SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Lop 9
SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Lop 9
SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Lop 9
1. TO_INF + BE + ADJ...
→ IT + BE + ADJ + TO -Vo
To sit here with you is so nice. → It’s so nice to sit here with you.
2. IT + BE + ADJ + Ving
→ HOW + ADJ + (IT + BE) + TO_INF
It’s so nice sitting here with you. → How nice (it is) to sit here with you.
(Ngồi đây với bạn thật tuyệt)
3. TO_INF ...+ BE + ADJ/N
→ S + V + IT + ADJ/N + TO -Vo
To be there on time is important. → I find it important to be there on time.
(Tôi nhận thấy có mặt ở đó đúng giờ thì rất quan trọng)
4. THAT CLAUSE + BE + ADJ
→ S + V + IT + ADJ + THAT CLAUSE
That we should keep calm is important → I think it important that we should keep calm.
(Quan trọng là chúng ta phải giữ bình tĩnh)
5. TOO + ADJ + FOR(O)...+ TO_INF
→ ...SO + ADJ + THAT/IT+BE+SUCH + (A/AN+ ADJ) + N + THAT
The tea was too hot for me to drink. (Trà nóng quá tôi không thể uống)
→ The tea was so hot that I couldn’t drink it. (Trà nóng đến nỗi tôi không thể uống được)
→ It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it. (Đõ là một tách trà nóng đến nỗi tôi k thể uống đc)
6. ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR (O)...TO_INF
→...SO + ADJ + THAT/ IT+BE+SUCH + (A/AN + ADJ) + N + THAT
This song is simple enough for all of us to sing.
(Bài hát này đủ đơn giản để tất cả chúng ta hát)
→ This song is so simple that all of us can sing it.
(Bài hát này đơn giản đến nỗi tất cả chúng ta đều hát được)
→ It is such a simple song that all of us can sing it.
7. ...SO + ADJ + THAT(phủ định)
→ IT+BE+SUCH + (A /AN+ ADJ) + N + THAT ……
→ TOO + ADJ + FOR (O)..+ TO_INF
→ S +BE(NOT) +ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR ...TO_INF
The jacket is so small that I can’t wear it.
→ It is such a small jacket that I can’t wear it.
→ The jacket is too small for me to wear.
→ The jacket is not big enough for me to wear .
8. TOO + ADJ + FOR...+ TO_INF
↔ ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR ...TO_INF
The tea was too hot for her to drink. ↔ The tea was not cold enough for her to drink.
9. .... SO + ADJ + THAT ……
↔ IT+BE+SUCH + (A/AN + ADJ) + N + THAT ……
It is such lovely weather that we spend the whole day in the garden.
→ The weather is so lovely that we spend the whole day in the garden.
10. Clauses and phrases:
A.Clauses and phrases of reason:bởi vì
Because/ Since/As + Clause ( S+V )
Because of/ Due to/ Thanks to /Owing to+ Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )
*LƯU Ý: không dùng but sau Although/ Though/ Even though ,In spite of / Despite( không đi với of)
Cách đổi : S+V Noun Phrase
1. S(noun)+be+Adj Adj+Noun
2. S+be+Adj my,his,your,our,her,their,its +Noun(Noun’s Noun)
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Adj Noun
ill illness
sick sickness Ex : He was ill His illness
noisy noise
sad sadness
happy happiness
3. V + Adv Adj+ Noun
Verb Noun
behave behavior Ex: He behaves wellHis good hehavior
rain rain
work work
Adv Adj
very great
well good
heavily heavy
4. Verb Ving
Ex:
1. Because the weather is hot, I open the window.
Because of the hot weather, I open the window.
2.Although the weather was hot, we went out.
In spite of the hot weather, we went out.
3. Because he is lazy , he often gets bad marks .
Because of his laziness , he often gets bad marks .
4. Because the husbands were absent ,women went to work in factories.
Because of the absent husbands ,women went to work in factories.
Because of the husbands’ absence , women went to work in factories.
5. Although she didn’t ask him , he helped her.
In spite of her not asking him , he helped her.
6. It was raining heavily , but the boys were playing football.
Although/though It was raining heavily,the boys were playing football.
