UNIMETA XVIII ENGLISH DAY 70’S

CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA

DEL META

CENTRO DE IDIOMAS

ENGLISH DAY 19TH

MAY 14TH – 15TH, 2021

Tabla de contenido

1. COST OF LIVING 4
2. 70’S MUSIC 4
2.1 DISCO AND DANCE 5
2.2 PROGRESSIVE ROCK 5
2.3 FUNK AND SOUL MUSIC 6
2.4 Popular Songs By Year in the ‘70s 6
3. Technology In The ‘70s 7
Apple 7
3.1 NASA 8
3.2 The computer video 8
4. SPORTS 9
4.1 FIFA World Cup 9
5. Movies and entertainment in the 70’s 15
5.1 The Home Video Revolution: 16
The home video revolution: A Short History 16
  

The 1970s were a tumultuous time. In some ways, the decade was a continuation of
the 1960s. Women, African Americans, Native Americans, gays and lesbians and
other marginalized people continued their fight for equality, and many Americans
joined the protest against the ongoing war in Vietnam. In other ways, however, the
decade was a repudiation of the 1960s. A “New Right” mobilized in defense of
political conservatism and traditional family roles, and the behavior of President
Richard Nixon undermined many people’s faith in the good intentions of the federal
government. By the end of the decade, these divisions and disappointments had set a
tone for public life that many would argue is still with us today. 

1. COST OF LIVING
 Two deaths rocked the music world in 1970. On September 18, mercurial guitarist
2. 70’S MUSIC Jimi Hendrix was found dead in London. Less than a month later,
on October 4, Janis Joplin died in Hollywood. The dream of peace and love held so
dearly by the hippies of the sixties seemed to be vanishing before their very eyes.

 Enormous music festivals like Woodstock disappeared as quickly as they arrived,

2.1 DISCO AND DANCE
due to the inherent danger of attending. Riots, drugs, and violent crowds caused
many potentially legendary festivals to be cancelled.

Among the popular artists in the 1970 year were Elton John, who arrived from
England and the Jackson Five, hailing from “Motown” AKA Detroit, Michigan.
Ranging from 12-19 years old, the Jackson 5, featuring 12-year-old Michael Jackson,
captured imaginations across the country. Diana Ross left the Supremes for solo
fame. Neil Diamond, hit it big with “Cracklin’ Rosie” while Simon and Garfunkel
If ever a musical style defined a decade, Disco was the definition of the 1970s.
impressed audiences with “Bridge Over Troubled Waters.”
Although its popularity was relatively short-lived, the genre hosted a great deal of
Johnny Cash won two Grammy awards for his song, “A Boy Named Sue.” Hard-
songs and artists that people are still dancing to today and had a large influence on
rock group Three Dog Night ranked high on the national best-seller list. Elvis
the fashions of the decade, too. Van McCoy's "The Hustle" has often been referred to
reappeared in concert, after making nearly 30 movies in the 1960s. Burt Bacharach
as the definitive disco track and many people say it was the first disco song created.
gained new popularity with songs for TV and concerts.
Gloria Gaynor also enjoyed disco popularity with her anthem "I Will Survive." The
1970 marked the end of an era. The Beatles dissolved, suffering internal conflicts.
Bee Gees also helped to define the disco genre with their hit "Jive Talkin'" and their
Each went their separate ways appearing on solo albums. Arguably the world’s most
blockbuster "Stayin' Alive" is often synonymous with the disco musical era. The
famous group of all time was no more. The pop and rock music world, which The
Village People’s "YMCA" and "Macho Man" also helped to add to the popularity of
Beatles had forever changed, would never be the same.
this style of music. This style of music became so popular that well respected artists
Louis Armstrong recovered from illness to throw a famous birthday bash on his
like Rod Stewart and Diana Ross jumped on the bandwagon by adding Disco
“70th birthday” on July 4, 1970. It wasn’t known until the 1980s that his true
elements to their new music or creating their own disco albums. Unfortunately, it did
birthday was on August 4, 1901. When he died in 1971, he was actually only 69
not take long for the public to see disco's silliness and commercialization - something
years old.
that they had just rebelled against a few years earlier. Its lack of attention to musical
A statue was planned to be erected in Armstrong’s birthplace of New Orleans.
significance helped add to its downfall after only a short time of popularity. When
Incredible jazz-only festivals were staged in Monterey and Newport.
disco fell from grace, it fell fast, and many radio stations held public events
dedicated to ridding the world of disco music with symbolic album burnings. Youths also used a variety of genres to create their one-of-a-kind sound,
rebelled against the genre as well and it was not uncommon to see a few music fans including blues, jazz, rock, and classical music. Other bands that
sporting "Disco Sucks" T-shirts. became popular in the progressive rock genre included Rush, Queen,
 

