9

Health
Quarter 3 - Module 2
Explaining the Principles
of Wound Dressing
Health – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 2: Explaining the Principles of Wound Dressing.
First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education- Region III

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/Illustrator/Lay- Out artist/Editor:

Russel E. Lumidao
Jason O. Cabanilla
Russel E. Lumidao, Marlon S. Caluag
Diana Rose D. Bulaong, Rael E. Buluran
Maria Luisa A. Manoloto, Julie Ann J. Magno

Content Evaluator : Ferdinand S. Aldaba

Language Evaluator : Ferdinand S. Aldaba
Lay-out Evaluator : Ferdinand S. Aldaba
Management Team : Gregorio C. Quinto
Rainelda M. Blanco
Agnes R. Bernardo
Marquez T. Cartel
Glenda S. Constantino
Joannarie C. Garcia

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education--- Schools Division of Bulacan

Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 9

Health
Quarter 3 - Module 2
Explaining the Principles
of Wound Dressing
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module encourages you to explain the principles of wound

dressing and to demonstrate appropriate bandaging techniques for
unintentional injuries. Various activities are provided for you to perform to
strengthen your knowledge and skills regarding the topic.

Learning Competency:
1. Explain the principles of wound dressing. (H9IS-IIIc.d- 29)
At the end of the module, you are expected to:

a. Discuss the purpose of dressing and bandages;

b. Demonstrate proper procedures in applying a dressing;
c. Exhibit appropriate bandaging techniques for unintentional
injuries; and
d. Recognize the significance of being equipped with knowledge of
wound dressing and bandaging.

What I Know
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the answer that corresponds
to the given statement. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

______1. It is used to reduce swelling and relieve pain, especially used for sprains
and strains.
A. Cold Compress C. Plaster
B. Dressing D. Splint

______2. It is an injury to the ligaments due to overstretching or sudden movement.

A. Dislocation C. Sprain
B. Fracture D. Strain

______3. It is the break in the continuity of tissue in the body.

A. Burn C. Strain
B. Fracture D. Wound

______4. It is a sterile cloth used to cover wounds.

A. Cold Compress C. Plaster
B. Gauze Dressing D. Splint

______5. A condition in which bones are partially or completely pulled out from its
position.
A. Dislocation C. Sprain
B. Fracture D. Strain

1
______6. It is a piercing wound caused by nails, needles, and other pointed objects.
A. Abrasion C. Laceration
B. Incision D. Puncture

______7. It is an injury to the muscles and tendons due to overstretching or sudden

movement.
A. Dislocation C. Sprain
B. Fracture D. Strain

______8. It is a cut caused by a knife, broken glass, or any sharp object.

A. Abrasion C. Laceration
B. Incision D. Puncture

______9. It is any damage in the body which is caused by accidents.

A. Emergency C. Injury
B. First Aid D. Symptom

______10. It is a forcible tearing or partial tearing away of tissues.

A. Abrasion C. Incision
B. Avulsion D. Laceration

______11. All of the following are the purpose of bandaging, EXCEPT:

A. Covering wounds and burns
B. Providing support for the immobilization of broken bones
C. To apply pressure to a bleeding
D. To cut off blood circulation

______12. All of the following are types of bandages, EXCEPT:

A. Ace C. Triangular
B. Square D. Tubular

______13. It is caused by rubbing or scraping the skin against a rough surface.

A. Abrasion C. Laceration
B. Incision D. Puncture

______14. It is characterized by a break or crack in the bones.

A. Dislocation C. Sprain
B. Fracture D. Strain

______15. A blunt breaking or tearing of soft tissues usually resulting from mishandling
tools and other accidents.
A. Abrasion C. Laceration
B. Incision D. Puncture

2
\ What’s In
Activity: FILL ME OUT!

Directions: Copy the crossword puzzle on a separate sheet of paper and answer using
the clues provided.
1 2 3
E N Y
M
S
4 5
G I M
G
6
M
A
7
M 8 E E C
O
L O
S I

9
N E

ACROSS

1. A survey which is used when the victim is conscious or has revived. It aims to detect
everything about the patient’s condition.
4. These details are discovered by applying your senses – sight, touch, hearing, and
smell during the course of the examination.
5. A survey which is used when the victim is unconscious and to find out and
immediately life-threatening condition.
7. A vital sign that is measured using a thermometer.
9. These are used to apply pressure to bleeding; for covering wounds and burns.

