Elite 3 (Ii) : Hematology Analyzer

ELite 3 (II)
Hematology Analyzer
Service Manual
ERBA LACHEMA s.r.o.

Brno, Czech Republic
E-Mail: service@erbalachema.com
Revision 2012.01
2012-DEC-26
1
ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0
This service manual is intended to give detailed information for service engineers of Erba
Lachema Elite 3 hematology analyzer, version II – 80 tests/hour.
All information contained herein is the intellectual property of Erba Lachema and should not
be used or reproduced without prior agreement of Erba Lachema, the manufacturer.
This manual was written with the intention to give the most precise and up-to-date, detailed
description of operation and use of the analyzer for laboratory purposes.
Descriptions contained herein are relevant to Elite 3, software version 2.3
Despite careful revision and multiple grammar and content control, mistakes can still be
present in this manual. Erba may from time to time issue errata, or a new revision of the
manual. Would you find things unclear, please contact service@erbalachema.com for
assistance.
Revision history
Revision Section Modification By Date
2012.01 All First release T.Javorek 26.12.2012
2 Revision 2012.01
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 7
1.1 Name and serial number ......................................................................................... 7
1.2 Intended use ........................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Integrated software ................................................................................................. 7
2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................... 8
2.1 Main electronic parts of the analyzers ..................................................................... 8
2.1.1 Counting chamber with electrodes and measuring aperture ............................10
2.1.2 HGB Measuring Head .....................................................................................11
2.1.3 Cell Counter Amplifier Boards .........................................................................12
2.1.4 MAIN CPU Board ............................................................................................13
2.1.5 DimmBoard Module ........................................................................................15
2.1.6 Reagent Lock Module .....................................................................................15
2.1.7 Opto sensors ...................................................................................................16
2.1.8 Valve boards ...................................................................................................16
2.1.9 TFT Display and START button Board ............................................................17
2.1.10 External Power Supply ....................................................................................17
2.2 Main mechanic and fluidic parts .............................................................................18
2.2.1 Sample/Horizontal and Vertical motors ...........................................................19
2.2.2 Sampling needle .............................................................................................19
2.2.3 Needle washing head ......................................................................................19
2.2.4 Puffer reservoir................................................................................................20
2.2.5 Dilutor block ....................................................................................................20
2.2.6 Measuring block ..............................................................................................22
2.2.7 Pump ..............................................................................................................22
2.3 Assembled Analyzer...............................................................................................23
2.3.1 Front Panel .....................................................................................................23
2.3.2 Rear Panel ......................................................................................................23
2.3.3 Construction Front...........................................................................................24
2.3.4 Construction Side ............................................................................................24
3 OPERATION OF THE FLUIDIC SYSTEM ....................................................................26
3.1 Initialization of the Fluidic System...........................................................................26
3.2 Operation of the fluidic system in ELite 3................................................................27
3.2.1 Flow diagram of measurement ........................................................................27
3.2.2 Sampling process............................................................................................28
3.2.3 Diluting process...............................................................................................29
3.2.4 Lysing process ................................................................................................30
3.2.5 Counting process ............................................................................................31
3.2.6 Chamber draining process ..............................................................................32
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3.2.7 Cleaning process ............................................................................................33

3.2.8 Shutdown process...........................................................................................33
4 ADJUSTMENTS ...........................................................................................................34
4.1 Vertical movement, setting timing belt tension ........................................................34
4.2 Vertical opto sensor and needle settings ................................................................34
4.3 Setting the needle shaft..........................................................................................36
4.4 Setting the position of the chambers ......................................................................36
4.5 Setting the dilutor mechanics .................................................................................37
4.6 Setting the horizontal movement ............................................................................37
4.7 Service Calibration .................................................................................................38
4.8 Setting RBC amplifier gain .....................................................................................39
4.9 Setting WBC amplifier gain.....................................................................................39
4.10 Setting display parameters .................................................................................40
5 CHECKING THE PROPER OPERATION .....................................................................41
5.1 Self Test .................................................................................................................41
5.1.1 Self Test Screens ............................................................................................41
5.1.2 Normal range of Self Test parameters.............................................................41
5.1.3 Troubleshooting Guide for Self test .................................................................42
5.2 Service Menu .........................................................................................................43
5.2.1 Log in as SERVICE User ................................................................................43
5.2.2 Entering to Service Menu ................................................................................44
5.2.3 Troubleshooting ..............................................................................................45
5.2.4 Stress..............................................................................................................47
5.2.5 Needle position check .....................................................................................47
5.2.6 Statistics..........................................................................................................47
5.3 Diagnostics Menu ...................................................................................................48
6 SERVICE OPERATION ................................................................................................49
6.1 Reagent Lock System ............................................................................................49
6.1.1 Check available measure count ......................................................................49
6.1.2 Upload arbitrary number of measurement credit from HK................................49
6.2 Possible Causes of Noise ......................................................................................50
6.2.1 Contaminated reagent .....................................................................................50
6.2.2 Bad earth grounding ........................................................................................50
6.2.3 External electrical noise ..................................................................................51
6.2.4 Internal noise sources .....................................................................................51
7 MAINTENANCE ...........................................................................................................54
7.1 Weekly User Maintenance......................................................................................54
7.1.1 Cleaning needle washing head .......................................................................54
7.2 Periodic Maintenance by Service ...........................................................................54
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7.2.1 Check Self test and Device statistics ...............................................................54

7.2.2 Cleaning and Greasing Dilutor Block ...............................................................54
7.2.3 Checking and Lubricating Dilutor Piston Tips ..................................................55
7.2.4 Checking and Replacing Washing Head .........................................................55
7.2.5 Bleaching of Fluidic System ............................................................................55
8 APPENDICES ..............................................................................................................56
8.1 Warning flags .........................................................................................................56
8.2 USB B connector communication ...........................................................................57
8.2.1 Characters and basic structure........................................................................57
8.2.2 Details of the 3.1 protocol ................................................................................58
8.3 Wiring diagram .......................................................................................................60
8.4 Tubing schematics .................................................................................................61
8.5 Recommended kit of tools ......................................................................................61
8.6 General SW installation guide ................................................................................62
8.7 List of spare parts...................................................................................................63
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List of figures
Fig.1 – RBC measuring chamber assembly..........................................................................10
Fig.2 – HGB head assembly .................................................................................................11
Fig. 3 – Amplifier board ........................................................................................................12
Fig.4 – Mainboard with DimmBoard, front view ....................................................................13
Fig.5 – Mainboard DimmBoard, rear view.............................................................................14
Fig.6 – DimmBoard, front and rear view ...............................................................................15
Fig.7 – Reagent lock module ................................................................................................15
Fig.8 – Opto sensors ............................................................................................................16
Fig.9 – Valve board (valves 6-11) .........................................................................................16
Fig.10 – Display board, front panel boards ...........................................................................17
Fig.11 – External power supply ............................................................................................17
Fig.12 – Fluidic part ..............................................................................................................18
Fig.13 – Sample rotor motor and needle mechanics .............................................................19
Fig.14 – Needle wash head ..................................................................................................20
Fig.15 – Puffer reservoir .......................................................................................................20
Fig.16 – Dilutor block (older metal piston rods) .....................................................................20
Fig.17 – Dilutor block (new plastics piston rods) ...................................................................21
Fig.18 – Measuring chamber block .......................................................................................22
Fig.19 – Pump unit ...............................................................................................................22
Fig.20 – Front view ...............................................................................................................23
Fig.21 – Rear view ...............................................................................................................23
Fig.22 – Front view (without front panel)...............................................................................24
Fig.23 – Right side view .......................................................................................................24
Fig.24 – Left side view ..........................................................................................................25
Fig.25 – Aspirating sample process ......................................................................................28
Fig.26 – Diluting process ......................................................................................................29
Fig.27 – Lysing process........................................................................................................30
Fig.28 – Counting process ....................................................................................................31
Fig.29 – Chamber draining process ......................................................................................32
Fig.30 – Cleaning process ....................................................................................................33
Fig.31 – Vertical motor assembly .........................................................................................34
Fig.32 – Vertical optp sensor ................................................................................................34
Fig.33 – Vertical needle setting ............................................................................................35
Fig.34 – Needle shaft setting ................................................................................................36
Fig.35 – Chamber position setting ........................................................................................36
Fig.36 – Microdilutor setting .................................................................................................37
Fig.37 – Horizontal sample rotor moving setting ...................................................................37
Fig.38 – Potentiometers for setting display contrast .............................................................40
Fig.39 – Properly twisted motor cables .................................................................................52
Fig.40 – Measuring chambers block .....................................................................................54
Fig.41 – Wiring diagram .......................................................................................................60
Fig.42 – Tubing diagram.......................................................................................................61
Note: Screenshots from software menus are not numbered as figures.
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 INTRODUCTION
1 INTRODUCTION
To be well up in the instruments, please read this manual carefully to have the knowledge
for servicing the instruments perfectly and avoid extra costs and wasting precious time.
In this manual, we are using the following conventions:
E3– stands for ELite 3
This ELite 3 Service Manual contains the functional descriptions of all analyzers, operation of
the fluidic systems, adjustments and settings, and very important information for the Service
Personnel about the service operations and possible problems.
1.1 Name and serial number