10. IF..................NOT.......... = UNLESS+S+V=WITHOUT+N.............(Nếu không.....thì/ Trừ phi.........)
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12. WISH / IF ONLY
Hiện tại: S + wish + S + V2/ed(BE WERE)
If only + S + V2/ed(BE WERE)
I am poor now. I wish / If only I were rich.
Quá khứ: S + wish + S + HAD +V3/ed
If only + S + HAD +V3/ed
I didn’t meet her . I wish / if only I had met her.
Tương lai: S + wish + S + would / could + Vo
If only + S + would / could + Vo
I can attend your wedding next week. I wish I could attend your wedding next week.
Lưu ý:khi viết lại câu với wish :câu phủ định câu xác định và ngược lại xác định câu phủ định
Ex : The letter which was sent to our customers yesterday was full of mistakes .
The letter sent to our customers yesterday was full of mistakes
3.To -Vo
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The only/first/second/last+noun + who / which / that + V ( chủ động) OR is/am/was…+ V 3/ed(bị động)
=>The only,first,second,last+noun +to-Vo ….. ( chủ động) / to+be+ V3/ed ….(bị động)
PRACTICE
1. Mr. Minh often spends fifteen minutes leading the buffalo to the field.
It often takes ____________________________________________________________
2. Quan always walk to school.
Quan always goes ________________________________________________________
3. I found it a bit difficult to get into work this morning.
Getting _________________________________________________________________
4. Their game of badminton is always on Tuesday.
They __________________________________________________________________
5. I started to play the piano when I was six.
I have __________________________________________________________________
6. I’m in England for the first time in my life.
This ___________________________________________________________________
7. The children are too young to see horror films.
The children aren’t _______________________________________________________
8. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough.
The sea was too __________________________________________________________
9. My father said I could use his car.
My father allowed ________________________________________________________
10. Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat ?
He suggested ____________________________________________________________
11. I’ll finish the work tonight if you like.
Would you like __________________________________________________________
12. The teacher didn’t allow the class to leave before 4:30.
The teacher made ________________________________________________________
13. We haven’t seen him for over twenty years.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
14. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.
The fog ________________________________________________________________
15. It is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read.
I have __________________________________________________________________
16. Although she lived in difficult countries, she worked very hard.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
17. We haven’t met since 1981.
It was in 1981 that ________________________________________________________
18. I came to London ten years ago.
I have __________________________________________________________________
19. They haven’t seen their uncle for ten years.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
20. Steve started learning the violin a month ago.
Steve __________________________________________________________________
21. I haven’t been to a Chinese restaurant for ages.
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It’s age _________________________________________________________________
22. The last time Nancy came here was in 1986.
Nancy hasn’t ____________________________________________________________
23. It’s a long time since our last conversation.
We ____________________________________________________________________
24. “I think you should go by train.” He told us.
He advised ______________________________________________________________
25. Julia cleaned the house. Then she went shopping.
After __________________________________________________________________
26. Jim was travelling in Paris. He met his old friends there.
While __________________________________________________________________
27. First Jane checked all the prices. Then she bought a new car.
Jane bought _____________________________________________________________
28. Jack went to Vietnam in 2002. He returned home in 2005.
Jack ___________________________________________________________________
29. They finished work and then left the office.
They __________________________________________________________________
30. We started learning English about 5 years ago.
We’ve _________________________________________________________________
31. How much do you pay for this computer ?
How much does __________________________________________________________
32. The last time Joe heard from his family was in June.
Joe hasn’t ______________________________________________________________
33. How long have you been living in this new house ?
When __________________________________________________________________
34. This is my third visit to Hồ Chí Minh City.
I have __________________________________________________________________
35. Jack wants to drive to work, but he doesn’t have a car.
If Jack _________________________________________________________________
36. We were late because of the heavy traffic.
If it ____________________________________________________________________
37. Why don’t you ask your teacher for advice ?
If I were ________________________________________________________________
38. I’ll never see you again if you don’t tell the truth.
Unless _________________________________________________________________
39. This is James. He helped me solve that problem.
James is ________________________________________________________________
40. The tea is so hot that I can’t drink it.
The tea is _______________________________________________________________
41. Mexico City is more densely populated than Tokyo.
Tokyo is not ____________________________________________________________
42. Sydney is larger than any other city in Australia.
Sydney is _______________________________________________________________
43. China has the largest population in the world.
There are _______________________________________________________________
44. The book really interests me.
I ______________________________________________________________________
45. They didn’t go fishing because it was too cold.
If _____________________________________________________________________
46. When did you start learning English ?
How long _______________________________________________________________
47. I’m sorry I was so rude to you yesterday.
I apologize ______________________________________________________________
48. People say she is an honest and reliable person.
It is ___________________________________________________________________
49. It took me two hours to do my homework.
I ______________________________________________________________________
50. He left school and then joined the army.
After he ________________________________________________________________
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51. What is your date of birth ?
