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    Exam Style Answers 31 Asal Physics CB

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    Anshul Shah

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    Exam Style Answers 31 Asal Physics CB

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    Anshul Shah
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    Exam Style Answers 31 Asal Physics Cb

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    Exam Style Answers 31 Asal Physics CB

    Uploaded by

    Anshul Shah

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    of 2

    CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PHYSICS: COURSEBOOK

    Exam-style questions and sample answers have been written by the authors. In examinations, the way marks are awarded
    may be different.

    Coursebook answers
    Chapter 31
    Exam-style questions 5 a 
    Luminosity is the total radiant power
    emitted from a star.[1]
    1 B[1]
    b T
     he total surface area of a red giant is
    2 D (% uncertainty = 2 × 2.5 + 1.2 = 6.2 %)[1]
    much greater (area ∝ radius2).[1]
    c 3.0 × 108
    3 a  λ= = = 4.11 × 10−7 m Therefore, greater power is emitted
    f 7.3 × 1014 (luminosity) even though the power
    ≈ 4.1 × 10−7 m[1] emitted per unit area of its ‘cooler’
    surface is smaller.[1]
    ∆λ v
    b i  = ; therefore, c L = 4πσr2T 4[1]
    λ c
    4.11× 10 −7 × 11× 106 L = 4π × 5.67 × 10−8 × [8.5 × 106]2 × 78004
    
    ∆λ = [1]
    3.0 × 108 [1]
    ∆λ = 1.51 × 10−8 m[1] L = 1.9 × 1023 W[1]
    observed wavelength = (4.11 + 0.151) ×
     lmax = constant (Wien’s displacement
    d i T
    10−7 = 4.26 × 10−7 m ≈ 4.3 × 10−7 m[1]
    law)[1]
    ∆λ v Tested for at least two values (ignore
    ii  = ; therefore,
    λ c powers of ten); for example:
    4.11× 10 −7 × 0.07 × 3.0 × 108 5000 × 580 = 2.9 × 106 (nm K) and
    ∆λ = [1]
    3.0 × 108 4500 × 640 = 2.9 × 106 (nm K)[1]
    ∆λ = 2.88 × 10−8 m[1] ii Tlmax = 2.9 × 106 nm K (allow 2.9 ×
    observed wavelength = (4.11 + 0.288) × 10−3 m K)[1]
    10−7 = 4.40 × 10−7 m ≈ 4.4 × 10−7 m[1] 106
    T = 2.9 × = 7250 K ≈ 7300 K[1]
    400
    c  ll the galaxies are moving away from
    A absolute uncertainty =
    each other.[1] 10
    × 7250 = 180 K[1]
    This is because of the expansion of the 400
    Universe after the Big Bang.[1] T = (7.3 ± 0.2) × 103 K (to 2 sf )[1]
    4 a 
    The recession speed of a galaxy is directly hc 6.63 × 10 −34 × 3.0 × 108
    E=
    6 a  = [1]
    proportional to its distance from us.[1] λ 662 × 10 −9
    energy of photon = 3.00 × 10−19 J[1]
    b gradient = H0[1]
    6.0 × 106 b A
     spectral line is produced by the
    gradient calculated, e.g. H0 = [1] emission of photons of a specific
    2.3 × 1024
    H0 ≈ 2.6 × 10 s [1]
    −18 −1 wavelength.[1]
    c distance = maximum possible time × Photons of definite wavelength are
    speed of light[1] produced when electrons make transitions
    between two specific energy levels.[1]
    distance = 14 × 109 × 3.15 × 107 × 3.0 × 108
    [1]
    distance = 1.3 × 1026 m (or 14 billion
    light-years)[1]

    Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics – Sang, Jones, Chadha & Woodside
    1 © Cambridge University Press 2020
    CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PHYSICS: COURSEBOOK

    ∆λ v 7 a 
    Radiant flux intensity is the radiant power
    c i  = [1] transmitted normally through a surface
    λ c
    per unit area.[1]
    [662 − 656]× 3.0 ×108
    v = [1]  ∝ d12 (inverse square law relationship)
    b F
    656
    v = 2.7 × 106 m s−1[1] [1]
    1400
    ii It must be travelling away from us.[1] c F at Neptune’s position is equal to 302
    [1]
    d A
     ccording to Hubble’s law, more F = 1.56 W m [1] −2

    distant galaxies travel faster.[1] power = 1.56 × area = 1.56 × 1.0 × 10−4 =
    1.56 × 10−4 W ≈ 0.16 mW[1]
    Therefore, the wavelength is redshifted
    more; the observed wavelength would be
    greater (than 662 nm).[1]

    Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics – Sang, Jones, Chadha & Woodside
    2 © Cambridge University Press 2020

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