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    Industrial Materials and Processes Notes

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    Lei Angielin Romulo Durwin
    Manufacturing determines a society's standard of living by the goods and services available to its people. There are two types of manufactured goods: producer goods used to make other goods, and consumer goods purchased directly by consumers. Manufacturing seeks to improve existing products and services. Materials, labor, equipment, and design must be properly integrated to achieve low costs, high quality, and on-time delivery. Manufacturing systems combine humans, machinery, and equipment through material and information flows to produce goods or services.

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    Industrial Materials and Processes Notes

    Uploaded by

    Lei Angielin Romulo Durwin
    594 views3 pages
    Manufacturing determines a society's standard of living by the goods and services available to its people. There are two types of manufactured goods: producer goods used to make other goods, and consumer goods purchased directly by consumers. Manufacturing seeks to improve existing products and services. Materials, labor, equipment, and design must be properly integrated to achieve low costs, high quality, and on-time delivery. Manufacturing systems combine humans, machinery, and equipment through material and information flows to produce goods or services.

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    Manufacturing determines a society's standard of living by the goods and services available to its people. There are two types of manufactured goods: producer goods used to make other goods, and consumer goods purchased directly by consumers. Manufacturing seeks to improve existing products and services. Materials, labor, equipment, and design must be properly integrated to achieve low costs, high quality, and on-time delivery. Manufacturing systems combine humans, machinery, and equipment through material and information flows to produce goods or services.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    594 views3 pages

    Industrial Materials and Processes Notes

    Uploaded by

    Lei Angielin Romulo Durwin
    Manufacturing determines a society's standard of living by the goods and services available to its people. There are two types of manufactured goods: producer goods used to make other goods, and consumer goods purchased directly by consumers. Manufacturing seeks to improve existing products and services. Materials, labor, equipment, and design must be properly integrated to achieve low costs, high quality, and on-time delivery. Manufacturing systems combine humans, machinery, and equipment through material and information flows to produce goods or services.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    INDUSTRIAL MATERIALS AND PROCESSES

    Materials, Manufacturing, and the Standard of Living

    Manufacturing – determines the standard living of any society, primarily, by


    the goods and services available to its people. It is the economic term for
    making goods and services available to satisfy human wants.

    2 Types of Manufacturing Goods:

     Producer Goods – goods that are manufactured for other companies to


    use to manufacture either producer or consumer goods.
     Consumer Goods – goods that are purchased directly by consumers or
    the general public.

    Sustaining Technology – seeks to improve the existing products and


    services.

    Starting with the product design, materials, labor, and equipment are
    interactive factors in manufacturing that must be combined properly
    (integrated) to achieve low cost, superior quality, and on-time delivery.

    Typically, 40% of the selling price of a product is manufacturing cost.


    Since the selling price is determined by the customer, maintaining profit
    often depends on reducing manufacturing cost. The internal customers who
    really make the product, called direct labor, are usually the targets of
    automation, but typically they account for only about 10% of the
    manufacturing cost even though they are the main element in increasing
    productivity.

    Reductions in direct labor will have only marginal effects on the total
    people costs. Consequently, a systems approach, taking all the factors into
    account, must be used. This requires a sound and broad understanding on
    the part of the decision makers on the value of materials, processes, and
    equipment to the company, accompanied by an understanding of the
    manufacturing systems.

    Manufacturing and Production Systems

    Manufacturing processes are collected together to form manufacturing


    systems (MS).
    Manufacturing System – a complex arrangement of physical elements
    characterized by measurable parameters. According to Caggiano (2019), it is
    a combination of humans, machinery, and equipment that are bound by a
    common material and information flow. The materials input to a
    manufacturing system are raw materials and energy.

    The production system includes the manufacturing system, services,


    plus all the other functional areas of the plant for information, design,
    analysis, and control. These subsystems are connected by various means to
    each other to produce either goods or services or both.

    Goods- refer to the material things we buy.

    Services - nonmaterial things that we buy to satisfy our wants. Service


    production systems (SPSs) include transportation, banking, finance, savings
    and loan, insurance, utilities, health care, education, communication,
    entertainment, sporting events, and so forth. They are useful labors that do
    not directly produce a product. Manufacturing has the responsibility for
    designing processes (sequences of operations and processes) and systems
    to create (make or manufacture) the product as designed.

    Figure 1-4 The functions and systems of the production system, which
    includes (and services) the

    manufacturing system. The functional departments are connected by formal


    and informal information
    Figure 1-4 The functions
    and systems of the
    production system, which
    includes (and services) the
    manufacturing system. The
    functional departments are
    connected by formal and
    informal information
    systems designed to service
    the manufacturing system
    that produces the goods.

    Materials in Manufacturing

     Metals - usually alloys, which are composed of two or more elements,


    with at least one being a metallic element.
     Ceramics
     Polymers
     Composite

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