Grand Funk Railroad, Kansas, and Electric Light Orchestra.

2.2 PROGRESSIVE ROCK

Progressive rock was another popular genre during the 1970s. This
type of music was typically characterized by rock music combined
with another genre, such as classical or opera, to create a hybrid genre.
Songs from this genre were often longer and bands tended to be more
spontaneous and experimental while they were playing live. Many 2.3 FUNK AND SOUL MUSIC
progressive rock albums were also concept albums, meaning that they
followed a theme throughout the entire album or series of albums. The
band Pink Floyd were known for their concept albums and were
considered some of the best in the genre. Their concept album – The
Wall – was a psychedelic album that explored the loneliness that one
feels due to the metaphorical walls that they build up around them.
This 1979 album used philosophical lyrics and a variety of musical
styles throughout the songs to exhibit the message that they were
trying to get across to the listeners. Jethro Tull was another British
rock band that also created concept albums for their audience. They
had a unique vocal style combined with the dreamlike sound of a flute Funk music came out of the R&B, Jazz and Soul music of the late 1960s after
to help the listener immerse themselves into the songs that are being artists added more beats and psychedelic tones to their songs. This genre saw
played. Their "Thick as a Brick" album was composed of essentially the height of its popularity encompass the 1970s with artists like James
one track on two side of the album. This track consisted of repeating Brown, Parliament-Funkadelic, Sly and the Family Stone and Kool and the
themes and movements that helped to mesmerize the listener. They Gang dominating the music charts. Funk was known for its danceable beats,
strange costumes, outrageous personalities and often socially conscious
lyrics. James Brown, "the hardest working man in show business", is often
thought of as the creator of funk music and his 1967 album Cold Sweat is
thought to feature some of the first main stream funk songs. Brown
developed the funk sound into the 1970s and paved the way for many of the
other popular funk groups like Sly and the Family Stone to make it big in the
decade. Funk music was known to have no boundaries with psychedelic
sounds coming from the likes of George Clinton and his ragtag gang of
freaky musicians in Parliament to a more soulful and smooth yet funky sound
coming from Rufus and Chaka Khan. In the middle of the seventies many
artists, including James Brown and the group Earth, Wind and Fire, added
some elements of the popular disco genre to their funk albums and saw even
greater mass
appeal.

2.4 Popular Songs By Year in the ‘70s

Popular songs from the Seventies Decade, arranged by year but in no
particular order. Do you remember listening to these songs on the
radio?

 
 for the parts and he replied, "I have this purchase order from the Byte Shop chain of
3. Technology In The ‘70s computer stores for 50 of my computers and the payment terms are COD. If you give
Apple me the parts on net 30-day terms I can build and deliver the computers in that time
frame, collect my money from Terrell at the Byte Shop and pay you."
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak create the Apple Computer Company The credit manager called Paul Terrell, who was attending an IEEE computer
conference at Asilomar in Pacific Grove and verified the validity of the purchase
order. Amazed at the tenacity of Jobs, Terrell assured the credit manager if the
computers showed up in his stores, Jobs would be paid and would have more than
 
