Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol

DISCIPLINE & IDEAS IN SOCIAL SCIENCE

Week 3-Day 1
Name : __________________________ Date: _______
Grade and Section : __________________________ Score: ______

Competency: : Explain the major events and its contribution that led to the
emergence of the social science disciplines
Objective : Explain the major events and its contribution that led to the
emergence of Anthropology as Social Science discipline
Topic : Emergence of Anthropology as Social Science discipline
Materials :
Reference : Arthur S. Abulencia, et al. Disciplines and Ideas in the Social
Sciences. Teachers Guide. Pasig City. Deped-BLR.2017
Edition. Pp 10, 16. Reader Guide.pp 6-9.
Copyrights : Classroom use only, DepEd owned.

Concept Notes:
Anthropology refers to the study of humans. As a social science discipline, it
examines all aspects of human life and culture. It seeks to understand human origins
and adaptation, and the diversity of cultures and worldviews.

In corollary, anthropology has been defined as that branch of knowledge which

deals with the scientific study of man, his works, his body, his behavior in values, in
time and space. It is the study of physical, social and cultural development and
behavior of human beings since their appearance on earth.

It traces its roots from natural history. The discovery and contact to new
civilization by European explorers and colonizers lead to curiosity and questions of
who’s these people are, who are their ancestors were, how they are related to the other
people in other places.

The word anthropology itself tells the basic story--from the Greek Anthropos
"human" and logia "study “. It is the study of humankind, from its beginnings millions
of years ago to the present day.

Indeed, of the many disciplines that study our species, only anthropology seeks
to understand the whole panorama--in geographic space and evolutionary time--of
human existence. In short this could be the study of human most specifically the
human culture. There are also known as Anthropological Perspectives. A
fundamental principle of anthropology, that the various parts of culture must be
viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections
and interdependence. Theories about the world and reality based on the assumptions
and values of one’s own culture.

Franz Boas is considered as father of modern Anthropology. However, it was

Edward Burnett Taylor coined first the term “culture”.

Exercise
I. Direction. Write true if the statement is true and false if it is otherwise. Write your
answer in the space before the numbers.
 1. Anthropology came from the Latin word Anthropos and logos.
2. Anthropology is the study of Human biological parts.
3. Anthropology is the study of culture.
4. “Manu kahang naay Seashell ug magkubkub ta?” is an example of
anthropological question.
5. Anthropology is a discipline of Social Science because it studies Law.

II. Essay Writing.

1. Explain how anthropology became a Social Science discipline?
2. How is anthropology related to the study of society?

HUMSS-DISS
Week 3-Day 2

Objective : Explain the events and contributions that led to the

emergence of Economics as Social Science discipline
Concept Notes:
Economics studies the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption
of goods and services. It is derived from the Greek word “oikos” which means
Household and “Nomos” which mean management. Therefore, it is the study of
household management. The term may also refer to the financial aspects of something,
as in “the economics of managing a business.

The two branches of Economics:

1. 1. Microeconomics – concerned with individual markets and small aspects of the
economy.
2. Macroeconomics – concerned with the whole aggregate economy. Issues such
as inflation, economic growth and trade.

Adam Smith was an 18th-century Scottish economist, philosopher, and author

who is considered the FATHER OF MODERN ECONOMICS. Smith argued against
mercantilism and was a major proponent of laissez-faire economic policies. In his first
book, "The Theory of Moral Sentiments," Smith proposed the idea of an invisible
hand—the tendency of free markets to regulate themselves by means of competition,
supply and demand, and self-interest. Became a separate discipline with the
publication of Adams Smith’s The Wealth of Nations in 1776.

Exercises
I. Identification. Write your answer after each statement.
1. Who is considered as the father of Economics?
2. What is the meaning of the Greek word “ Oikos”?
3. What is the study of household management?
4. What branch of Economics deals on the greater Economy?
5. What branch of Economics deals our daily household consumption?

II. Essay
1. How economics became an integral discipline in the study of Social Science?
2. What is the connection of the study of Economics to Social Science?
HUMSS-DISS
Week 3-Day 3

: Illustrate the major events and its contribution that led to

Objective the emergence of Geography as Social Science discipline

Concept Notes:
Geography is the science of place. It is the social science that studies the
distribution and arrangement of all elements of the earth’s surface. Geography studies
not only the surface of the earth but also the location and distribution of its physical
as well as cultural features, the patterns that they form, and the interrelation of these
things as they affect people. It deals especially with the relationship between the
environment of the earth’s surface and humans, which involves both physical and
cultural geographic features.