Name: ELite 3 Hematology Analyzer
Serial No.: Every instrument has its own serial number, which is printed on the rear panel
label and it can be read out from Device Information or from the self test
submenu. This identity number is write-protected by Erba Lachema.
1.2 Intended use

ELite 3 hematology analyzers are fully automated cell counters for in vitro diagnostic use.
The compact instruments were developed for small clinics, point-of-cares, and hospitals.
ELite 3 can process 80 samples per hour and they are intended to determine the following 18
hematology parameters from a 25µl whole blood sample:
• WBC – LYM - MON - GRA - LYM% - MON% - GRA% (three-part WBC differential)
• HGB - RBC - HCT - MCV - RDW - MCH - MCHC
• PLT - MPV - PCT – PDW
1.3 Integrated software

The integrated software controls the instrument operations, displays, stores, recalls data, and
allows the user to perform QC and calibration procedures and modify the user settings. The
software version number can be read out from the Device Information or from the Self test
submenu.
Every ELite 3 software version is upgradeable (using an USB flash drive) by the latest
program developed by Erba Lachema, and it can be downloaded from:
http://www.ErbaLachema.com
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 Main electronic parts of the analyzers
ELite 3 contains the following electronic parts:
1. Counting chambers with electrodes and measuring aperture

2. HGB Measuring Head
3. Cell Counter Amplifier Board
4. MAIN CPU Board with DimmBoard and measurement processing unit, 4 motor
controllers, valve & pneumatic controller/driver, pump driver and power supply for
internal printer (+7.5V) and digital circuitry (+5V, +3.3V)
5. DIMMBOARD module
6. Motors with opto-boards of needle moving motor (H) and sample rotor/needle moving
motor (V)
7. Dilutor block with opto-board for sampling, diluent, lyse and cleaner
8. Valve boards (set of 5 and max. 7)
9. Two Pumps
10. USB interface
11. Graphic LCD Display Module with touch-screen
12. Start Button Panel
13. Internal Printer
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DIMMBOARD
2.1.1 Counting chamber with electrodes and measuring aperture

Impedance method is used for determination of volume and number of cells. In this method a
known volume of dilution is drawn through a small aperture. Constant current is passed
through the aperture from one side to the other. When a cell passes through the aperture, it
causes a change in resistance, which generates a voltage pulse.
The amplitude of the voltage pulse is proportional to the ratio of cell volume per aperture
volume. This is used to determine the volume of cells. The number of cells can be obtained
by counting the pulses. In the E3 there are two separate chambers: one for counting RBC
with an aperture of 70 µm, and another for MIX/WBC/HGB with 100 µm aperture.
Washing
inlet Chamber
extender
Counting
chamber Platinum
electrode
Draining
Opening for connection
measuring tube
Assembled measuring tube

with the reference electrode Measuring tube with
and U-shaped fixing aperture (70µm)
Aperture
Reference electrode U-shaped metal

O-rings
assembly fixing
Fig.1 – RBC measuring chamber assembly
The aperture is made of ruby and it is molded into the end of the measuring tube.
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2.1.2 HGB Measuring Head

Hemoglobin head is placed around one measuring chamber in all instruments.
It contains: light source (LED) at 540 nm wavelength and Photo Detector (TSL235). The
Photo Detector converts the light to frequency. The HGB concentration is a logarithmic
function of this frequency measured by the FPGA circuit of the MAIN board
Connection to the amplifier
LED TSL235
Fig.2 – HGB head assembly
The analyzer performs enhanced hemoglobin measurement technology for HGB

measurement. The frequency output signal of TSL235 is counted by a digital counter in the
FPGA circuit.
This counter counts up while the LED is on and counts down while the LED is off. The LED
and direction of counting are switched with a 100 Hz signal. This method provides “real time
backlight correction”, which makes the HGB measurement more precise in changing
backlight environment situation as well.
There are two kinds of HGB measurement:

• Sample measurement (before RBC counting)
• Diluent/blank measurement (in WBC washing phase)
The HGB result is calculated from these measurements by:
HGB ≅ log (CNTdiluent light / CNTsample light)
Due to enhanced HGB technology, E3 is less sensitive to incident light changes.

However, it is recommended to keep side door closed during measurements.
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2.1.3 Cell Counter Amplifier Boards
Connection to
CSA1 on Main
Connection Connection to
to HVB on DIGIO on Main
Main
Fig. 3 – Amplifier board
Each amplifier board includes its own voltage regulator, connection interfaces to HGB head
and to MAIN board. There is a current generator circuit on it, which works from 50V
measuring voltage (generated by MAIN) and the probe voltage (DC) is amplified with a
voltage follower (output: ELV). Nominal measuring current is 870 µA.
Each amplifier board includes one input connector for the chamber (measuring electrode).
There are two opto switches (U1, U3) to connect high voltage to the probe with HSW signal
and isolate the input of the amplifier. Test circuit makes possible to generate test pulses (with
TEST and PLS signals through FETs) for checking the proper operation of the amplifier
channel.
Each amplifier board includes a 3-stage main amplifier channel, which gains input signal to
the 0...3.3 V range (this is the input range of the A/D converter, which is placed on the MAIN
board). The RSW signal changes the gain (RBC, WBC) in the feedback of the second
amplifier stage with U2 (MAX319) analog switch. Amplifier gain and offset are adjusted by
software.
DHON signal switches on the LED and the MVON signal – which is active during counting –
switches off the Photo Detector in the HGB head, to prevent noise generated by the HGB
detector.
The other side of the amplifier board contains special connectors for the chamber and the
HGB head (JP4).
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2.1.4 MAIN CPU Board

This board contains:
- DIMMBOARD and measurement processing unit,
- 4 motor controllers,
- valve & pneumatic controller/drivers, pump driver(s)
- power supply for internal printer (+7.5V) and digital circuitry (+5V, +3.3V)
MAIN board is responsible to control the instrument: contains the main power regulator
circuits, valve and motor driver circuits and other connections for the fluidic and pneumatic
system’s parts, responsible for the specific measurement processing functions.
The central micro-controller with a FPGA and with several other digital chips (buffers,
decoder, multiplexer) handles the pneumatic system, displaying, measurement and data
management.
Pump drivers Valve drivers
Speaker
Power Supply
for internal
printer 7.5VDC
Opto detectors’ shift register

Motor drivers
USB HUB
TFT backlight
driver
RS232/USB
TFT connection
DimmBoard
FPGA
Microcontroller
Power Supply
12VDC-> 5VDC,
3.3VDC
High Voltage Circuit

12VDC -> ±12VDC,
50VDC for
measurement
150VDC for cleaning
Fig.4 – Mainboard with DimmBoard, front view
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Valves Connector Pump Connector #1
Pressure Printer Connector

Sensor
Pump Connector #2
Motor Connectors Connectors to Optos
Front Panel USB

Connector USB A Type Interfaces
Connector to TFT
Backlight and Start Button Connector to Reagent
Lock Module
USB B Type Interface
Power Switch Connector
Connectors to Amplifiers
Power for front panel
Power Connector
Internal battery
Fig.5 – Mainboard DimmBoard, rear view
Power system: filtering the +12V Input and generates +3.3V (FPGA), +5V (Digital power),
+7.5V (Printer power). Filtered +12V is used for the power of motors and valves.
Motor drivers: 4 power drivers; Horizontal, Vertical/Sample rotor motors and dilutor motors
have separated ribbon cable connections.
Valve driver: consists two 8-bit, powered output shift registers (with built in protection
diodes) and there is one common ribbon cable connection for the valve boards. The
peristaltic pump has a separated power FET driver circuit for more reliable operation.
Measurement processing: the A/D conversion made by the micro-controller itself, but
several preprocessing steps (time limits, noise handling, pulse integration) taken by the
external analog circuitry.
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2.1.5 DimmBoard Module

The MAIN board incorporates a credit-card sized PC, named DimmBoard. The processor on
the DimmBoard is a 600MHz Vortex86DX-class core, with 256/512Mbytes on-board DDRII
RAM, and up to 16Gbytes on-board compatible MicroSD card This is the SSD (Solid Sate
Disk) of the analyzer, so instrument software with all user settings, calibration, database, etc.
is stored on the DimmBoard.
USB3 conn. CPU MicroSD card slot
Fig.6 – DimmBoard, front and rear view
2.1.6 Reagent Lock Module

The Reagent Lock Module identifies the state of Reagent Lock System (OPEN or CLOSED)
and contains the uploaded measurement credits.
There are two types of modules: OPEN and CLOSED and they are OEM specific. They are
factory preprogrammed and their state couldn’t be changed by software.
Fig.7 – Reagent lock module
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2.1.7 Opto sensors

Opto sensor snap-in modules are responsible for checking motor positions. There are 5 opto
sensors in E3 (see cabling diagram).
Fig.8 – Opto sensors
2.1.8 Valve boards

There are two kinds of valve boards: Valve board 1-5 and Valve board 6-11.
Valves
Valve Board
Connection to MAIN
Fig.9 – Valve board (valves 6-11)
The valve boards are connected to controller and driver chips are located on the MAIN
BOARD.
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2.1.9 TFT Display and START button Board
Touchscreen
connector
TFT connector to
MAIN BOARD
TFT Backlight
connector
Front USB board
Ribbon cable from