enough money to pay for the parts order. The two Steves and their small crew spent
day and night building and testing the computers, and delivered to Terrell on time to
pay his suppliers. Terrell was surprised when Jobs delivered him a batch of
assembled circuit boards, as he had expected complete computers with a case,
monitor and keyboard. Nonetheless, Terrell kept his word and paid the two Steves
the money he had promised them.
The Apple I went on sale in July 1976 as an assembled circuit board with a retail
price of $666.66. Wozniak later said he had no idea about the relation between the
number and the mark of the beast, and that he came up with the price because he
On April 1, 1976, Apple Computer Company was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve liked "repeating digits". Eventually, about 200 units of the Apple I were sold.
Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne. The company was registered as a California business The Apple I computer had a few notable features. One was the use of a TV as the
partnership. Wayne, who worked at Atari as a chief draftsman, agreed to become a display system, whereas many machines had no display at all. This was not like the
co-founder of the company in return for a 10% stake. However, Wayne was displays of later machines, however; the text was displayed at 60 characters per
somewhat gun-shy due to the failure of his own venture four years earlier. On April second. However, this was still faster than the teleprinters used on contemporary
12, less than two weeks after the company's formation, Wayne left Apple, selling his machines of that era. The Apple I also included bootstrap code on ROM, which made
10% share back to the two Steves for only $800 and leaving them as the active it easier to start up. Finally, at the insistence of Paul Terrell, Wozniak also designed a
primary co-founders. cassette interface for loading and saving programs, at the then-rapid pace of 1200
According to Wozniak, Jobs proposed the name “Apple Computer” when he had just bit/s. Although the machine was fairly simple, it was nevertheless a masterpiece of
come back from Robert Friedland's All-One Farm in Oregon. Jobs told Walter design, using far fewer parts than anything in its class, and quickly earning Wozniak
Isaacson that he was "on one of my fruitarian diets," when he conceived of the name a reputation as a master designer.
and thought "it sounded fun, spirited and not intimidating ... plus, it would get us Encouraged by the success of the Apple I, Jobs started looking for investments to
ahead of Atari in the phone book." further expand the business, but banks were reluctant to lend him money; the idea of
Soon after the company was formed, the two Steves made one last trip to the a computer for ordinary people seemed absurd at the time. In August 1976, Jobs
Homebrew Computer Club and demonstrated the finished version of the Apple I. approached his former boss at Atari, Nolan Bushnell, who recommended that he
Paul Terrell, who operated a computer store chain named the Byte Shop, was in meet with Don Valentine, the founder of Sequoia Capital. Valentine was not
attendance, and became impressed with the machine. He handed the two Steves his interested in funding Apple, but in turn introduced Jobs to Mike Markkula, a
card, and told them to "keep in touch." The following day, Jobs dropped in on Terrell millionaire who had worked under him at Fairchild Semiconductor. Markkula, unlike
at the Byte Shop store in Mountain View, and tried to sell him the bare circuit boards Valentine, saw great potential in the two Steves, and decided to become an angel
for the Apple I. Terrell told Jobs that he was interested in purchasing the machine, investor of their company. He invested $92,000 in Apple out of his own property
but only if it came fully assembled, saying he would order 50 assembled computers while securing a $250,000 (equivalent to $1,120,000 in 2019) line of credit from
and pay US$500 each on delivery (equivalent to $2,200 in 2019). Jobs then took the Bank of America. In return for his investment, Markkula received a one-third stake
purchase order that he had been given from the Byte Shop to Cramer Electronics, a in Apple. With the help of Markkula, Apple Computer, Inc. was incorporated on
national electronic parts distributor, and ordered the components he needed to January 3, 1977. The new corporation bought out the old partnership the two Steves
assemble the Apple I. The local credit manager asked Jobs how he was going to pay formed nine months earlier.
In February 1977, Markkula recruited Michael Scott from National Semiconductor to
serve as the first president and CEO of Apple Computer, as Jobs and Wozniak were
both insufficiently experienced and he was not interested in taking that position
himself. That same month, Wozniak resigned from his job at Hewlett-Packard to
work full-time for Apple.