DOWN

2. A vital sign is checked by counting the number of breaths per minute.

3. An unforeseen combination of circumstances or the resulting state that calls for
immediate action.
4. These are sensations that the victim feels or experiences and may be able to describe.
6. It is a sterile cloth used to cover wounds.
8. A vital sign that is checked using different points in the body by feeling the pressure
wave of the blood that causes the vessel to expand.

3
 What’s New
Activity: Text Twisters!
Directions: Arrange the letters for each item to identify the word/s using the given hint.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

____________ 1. D U N O W
I
Hint: It is a break in the continuity of tissue in the body.

____________ 2. P A R I N S

Hint: It is an injury to the ligaments due to overstretching.

____________ 3. G N O C H I K

Hint: It results when a foreign object blocks the throat.

____________ 4. G A N D A B E S
R R
Hint: These are used to apply pressure to bleeding; for covering
wounds and burns.

_____________ 5. D O L C S E M P R O C S

Hint: It is used to reduce swelling and relieve pain, especially used

for sprains and strains.
____________ 6. S I L O D I C O N T A
Hint: A condition in which bones are partially or completely pulled
out from their position.
____________ 7. R A N I T S
Hint: It is an injury to the muscles and tendons due to
overstretching.
____________ 8. G E N E R C Y M E
D
Hint: An unforeseen combination of circumstances or the resulting
state that calls for immediate action.
____________ 9. T R A C E R U F

Hint: It is characterized by a break or crack in the bones.

_____________ 10. J R I Y U N

Hint: Any damage in the body which is caused by accidents.

4
 What is It

Principle of Wound Dressing

In this module, you shall discover and learn the principles and proper
procedures of a wound dressing. You will also have the chance to be familiar with
appropriate bandaging techniques for unintentional injuries.
Wound

A wound is a break in the continuity of tissue in the body. It may be closed in

which there is no breakage or damage to the skin. A wound may also be an open
wound in which there is a break in the skin. Contusion is a region of injured tissue or
skin in which blood capillaries have been ruptured; a bruise.
Kinds of Open Wounds

PUNCTURE ABRASION INCISION LACERATION AVULSION

1. Puncture is a piercing wound caused by nails, needles, and other pointed objects.
2. Abrasion is caused by rubbing or scraping the skin against a rough surface.
3. Incision is a cut caused by a knife, broken glass, or any sharp object.
4. Laceration is a blunt breaking or tearing of soft tissues usually resulting from
mishandling tools and other accidents.
5. Avulsion is a forcible tearing or partial tearing away of tissues.

How to Manage Wounds:

A. For the management of wound, we use the mnemonic RICE.

Resting the injured part
Ice application
Compression (It limits swelling and prevents blood clots.)
Elevation (It is the simplest way to decrease tissue swelling around the wound.)

5
 B. First Aid for Open Wounds with Severe Bleeding
1. Wear gloves and remove or cut clothing as necessary to expose the wound.
2. Control bleeding by applying direct pressure.
3. Elevate the injured part above the heart except for eye injury and wounds
with an embedded object.
4. Cover the wound with sterile dressing and bandage.
5. Care for the shock.
6. Consult a physician immediately.

GAUZE DRESSING
A gauze dressing is a piece of sterile that covers a wound to prevent infection
and/or to stop bleeding.
Techniques in Applying a Gauze Dressing

1. Wash hands and wear gloves, if possible.

2. Unwrap the dressing as close to the wound as possible. Be sure not to touch
the wound.
3. Skin is not sterile. If the dressing slips over the victim’s skin while you are trying
to position it, discard and use a fresh one.
4. Place the dressing over the wound.
5. Use a dressing that is large enough to extend at least 1 inch beyond the edges
of the wound.
6. If body tissue or organs are exposed, cover the wound with a dressing that will
stick.
7. Secure the dressing with a bandage or adhesive tape.

Cold compress is used to reduce swelling and relieve pain, especially used for
sprains and strains. Cold packs can be used as a cold compress. Hot compress is
also used to allow normal blood circulation. Cold and hot compress are applied
alternately for closed wounds or contusions.

BANDAGES

Bandages are used to apply pressure to bleeding; cover wounds and burns;
and provide support for immobilization for broken bones, sprains, and strains.
Three Main Types of Bandages
1. A triangular bandage is made from cloth
and can be used as a cold compress, padding,
support for pressure, or support sling.
2. Ace bandage secures dressings in place.
3. A tubular bandage is used to support joints
or hold dressings in place. The small tubular
TRIANGULAR ACE TUBULAR
bandage is used for finger injuries.

