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    Seminar Onlabour and Complicaton1

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    Priya
    This document discusses labour and its complications. It defines labour as the series of events that lead to the expulsion of the fetus through the birth canal. Labour can be normal or abnormal. Normal labour is spontaneous, at term, with vertex presentation, and without complications. Abnormal labour deviates from this definition. Labour progresses through three stages - dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the fetus, and delivery of the placenta. Complications include premature rupture of membranes, prolapsed cord, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, preterm labour, dystocia, amniotic fluid embolism, fetal distress, and uterine inversion or rupture. The document outlines the steps of the

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    Seminar Onlabour and Complicaton1

    Uploaded by

    Priya
    101 views5 pages
    This document discusses labour and its complications. It defines labour as the series of events that lead to the expulsion of the fetus through the birth canal. Labour can be normal or abnormal. Normal labour is spontaneous, at term, with vertex presentation, and without complications. Abnormal labour deviates from this definition. Labour progresses through three stages - dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the fetus, and delivery of the placenta. Complications include premature rupture of membranes, prolapsed cord, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, preterm labour, dystocia, amniotic fluid embolism, fetal distress, and uterine inversion or rupture. The document outlines the steps of the

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    This document discusses labour and its complications. It defines labour as the series of events that lead to the expulsion of the fetus through the birth canal. Labour can be normal or abnormal. Normal labour is spontaneous, at term, with vertex presentation, and without complications. Abnormal labour deviates from this definition. Labour progresses through three stages - dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the fetus, and delivery of the placenta. Complications include premature rupture of membranes, prolapsed cord, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, preterm labour, dystocia, amniotic fluid embolism, fetal distress, and uterine inversion or rupture. The document outlines the steps of the

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    101 views5 pages

    Seminar Onlabour and Complicaton1

    Uploaded by

    Priya
    This document discusses labour and its complications. It defines labour as the series of events that lead to the expulsion of the fetus through the birth canal. Labour can be normal or abnormal. Normal labour is spontaneous, at term, with vertex presentation, and without complications. Abnormal labour deviates from this definition. Labour progresses through three stages - dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the fetus, and delivery of the placenta. Complications include premature rupture of membranes, prolapsed cord, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, preterm labour, dystocia, amniotic fluid embolism, fetal distress, and uterine inversion or rupture. The document outlines the steps of the

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    Seminar

    ON
    “LABOUR AND ITS COMPLICATION”

    SUBMITTETO SUBMITTEDBY

    Labour and Complications


    Definition :- Series of events that take place in the genital organs in
    an efforts to expel the viable product of conception out of the womb
    through the vagina into the outer world is called labour.

    Forms of labour:-
    Normal labour:- Labour is called normal if it fulfill the following:

    1) Spontaneous in onset and at term.


    2) With vertex presentation.
    3) Without undue prolongation.
    4) Natural termination with minimal aids.
    5) Without having any complication affecting the mother and baby.

    Abnormal labour:- Any deviation from the definition of normal labour


    is called abnormal labour.

    Stages of labour
    First stage of labour:- It begins from the onset of true labour pain and ends
    with full dilatation of the cervix.It is also known as “cervical stage”.

     Its average duration is 12 hours in primigravida and 6 hours in


    multigravida.

    Second stage of labour :- It starts from full dilatation of the cervicx and ends
    with expulsion of the fetus from birth canal.

     Propulsive phase.
     Expulsive phase.

    Propulsive phase :- Full dilatation upto the descent of the presenting part to
    the pelvic floor.

    Expulsive phase :- Maternal bearing down efforts and delivery of the fetus.

     Its average duration 2 hours in primigravida.


     30 minutes in multipara.

    Third stage of labour :-It begins after expulsion of the fetus and ends with
    expulsion of placenta and memberane .

    Fourth stage of labour :-It is the stage of observation for at least one hour
    after expulsion of the after birth.

    Steps of mechanism of labour :-


    1) Engagement
    2) Descent
    3) Flexion
    4) Internal rotation of the head
    5) Crowing
    6) Extension
    7) Restitution
    8) Internal rotation of the shoulders
    9) External rotation of the head
    10) Expulsion of the trunk.

    Complication of labour
    1) Premature rupture of the memberane:- PROM refers to
    spontaneous rupture of the amniotic memberane before the onset of
    the labour.

    2) Prolapsed umbilical cord :- The umbilical cord is displaced between


    the presenting part and amnion or protruding through the cervix,
    compression of the cord and compression fetal circulation.

    3) Placenta previa :-It is improperly implanted placenta in the lower


    uterine segment near or over the internal os

    4) Abruptio placenta :- Premature separation of the placenta from the


    uterine wall after 20th weeks of gestation.
    5) Preterm labour :- It occurs after 20th weeks but before the 37 weeks
    of gestation.

    6) Precipitate labour :- Labour lasting less than 3 hours.

    7) Dystocia :- Dystosia is difficult labour that isprolonged or painfull.

    8) Amniotic fluid embolism :- AFE is the escape of amniotic fluid into


    the maternal circulation.

    9) Fetal distress :- Fetal heart rate less than 110b/ minute or greater
    than 160b/ minute.

    10) Interauterine fetal demise :- * loss of fetal movement and


    abscene of fetal heart rate or tone.
    11) Uterine inversion :- Uterus completely or partial turns inside
    out.

    12) Rupture of the uterus :- Complete or partial separation of the


    uterine tissue as a result of a tear in the wall of the uterus from the
    strees of labour.

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