3.2 The computer video game

3.1 NASA 3.2 The computer

Nasa introduces the first space shuttle, the Enterprise. video
On September 17, 1976, NASA publicly unveils its first space shuttle, the Enterprise, Space Invaders is a 1978 shoot 'em
during a ceremony in Palmdale, California. Development of the aircraft-like up arcade game developed by
spacecraft cost almost $10 billion and took nearly a decade. In 1977, the Enterprise Tomohiro Nishikado. It was
became the first space shuttle to fly freely when it was lifted to a height of 25,000
manufactured and sold by Taito in
feet by a Boeing 747 airplane and then released, gliding back to Edwards Air Force
Base on its own accord. Japan, and licensed by the Midway
division of Bally for overseas
distribution. Within the shooter game
genre, Space Invaders was the first
fixed shooter and set the template for
the shoot 'em up genre. The goal is to
defeat wave after wave of descending
aliens with a horizontally moving
laser to earn as many points as
possible.Space Invaders is considered
one of the most influential video
games of all time. It helped expand
the video game industry from a
novelty to a global industry, and
ushered in the golden age of arcade video games. It was the inspiration for
numerous video games and game designers across different genres, and has
been ported and re-released in various forms. The 1980 Atari VCS version On July 25, 1978, Louise Joy Brown, the world’s first baby to be conceived
quadrupled sales of the VCS, thereby becoming the first killer app for video via in vitro fertilization (IVF) is born at Oldham and District General
game consoles. More broadly, the pixelated enemy alien has become a pop Hospital in Manchester, England, to parents Lesley and Peter Brown. The
culture icon, often representing video games as a whole. healthy baby was delivered shortly before midnight by caesarean section and
weighed in at five pounds, 12 ounces.
Before giving birth to Louise, Lesley Brown had suffered years of infertility
due to blocked fallopian tubes. In November 1977, she underwent the then-
experimental IVF procedure. A mature egg was removed from one of her
ovaries and combined in a laboratory dish with her husband’s sperm to form
an embryo. The embryo then was implanted into her uterus a few days later.
Her IVF doctors, British gynecologist Patrick Steptoe and scientist Robert
Edwards, had begun their pioneering collaboration a decade earlier. Once the
media learned of the pregnancy, the Browns faced intense public scrutiny.
Louise’s birth made headlines around the world and raised various legal and
ethical questions.
The Browns had a second daughter, Natalie, several years later, also through
IVF. In May 1999, Natalie became the first IVF baby to give birth to a child
of her own. The child’s conception was natural, easing some concerns that
female IVF babies would be unable to get pregnant naturally. In December
2006, Louise Brown, the original “test tube baby,” gave birth to a boy,
 

3.3 Louise Brown, the very first test tube baby, is born. Cameron John Mullinder, who also was conceived naturally.
Today, IVF is considered a mainstream medical treatment for infertility.
Hundreds of thousands of children around the world have been conceived
through the procedure, in some cases with donor eggs and sperm.
 

4. SPORTS
The Browns had a second daughter, Natalie, several years later, also
through IVF. In May 1999, Natalie became the first IVF baby to give
birth to a child of her own. The child’s conception was natural, easing
some concerns that female IVF babies would be unable to get pregnant
naturally. In December 2006, Louise Brown, the original “test tube
baby,” gave birth to a boy, Cameron John Mullinder, who also was
conceived naturally.
4.1 FIFA World Cup The 1972 summer games that year were held in Munich in the former
West Germany, drawing a record number of nations and athletes. From
121 nations, 6,065 men and 1,058 women competed.

The defining moment of the summer games, however, was tragic. On

Year Champion Place held the morning of September 5, eight Arab members of the organization

Black September broke into the Israeli compound, murdered two

athletes, and kidnapped nine others. The terrorists demanded the
1970 Brazil Mexico release of two hundred Arab guerrilla fighters held in Israeli prisons.
When the terrorists and their hostages made their way to the Munich
airport, an Israeli antiterrorist team tried to rescue the athletes. Five of
1974 Germany (FRG) Germany (FRG) the terrorists and all nine of the hostages were killed in the encounter.