Start button TFT/Touch board to
cable MAIN BOARD
StatusLED
board
Fig.10 – Display board, front panel boards
2.1.10 External Power Supply

The analyzer works with an external power supply. The figure below shows the power supply
unit generating 12VDC.
The power supply modules have an auto range input, which makes possible to use them with
230V or 115V mains outlet and it has the CE and UL safety certificate. The input socket of
the power supply is a standard 3-terminal plug, with power cable connection; the output is a
coaxial power connector.
230V AC inlet
12V DC outlet
Fig.11 – External power supply
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2.2 Main mechanic and fluidic parts
ELITE 3 Analyzers consist of the following mechanic and fluidic parts:

1. Sample rotor
2. Sampling needle
3. Washing head
4. Sample/Horizontal moving unit
5. Micro Dilutor
6. Dilutor
7. Chambers
8. Cell-counter probe
9. Puffer reservoir
10. Pumps
11. Valves
12. Tubing
Fig.12 – Fluidic part
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2.2.1 Sample/Horizontal and Vertical motors

ELite 3 Hematology Analyzer has a sample rotor for safety and more precise sample
handling. Commonly used sample tubes are supported by replaceable tube adapters.
The Sample rotor unit uses a stepper motor, connected to the MAIN board directly. The rotor
has opto sensors for positioning.
Vertical motor
Sample/Horizontal
motor (not visible)
Fig.13 – Sample rotor motor and needle mechanics
Sample rotor is maintenance-free.
2.2.2 Sampling needle

Sampling needle is assembled in the H&V moving unit and it makes the sample aspirations.
Correct setting of sampling needle is necessary and very important (see Chapter
Adjustments).
2.2.3 Needle washing head

Washing head is located at the bottom of the H&V moving unit and it is for cleaning the outer
surface of the sampling needle. This washing process is made with diluent reagent and the
fluid is drained by the pump. The arrows on the picture show the direction of diluent flow
during sampling needle washing.
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Clean diluent
Pump to waste
Fig.14 – Needle wash head
Clean or replace washing head yearly, or after 10 000 measurements.
2.2.4 Puffer reservoir
The glass puffer reservoir is directly connected to the pressure sensor.

During measurement, there is no pump activity, so the puffer reservoir maintains
measuring vacuum stable.
The instrument measures relative pressure so measuring vacuum is independent
of atmospheric pressure.
Fig.15 – Puffer reservoir
2.2.5 Dilutor block

Diluent 1 syringe Lyse syringe
Diluent 2 syringes
Micro dilutor
Positioners
Fig.16 – Dilutor block (older metal piston rods)
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Fig.17 – Dilutor block (new plastics piston rods)
In E3 this unit includes two dilutor channels – one for diluent and sampling, and another one
for lyse and diluent reagents. There are two stepper motors, 4 opto sensors, five syringes
and piston rods with gear transmission. The Micro dilutor syringe makes the aspirating while
the motor moves down. The syringes are mechanically connected with a loose mechanism,
so there is a phase along the track, where the micro dilutor doesn’t move.
Maintenance should be provided to the piston tips, by applying neutral silicon

grease to the cogged end of the Macro and Lyse pistons, between the syringe and
the tip itself. This will ensure optimum sealing and longer lifetime of piston tips.
Greasing of the cogged transmission parts (cogwheel and cogged bar) should be
done regularly using machine grease.
It is recommended to check and repeat greasing of piston tips, and transmission
gear every year, or after 10000 measurements.
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2.2.6 Measuring block

The measuring block contains all components, counting chambers, measuring tubes, HGB
head, draining tubes.
Fig.18 – Measuring chamber block
2.2.7 Pump
Pump 1 generates regulated vacuum and drains the fluidic system, Pump2 helps the needle
washing. They are connected to the MAIN board and have their own driver circuit (Power
FET).
The pumps are maintenance free.
Fig.19 – Pump unit
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2.3 Assembled Analyzer

2.3.1 Front Panel
TFT display
Start button
Sample
USB socket holder/Sample rotor
Fig.20 – Front view
2.3.2 Rear Panel
Power switch
USB A
connector
Cover screws
USB B
connector
Reagent lock
inlet
12VDC power
connector
Reagent Grounding
inlets screw
Fig.21 – Rear view
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2.3.3 Construction Front
Pump 1
Valves
MAIN Dilutor
board motor
Pump 2
Vertical Sample/Horizontal motor

motor
Fig.22 – Front view (without front panel)
2.3.4 Construction Side

Valves 1-5
Puffer
reservoir
Micro
dilutor
Lyse
Dilutor syrenge
RBC chamber
WBC chamber
Valves 6-11
Fig.23 – Right side view
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MAIN board
DimmBoard
Reagent lock
connector
Amplifier
(RBC)
Amplifier
(WBC)
Fig.24 – Left side view
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 OPERATION OF THE FLUIDIC SYSTEM
3 OPERATION OF THE FLUIDIC SYSTEM

This section describes the main fluidic steps of ELITE 3 measurement cycle. The
instrument’s Fluidic Schematics are shown in Section 2.2 of this manual. The following
figures show total measurement flow diagram and detailed descriptions of processes for
understanding the fluidic system work.
The following steps are introduced in this section:

1. Flow diagram of measurement
2. Initialization process
3. Sampling process
4. Needle washing process
5. Diluting process
6. Lysing process
7. Counting process
8. Chamber draining process
9. Shutdown process
In the detailed process description figures, the active tube is filled with black color, while an
arrow (→) shows the direction of the flow. Moving mechanic parts have another arrow
indicating direction of movement. Only opened (On) valves are mentioned in this section
while all the other valves are closed (Off).
ELITE 3 employs software counters to estimate waste (and other reagent) level. Software
integrates volume of the reagents used, and gives a message when this volume reaches the
preset tank capacity.
3.1 Initialization of the Fluidic System

Fluidic initialization process performs the following steps:
• Checking of pump and pressure sensor by generating measuring vacuum
• Positioning all mechanical components by scanning moving range (with end-
switches)
• Priming of reagents
• Cleaning of tubing & measuring chamber
• Cleaning of aperture with high-pressure back-flush, cleaner reagent & high-voltage
burning
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3.2 Operation of the fluidic system in ELite 3

3.2.1 Flow diagram of measurement
MIX/WBC Needle
RBC chamber Both chambers
chamber subsystem
Cleaning Sampling process

chambers
HGB Blank
measurement
Chamber draining Needle washing
Diluting process Diluting process

(1:160) (1:160)
Sampling process
(from primary
dilution)
Lysing process Needle washing
Dilution process Dilution process

(1:23000) (1:23000)
Generating
measuring
vacuum
WBC counting
process, HGB
measurement
RBC counting
process
Draining
Cleaning
Fast Blank
measurement
END
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3.2.2 Sampling process

The aspirating needle aspirates 25 µl (50 µl in prediluted mode) of blood sample. The Micro
dilutor syringe makes the aspirating while the M3 Micro-dilutor motor moves down. The
syringes are mechanically connected with a loose mechanism, so there is a phase along the
track, where the micro dilutor doesn’t move.
Fig.25 – Aspirating sample process
The second sample – 35 µl of primary dilution – is made in the RBC chamber. The
instrument makes the second (RBC) dilution into the chamber after straight after the WBC
dilution.
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3.2.3 Diluting process

The parts of the fluidics are rinsed with diluent reagent. The measuring chamber is filled up
with 1 ml of diluent. This method prevents the chamber from dirt and makes the diluting
process faster.
The sampling process has aspirated 25 µl of sample, which is in the sampling needle. In the
first diluting step the sample is dispensed into the measuring chamber with 3 ml of diluent,
which comes from the Diluent I. syringe through V2 (On) and Micro-dilutor, while the M3
Dilutor motor moves upwards. This process makes the 1:160 first dilution rate in the
chamber.
Fig.26 – Diluting process
The second sample – 25 µl of primary dilution – is made right after the first dilution. The
second dilution is made in the RBC chamber.
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3.2.4 Lysing process

In this step the set lysing reagent is added into the measuring chamber through V10 (On),
while the Lyse syringe moves upwards. This process makes the WBC/HGB dilution with lyse
reagent.
Fig.27 – Lysing process
For better mixing the macro syringe pushes some air bubbles (aspirated through the washing
inlet of the chamber and V9) after the lysing process through V4 (Off), V10 (On), V9 (Off).
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3.2.5 Counting process

The regulated vacuum (it is generated by the pump in the puffer reservoir) aspirates the
diluted sample (WBC or RBC) from the chamber through V11 (On) valve. There is no volume
limiter in the system, the instrument counts the cells for 16 seconds in counting phases
(WBC and RBC).
Fig.28 – Counting process
For noise prevention there is no mechanical or electronic activity during the counting process
and the door should be closed for better shielding.
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3.2.6 Chamber draining process
Fig.29 – Chamber draining process
Chamber draining is made under pressure control. Pump drains chamber while puffer
reservoir and thus the pressure sensor is connected to the draining tube. The instrument can
detect the empty state of the chamber from drop of vacuum.
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3.2.7 Cleaning process