The two branches of geography:

1. Physical geography a major branch of the science of geography, and it mainly
deals with the study of the natural characteristics of the Earth. It covers both
the ones that are on the Earth’s surface as well as those near it. Physical
geography allows us to chart landmasses, but physical geography is also being
used to see what lies beneath the Earth’s ice caps and oceans. Researchers are
using satellite technology to see the landmass that exists under Antarctica;
additionally, there is work that continues to be done to explore and map the
physical makeup of the land underneath our oceans.
2. Human Geography. This is a main branch in geography and it mainly covers
studies of the human race. This normally involves their backgrounds, how they
interact and the perceptions that they have for various ideologies affecting them.
In addition to this, the discipline also studies the way in which the groups of
people that inhabit the Earth organize themselves in the particular regions that
they inhabit. As a matter of fact, many other branches of geography normally
fall under human geography. Modern applications of human geography can
include mapping human migration, showing the movement of food resources
and how they impact communities, and the impacts climate change can have
on humans living in vulnerable areas.

Five themes of geography:

1. Location- Where is it located?
2. Place. What's it like there?
3. Human-Environment Interaction. What is the relationship between humans
and their environment?
4. Movement- How and why are places connected with one another?
5. Region- How and why is one area similar to another?
No one theme can be understood without the others.

Geography is more than memorizing names and places. Geographers organize

space in much the same way that historians organize time. To help organize space,
geographers are concerned with asking three important questions about things in the
world. The themes are connected with one another, as are all components of our world.
No part of our world can be understood in isolation

Eratosthenes of Cyrene (c. 276 BCE–192 or 194 BCE) was an ancient Greek
mathematician, poet, and astronomer who is known as the Father of Geography.
Eratosthenes was the first person to use the word "geography" and other geographical
terms that are still in use today, and his efforts to calculate the circumference of the
Earth and the distance from the Earth to the Sun paved the way for our modern
understanding of the cosmos. Became academic discipline in Europe during 18th and
19 centuries while many geographic societies were founded in the 19 th century.
 Exercises
I. Identification. Write your answer after each statement.
1. What is the study of Earth’s description.
2. What is the study of Earth’s Surface.
3. What is the study of human race?
II. Determine what theme of geography is described in each of the following
statements:
1. Philippines is west of the Pacific Ocean.
2. Philippines is part of the South East Asia.
3. Philippines is an archipelagic by nature.
III. Essay Writing.
1. What is the connection of the study of Geography to Social Science?
2. How do geographers organize space?

HUMSS-DISS
Week 3-Day 4

Objective : Illustrate the major events and its contribution that led to
the emergence of History as Social Science discipline

Concept Notes
History is a study of the past, principally how it relates to humans. It describes
or narrates and analyzes human activities in the past and the changes that these had
undergone. In its broadest sense, history is the totality of all past events. History deals
also with events which have happened among mankind, including an account of the
rise and fall of nations, as well as of other great changes which have affected the
political and social condition of the human race.
Herodotus is referred to as the Father of History (first by Cicero). He was a Greek
historian who lived in the 5th century BCE. He wrote a book titled The Histories in
which he narrated the Persians wars along with various earlier and contemporary
stories about Greeks and barbarians.
Methods of Creating History
1. POSITIVISM- it embraces human agency in history. It uses sources to provide
the accurate and complete version of the past. It also embraces and empathetic
approach towards people in the past.
2. NARRATIVE CHRONOLOGY -The creation of narratives of the past analysis
plays less role as the role of accidents is most important.
3. BIOGRAPHY HAGIOGRAPHY - The “great man” method which creates
chronological narratives. Often look at the agency of one individual in history.
4. DIALECTS ANALYSIS-These are created which become orthodoxies. New theses
then arrive to challenge these revisionisms and a synthesis is produced from
the old and the new. The synthesis becomes the new thesis or the paradigm and
the process of clashes dialectics repeats.
5. META NARRATIVE TOTAL HISTORY -Works of the Ananales school are
characterized by a multi layered approach these seek to integrate long term,
midterm and short term factors in a ‘’total history’’. There is an effort to explain
large amounts of human history through the application of theory and social
sciences and comparative studies of similar events in desperate places.
6. NEGATIVISM IN HISTORICAL AFFAIRS REJECTS ALL RESOURCES. Rejects
the possibility of empathetic understanding of the past.
Exercise
I. Essay Writing. Answer the questions in brief and concise statement. (10 points each)
1. Explain how History emerged as Social science discipline.
2. In your own opinion, how history is relevant to the Social Science as the
study of the society?