6
Types of Bandaging

Open Phase
An open phase bandaging is used for wounds on the top and back of the head,
chest, back, hand, and foot, and an arm sling.

Cravat Phase
A cravat phase bandaging is used for wounds that need extra support like a
wound on the eye, forehead, ear, cheek, jaw, shoulder, hip, arm, leg, elbow, knee,
and palm and for a sprained ankle. The narrower the cravat is, the greater pressure it
will give.

Techniques in Bandaging

1. Keep in mind the following techniques in bandaging:

a. Always use a square knot.

b. Keep the cloth sterile to avoid infection.

c. Always keep the ends.
2. Bandaging technique depends upon the size and location of the wound, your first
aid skills, and materials at hand.
3. Bandage firmly over bleeding and securely over the broken bone, not so tight so
as not to cut off blood circulation.
4. When wrapping bandages around the body, such as knees, ankles, neck, and
small back, use its natural hollows to slide the bandage gently into place.
5. Since most injuries swell, check regularly to ensure that the bandage is still
comfortable and that it remains firmly secured.
6. Secure the bandage with tape, clips, or a bow or square knot. Ensure that the
bandages, especially the knots, do not touch the skin.

7
Unintentional Injuries
These are damages in the body that are caused by unintentional
circumstances or accidents.

1. Fracture – a break or crack in a bone. An

open fracture pierces the skin surface Closed Open
while in a closed fracture the skin above is
intact.

2. Dislocation – is a partial or complete

displacement of the bone.

Sprain – It is an injury to the ligaments Ligaments

3. Muscles
due to overstretching or sudden
movement.
Strain – It is an injury to the muscles and
tendons due to overstretching.
SPRAIN STRAIN

4. Heat Exhaustion – It is caused by loss of

salt and water due to excessive-high
temperature.

5. Food Poisoning – It is caused by

consuming food or drink that is contaminated
by bacteria or viruses.

6. Choking – It results when a foreign object

blocks the throat.

7. Drowning – It happens when air cannot get

into the lungs because of water.

8
 8 Heart Attack – It is caused by sudden
obstruction of blood supply to the part of the
heart.

Burns – are often due to domestic incidents

such as touching a hot iron, friction (rope
9. burn), or spilling boiling water.
Chemical burn – may occur when electricity
passes the body.

10. Stroke – It is a condition in which the blood Blood Clot

supply to the part of the brain is suddenly and
seriously impaired by a blot clot or ruptured
blood vessels.
Heat Stroke – is caused by a failure of the
“thermostat” in the brain to regulate body
temperature. Blood unable to pass

Refer to the illustrations for proper bandaging of body parts.

Head
Arm
Thigh
Feet

Elbow
Hand

Hip Knee

Chest

9
 What’s More

Independent Activity 1: What am I?

Directions: Match the different kinds of open wounds in Column A to their

corresponding definition in Column B. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
___ 1. Puncture A. It is a cut caused by a knife, broken glass,
or any sharp object.
___ 2. Abrasion B. It is a piercing wound caused by nails,
needles, and other pointed objects.
___ 3. Incision C. It is a forcible tearing or partial tearing away
of tissues.
___ 4. Laceration D. It is a blunt breaking or tearing of soft
tissues usually resulting from mishandling
tools and other accidents.
___ 5. Avulsion E. It is caused by rubbing or scraping the skin
against a rough surface.

Independent Assessment 1: FACT or BLUFF!

Directions: Write FACT if the following statement is true and BLUFF if it is false. Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

___ 1. Bandages are used to apply pressure to bleeding; cover wounds and
burns; and provide support for immobilization for broken bones,
sprains, and strains.
___ 2. An open wound can be determined if there is no break or damage
to the skin.
___ 3. A dressing is a piece of sterile that covers a wound to prevent
infection and/or to stop bleeding.
___ 4. Cold compress is also used to allow normal blood circulation.
___ 5. The different kinds of open wounds are incision, laceration,
dislocation, avulsion, abrasion, and puncture.

