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    Conceptual Exercises M&R1: 1 Tutorial 1

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    kai
    This document contains conceptual exercises for physics tutorials involving special relativity. The exercises include: 1) Calculating the relative velocities of three swimmers crossing a river and determining who will reach the shore first. 2) Using Galilean transformations to calculate the relative velocity of two particles observed to fly away from a particle decay experiment in opposite directions at different speeds. 3) Explaining why Newton's laws of motion are invariant under Galilean transformations. The exercises are intended to be completed in small groups during tutorials with discussion.

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    Conceptual Exercises M&R1: 1 Tutorial 1

    Uploaded by

    kai
    36 views3 pages
    This document contains conceptual exercises for physics tutorials involving special relativity. The exercises include: 1) Calculating the relative velocities of three swimmers crossing a river and determining who will reach the shore first. 2) Using Galilean transformations to calculate the relative velocity of two particles observed to fly away from a particle decay experiment in opposite directions at different speeds. 3) Explaining why Newton's laws of motion are invariant under Galilean transformations. The exercises are intended to be completed in small groups during tutorials with discussion.

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    Conceptual exercises for quantum physics

    Original Title

    Conceptual_exercises_M_R1 (1)

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    This document contains conceptual exercises for physics tutorials involving special relativity. The exercises include: 1) Calculating the relative velocities of three swimmers crossing a river and determining who will reach the shore first. 2) Using Galilean transformations to calculate the relative velocity of two particles observed to fly away from a particle decay experiment in opposite directions at different speeds. 3) Explaining why Newton's laws of motion are invariant under Galilean transformations. The exercises are intended to be completed in small groups during tutorials with discussion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    36 views3 pages

    Conceptual Exercises M&R1: 1 Tutorial 1

    Uploaded by

    kai
    This document contains conceptual exercises for physics tutorials involving special relativity. The exercises include: 1) Calculating the relative velocities of three swimmers crossing a river and determining who will reach the shore first. 2) Using Galilean transformations to calculate the relative velocity of two particles observed to fly away from a particle decay experiment in opposite directions at different speeds. 3) Explaining why Newton's laws of motion are invariant under Galilean transformations. The exercises are intended to be completed in small groups during tutorials with discussion.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Conceptual exercises M&R1

    July 2021

    These conceptual questions should be done at the start of a tu-


    torial among small groups of students. Max 25 min including
    discussion. Preferably use a white board (or blackboard). We will
    use flip-over sheets.

    1 Tutorial 1
    Question 1: Suppose three swimmers A, B, and C are crossing a river.

    ~vA ~vB ~vC

    In the diagram, vectors ~vA , ~vB and ~vC represent the speed and the direction
    of swimmers relative to the water, respectively.

    1. Who will be the first to reach the shore?

    2. Draw the relative velocities:

    • ~vAB ≡ ~vB − ~vA ,


    • ~vBC ≡ ~vB − ~vC ,
    • ~vAC ≡ ~vC − ~vA .

    3. Arrange the magnitude of the relative velocities in descending order.

    Question 2: In a certain particle accelerator experiment, two subatomic


    particles A and B are observed to fly away in opposite directions from a
    particle decay. Particle A is observed to travel with a speed of 0.6 c relative
    to the laboratory, and particle B is observed to travel with a speed 0.9 c,

    1
    where c is the speed of light (3.0×108 m/s). For simplicity’s sake, let’s agree
    to take the direction of motion of particle B to define +x direction in both
    the laboratory frame and particle A’s frame. We would like to calculate the
    relative velocity of particles A and B.

    • What object should we choose to be the Home Frame in this problem,


    according to the conventions established in this chapter? What objects
    defines the Other Frame? What object is the object whose velocity
    we want to determine in both frames?

    • Use the Galilean velocity transformation equations to calculate the


    relative velocity of the two particles as a fraction or multiple of c.

    Question 3: Newtons laws of physics are invariant under a Galilean trans-


    formation. Explain why by using F~ = m · ~a. Show that this is invariant
    under a Galilean transformation explicitly.

    2 Tutorial 2
    Question 1: Describe/draw an experiment that would test the radar method
    in a Galilean universe. Argue why the speed of light being constant and the
    same in all reference frames in SR is what causes coordinate time to be
    frame dependent.

    3 Tutorial 3
    Question 1: Consider the following events

    {birth of A. Einstein in Ulm, death of Jacques Albrespic in Tours,


    death of R. Feynman in Los Angeles, birth of Lucy (Australopithecus
    Afarensis)}

    and draw them in a (two-dimensional) spacetime diagram together with

    {explosion of supernova 1987A}.

    Which of the the above events could have been caused by the supernova?
    How about the other way around—which event could have caused the su-
    pernova to explode?
    Hint: You find the relevant dates on en.wikipedia.org and google.com.

    4 Tutorial 4
    Question 1: Suppose you sent a probe to an alien civilisation. On board

    2
    you put a 1m stick and a 1kg ball. Can you explain the SI unit of 1 sec
    using physical laws and experiments that they will have to perform?

    5 Tutorial 5
    Question 1: What if your twin moves away and comes back through a
    wormhole and or in a closed universe? Explain wormhole, explain closed
    universe.

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