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    1.2 The Heart (Notes)

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    Stella Stary
    The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through three types of blood vessels - arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The heart is divided into two pumps - one that sends blood to the lungs to receive oxygen and one that pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. This is called double circulation.

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    1.2 The Heart (Notes)

    Uploaded by

    Stella Stary
    25 views2 pages
    The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through three types of blood vessels - arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The heart is divided into two pumps - one that sends blood to the lungs to receive oxygen and one that pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. This is called double circulation.

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    1.2 The Heart ( Notes)

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    The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through three types of blood vessels - arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The heart is divided into two pumps - one that sends blood to the lungs to receive oxygen and one that pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. This is called double circulation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views2 pages

    1.2 The Heart (Notes)

    Uploaded by

    Stella Stary
    The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through three types of blood vessels - arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The heart is divided into two pumps - one that sends blood to the lungs to receive oxygen and one that pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. This is called double circulation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    1.

    2 The Heart
    The circulatory system
     The main function is to transport substances such as oxygen,
    food and wastes.
     The circulatory system in humans consists of three main
    parts: (1) a fluid (blood) that transports substances in the
    body; (2) blood vessels that carry the blood; and (3) a heart
    that pumps the blood round the body.
     The heart pumps blood around the body through the blood
    vessels. There are three types of blood vessels: arteries,
    capillaries and veins.
    Arteries pump blood away from the heart to the rest of the
    body. (A good way of remembering this is that both arteries
    and away start with the letter ‘a’.)
    Arteries have a thick muscular wall which contracts and
    forces the blood along. This can be felt as a pulse. They carry
    oxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary artery.
    Capillaries are a network of tiny blood vessels that connect
    the arteries and veins. The capillaries release substances
    such as oxygen and digested food molecules into the cells
    and carry away waste substances such as carbon dioxide
    from cells. They have thin walls.
    Veins carry blood to the heart. Some veins have one-way
    valves to stop blood from flowing backwards. Veins are wider
    than arteries and have thinner walls. They carry de-
    oxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary veins.

    The heart and double circulation


    The heart is really two separate pumps joined together.
     One pump pushes the blood into the lungs. In the lungs,
    oxygen diffuses into the blood through the thin capillary walls
    and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood.
     The oxygenated blood is pumped from the lungs to the left
    side of the heart.
     The other pump takes the oxygenated blood and pumps it,
    under pressure, to other parts of the body through the
    arteries. (Note: all the arteries carry oxygenated blood to the
    body organs except for the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary
    artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
    where the blood is oxygenated.)
    The system of two pumps is called double circulation.
     Deoxygenated blood returns to the right side of the heart.
     Oxygenated blood enters and leaves the left side of the heart.
    In the rest of the body, cells absorb oxygen and food from the
    blood and release carbon dioxide and other wastes into the
    blood.
     In the lungs, blood absorbs oxygen and carbon dioxide
    diffuses out of the blood.

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