The pump aspirates the cleaner through the V3 (On), V10 (On), V7 (On) valves to puffer the
cleaner reagent in the tubes between V10 and V3.
Fig.30 – Cleaning process
After that the Diluent 2 syringes pushes the cleaner reagent remaining in the tube between
V10 and V3 into the chamber.
3.2.8 Shutdown process

The fluidic shutdown performs the following steps:
• Priming chamber with reagent to avoid drying out of aperture

• Sampling needle is positioned above counting chamber, needle up
• Lyse syringe are positioned up
• Diluent syringes are positioned up
• Sample rotor moved out
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 ADJUSTMENTS
4 ADJUSTMENTS
The adjustments below are made in the factory. Readjustment of following parts is necessary
if some components are replaced.
4.1 Vertical movement, setting timing belt tension

The timing
belt tension
could be
set with
positioning
the vertical
motor using
the oval
holes in the
mounting
plate.
Fig.31 – Vertical motor assembly
4.2 Vertical opto sensor and needle settings

The vertical opto sensor should be set as follows:
The flag (1) mounted on the vertical needle moving
mechanism must run freely between the two parts
(2) of the opto-sensor.
1 - flag
2 – opto-sensor
Fig.32 – Vertical optp sensor
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The vertical position can be set by loosening the two

mounting screws of the opto sensor and moving it up
or down. In the correct setting the end of the needle is
coplanar of the lower plane of needle cleaner unit. The
opto sensor state could be checked in the software
(see chapter 5.2.3)
Fig.33 – Vertical needle setting
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4.3 Setting the needle shaft

The needle shaft must be fastened. If it was
loose it could be adjusted with the set screw on
top end of the shaft.
Fig.34 – Needle shaft setting
4.4 Setting the position of the chambers

After setting the
needle position
according to chapter
4.2 and 4.3 the
horizontal position of
chamber bracket
should be checked.
The needle must not
go down exactly in
the center of the
chamber. Chamber
bracket can be
moved left or right if
necessary. (see
picture).
Fig.35 – Chamber
position setting
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4.5 Setting the dilutor mechanics
The micro-dilutor’s movement must be set by

the following procedure:
1. Push the dilutor pistons up as possible.
2. Fasten the set screw of the upper fixing
ring.
3. Fasten the lower fixing ring’s set screw
in the position shown in picture on the
left.
Fig.36 – Microdilutor setting
4.6 Setting the horizontal movement

The setting of the
horizontal movement is
correct, when the opto
wheel is in the position
shown in the picture, then
the aspirating needle
bracket is as close to the
cantilever as possible.
Fig.37 – Horizontal sample rotor moving setting
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4.7 Service Calibration

The analyzer provides a menu for Service
calibration purposes.
You can access the service calibration
menu logged in as Service User:
Maintenance Calibration
Service.
Factors: In result calculations the service calibration factors are used as the user calibration
factors, so they are multiplied for each parameter: RBCDisp. = FactRBC User * FactRBC
Serv. * RBCMeasured
If the user factor is near the bound (0.80 - 1.20), by setting the corresponding service factor,
the user factor can be adjusted to 1.00 using Apply user factors button. Example: Fact RBC
User = 1.19 and Fact RBC Serv = 0.96, and Fact RBC User = 1.00 and Fact RBC Serv =
1.14 gives the same result for RBC.
Press white data field to modify

calibration factor. A numeric input screen
will show up so that you can enter values.
All values must be in the 0.8…1.2 range.
Press Accept to proceed with new
settings, or Cancel to keep values
unchanged.
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History: You can check the previous

calibration factors with the date of change
in a table form.
Apply user calibration factors function is

used to combine user and service
calibration factors. The software will
multiply the existing factors, and move
them to the Service level to set user
factors to 1.00.
4.8 Setting RBC amplifier gain

If the correct MCV value cannot be
obtained by calibration the amplifier gain
of RBC measurement could be
increased or decreased by approx.
±10%. Please be advised that changing
this value requires to recalibrate the
device to get proper results!
The settings are under
Settings→Measurement→Setting→Ca
libration.
4.9 Setting WBC amplifier gain

If the WBC diagram is shifted too far on left or right in WBC histogram the amplifier gain of
WBC measurement could be increased or decreased by approx. ±10%. Please be advised
that changing this value requires to recalibrate the device to get proper results!
The settings are under Settings→Measurement→Settings→Calibration.
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4.10 Setting display parameters

If the picture on the display is dark or light or display is flashing/fluttering, you can adjust it by
two potentiometers on the rear side of display assembly.
The first potentiometer (left on the picture) adjust brightness/contrast of the screen (by
regulating backlight).
The second potentiometer (right on the picture) adjust stability of picture - flashing/fluttering.
For adjusting use small screwdriver (ca. 1 mm). Be careful if you use non-insulated tool –
short circuit of potentiometer to grounded shielding plate can damage the display
assembly!
Brightness /
Stability
contrast
Fig.38 – Potentiometers for setting display contrast
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 CHECKING THE PROPER OPERATION
5 CHECKING THE PROPER OPERATION

5.1 Self Test
There is a built-in Self test and Service menu in each model. Self test can be used to check
the operation of the instrument.
The test results can be printed or saved to USB flash disk. With the Retry button the self test
is repeated.
5.1.1 Self Test Screens

Every measured value has a check mark if it is in the acceptable range, or a X and a minus
or plus sign if it is below or above the normal range.
HGB measured impulses per second

Measuring Electrode voltage, current
and offset.
Noise Test during a 5-second period.
Amplifier transfer by generating 20000
test pulses, incl. gain related peak value,
noise related deviation.
Vacuum reports pump operation
(vacuum made by the pump in a 10-
second period of time).
Drift represents pressure loss of vacuum
measured in a 10-second period of time.
Fast blank meas, the device performs a
fast blank measurement. This number is
the PLT count. Probe min, probe max probe voltage are relative numbers during fast blank
measurement.
5.1.2 Normal range of Self Test parameters

Parameter Unit Lower bound Upper bound
HGB light count 3000 60000
Electrode voltage V 45 55
Current µA 830 930
Offset mV -5.0 5.0
Amplifier test count 19990 20050
Peak of test pulses mV 1300 1700
deviation (noise) mV 0 100
Noise test pls/5sec 0 50
Vacuum mBar 300 600
Drift mBar/10sec 0 10
Fast blank meas count 0 100
Fast blank probe min - 280 360
Fast blank probe max - 280 360
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5.1.3 Troubleshooting Guide for Self test

Parameter Mark Possible reason Remedy
HGB dark HIGH Instrument door open Close instrument door
Check HGB head connections
HGB head not connected or
LOW check HGB LED during
HGB LED out of order
HGB light measurement
Instrument door open or Close door or replace HGB
HIGH
HGB LED too bright LED resistor on amplifier board
LOW Fault on MAIN Check measuring voltage (50V) on
Electrode voltage or HIGH or Amplifier board High voltage and Amplifier boards
LOW Check current generator, and test
Fault on Amplifier board
Current or HIGH generator FET on Amplifier board
LOW Check the offset potentiometer on
Offset Fault on Amplifier board
or HIGH Amplifier board
LOW Amplifier Boards is not Check cables and connectors
Amplifier test connected to main board coming from the Amplifier
HIGH Instrument not grounded Check mains ground lead
Peak of pulses LOW Check current generator, and test
Fault on Amplifier board
or HIGH generator FET on Amplifier board
Dev. (noise) HIGH Instrument not grounded Check mains ground lead
Noise HIGH Instrument not grounded Check mains ground lead
Vacuum LOW Peristaltic pump failure Check peristaltic pump
Drift HIGH Leakage in pneumatics Check tubing in pneumatics
Fast Blank meas HIGH Contaminated system Run cleaning cycle
Fast Blank probe HIGH or Fault on MAIN Check measuring voltage (50V) on
min LOW or Amplifier board MAIN and Amplifier boards
Fast Blank probe HIGH or Fault on MAIN Check measuring voltage (50V) on
max LOW or Amplifier board MAIN and Amplifier boards
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5.2 Service Menu

5.2.1 Log in as SERVICE User
Certain service functions are accessible
only for the SERVICE user.
In Main menu touch Exit button.
If you are logged in as different user touch Logout(USERNAME) and then the Log In button,
else touch Log In button.
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At Log In screen Press the START button

on front panel, so the Login Name will
change to Service.
Touch Password empty field.
Type in the Service User password which

is 6484, then touch Enter button.
Touch Accept button on Log In screen.
5.2.2 Entering to Service Menu

There is a Service menu for servicing and
operation checking purposes.
The entry point is in Maintenance
Diagnostics Service
The service menu is accessible for only