When __________________________________________________________________
52. When Minh was small, he usually slept with his brother.
Minh used ______________________________________________________________
53. It’s three years since I started using this bicycle.
I have __________________________________________________________________
54. No one has ever answered the questions.
These questions __________________________________________________________
55. Julia is talking with a dump man.
The man who ____________________________________________________________
56. I’ve arranged to meet Mr.Trung tomorrow evening.
I’m ____________________________________________________________________
57. He was in the habit of getting up very late.
He used ________________________________________________________________
58. He is talking to the girl with long hair.
The girl whom ___________________________________________________________
59. “You’d better go to see the doctor immediately.”
She advised _____________________________________________________________
60. They want to buy a bigger house but they don’t have enough money.
If they _________________________________________________________________
61. She is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.
She wouldn’t ____________________________________________________________
62. The fire destroyed the forest completely.
The forest ______________________________________________________________
63. I didn’t go to school on time this morning because the bus was late.
If the bus _______________________________________________________________
64. You can’t visit the USA unless you get a visa.
If _____________________________________________________________________
65. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet ?” asked Peter.
Peter asked if ____________________________________________________________
66. She started working as a secretary five years ago.
She has ________________________________________________________________
67. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult.
My French friend ________________________________________________________
68. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.
If we __________________________________________________________________
69. The children couldn’t go swimming because of the rough sea.
The sea was too __________________________________________________________
70. I’m always nervous when I travel by car.
Travelling ______________________________________________________________
71. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
72. They haven’t cleaned the streets this week.
The streets ______________________________________________________________
73. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.
Apples are not ___________________________________________________________
74. I advised you to put your money in the bank.
You’d _________________________________________________________________
75. The restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.
It was such ______________________________________________________________
76. John only understood very little of what the teacher said.
John could hardly ________________________________________________________
77. I haven’t been to Bristol for 3 years.
The last time ____________________________________________________________
78. Jim will be eighteen next week.
It’s Jim’s _______________________________________________________________
79. How long is it since they bought the house ?
When __________________________________________________________________
80. He couldn’t repair the broken vase.
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The ___________________________________________________________________
81. I’ve never met such a famous person before.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
82. It was so late that nothing could be done.
It was too _______________________________________________________________
83. The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.
We ____________________________________________________________________
84. The bus takes longer than the train.
The train _______________________________________________________________
85. The train couldn’t run because of the snow.
The snow _______________________________________________________________
86. I haven’t seen that man here before.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
87. The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.
The furniture ____________________________________________________________
88. He learned to drive when he was eighteen.
He has _________________________________________________________________
89. Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
90. The cake was so hard that I couldn’t eat it.
It was __________________________________________________________________
91. The water was so cold that the children could not swim in it.
The water was not ________________________________________________________
92. Somebody repaired her car yesterday.
She ____________________________________________________________________
93. They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight.
All the prisoners _________________________________________________________
94. I started to work for the company a year ago.
I have __________________________________________________________________
95. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
If Susan ________________________________________________________________
96. Although he didn’t speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
97. How long have Catherine and Henry been engaged ?
When __________________________________________________________________
98. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 7 miles before breakfast.
Although _______________________________________________________________
99. The bread is so stale that we can’t eat it.
The bread isn’t __________________________________________________________
100. The zoo keeper feed lions at 3 p.m every day.
The lions _______________________________________________________________
161. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
If _____________________________________________________________________
162. The bridge was so low that the bus couldn’t go under it.
It was __________________________________________________________________
163. I last saw him when I was a student.
I haven’t _______________________________________________________________
164. It’s a six–hour drive from London to Edinburgh.
It takes _________________________________________________________________
165. It’s ages since Alan visited his parents.
Alan ___________________________________________________________________
166. Mr. Will lost his job because he was late every day.
If _____________________________________________________________________
167. The police made the youth empty his pocket.
The youth ______________________________________________________________
168. Lawrence hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan.
Lawrence last ___________________________________________________________
169. John is fat because he eats so many chips.
If _____________________________________________________________________
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170. If Joe doesn’t change his way, he will end up in prison.
