Submitted by Submitted To: TOPIC: "Industrial Hazards and Safety Precautions in Pharmaceutical Industry"

TOPIC: "Industrial Hazards and safety precautions in
Pharmaceutical Industry"
Submitted by Submitted to
Nazmus Sakib Fahad Imtiaz Rahman
Id: 201811231002 Lecturer
Batch: 31st Department of pharmacy
Department of pharmacy Bangladesh University
Bangladesh University
SUBMITION DATE:
06/07/2021
CONTENTS
1) What is industrial hazard?
2) Different type of industrial hazards
3) Mechanical hazards, Chemical hazards, Electrical
hazards, Fire hazards and Dust hazards
4) Industrial dermatitis and its prevention
5) Accident records
6) Air conditioning system in pharmaceuticals (HVAC
system)
7) Safety precautions
What is industrial hazard
industrial hazard is, "anything occurring within an. industry which impairs the
earning power of a worker." This. definition includes industrial accidents, sickness
growing out of. occupations, and above all, unemployment.
“Industrial hazard may be defined as any condition/substance produced by
industries that may cause injury or death to personnel or loss of product or
property”. Safety in simple terms means freedom from the occurrence of risk or
injury or loss. Industrial safety refers to the protection of workers from the danger
of industrial accidents.
Different type of industrial hazards

1. Safety
Safety hazards encompass any type of substance, condition or object that can
injure workers. In many types of workplaces they can include spills on floors,
walkways blocked by cords or boxes, falls from heights, machinery with moving
parts, confined spaces and electrical hazards such as frayed cords.
2. Chemical
Workers can be exposed to chemicals in liquids, gases, vapors, fumes and
particulate materials. Chemical hazards include acids, pesticides, carbon
monoxide, flammable liquids, welding fumes, silica dust and fiberglass fibers.
3. Biological
Employees who work with other people, with animals or with infectious materials
can be exposed to biological hazards such as blood, fungi, mold, viruses and
animal droppings.
4. Physical
A physical hazard can injure workers with or without contact. These types of
hazards include radiation, working in extreme heat or cold, spending hours under
the sun or being constantly exposed to loud noise.
5. Ergonomic
Ergonomic related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) account for 33% of all
employee injury and illness cases. These types of hazards occur when repetitive
work, the type of work, or a certain position strains the body. These are the most
difficult hazards to spot because problems build up over time.
Mechanical hazards, Chemical hazards,
Electrical hazards, Fire hazards and Dust
hazards
Mechanical hazards
A hazard is any agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the
environment.
Mechanical hazards are those associated with power-driven machines, whether
automated or manually operated.
In an industry, people interact with machines that are designed to drill, cut, shear,
punch, etc. If appropriate safeguards are not in place or if workers fail to follow
safety precautions, these machines can apply the same procedures to humans.
Which can cause major human injuries.
Also machines can cause damage to the property and machines can also harm
the environment.
Common Mechanical Injuries
Cutting and Tearing: A cut occurs when a body part comes in contact with a sharp
edge. The seriousness of cutting or tearing depends on how much damage is done
to the skin, veins, arteries, muscles, and even bones
Shearing: Injury occurs mechanical force that acts on an area of skin in a direction
parallel to the body's surface. It depends on the pressure exerted.
Crushing: Injury occurs when body part is caught between two hard surfaces. that
progressively move together, thereby crushing anything between them. It is
mostly painful, and difficult to heal.
Breaking: Machines used to deform engineering materials in a variety of ways can
also cause broken bones. A break in a bone is known as a fracture. Fractures are
classified as simple, compound and complete fracture
Puncturing: Puncturing results when an object penetrates straight into the body
and pulls straight out, creating a wound in the shape of the penetrating object
Straining and spraining: A strain results when muscles are overstretched or torn.
Strains and sprains can cause swelling and intense pain.
Chemical hazards
Chemical substances that have the ability to create a physical or health hazard are
considered hazardous. Due to their properties chemical hazardous substances
may be, but are not limited to being toxic, explosive, flammable, self-reactive,
oxidizing, or corrosive. Exposure to these substances by different routes including
inhalation, dermal absorption, or ingestion can lead to adverse health effects,
enhancing the need to know about the hazards associated to these substances
beforehand.
Chemical agent information is needed for emergency response and recovery