In 1973, O.J. Simpson, the running back all teams dream of, finally
broke through the single-season record for rushing yards. In the final
1978 Argentina Argentina game, needing 61 more yards, Simpson gained them easily. In fact, he
gained 61 in the first half, and ended the day with 200, and the season
with 2,003 total yards.

The 1974 title fight between champion George Foreman and

In 1970 Jochen Rindt won five F1 races and was leading the drivers' Muhammad Ali took place in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
championship before a fateful accident during a practice run killed Foreman entered as a heavy favorite, but Ali, a former champion,
him. He had accumulated enough points in the season to become the outsmarted his foe and knocked him out in the eighth round.
only F1 driver ever to win the championship posthumously. Throughout the fight, Ali employed his now infamous “rope-a-dope”
tactic and cemented his place as one of boxing’s greatest
In 1971, English football team Arsenal won both the league title and
heavyweights.
the FA Cup, the fourth team to win the double.
It was 1975 the year of the first ICC Cricket World Cup which was
held in England. Eight nations participated in the event in which the
The 1972 Winter Olympics, held in Sapporo, Japan, featured 800 West Indies defeated Australia to win the cup.
male and 206 female athletes from thirty-five nations. Athletes from
Four years later, the 1976 Winter Olympics were held in Innsbruck,
the United States won a total of eight medals, including three gold
Austria, with 892 male and 231 female athletes from thirty-seven
medals—all won by women.
countries competing.
At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Nadia Comăneci became Feb Super Bowl held in New Orleans won by Kansas City.
the first Olympic gymnast to be awarded a perfect 10 score.
Comăneci received 10s on both the uneven bars and balance beam and April Golf Masters won by Billy Casper.
went on to win three gold medals in 1976 (she added two more golds
at the 1980 Olympics). May Tennis French Open won by Jan Kodes and Margaret Court.

Bruce Jenner (now Caitlyn) won the decathlon at the 1976 Summer May FIFA World Cup (Football) tournament was held in Mexico,
Games with a world-record score. Jenner memorably obtained an won by Brazil.
American flag and ran around the Olympic track with it in a victory
June Golf US Open won by Tony Jacklin.
lap. Jenner later adorned the cover of a Wheaties box and was revered
on television shows and with numerous awards. Later in life, Jenner July the Cycling Tour de France won by Eddy Merckx.
has become an advocate for transgender rights.
July Tennis Wimbledon won by John Newcombe and Margaret
In 1977, Frenchman Bernard Thevenet won the Tour de France for Court.
the second time this year. Though he was a great rider his win was
overshadowed by fellow countryman Bernard Hinault who dominated July Golf British Open won by Jack Nicklaus
the race for the next decade.
July Commonwealth Games held in Edinburg, Scotland.
In 1978 The Hawaii IronMan Triathlon, considered as the toughest
one-day endurance race made its debut and has been contested every Aug Golf US PGA won by Dave Stockton.
year since. Twelve athletes (out of 15 starters) finished the 2.4-mi (4
km) swim, 112-mi (191 km) cycle, and 26.2-mi (42 km) run. Sep Tennis US Open won by Ken Rosewall and Margaret Court.

Oct The Baseball World Series won by Baltimore Orioles.