SERVICE user. To login as service user
please see previous chapter.
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5.2.3 Troubleshooting
With Troubleshooting options provide
tools to test mechanical components.
From the Motor Test submenu the service

person could run each or all motor tests.
Optosensors states can be checked in

this screen.
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Pressing the 0 or 1 buttons the valves

could be toggled. 1 stands for
electronically forced state.
Pressing the Pump 0 or 1 button the

peristaltic pump could be switched on/off.
The current vacuum in the puffer
reservoir is displayed under the buttons.
You can check the offset on the amplifier

board. The current offset and the
acceptance range are displayed.
USB serial test check USB internal

communication between USB-A and
USB-B ports and it is useful for
diagnostics of LIS connection error. Use
normal USB printer (LIS) cable with USB-
A and USB-B connectors – connect
appropriate ports on rear side of
instruments
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5.2.4 Stress
In Stress mode, the instrument
performs measuring cycles without
sample (blank measurements)
continuously. This can be used for burn-
in tests, or to check pneumatic system
after changing any main fluidic parts.
You can have information about
stability, cleanliness, HGB operation,
and counting time stability. Results of
the PLT and HGB blank results are
displayed in table format.
You can detect any kind of noise, or
bubbles in the system if the PLT is not
stable low, or HGB has big variation. To
exit from this mode press the Abort
button (at the end of a normal cycle) until the Stress operation is finished.
5.2.5 Needle position check

The service personal can check the correct needle setting touching Needle position check
button. If the needle opto is set correctly, then after the button touch the needle lower end is
co-planar with the bottom plane of the washing head. If it doesn’t then adjust the needle opto
up or down and check the position again.
5.2.6 Statistics
Statistics screen display number of
successful or non-successful starts,
shutdown, measurements etc. and this
function is designed for service engineers
to diagnose some errors and faults,
mainly for operation loading and user
behavior. Statistics can be deleted by
service in case repairing or after testing.
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5.3 Diagnostics Menu

If you are logged as “service” user, some
new items in diagnostics menu are
appeared.
In menu Diagnostics – Device information

you can display HW and SW informations
about instrument – this informations are
useful for remote service.
Device informations
Screen test can display some screen

errors or can be used for contrast setting
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 SERVICE OPERATION
6 SERVICE OPERATION
6.1 Reagent Lock System
The ELite3 is equipped with a Reagent Lock System. Dependent of device there are OPEN
and CLOSED system. A Reagent Lock Module shall be connected to the MAIN board to start
measurements with the analyzer.
If the Reagent Lock Module is present and it is an OPEN module it has no effect on the
operation.
If the Reagent Lock Module is present and it is a CLOSED module the following service
options are available.
6.1.1 Check available measure count

Log in as Service User.
Enter the Maintenance→Reagent status

menu
The Measurement credit number is

displayed.
6.1.2 Upload arbitrary number of measurement credit from HK

Log in as Service User.
Enter the Maintenance→Reagent status

menu
Plug in the HK on the Reagent Lock

connector.
Touch Upload button

.
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Available is the currently existing number

of measurements stored in the Reagent
Lock Module.
The number Hardware Key is the

currently available measurement number
credit that could be transferred from the
Hardware Key to the Reagent Lock
Module.
The Upload number is the selected credit

number to upload. Touch the button
displaying the number to change its
value. Please note that the selected
number of credits will be transferred to
Reagent Lock Module which could not be revoked. The available credits on HK is the
maximum number to upload.
Press Accept to Upload the selected number of credits.
If you want to upload all the measurement credit from Hardware Key to the Reagent Lock
Module than you can still use the method which is available for Users as follows:
Plug in the HK to the Reagent Lock connector and then press the Reset button of the Lyse
reagent. This will transfer all the measurement credits to the Reagent Lock Module.
6.2 Possible Causes of Noise

Generally high count of any particle - even if you think it should be low, or near zero - can be
caused by NOISE, i.e. something interferes with measurement.
The most important thing in these cases to identify the source of NOISE, otherwise you
cannot protect the system against it.
NOISE can come from has several sources, and the different NOISE sources are added.
Sometimes we have to fight one of them, but sometimes more. Only one of them is enough
to make problem.
6.2.1 Contaminated reagent

The most probable cause: real particles are in the reagent, and therefore the PLT blank is
continuously high (e.g. always 30-40). You can easily sort out this case by replacing
diluent by opening a new tank. PLT blank must go down is several blank measurements
(below 10).
How can a good reagent become bad by time?

• If the reagent tube was contaminated, and some bacteria begin to grow inside, once
you put an infected reagent tube into a new tank, by time it can become infected as
well, i.e. the background (PLT blank) becomes high. Wash the reagent tube - which is
in connection with the reagent - with 1% of bleach solution, then rinse with clean
distilled water or diluent. It can avoid the bacteria to grow inside.
• If tank is open – and cap is not installed or closed - external dust can make reagent
dirty.
6.2.2 Bad earth grounding

In this case external - ground referenced - noise can get into the system by ground
coupling. If system ground is not good enough, ground terminal can become a noise source
as well, i.e. external signals will be coupled into the system instead of protecting it.
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If no earth ground is available, you can use a screw at the rear panel to connect a ground
potential to the case, so that noise immunity can be increased.
Measure voltage on ground terminal to make sure earth grounding is correct. AC voltage
lower than 1V is accepted in this case.
At some places - as a bad practice - electricians like to connect earth ground terminal to
neutral wire. Depending on the resistance of the neutral back wire (where it is really earthed),
several volts can appear, and this way any inductive noise will be coupled into the
instrument. It is better to create a real earth grounding and connecting it to the rear screw.
6.2.3 External electrical noise

If another instrument is near the analyzer can radiate electromagnetic signals in the 1 kHz -
100 kHz frequency region it can be picked up by the system (especially if they are very close
to each other, or the grounding is not quite perfect).
You can easily identify this noise source: by relocating the instrument noise (high PLT blank)
disappears. In this case you have to identify the possible noise source (switch mode power
supplies, computer monitors, since they are not shielded, centrifuges due to high switching
noise of rotor contacts, etc.), the power of the electromagnetic source, because if high power
is present, maybe relocation does not solve your problems, sometimes the electric power
supply makes the coupling, so UPS solves the problem.
Another source of coupling in external noise can be the reagent tanks and tubes. Especially
radio transmitters can cause problems of radiating so that even the reagents (diluent) guides
in the noise. A metal pack for the diluent tank, then a good earth grounding of this metal box
allows this coupling to disappear forever.
6.2.4 Internal noise sources

The most annoying but real cause is some sort of internal noise. The reason for this
phenomenon is that inside electrode - hot point - of the measuring circuit must be well
insulated from surrounding electronics, otherwise inside noise sources can take their effect.
A. Bad chamber insulation:
• bad shielding of the chamber (floating shield couples signals to the chamber, and
does not prevent against them). Check grounding of shield, remove it and clean the
surface between the shield and the metal base.
• bad reference electrode connection (floating ground reference). Repair is required.
• bad sealing of aperture. Replacement of measuring tube is required.
• broken measuring chamber starts to conduct through the gaps (ground path).
Replacement of chamber is required.
• contaminated draining tube starts to conduct due to protein or lipid build-up. It is
very easy to identify this case. After replacing the drain tube of the measuring
chamber (mainly WBC), WBC histogram peak, or PLT becomes low soon. Normally a
good cleaner is required to dissolve lipid or protein build-up. Sometimes the cleaner is
not strong enough to keep this tube clean enough. Periodic washing using 1% hand
warm bleach solution helps.
B. Bad insulation of electronic signal paths:
In these cases check for any capacitive coupling of electronic signals to the chamber:
• interference with HGB head (high-frequency signal is coupled to the chamber).
HGB head metal parts must be grounded. The ground comes externally, it must be in
place, otherwise HGB head does not shield, but couples in noise.
• interference with internal high voltage inverter (high-frequency signal is coupled
to the chamber). Repair is required: avoid near contact of HVB cable to chamber or
shielded amplifier cable.
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• interference with internal start button (polling signal to start button may cause
noise). Guide start button wires as far from chamber as possible. You may try mix
them up on the start micro-switch if applicable.
• interference with display cable (high-frequency LCD signal is coupled to
the chamber by the ribbon cable). Keep the ribbon cable far from the chamber.
• interference with CPU fan or other digital logic traces (CPU fan or other digital
signal radiates to chamber or to the shielded amplifier cable). Try keeping the ribbon
cables far from the chamber and shielded cable.
• Interference with motor cables (motor signals radiates to chamber or to the
shielded amplifier cable). Try keeping the motor cables far from the chamber and
shielded cable and after each manipulation (or changing motor) twist all motor cables
together
Fig.39 – Properly twisted motor cables
C. Bad components, or connections:

• bad soldering, salt residuals or component failure on amplifier (especially if
some reagent could get in the amplifier section). Cleaning of PCB/electrode socket or
replacement of amplifier is required. Check for the correct soldering of reference
cable and its connector.
• circuit board bad soldering or component failure. Check the shielded cable
connections as well. Sometimes inside out connection (hot electrode goes outside as
a shield) is the problem: both ends of amplifier signal cable must be reversed.
• analog signal ribbon cable (it picks up noise). Check the ribbon cable between the
circuit board and the amplifier. Maybe it is pinched under some screws or
components. This may cause trouble and even noise.
D. Pneumatic failures, liquid paths that conduct noise into the chamber:
• liquid remains under the chamber in drain tube (during measurement the
conducting liquid remains inside the drain tube making noise to appear there).
o Check chamber draining path for clogging or salt crystals.
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o Check the pump operation. Since draining of the chamber goes under
pressure control, maybe a bad pressure sensor or connection can cause
trouble.
o Clean the draining path. Do not use alcohol, but bleach. Replace chamber if
necessary.
• liquid remains in the washing inlet at top of the chamber (during measurement
the conducting liquid remains inside the chamber wash tube making noise to appear).
The software is not compatible with the mechanics, or related valve is bad/partly
clogged, or the tubing is clogged/loose.
• lyse path guides in noise (during counting, if the a liquid in the draining tube is
touching lyse reagent in T-fitting, noise can appear). Check the lyse path, and the
lyse valve as well.
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 MAINTENANCE
7 MAINTENANCE
7.1 Weekly User Maintenance
Perform weekly maintenance before turning on the power switch. The right side has a side
door giving access to the fluidic system and the mechanical parts easily.
7.1.1 Cleaning needle washing head

