDF-compliant
    implementations.[7]
    PDF 1.7, the sixth edition of the PDF specification that became ISO 32000-1, includes some proprietary
    technologies defined only by Adobe, such as Adobe XML Forms Architecture (XFA)
    and JavaScript extension for Acrobat, which are referenced by ISO 32000-1 as normative and
    indispensable for the full implementation of the ISO 32000-1 specification. These proprietary
    technologies are not standardized and their specification is published only on Adobe's website. [8][9][10]
    [11][12] Many of them are also not supported by popular third-party implementations of PDF.

    In December, 2020, the second edition of PDF 2.0, ISO 32000-2:2020, was published, including
    clarifications, corrections and critical updates to normative references. [13] ISO 32000-2 does not include
    any proprietary technologies as normative references.[14]

    Technical details[edit]
    A PDF file is often a combination of vector graphics, text, and bitmap graphics. The basic types of
    content in a PDF are:
    •Text stored as content streams (i.e., not encoded in plain text);
    •Vector graphics for illustrations and designs that consist of shapes and lines;
    •Raster graphics for photographs and other types of images
    •Multimedia objects in the document.
    In later PDF revisions, a PDF document can also support links (inside document or web page), forms,
    JavaScript (initially available as a plugin for Acrobat 3.0), or any other types of embedded contents that
    can be handled using plug-ins.
    PDF combines three technologies:
    •A subset of the PostScript page description programming language, for generating the layout and
    graphics.
    •A font-embedding/replacement system to allow fonts to travel with the documents.
    •A structured storage system to bundle these elements and any associated content into a single file,
    with data compression where appropriate.
    PostScript language[edit]
    PostScript is a page description language run in an interpreter to generate an image, a process
    requiring many resources. It can handle graphics and standard features of programming
    languages such as  if statements and  loop commands. PDF is largely based on PostScript but
    simplified to remove flow control features like these, while graphics commands such
    as  lineto remain.

    Often, the PostScript-like PDF code is generated from a source PostScript file. The graphics commands
    that are output by the PostScript code are collected and tokenized.[clarification needed] Any files, graphics,
    or fonts to which the document refers also are also collected. Then, everything is compressed to a
    single file. Therefore, the entire PostScript world (fonts, layout, measurements) remains intact. [citation
    needed]

    As a document format, PDF has several advantages over PostScript:


    •PDF contains tokenized and interpreted results of the PostScript source code, for direct
    correspondence between changes to items in the PDF page description and changes to the resulting
    page appearance.
    •PDF (from version 1.4) supports transparent graphics; PostScript does not.
    •PostScript is an interpreted programming language with an implicit global state, so instructions
    accompanying the description of one page can affect the appearance of any following page. Therefore,
    all preceding pages in a PostScript document must be processed to determine the correct appearance
    of a given page, whereas each page in a PDF document is unaffected by the others. As a result, PDF
    viewers allow the user to quickly jump to the final pages of a long document, whereas a PostScript
    viewer needs to process all pages sequentially before being able to display the destination page
    (unless the optional PostScript Document Structuring Conventions have been carefully compiled and
    included).
    PDF 1.6 supports interactive 3D documents embedded in a PDF file: 3D drawings can be embedded
    using U3D or PRC and various other data formats.[15][16][17]

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