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    Making Salts:: Acids and Reactive Metals

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    Nur Dilshad
    Salt is produced by the reaction of an acid with a base, forming a cation from the base and an anion from the acid. Salts dissociate into ions when dissolved or molten, making them good electrolytes. Salts can be made by reacting acids with metal carbonates, bases, or reactive metals. Common table salt (sodium chloride) is used for cooking, food preservation, and de-icing. Other important salts include sodium hydroxide for soap making, baking soda for baking powder and fire extinguishers, and plaster of Paris for setting broken bones.

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    Making Salts:: Acids and Reactive Metals

    Uploaded by

    Nur Dilshad
    38 views3 pages
    Salt is produced by the reaction of an acid with a base, forming a cation from the base and an anion from the acid. Salts dissociate into ions when dissolved or molten, making them good electrolytes. Salts can be made by reacting acids with metal carbonates, bases, or reactive metals. Common table salt (sodium chloride) is used for cooking, food preservation, and de-icing. Other important salts include sodium hydroxide for soap making, baking soda for baking powder and fire extinguishers, and plaster of Paris for setting broken bones.

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    Salt is produced by the reaction of an acid with a base, forming a cation from the base and an anion from the acid. Salts dissociate into ions when dissolved or molten, making them good electrolytes. Salts can be made by reacting acids with metal carbonates, bases, or reactive metals. Common table salt (sodium chloride) is used for cooking, food preservation, and de-icing. Other important salts include sodium hydroxide for soap making, baking soda for baking powder and fire extinguishers, and plaster of Paris for setting broken bones.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    38 views3 pages

    Making Salts:: Acids and Reactive Metals

    Uploaded by

    Nur Dilshad
    Salt is produced by the reaction of an acid with a base, forming a cation from the base and an anion from the acid. Salts dissociate into ions when dissolved or molten, making them good electrolytes. Salts can be made by reacting acids with metal carbonates, bases, or reactive metals. Common table salt (sodium chloride) is used for cooking, food preservation, and de-icing. Other important salts include sodium hydroxide for soap making, baking soda for baking powder and fire extinguishers, and plaster of Paris for setting broken bones.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Salt

    Salt, in chemistry, substance produced by the reaction of an acid with a base. A salt consists of


    the positive ion (cation) of a base and the negative ion (anion) of an acid. The reaction between
    an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction. The term salt is also used to refer
    specifically to common table salt, or sodium chloride. When in solution or the molten state,
    most salts are completely dissociated into negatively and positively charged ions and are
    good electrolytes (conductors of electricity).

    Making salts:
    1. Acids and metal carbonates
    When acids react with carbonates, such as calcium carbonate (found in chalk, limestone and
    marble), a salt, water and carbon dioxide are made.
    acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
    sulfuric acid + iron(II) carbonate → iron(II) sulfate + water + carbon dioxide
    H2SO4 + FeCO3 → FeSO4 + H2O + CO2
    2. Acids and bases
    When acids react with a base, a salt and water are made.
    acid + base → salt + water
    nitric acid + magnesium oxide → magnesium nitrate + water
    2HNO3 + MgO → Mg(NO3)2 + H2O

    3. Acids and reactive metals


    Acids will react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc, to make a salt and
    hydrogen.

    acid + metal → salt + hydrogen

    hydrochloric acid + zinc → zinc chloride + hydrogen

    2HCl + Zn → ZnCl2 + H2

    .List of the Important Salt and their Uses:


     Sodium Chloride or Common Salt (NaCl)
    Used in cooking food as well as for cooking gas.
    Used as a preservative in pickles and in curing meat and fish.
    Used in the manufacture of soap.
    Used to melt the ice in winter in cold countries.
    Used for making chemical likes washing Soda, baking soda etc.
     Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
    Used for making soap and detergent
    Used for making artificial textile fibre (rayon)
    Used in the manufacturing of paper
    Used for purification of bauxite ore
    Used in de-greasing metals, oil refining and making dyes and bleaches
     Baking Soda or Sodium Bi-carbonate (NaHCO3)
    Used as neutralising agent (antacid)
    Used for making baking powder
    Used  in fire extinguisher
    Bleaching Powder or Calcium Hypochlorite
    Used as bleaching agent in cotton industry and paper industry for bleaching cotton and linen as
    well as wood pulp respectively
    Used for disinfecting drinking water
     Used for making chloroform (CHCl3)
    Used for making the wool unshrinkable
    Plaster of Paris or Hemihydrate Calcium sulphate, CaSO4 1/2 H2O
    Used in hospital for setting fractured bone
    Used for making toys, decoration material cheap ornament, chalk etc
    Used for fire-proofing material
    Used for making surface smooth. The name of the salt comes from the name of acid. For
    Example- Hydrochloride acids are called Chlorides, Sulphuric Acid are called Sulphates, NitriAcid
    are called Nitrates, Carbonic acid are called Carbonates, and Acetic acid are called acetates.
    1https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions, /
    2https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-the-important-salts-and-their-
    uses-1476361048-1
    3https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z7g26yc/revision/1

    Nur Dilshad

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