Needle washing head cleans the outer surface of the aspirating needle with diluent.
Any salt build-up on the lower surface may cause malfunction during operation. Use a soft
cloth or wiper dampened with water to clean this area. You can see the washing head
indicated in the following figure:
Washing head
Measuring
chambers
Measuring
apertures
Fig.40 – Measuring chambers block
1. Exit Measure menu. Open the side door after the needle has stopped moving.
2. Gently rub the lower surface of the washing head with a damp cloth or wiper to
remove the salt build-up.
3. Close the side door.
7.2 Periodic Maintenance by Service

The instruments should be checked and maintenance must be carried out in every 6-12
months, or after 10 000 measurement cycles.
7.2.1 Check Self test and Device statistics

Run the built-in Self test and check the overall test result. Check the device statistics to find
common problems.
7.2.2 Cleaning and Greasing Dilutor Block

The dilutor block driving wheels and gear bar should be cleaned from dirt and must be
greased between the gear bar and the support, and between cogged wheels.
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 MAINTENANCE
7.2.3 Checking and Lubricating Dilutor Piston Tips

The cogged end of PTFE dilutor pistons should be cleaned and lubricated by neutral silicon
grease. Apply just a thin layer, and move it along the perimeter of the piston, so that some of
the material goes into the gaps between the sealing rings.
Repeat this step for lyse and dilutor pistons as well. Check the condition of the micro piston
sealing, and replace if necessary.
7.2.4 Checking and Replacing Washing Head

Check the state of the washing head, and replace if necessary. After replacing washing
head, do not forget to perform correct adjustment of sampling needle height (see section 4.2
and 4.3).
7.2.5 Bleaching of Fluidic System

It is recommended to run a bleaching procedure to remove stains from the fluidic system.
1. Connect 2-5%, hand warm, clean bleach solution to all reagent inputs, and perform
priming on all reagent inputs.
2. Leave it in the tubing for not more than 2-3 minutes.
3. Remove the bleach, prime on air.
4. Connect distilled water (100 ml), and perform priming all reagents, again.
Connect reagents, and run priming again.
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ELite 3 Service Manual v2.0 APPENDICES
8 APPENDICES
8.1 Warning flags
Analyzer SW displays warning flags for each individual measurement to notify user about
status of results. The following table summarizes warning flags and gives explanation of
their possible cause and a few hints to overcome the problem.
Uppercase letters refer to WBC or HGB problems.
Flag Meaning Recommended user action

E No WBC 3-part Possible lyse problem. May occur in pathological lymphocytosis.
differential
H HGB blank is high, or no Repeat the blank measurement. If HGB blank is not stable there are
HGB blank probably bubbles in the WBC chamber: Run a cleaning and try blank
again. Close the side door if open during measurement.
B WBC blank is high, or no Repeat the blank measurement, or run prime lyse and try blank again.
WBC blank Possible lyse contamination, or noise problem.
M linearity range exceeded The analyzer found that the cell count is higher than the linearity range of
in WBC stage the analyzer. Make a pre-dilution, and run the same sample in prediluted
mode
R RBC cells found in RBC cells were detected during the WBC measurement. Either the lyse
sample during WBC reagent is not effective enough (volume should be increased) or the
stage RBC’s in the sample are somewhat lyse resistive
W WBC 3-part warning Probably large PLTs or clumped PLTs are present in the sample. Usually
caused by the nature of the sample. cat and goat samples tend to clump.
Intensive, but careful mixing of the sample (e.g. Vortex) can help remove
the clumps. If the rerun sample gives the same results, consider that
WBC and NEU values seem higher because of the clumps. Lyse
modification can’t solve the problem.
L RBC-WBC limit warning Typically insufficiently lysed RBC’s interfere with the start of the WBC
histogram. Repeating the measurement with an increased lyse volume
should provide better separation. If the repeated run reports very similar
results then the MON and NEU results are VALID but the WBC and LYM
results may be higher because of interfering RBCs.
C WBC clogging Aperture clogging. Perform cleaning and repeat the measurement. If it is
a general problem, please contact your Service Personnel.
Low temperature reagents can cause it as well (mainly diluent), in this
case you will have to wait until they reach room temperature.
Summary of warning flags related to WBC/HGB
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Warning flags in lowercase refer to RBC or PLT problems.

Flag Meaning Recommended user action
m linearity range exceeded in The analyzer found that the cell count is higher than the linearity
PLT/RBC stage range of the analyzer. Make a predilution, and run the same sample
in prediluted mode
k RBC peak error Multiple or incorrect RBC peak(s) detected. Try to run the sample
again.
l PLT / RBC limit not correct PLT and RBC cells could not be separated, or the histogram
remained high in the PLT/RBC valley range.
c RBC/PLT clogging The same action as in case of the C warning flag.
p PLT blank is high, or no PLT Run cleaning and repeat the blank measurement.
blank
Diluent or system cleanliness problem. If it is stable high, replace the
diluent by opening a new tank.
b RBC blank is high, or no RBC
Same action as in case of warning flag p.
blank
Summary of warning flags related to RBC/PLT
8.2 USB B connector communication

The byte stream is a human readable ASCII character stream, with occasional control
characters. Most programming environments are able to handle this stream as a simple
ASCII string or text. The stream is line-oriented with special characters to separate fields.
The protocol has a single format for transmitting a single measurement record. If more
records are sent, they are simply chained together one after the other.
8.2.1 Characters and basic structure

The byte stream uses the ASCII characters in the range 1..255 (http://en.wikipedia.org/Ascii),
or 0x01..0xFF in hexadecimal.
A record transmission consists of three parts: a small header, a big text body, and a small
footer. A single record is never longer than 8192 bytes. A transmission always starts with the
control character „Start of Header” (<SOH>, 1, 0x01). The second character is a counter: it
will contain a single uppercase English letter in the range „A” to „Z”, incrementing with every
record. The first record will contain „A”, the second will contain „B”, etc. If the instrument
sends many records without being turned off, the counter will overflow from „Z” to „A”. The
third character is an identifier: if the instrument is an E3, it will be an uppercase „A”, and in
case of the E3 it will be an uppercase „N”. The fourth character is the control character „Start
of Text” (<STX>, 2, 0x02). The fifth and consecutive characters form the body of the
transmission. The body may contain characters from the printable range (32..126,
0x20..0xFF), and the control characters „Horizontal tab” (<HT> or <TAB>, 9, 0x09), „Carriage
return” (<CR>,13, 0x0D), and „Line feed” (<LF>, 10, 0x0A). The body contains several lines
separated by a two-byte sequence <CR><LF>. See below for the detailed description of the
contents. The body of the transmission is closed by the control character „End of Text”
(<ETX>, 3, 0x03).
The footer consists of a two-character checksum in a two-digit hexadecimal form. The
checksum is calculated by summing up the values of all characters in the message header
and body, including the beginning <SOT> character and the last <ETX> character, adding
255 (hex: 0xFF) to it, and keeping only the last two hexadecimal(!) digits.
The last character of a record is always the single control character „End of Transmission”
(<EOT>, 4, 0x04). There is no terminating „NULL” (<NUL>, 0, 0x00) character at the end.
The next record can start right after the <EOT> character.
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8.2.2 Details of the 3.1 protocol