10
Independent Activity 2: Arrange Me!

Directions: Arrange the proper procedures of applying a dressing. Write numbers 1- 7

to indicate the appropriate sequence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

___ 1. Secure the dressing with a bandage or adhesive tape.

___ 2. Use a dressing that is large enough to extend at least 1 inch
beyond the edges of the wound.
___ 3. Skin is not sterile. If the dressing slips over the victim’s skin while
you are trying to position it, discard and use a fresh one.
___ 4. Wash hands and wear gloves, if possible.
___ 5. If body tissue or organs are exposed, cover the wound with a
dressing that will stick.
___ 6. Place the dressing over the wound.
___ 7. Unwrap the dressing as close to the wound as possible. Be sure
not to touch the wound.

Independent Assessment 2: Choose Me!

Directions: Below are the different words that are related to the principle of dressing.
Read the sentence carefully. Choose your answer from the pool of words below and
write it on a separate sheet of paper.

Contusion Consultation Compression

Elevation Sterilization

_______________ 1. It is a process of cleaning and disinfecting the wound

to avoid infection.
_______________ 2. It is the simplest way to decrease tissue swelling
around the wound.
_______________ 3. It is a region of injured tissue or skin in which blood
capillaries have been ruptured; a bruise.
_______________ 4. It limits swelling and prevents blood clots.
_______________ 5. It is seeking medical advice from a professional.

11
Independent Activity 3: Wounds and Bandaging!

Directions: Choose the letter of the pictures below that corresponds to the correct type
of bandaging for the specified injury. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

A B C

D E

______1. A puncture on a foot

______2. A laceration on the arm
______3. An incision on the head
______4. An abrasion on the leg
______5. An avulsion on the hand

Independent Assessment 3: Pick Me Out!

Directions: Read the following statement and identify the unintentional injury being described.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is caused by loss of salt and water due to excessive-high temperature.

( Burn, Choking, Heat Exhaustion )
2. It results when a foreign object blocks the throat.
( Choking, Drowning, Food Poisoning )
3. It happens when air cannot get into the lungs because of water.
( Burn, Choking, Drowning)
4. These are often due to domestic incidents such as touching a hot iron, friction
(rope burn), or spilling boiling water.
( Burn, Drowning, Food Poisoning )
5. It is caused by consuming food or drink that is contaminated by bacteria or viruses.
( Drowning, Food Poisoning, Heat Exhaustion )

12
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Answer the following questions briefly:

a. Why it is important that you are aware of proper dressing and bandaging?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
b. Why it is necessary to apply proper techniques on applying dressing and bandaging?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
c. Why is there a need to learn different unintentional injuries?
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Speak Up!

Assume that you are an officer of the Disaster and Response Team (DART) in
your school, how would you raise awareness to your classmate about the importance
of being equipped with knowledge regarding proper wound dressing and bandaging.
Create a paragraph with 5 - 8 sentences to state your viewpoint.

Rubrics
Needs
Excellent Satisfactory Improvement
Criteria
(5 points) (3 points) (1 point)

Relevance and Presents the idea Presents the idea Presents the idea
Content and concept and concept and concept
connected to the connected to the connected to the
theme given in an theme given in an theme given in an
excellent method. excellent method. excellent method.
The message is also The message is also The message is not
positive convincing, positive convincing positive convincing,
and encouraging but is not nor encouraging.
encouraging

Organization The idea and The idea and The idea and
concept are concept are concept are
organized and organized and organized and
presented clearly. presented clearly. presented clearly.

Mechanics Sentences, ideas, Sentences, ideas, Sentences, ideas,

and concepts are and concepts have and concepts have
free from errors. minimal errors. many errors.

13
 Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the answer that corresponds
to the given statement. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

______1. It is the kind of knot tying that is used in bandaging.

A. Bowline Knot C. Figure 8 Knot
B. Clove Hitch D. Square Knot

______2. All of the following are the purpose of dressing, EXCEPT:

A. It covers and protects the wound.
B. It prevents infection or microbial contamination.
C. It promotes wound trauma.
D. It stops bleeding and supports healing.