workers to appropriately plan for risks resulting from possible chemical incidents.
Several organizations have developed information databases, including short-
term and long-term criteria, each with specific purposes, exposure scenarios, and
severity of adverse health effects considered in their development.
Databases offer their users the possibility to consult by name, the properties,
physical descriptions, exposure routes, target organs, associated symptoms in
case of exposure, personal protection recommendations, standards, and first aid
for a particular chemical.
Electrical hazards
Electrical hazards come in a variety of forms, but all have the potential to cause
serious injury. Common types of electrical hazard include:
 Contact with live wires resulting in electric shock and burns,
 Fires due to faulty wiring,
 Exposed electrical parts,
 Ignition of fires or explosions due to electrical contact with potentially
flammable or explosive materials,
 Inadequate wiring,
 Improper grounding, sometimes caused by workers deliberately removing
the ground pin on an electric plug to fit a two-prong extension cord,
 Interaction with overhead power lines,
 Damaged wire insulation, causing electrical conductors to make contact
with each other, tools, or a worker’s body,
 Overloaded circuits,
 Wet conditions.
Fire hazards
Chemicals, spray painting, welding, combustible dusts, and flammable liquids are
examples of special fire hazards. The first part of the module starts with ignition
sources, covers the heat hazards, and finishes with the fuel hazards.
Dust hazards
Airborne dust in the workplace can cause or worsen severe respiratory problems.
These health issues can range from pneumonia to a more severe problem like
lung cancer. Silica dust poses the biggest health risk, but even something as
simple as wood dust can cause significant damage to the lungs and airways.
Industrial dermatitis and its prevention

Overview. Industrial dermatitis (sometimes called eczema) is one of the major,
and most common, occupational skin diseases in the UK. It is caused by a person
coming into contact with a hazardous agent or a toxic substance at work. At best,
exposed and unprotected skin can be rough and painful.
Contact dermatitis is the most frequent type of occupational skin disease.
Although prevention of contact dermatitis in the workplace should ideally be
accomplished through total elimination of cutaneous exposure to hazardous
substances, this is often not feasible. Therefore eight basic elements of a
multidimensional approach to prevention have been identified. These elements
include recognition of potential cutaneous irritants and allergens, engineering
controls or chemical substitution to prevent skin exposure, personal protection
with appropriate clothing or barrier creams, personal and environmental hygiene,
regulation of potential allergens and irritants within the workplace, educational
efforts to promote awareness of potential allergens and irritants, motivational
techniques to promote safe work conditions and practices, and preemployment
and periodic health screening. A comprehensive prevention program based on
this multidimensional approach requires the cooperative efforts of employees,
employers, engineers, chemists, industrial hygienists, safety and supervisory
personnel, union representatives, governmental agencies, and occupational
health practitioners.
Accident records
Despite employer efforts to remove workplace health and safety risks as far as is
reasonably practical, the reality is that, unfortunately, accidents do happen from
time-to-time. When accidents do occur, it is vital employers learn from these
incidents and take reasonable steps to reduce the risk of injury, illness and fatality
in the future. This is done by keeping records of every workplace accident that
occurs, regardless of how serious.
The most common accident records are about instances that involve:
 motor vehicle accidents

 equipment failure
 electric shocks
 death
 any incident that requires immediate closure of some or all sections of the
workplace
 outbreak of diseases
 toxic fumes or explosive conditions
 missing workers or unexplained absences
 bomb threats
 presence of firearms and weapons
 serious threats made against someone
 sieges or hostage situations
 fires and bushfires
 near-misses of serious injury or death
Air conditioning system in
pharmaceuticals (HVAC system)
HVAC system is a basic requirement of a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility.
... Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning is a system that is used to control the
air temperature by controlling the air filtration and the moisture in the air.
eating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) play an important role in ensuring
the manufacture of quality pharmaceutical products. ... The prevention of
contamination and cross-contamination is an essential design consideration of the
HVAC system.
An HVAC system is designed to control the environment in which it works. It
achieves this by controlling the temperature of a room through heating and
cooling. It also controls the humidity level in that environment by controlling the
movement and distribution of air inside the room.
Safety precautions
Safety in the workplace begins with a proper safety plan that is put into place by
management and observed by all employees. Safety precautions must be strictly
adhered to because if they are not, some employees can put all other employees
at risk.
Work place accidents translate into days missed for work, reduced productivity,
and lost profits. If an employee is seriously injured, they may turn to worker’s
compensation which ends up costing the business money in increased premiums.
Also, morale among employees can suffer because they are concerned about
their safety and ability to work in an environment where other employees have
suffered an injury.
A Safety and Health Management Plan begins with a proper assessment. A Safety
Consultant should be hired to visit your workplace and take a visual and physical
assessment from the point of view of the employee environment. From that
assessment, the Safety Consultant can easily identify which areas require a more
in-depth risk assessment.

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TOPIC: "Industrial Hazards and safety precautions in

1) What is industrial hazard?

2) Different type of industrial hazards

3) Mechanical hazards, Chemical hazards, Electrical

hazards, Fire hazards and Dust hazards

4) Industrial dermatitis and its prevention

6) Air conditioning system in pharmaceuticals (HVAC

Different type of industrial hazards

Chemical agent information is needed for emergency response and recovery

Industrial dermatitis and its prevention

 motor vehicle accidents

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