The body of a transmission is line-oriented, separated by the two-byte „Carriage Return”
„Line Feed” (<CR> <LF>, 13 10, 0x0D 0x0A) sequence. A single line might contain one or
more fields, separated by the „Horizontal tab” (<HT>, 9, 0x09) character.
The following lines are usually composed of an identifier field and one or more value fields,
all separated by the <HT> character. The characters in bold appear in the transmission
exactly as written, without any variance between records. Control characters are marked with
the < and > characters, for example <HT>. {Comments} are marked with { and }, and are not
included in the actual transmission. For a more detailed discussion on the meanings of the
various parameters and histograms, please refer to the instruments’ user manuals.
header1 {header1 to header8 are the lab header lines}

header2 {these lines are defined by the user in the instrument settings}
header3 {any or all of these lines can be empty}
header4
header5
header6
header7
header8
Serial No.:<HT>serial {serial is the 6 digit serial number of the instrument}
RecNo:<HT>recno {recno is the internal record number, at most 6 digits}
Sample ID:<HT>sampleid {sampleid is at most 8 characters long}
Patient ID:<HT>patientid {patientid is at most 20 characters long}
Patient Name:<HT>patientname {patinetname is at most 32 characters long}
Mode:<HT>mode {}
Doctor:<HT>doctor {doctor is at most 16characters long}
Age:<HT>value<HT>unit {value is a number of at most 3 digits, unit is either „years” or
„months”}
Birth(ymd):<HT>birthdate {birthdate is an 8 digit number, format: yyyymmdd}
Sex:<HT>gender {gender is „Male”, „Female”, „Neutered”, „Spayed” or a single „-”
character}
Test date(ymd):<HT>date {date is an 8 digit number, format: yyyymmdd}
Test time(hm):<HT>time {time is a 6 digit number, format: hhmmss}
Param<HT>Flags<HT>Value<HT>Unit<HT>[min-max] {this is a header line, always the same}
param<HT>flag<HT>value<HT>unit<HT>[min-max] { there are 24 similar lines
param is the parameter name, at most four characters long,
possible values are (in sequence): WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT,
MCV, MCH, MCHC, PLT, PCT, MPV, PDWs, PDWc, RDWs,
RDWc, LYM, MON, NEU, LY%, MO%, NE%, EOS, EO%, BAS,
BA%
flag is a single character indicator, can be „ ” (space), „+”, „-”,
„E” and „*”(asterisk) value is the measured parameter value,
exactly 4 characters: number with a possible decimal dot,
padded with spaces on the left side, or 4 minus signs „----”, or 4
spaces „ ” unit is at most 4 characters long, possible values are
„10^9/l”, „10^3/ul”, „10^12/l”, „10^6/ul”, „fl”, „%”, „g/l”, „g/dl”,
„mmol/l”, „pg”, „fmol”, depending on the parameter
min and max are the lower and upper bounds of the normal
range, exactly 4 characters, including a possible decimal dot,
padded with spaces on the left side}
Flags:<HT>flags {flags is a series of characters indicating errors, at most 32
characters long, upper or lowercase letters „a” to „z”}
WBC graph {always the same, indicates the beginning of the WBC
histogram}
Scale(fl):<HT>wbcscale {wbcscale is maximum 3 digit number, indicating the fl value of
the last channel, value is usually 400}
Channels:<HT>wbcchannels { wbcchannels is the number of channels (columns) in the
histogram, always 256 }
58 Revision 2012.01
WMarker1:<HT>wm1 {wm1 is the first WBC discriminator channel (RBC/WBC) }

WMarker2:<HT>wm2 {wm2 is the second WBC discriminator channel (LYM/MON) }
WMarker3:<HT>wm3 {wm3 is the third WBC discriminator channel (MON/NEU) }
Points:<HT>ch0<HT> ………<HT>ch255 {chxx is the histogram height at a given channel (range
0..255),
there are always wbcchannels values here (usually 256) }
RBC graph {always the same, indicates the beginning of the RBC
histogram}
Scale(fl):<HT>rbcscale {rbcscale is maximum 3 digit number, indicating the fl value of
Channels:<HT>rbcchannels { rbcchannels is the number of channels (columns) in the
histogram, always 256}
RMarker1:<HT>rm1 {rm1 is the RBC discriminator channel (PLT/RBC) }
Points:<HT>ch0<HT> ………<HT>ch255 {chxx is the histogram height at a given channel (range
0..255),
there are always rbcchannels values here (usually 256) }
EOS graph {always the same, indicates the beginning of the EOS
histogram}
Scale(fl):<HT>eosscale {eosscale is maximum 3 digit number, indicating the fl value of
Channels:<HT>eoschannels {eoschannels is the number of channels (columns) in the
EMarker1:<HT>em1 {em1 is the EOS discriminator channel (WBC/EOS) }
Points:<HT>ch0<HT> ………<HT>ch255 {chxx is the histogram height at a given channel (range 0..255),
there are always eoschannels values here (usually 256) }
PLT graph {always the same, indicates the beginning of the PLT
histogram}
Scale(fl):<HT>pltscale {pltscale is maximum 3 digit number, indicating the fl value of
the
last channel, value is usually 50}
Channels:<HT>pltchannels {pltchannels is the number of channels (columns) in the
PMarker1:<HT>pm1 {pm1 is the first PLT discriminator channel (PLT start) }
PMarker2:<HT>pm2 {pm2 is the second PLT discriminator channel (PLT/RBC) }
Points:<HT>ch0<HT>ch1<HT>………<HT>ch255 {chxx is the histogram height at a given channel
(range
0..255), there are always pltchannels values here
usually 256) }
As mentioned above, after the last channel value in the PLT histogram the body of the record is closed
with the control character „End of Text” (<ETX>, 3, 0x03).
59 Revision 2012.01
8.3 Wiring diagram

Sample rotor/Horizontal
Printer movement optosensors
Valves 1-5 Valves 6-11
wire Left Right

s 1-1 wires 10-20
Horizontal Vertical 0 wires 1-3
motor(1) motor(2) wires 4-6
ACS860 J7503
Printer Dilutor
Valves optosensors
cable cable
56
A CS 8 or
to s ens
Display Op
cable
Upper Lower
left right
7-9 10-12
wires wires
ACS851 ACS863 Upper Lower

LCD flat left right
AJ60
cable Dilutor
ACS855 Optosens 4-6 7-9
BLTSST cable or cable wire wire
ACS852
Internal
Start button USB
Start button
cable A38853 cable
Status
Status LED panel LED Power
A38852 Front USB
Digio cable panel
ACS857
Power
switch
cable
A38854
Amplifier cable
Amplifier cable
Main Power
ACS853
ACS853
switch
board
Amplifiers EIB cable (EIB RBC) EIB cable (EIB WBC)

A38812 A38811 Vertical
optosensor
A3CP191
USB cable 4 pin
Pump I. Pump II.
Reagent 13-15
Measuring Reagent Lock wires
block Lock System Dilutor Dilutor
connector Module motor motor
panel right(3) left (4)
4/4
Fig.41 – Wiring diagram
60 Revision 2012.01
8.4 Tubing schematics
Fig.42 – Tubing diagram
8.5 Recommended kit of tools

• Screwdrivers:
o Cross Slot Screwdrivers (Philips)
o Slot Screwdrivers
o Hexagon Screwdrivers (3.5, 2.5, 2.0, 1.5 mm sizes)
• Pocket digital multimeter
• Diagonal Cutter (plier)
• Nipper
61 Revision 2012.01
8.6 General SW installation guide

Download the install package.
The file usually requires a password to be opened. Acquire password at
service@erbalachema.com
The file usually contains the following files

(the below example is for SW 2.2 – released 26.JUN 2012):
• res.arc
• acs.RTB
• res.xml
• folder BOOT with boot.rtb file
Be careful, files all SW versions have the same names without version
identification! User must maintenance files in properly labelled folders!
For SW installation switch off instrument and insert pen drive with new software version into
USB slot. You can use any USB A instrument slots, but some pen drives can operate only in
back or only in front slot (it depends on pen drive manufacturer).
Files must be uploaded on root of pen drive and it is strongly recommended use empty
formatted pen drive for uploading. File system must be FAT or FAT32 only.
Switch on instrument, pen drive is automatically loaded and message is appeared:
Click OK and install software – installation takes several minutes and after installation is
instrument automatically restarted. Remove pen drive from USB slot after restart. All settings
from previous version are kept.
62 Revision 2012.01
8.7 List of spare parts