ESPN has currently become inseparable from sports revolutionizing

the broadcasting industry. The network made its debut in September of
1979 and has since remained the leader in sports broadcasting. Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for
the year 1971.
Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport
for the year 1970. Date Results

Date Results Jan Tennis Australia Open won by Ken Rosewall and Margaret
Court
Jan Tennis Australia Open won by Arthur Ashe and Margaret
Court. Feb Super Bowl held in Miami won by Baltimore
April Golf Masters won by Charles Coody June Golf US Open won by Jack Nicklaus

May Tennis French Open won by Jan Kodes and Evonne Goolagong July the Cycling Tour de France won by Eddy Merckx

June Golf US Open won by Lee Trevino July Tennis Wimbledon won by Stan Smith and Billie Jean King

July the Cycling Tour de France won by Eddy Merckx July Golf British Open won by Lee Trevino

July Tennis Wimbledon singles were won by Australian's John Aug Golf US PGA won by Gary Player (2)
Newcombe and Evonne Goolagong
Aug Summer Olympic Games were held in Munich, Germany
July Golf British Open won by Lee Trevino
Sep Tennis US Open won by Ilie Nastase and Billie Jean King
Aug Golf US PGA won by Jack Nicklaus (his second title)
Oct The Baseball World Series won by Oakland Athletics
Sep Tennis US Open won by Stan Smith and Billie Jean King

Oct The Baseball World Series won by Pittsburgh Pirates

Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for
the year 1973.

Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for Date Results
the year 1972.
Jan Tennis Australia Open won by John Newcombe and Margaret
Date Results Court

Jan Tennis Australia Open won by Ken Rosewall and Virginia Feb Super Bowl held in Los Angeles won by Miami
Wade
April Golf Masters won by Tommy Aaron
Feb Super Bowl held in New Orleans won by Dallas
May Tennis French Open won by Ilie Nastase and Margaret Court
Feb Winter Olympic Games were held in Sapporo, Japan
June Golf US Open won by Johnny Miller
April Golf Masters won by Jack Nicklaus (4th win)
July the Cycling Tour de France won by Luis Ocaña
May Tennis French Open won by Andres Gimeno and Billie Jean
King July Tennis Wimbledon won by Jan Kodes and Billie Jean King
July Golf British Open won by Tom Weiskopf Aug Golf US PGA won by Lee Trevino

Aug Golf US PGA won by Jack Nicklaus (3) Sep Tennis US Open won by Jimmy Connors and Billie Jean King

Sep Tennis US Open won by John Newcombe and Margaret Court Oct The Baseball World Series won by Oakland Athletics

Oct The Baseball World Series won by Oakland Athletics

Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for

the year 1974.
Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for
the year 1975.

Date Results Date Results

Jan Tennis Australia Open won by Jimmy Connors and Evonne Jan Tennis Australia Open won by John Newcombe and Evonne
Goolagong Goolagong

Jan Commonwealth Games held in Christchurch, New Zealand. Feb Super Bowl held in New Orleans won by Pittsburgh

Feb Super Bowl held in Houston won by Miami April Golf Masters won by Jack Nicklaus (5th win)

April Golf Masters won by Gary Player (2nd win) May Tennis French Open won by Bjorn Borg and Chris Evert

May Tennis French Open won by Bjorn Borg and Chris Evert June Golf US Open won by Lou Graham

June Golf US Open won by Hale Irwin July the Cycling Tour de France won by Bernard Thévenet

June FIFA World Cup (Football) tournament was held in Germany, July Tennis Wimbledon won by Arthur Ashe and Billie Jean King
won by Germany.
July Golf British Open won by Tom Watson
July the Cycling Tour de France won by Eddy Merckx
Aug Golf US PGA won by Jack Nicklaus (4)
July Tennis Wimbledon won by Jimmy Connors and Chris Evert
Sep Tennis US Open won by Manuel Orantes and Chris Evert
July Golf British Open won by Gary Player
Oct The Baseball World Series won by Cincinnati Reds
Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for
the year 1976. the year 1977.

