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6.

Identify and explain the different archetypes in relation to the study of personality
Jung suggested a series of archetypes such as: the father (authority figure), the mother (nurturing), the
wise old man (wisdom, knowledge), the hero (champion, rescuer), the trickster (troublemaker), among
others. However, there are four (4) major Jungian Archetypes: the persona, the anima and animus, the
shadow, and the self.
Jung’s Theory of the Psyche Archetype-The Persona (Represents your public image). The word is,
obviously, related to the word person and personality, and comes from a Latin word for mask. So the
persona is the mask you put on before you show yourself to the outside world. This usually protects the
Ego from negative images (acts like a mask). Although it begins as an archetype, by the time we are
finished realizing it, it is the part of us most distant from the collective unconscious.
The Anima/Animus (the feminine side of the male). The anima is the unconscious image of the
feminine that every man has within himself. Jung wrote: ‘Every man carries with him the eternal image of
woman. This image is fundamentally unconscious, an imprint of all the ancestral experiences of the
female, a deposit of all the impressions ever made by woman.’.

Animus (masculine side of the female) similar to a man, every woman carries within her the eternal image
of a man. In the same way that man has an unconscious anima, woman has an unconscious animus which
consists of “masculine” characteristics. This is also an active force on the woman who is unconscious of
its presence. The way to remove the negativity of the animus and to live in harmony with him is for
woman to differentiate between her ego and the animus instead of assuming them to be one as she
unconsciously does. Similarly, the man has to differentiate between his ego and the anima. This is
achieved by individuation dealt with later.
Jung’s Theory of the Psyche Archetype-The Shadow (contains the evil side of humanity). It derives
from our pre-human, animal past, when our concerns were limited to survival and reproduction, and when
we weren't self-conscious. It is an archetype of darkness and repression, represents those qualities we do
not wish to acknowledge but attempt to hide from ourselves and others. The shadow consists of morally
objectionable tendencies as well as a number of constructive and creative qualities that we, nevertheless,
are reluctant to face (Jung, 1951/1959a).
Jung’s Theory of the Psyche Archetype-The Self (archetype of wholeness). The Self can be understood
as the central organizing principle of the psyche, that fundamental and essential aspect of human
personality which gives cohesion, meaning, direction, and purpose to the whole psyche. It is who you
believe you are.

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