Service kit-
pcs
Maintenance (<10
Cat. No. Part description Category / Service analyzers)
50003843 ELITE 3 (FOR230V) POWER CABLE Cables/connectors
A701 S 1
50003979 ELITE INTERNAL USB CABLE (EL) Cables/connectors
ACS852 S 1
50004137 ELITE 3 LCD FLAT CABLE (EL) Cables/connectors
ACS851 S 1
50004139 ELITE 3 BLTSST CABLE (EL) Cables/connectors S 1
50004141 ELITE 3 VALVES CABLE (EL) Cables/connectors
ACS860 S 1
50004142 ELITE 3 DILUTOR OPTOCABLE Cables/connectors
ACS863 S 1
50004143 ELITE 3 AMPLIFIER SHIELDED Cables/connectors
CABLE J721 S 1
50004144 ELITE 3 RIBBON CABLE 10P Cables/connectors
(PRINTER) J7503 S 1
50004155 ELITE 3 POWER ON CABLE (EL) Cables/connectors
ACS857 S 1
50003842 ELITE 3 EXTERNAL POWER Electronics
SUPPLY J155 S 2
50003954 ELITE FRONT USB PCBA J190 Electronics S 1
50004125 ELITE 3 COLOR LCD WITH Electronics
TOUCHSCREEN ACS405 S 2
50004126 ELITE 3 EIB BOARD OJ6811 Electronics S 1
50004127 ELITE 3 BATTERY ON MAIN BOARD Electronics
OJ6812 S/M 1
50004129 ELITE 3 OPTOSENSOR (EL) ACS803 Electronics S 1
50004131 ELITE 3 COMPLETE AXIOHM Electronics
PRINTER S900 S 1
50004132 ELITE 3 STEPPER MOTOR A302 Electronics S 1
50004133 ELITE 3 HGB MEASURING HEAD Electronics
(COMPLETE) A434 S 2
50004136 ELITE 3 AMPLIFIER BOARD OJ6140 Electronics S 1
50004240 ELITE DIMMBOARD WITH SD CARD Electronics
C192 S 2
50004241 ELITE SUB-MINIATURE FUSE OMF Electronics
63 F5A ASC160 S 4
50004243 ELITE 3 ACS MAIN PCB v3.1 Electronics
(WITHOUT DIMMBOARD) DBM802 S 2
50004251 ELITE 3 DILUTOR OPTO BLOCK Electronics S 1
50004285 ELITE 3 (II) AMPLIFIER BOARD Electronics
A38140 S 2
50004055 ELITE GREASE FOR COGWHEELS Mechanics
(SHELL RETINAX) A597 M 5
50004056 ELITE GREASE FOR VERTICAL AXIS Mechanics
(PHOTOLUBE) A598 M 5
50004057 ELITE SILICONE GREASE FOR Mechanics
DILUTOR PISTONS A599 M 5
50004061 ELITE 3 INSTRUMENT COVER Mechanics
PLATE (OEM EL) OJ6501 S
63 Revision 2012.01
Service kit-
pcs
Maintenance (<10
50004062 ELITE 3 INSTRUMENT SIDE DOOR Mechanics
(OEM EL) OJ6601 S
50004063 ELITE 3 MAGNET FOR DOOR A623 Mechanics S
50004064 ELITE 3 DOOR MOUNTING PLATE Mechanics
ACS602 S
50004066 ELITE 3 ASSEMBLED EL3 BOB Mechanics
OJ3200 S 1
50004074 ELITE 3 TIMING BELT HORIZONTAL Mechanics
ACS805 S 1
50004075 ELITE 3 TIMING BELT VERTICAL Mechanics
ACS806 S 1
50004076 ELITE 3 BEARING BALL D4mm Mechanics
ACS807 S 1
50004086 ELITE 3 U-SHAPED METAL FIXING Mechanics
FOR APERTURE A403 S
50004096 ELITE 3 CIRCLIP (RA5) A314 Mechanics S
50004118 ELITE 3 SPACER, MAIN BOARD Mechanics
ACS109 S
50004146 ELITE 3 TUBE ADAPTER J903 Mechanics S 3
50004147 ELITE 3 TUBE ADAPTER II J904 Mechanics S 3
50004148 ELITE 3 TUBE ADAPTER III J905 Mechanics S 2
50004249 ELITE 3 NEEDLE SHAFT COMPLETE Mechanics S 1
50004250 ELITE 3 DILUTOR BLOCK - Mechanics
MECHANICS, MOTORS S 1
50004252 ELITE 3 PCB MOUNTING SUPPORT Mechanics
BLOCK ASC801 S
50004255 ELITE 3 DIMM PC FIXING J195 Mechanics S
51001262 ELITE GROUNDING CABLE Mechanics S 1
50003841 ELITE WASTE CONTAINER Pneumatics S 1
50003939 ELITE CLEANING TUBE KIT Pneumatics S 2
50004020 ELITE PUFFER RESERVOIR ELITE Pneumatics
A510 S 1
50004041 ELITE VALVE 2/2 A504 Pneumatics S 4
50004042 ELITE VALVE 3/2 A505 Pneumatics S 4
50004051 ELITE T-CONNECTOR A556 2,3 mm Pneumatics
A556 S 1
50004052 ELITE T-CONNECTOR 3,2 mm A545 Pneumatics S 1
50004084 ELITE 3 ASSEMBLED MEASURING Pneumatics
UNIT EL3 OJ6810 S 1
50004085 ELITE 3 SEALING RING FOR CONE Pneumatics
FOR CHAMBERS A402 S 2
50004087 ELITE 3 MEASURING TUBE 80um Pneumatics
A421 S 2
50004088 ELITE 3 REFERENCE ELECTRODE A Pneumatics
422 S 2
50004089 ELITE 3 WBC CHAMBER WITH CAP Pneumatics
(ELITE) A430 S 1
50004090 ELITE 3 MEASURING TUBE (100um) Pneumatics
A431 S 2
50004091 ELITE 3 RBC CHAMBER COMPLETE Pneumatics
WITH ELECTRODE 16400/160 AP420 S 1
64 Revision 2012.01
Service kit-
pcs
Maintenance (<10
50004093 ELITE 3 O RING FOR CHAMBER Pneumatics
EXTENDER C548 S/M 3
50004094 ELITE 3 CONE FOR MACRO/MICRO Pneumatics
SYRINGE A206 S 3
50004095 ELITE 3 RUBBER SEALING RING Pneumatics
(d7/D12) A215 S 2
50004098 ELITE 3 MICRO PISTON Pneumatics
(HYSTERESIS TYPE EL) ACS702 S 1
50004099 ELITE 3 LYSE SYRINGE S202S Pneumatics S 2
50004100 ELITE 3 MICRO SYRINGE S2030 Pneumatics S 1
50004101 ELITE 3 MOUNTED DILUTER BLOCK Pneumatics
(OEM EL3) OJ6700 S
50004112 ELITE 3 REAGENT TUBE (SILICON) Pneumatics
5/3 A5421 S 2m
50004113 ELITE 3 TYGON TUBE (R3603) 3/5 Pneumatics
A5435 S 5m
50004114 ELITE 3 O RING FOR WBC Pneumatics
CHAMBER (NBR 11x2,5) A548 S/M 3
50004115 ELITE 3 O RING FOR MEASURING Pneumatics
TUBE A549 S/M 3
50004116 ELITE 3 TEFLON REAGENT Pneumatics
CONTAINER CONNECTOR A557 S 1
50004117 ELITE 3 O RING OR 1.5x1 NBR70 Pneumatics
A5606 S 3
50004119 ELITE 3 WASH HEAD ACS130 Pneumatics S/M 5
50004121 ELITE 3 NEEDLE ACS307 Pneumatics S 2
50004122 ELITE 3 VALVE COIL A506 Pneumatics S 1
50004123 ELITE 3 ASSEMBLED VALVE UNIT Pneumatics
(1-5) OJ6620 S 1
50004124 ELITE 3 ASSEMBLED VALVE UNIT Pneumatics
(6-11) OJ6621 S 1
50004130 ELITE 3 PUMP (RD1S) ACS804 Pneumatics S 2
50004150 ELITE 3 REAGENT TUBE KIT (WITH Pneumatics
CAP) OJ659 S/M 2
50004253 ELITE 3 CHAMBER EXTENDER C406 Pneumatics S 1
50004254 ELITE 3 CHAMBER WITH EXTENDER Pneumatics
C430 S 1
50004319 ELITE 3 STEEL REAGENT Pneumatics
CONNECTOR DCB-A5555 S 15
65 Revision 2012.01

Elite 3 (Ii) : Hematology Analyzer

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ELite 3 (II)

ERBA LACHEMA s.r.o.

3.2.7 Cleaning process ............................................................................................33

7.2.1 Check Self test and Device statistics ...............................................................54

Note: Screenshots from software menus are not numbered as figures.

1.1 Name and serial number

1.2 Intended use

1.3 Integrated software

1. Counting chambers with electrodes and measuring aperture

2.1.1 Counting chamber with electrodes and measuring aperture

Assembled measuring tube

Reference electrode U-shaped metal

Fig.1 – RBC measuring chamber assembly

2.1.2 HGB Measuring Head

Connection to the amplifier

Fig.2 – HGB head assembly

The analyzer performs enhanced hemoglobin measurement technology for HGB

There are two kinds of HGB measurement:

Due to enhanced HGB technology, E3 is less sensitive to incident light changes.

2.1.3 Cell Counter Amplifier Boards

Fig. 3 – Amplifier board

2.1.4 MAIN CPU Board

Opto detectors’ shift register

High Voltage Circuit

Fig.4 – Mainboard with DimmBoard, front view

Valves Connector Pump Connector #1

Pressure Printer Connector

Motor Connectors Connectors to Optos

Front Panel USB

USB B Type Interface

Power Switch Connector

Fig.5 – Mainboard DimmBoard, rear view

2.1.5 DimmBoard Module

USB3 conn. CPU MicroSD card slot

Fig.6 – DimmBoard, front and rear view

2.1.6 Reagent Lock Module

Fig.7 – Reagent lock module

2.1.7 Opto sensors

Fig.8 – Opto sensors

2.1.8 Valve boards

Fig.9 – Valve board (valves 6-11)

2.1.9 TFT Display and START button Board

Front USB board

Ribbon cable from

Fig.10 – Display board, front panel boards

2.1.10 External Power Supply

Fig.11 – External power supply

2.2 Main mechanic and fluidic parts

ELITE 3 Analyzers consist of the following mechanic and fluidic parts:

Fig.12 – Fluidic part

2.2.1 Sample/Horizontal and Vertical motors

Fig.13 – Sample rotor motor and needle mechanics

Sample rotor is maintenance-free.

2.2.2 Sampling needle

2.2.3 Needle washing head

Fig.14 – Needle wash head

Clean or replace washing head yearly, or after 10 000 measurements.

2.2.4 Puffer reservoir

The glass puffer reservoir is directly connected to the pressure sensor.