Date Results

Date Results Jan Tennis Australia Open won by Roscoe Tanner and Kerry Reid

Jan Tennis Australia Open won by Mark Edmondson and Evonne Feb Super Bowl held in Pasadena won by Oakland
Cawley
April Golf Masters won by Tom Watson (1st win)
Feb Super Bowl held in Miami won by Pittsburgh
May Tennis French Open won by Guillermo Vilas and Mima
Feb Winter Olympic Games were held in Innsbruck, Austria Jausovec

April Golf Masters won by Raymond Floyd June Golf US Open won by Hubert Green

May Tennis French Open won by Adriano Panatta and Sue Barker July the Cycling Tour de France won by Bernard Thévenet

June Golf US Open won by Jerry Pate July Tennis Wimbledon won by Bjorn Borg and Virginia Wade

July the Cycling Tour de France won by Lucien Van Impe July Golf British Open won by Tom Watson

July Tennis Wimbledon won by Bjorn Borg and Chris Evert Aug Golf US PGA won by Lanny Wadkins

July Golf British Open won by Johnny Miller Sep Tennis US Open won by Guillermo Vilas and Chris Evert

July Summer Olympic Games were held in Montreal, Canada Oct The Baseball World Series won by New York Yankees

Aug Golf US PGA won by Dave Stockton (his 2nd title) Dec Tennis Australia Open won by Vitas Gerulaitis and Evonne
Cawley
Sep Tennis US Open won by Jimmy Connors and Chris Evert

Oct The Baseball World Series won by Cincinnati Reds

Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for
the year 1978.
Date Results Feb Super Bowl held in Miami won by Pittsburgh

Feb Super Bowl held in N Orleans won by Dallas April Golf Masters won by Fuzzy Zoeller

April Golf Masters won by Gary Player (3rd win) May Tennis French Open won by Bjorn Borg and Chris Evert Lloyd

May Tennis French Open won by Bjorn Borg and Virginia Ruzici June Golf US Open won by Hale Irwin

June Golf US Open won by Andy North July the Cycling Tour de France won by Bernard Hinault

June FIFA World Cup (Football) tournament was held in Argentina, July Tennis Wimbledon won by Bjorn Borg and Martina
won by Argentina. Navratilova

July the Cycling Tour de France won by Bernard Hinault July Golf British Open won by Seve Ballesteros

July Tennis Wimbledon won by Bjorn Borg and Martina Aug Golf US PGA won by David Graham
Navratilova
Sep Tennis US Open won by John McEnroe and Tracy Austin
July Golf British Open won by Jack Nicklaus
Oct The Baseball World Series won by Pittsburgh Pirates
Aug Golf US PGA won by John Mahaffey
Dec Tennis Australia Open won by Guillermo Vilas and Barbara
Aug Commonwealth Games held in Edmonton, Canada. Jordan

Sep Tennis US Open won by Jimmy Connors and Chris Evert

Oct The Baseball World Series won by New York Yankees

Dec Tennis Australia Open won by Guillermo Vilas and Chris

O'Neil

Below is a timeline of some significant results in the world of sport for  

the year 1979.

Date Results
  history - until Star Wars. Both Jaws and Star Wars were the first
films to earn more than $100 million in rentals.
 

New Markets for Hollywood's Products:

5. Movies and entertainment in the
The emergence of ancillary markets for Hollywood's products emerged during this
70’s decade:

● c a b l e t e l e v i s
television channel,
Home Box Office
(HBO), was founded in
1972; in 1975, HBO
demonstrated the
popularity of its
programming and
became the first in the
television industry to use
satellites for regular
transmission of
programming, with its
"Thrilla in Manila"
boxing match between
27 year-old Steven Spielberg's Jaws (1975)
Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier
● the success of HBO in the mid-'70s spurred the growth of cable TV. Soon
33 year-old George Lucas' Star Wars (1977)
after, new satellite-delivered basic and premium cable TV networks were
successfully competing against the major TV networks in the late '70s and
Star Wars (1977), (aka Star Wars, Episode IV: A New Hope) is one of the early '80s, including movie channels such as Viacom's Showtime (1976,
most popular, profitable, entertaining, and successful science fiction/action - with satellite broadcast in 1978), Warner Amex's The Movie Channel
adventure/fantasy films of all time. The film, shot mostly on location in (1979), Time/HBO's Cinemax (1980), The Disney Channel (1983) and
Tunisia, Guatemala and Death Valley (California), advanced special-effects American Movie Classics (AMC) (1984).
technology to a degree unseen before, with computerized and digitally- ● multi-plex theaters - the proliferation of multi-screen chain theaters in
timed special effects. suburban areas, replacing big movie palaces, meant that more movies could
Both films were masterfully-made, non-controversial genre films - be shown to smaller audiences; the world's largestcineplex (with 18
theaters) opened in Toronto in 1979
and presaged what would be coming in the years and decades to
● publicity/celebrity magazines - after Life Magazine discontinued its weekly
come. Although the budget for Jaws grew from $4 million to $9 publications in 1972, People Magazine - first published as a weekly
million during production, it became the highest grossing film in
 magazine in March of 1974 (with Mia Farrow on its first cover), took over ● Consumers had a choice of two playing/recording formats in the late ’70s:
the role of celebrity watching and film promotion for the industry VHS (Video Home System) or
● Hollywood realized that it could increase its profits by advertising its new Sony’s Betamax.
releases on television - firstshown to be successful with the massive TV ● i n 1 9 7 6 , P a
marketing campaign (of $700,000 for three nights of nationwide prime-time film library onto Betamax
TV ads on all the networks) for Jaws (1975). Universal called it "the videocassettes. In 1977, 20th
biggest national TV spot campaign in industry history." The film was also Century Fox would follow suit, and
booked into almost 500 theatres for its opening weekend - a record! begin releasing its films on
● Gone With the Wind (1939) first aired on network TV in 1976 and drew a videotape
huge audience over two nights - about 34 million people - the largest ever ● i n 1 9 7 7 , R C A
film audience to watch a feature film on television VHS system, capable of recording
up to four hours on 1/2" magnetic
videocassette tape (with a flip-up
cover at its front), or 2 hours with
better quality
5.1 The Home Video Revolution: ● b y t h e l a t e 7
of sales of VHS machines;
consumers chose the VHS' longer
The home video revolution: A Short History
videocassette tape time and larger
tape size, over Sony's smaller and
● earlier in the previous decade, Ampex in 1963 offered the first consumer shorter tape time (of 1 hour) [Note:
version of a videotape recorder at an exorbitant price of $30,000; other by 1987, about 90 percent of the $5.25 billion market of VCRs sold in the
iterations would follow, such as Sony's introduction of the videocassette United States were based on the VHS format.]
recorder (VCR) in 1969, and the introduction of the U-Matic in 1972 ● video sales - the first films on videotape were released by the Magnetic
● i n 1 9 7 2 , t h e Video Corporation (a company founded in 1968 by Andre Blay in Detroit,
System was the first Michigan, the first video distribution company) - it licensed fifty films for
videocassette recorder to release from 20th Century Fox for $300,000 in October, 1977; it began to
have pre-recorded tapes license, market and distribute half-inch videotape cassettes (both Betamax
of popular movies (from and VHS) to consumers; it was the first company to sell pre-recorded
Columbia Pictures) for videos; M*A*S*H (1970) was Magnetic's most popular title
sale and rental -- three ● video rentals - in 1977, George Atkinson of Los Angeles began to advertise
years before Sony's the rental of 50 Magnetic Video titles of his own collection in the Los
Betamax system Angeles Times, and launched the first video rental store, Video Station, on
emerged into the market. Wilshire Boulevard, renting videos for $10/day; within 5 years, he
However, the company franchised more than 400 Video Station stores across the country in 1978,
went out of business a Philips introduced the video laser disc (aka laserdisc and LD) -- the first
year later optical disc storage media for the consumer market; Pioneer began selling
● the appearance of Sony's Betamax (the first home VCR or videocassette home LaserDisc players in 1980
recorder) in 1975 offered a cheaper sales price of $2,000 and recording time
of up to one hour; this led to a boom in sales - it was a technically-superior
format when compared to the VHS System that was marketed by JVC and
Matsushita beginning in 1976