______3. It is the simplest way to decrease tissue swelling around the wound.
A. Consultation C. Elevation
B. Compression D. Sterilization

______4. It is caused by sudden obstruction of blood supply to the part of the heart.
A. Drowning C. Heat Exhaustion
B. Heart Attack D. Stroke

______5. It results when a foreign object blocks the throat.

A. Choking C. Food Poisoning
B. Drowning D. Heat Exhaustion

______6. It is a process of cleaning and disinfecting the wound to avoid infection.

A. Consultation C. Elevation
B. Compression D. Sterilization

______7. All of the following are parts of the body where Cravat Phase Bandaging
can be used, EXCEPT:
A. Forehead C. Jaw
B. Hip D. Foot

______8. It is seeking medical advice from a professional.

A. Consultation C. Elevation
B. Compression D. Sterilization

______9. It is used to apply pressure to bleeding; cover wounds and burns.

A. Adhesive Tape C. Plaster
B. Dressing D. Splint

______10. It happens when air cannot get into the lungs because of water.
A. Choking C. Food Poisoning
B. Drowning D. Heat Exhaustion

14
______11. All of the following are the example of open wound, EXCEPT:
A. Abrasion C. Incision
B. Dislocation D. Laceration

______12. It is a condition in which the blood supply to the part of the brain is suddenly
and seriously impaired by a blot clot or ruptured blood vessels.
A. Drowning C. Heat Exhaustion
B. Heart Attack D. Stroke

______13. It limits swelling and prevents blood clots.

A. Consultation C. Elevation
B. Compression D. Sterilization

______14. All of the following are parts of the body where Open Phase Bandaging
can be used, EXCEPT:
A. Arm C. Chest
B. Cheek D. Back

______15. It is caused by consuming food or drink that is contaminated by bacteria or

viruses.
A. Choking C. Food Poisoning
B. Drowning D. Heat Exhaustion

Additional Activities
Reflection Journal

Directions: Reflect on the lessons you have gained in this module about the principles
of wound dressing and bandaging. You may include your most significant learning and
its impact on you as a learner. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Rubrics:
5 – Demonstrates well-developed ability to reflect ideas and significant
learnings about the principles of wound dressing and bandaging.
4 – Demonstrates considerable ability to reflect ideas and significant learnings
about the principles of wound dressing and bandaging.
3 – Demonstrates some ability to reflect ideas and significant learnings about
the principles of wound dressing and bandaging.
2 – Demonstrate limited ability to reflect ideas and significant learnings about
the principles of wound dressing and bandaging.
1 – Needs improvement in the ability to reflect ideas and significant learnings
about the principles of wound dressing and bandaging.

15
 16
What I Know
1. A 6. D 11. D
2. C 7. D 12. B
3. D 8. B 13. A
4. B 9. C 14. B
5. A 10. B 15. C
What’s In
ACROSS DOWN
1. Secondary 2. Respiration
4. Signs 3. Emergency
5. Primary 4. Symptoms
7. Temperature 6. Dressing
9. Bandages 8. Pulse
What’s New
1. Wound 6. Dislocation
2. Sprain 7. Strain
3. Choking 8. Emergency
4. Bandages 9. Fracture
5. Cold Compress 10. Injury
What’s More
Independent Activity 1 Independent Activity 1
1. B 1. FACT
2. E 2. BLUFF
3. A 3. FACT
4. D 4. BLUFF
5. C 5. BLUFF
Independent Activity 2 Independent Assessment 2
1. 4 6. 5 1. Sterilization
2. 7 7. 1 2. Elevation
3. 3 3. Contusion
4. 6 4. Compression
5. 2 5. Consultation
Independent Activity 3 Independent Assessment 3
1. E 1. Heat Exhaustion
2. D 2. Choking
3. A 3. Drowning
4. B 4. Burn
5. C 5. Food Poisoning
Assessment
1. D 6. D 11. B
2. C 7. D 12. D
3. C 8. A 13. B
4. B 9. B 14. B
5. A 10. B 15. C
Answer Key
 References

A. Books

Department of Education. 2013. Physical Education and Health 8 Learners Module.

Pasig City, Philippines: Vicarish Publication and Trading Inc .

B. Electronic Sources

Daniel, Stephen, “Wound Care Can Make All the Difference”, Last modified September 30,
2008,https://cchealth.org/column/healthy_outlook_sep30_2008.php#:~:text=The%20simple
st%20way%20to%20decrease,person%20should%20lie%20face%20down.

Holand, Kimberly, “Is It a Sprain or a Strain? Tips for Identification”, Last modified March 20,
2017, https://www.healthline.com/health/sprain-vs-strain

Merriam-Webster. s.v. "emergency (noun)." Accessed January 20, 2021.

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/emergency

Oxford languages. s.v. "contusion (noun)." Accessed January 20, 2021.

https://www.google.com/search?q=contusion&source=lmns&bih=969&biw=1903&hl=en&sa
=X&ved=2ahUKEwjK95HS58LuAhXQAKYKHbQ3CaEQ_AUoAHoECAEQAA

17
 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

18