Unless _________________________________________________________________
171. Having a vacation abroad is interesting.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
172. The water was so cold that the children could not take a swim.
The water wasn’t _________________________________________________________
173. It’s two months since I last spoke to her.
I haven’t _______________________________________________________________
174. “Turn down the radio, Nam.” , his father said.
Nam’s father ____________________________________________________________
175. Lan will be seventeen next week.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
176. How long is it since you bought the car ?
When __________________________________________________________________
177. Nam began to collect stamps in 2000.
Nam has _______________________________________________________________
178. We have lived here for 15 years.
We started ______________________________________________________________
179. English and French are spoken in Canada.
People _________________________________________________________________
180. They are going to invite Nam to dinner.
Nam ___________________________________________________________________
181. I can’t cook as well as my mother does.
My mother ______________________________________________________________
186. He wrote the letter in two hours.
It _____________________________________________________________________
187. It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it.
The tea _________________________________________________________________
188. Because she behaves well, everybody loves her.
Because of ______________________________________________________________
189. Unless you water the flowers everyday, they will die.
If _____________________________________________________________________
190. I have studied English for 3 years.
I began _________________________________________________________________
191. She didn’t take your advice, so she failed in the exam.
If _____________________________________________________________________
192. We spend our childhood in that beautiful mountain resort and we always remember.
We always remember _____________________________________________________
193. The cake was so bad that I couldn’t eat it.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
194. Without a passport, she couldn’t have left the country.
If _____________________________________________________________________
195. The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go sailing.
The weather wasn’t _______________________________________________________
196. The plane took off before we arrived at the airport.
By the time _____________________________________________________________
197. I don’t live in a big city, so I can’t go to the cinema very often.
If _____________________________________________________________________
198. She never seems to succeed even though she works hard.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
199. Jeanie is the tallest girl in her class.
No one _________________________________________________________________
200. You didn’t plan things at the start, so we are in this mess now.
If _____________________________________________________________________
201. My father bought a car with a sun roof.
The car ________________________________________________________________
202. It’s said that English people are quiet and severed.
English people ___________________________________________________________
203. Fiona had to get on the plane though she was afraid of flying.
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Despite ________________________________________________________________
204. Foxes can use their noses to find their dinners because they have a keen sense of smell.
Because of ______________________________________________________________
205. He was very old, but he walked ten miles everyday.
Despite ________________________________________________________________
206. Jenny ran fast but she didn’t win the race.
Despite ________________________________________________________________
207. He is too young to appreciate such a film.
He’s not ________________________________________________________________
225. If you run a lot, you will get fitter.
The more _______________________________________________________________
226. That’s the best meal I’ve ever eaten
I’ve ___________________________________________________________________
227. “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number” said Paula to Susan.
Paula apologised _________________________________________________________
228. I didn’t know you were coming, so I didn’t wait for you.
If _____________________________________________________________________
229. People say that prevention is better than cure.
Prevention ______________________________________________________________
230. She likes learning Chemistry best.
Chemistry ______________________________________________________________
231. Nobody has invited her to the party.
She ____________________________________________________________________
232. Getting to know a person is always time–consuming.
It takes _________________________________________________________________
233. To find a house in this country is difficult.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
234. Tom and Jane have been married for 5 years.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
235. This room is too small for 5 people to live in.
This room ______________________________________________________________
236. They made me study hard when I was at school.
I ______________________________________________________________________
237. “Please don’t leave me on my own.”
Martin begged us _________________________________________________________
238. Parking is not permitted here
You aren’t ______________________________________________________________
261. I haven’t seen my cousin for 2 years.
It’s 2 years since _________________________________________________________
262. I haven’t seen that film before.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
263. Despite her dislike for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.
Although _______________________________________________________________
264. Mary booked at before we got to her house.
By the time we __________________________________________________________
265. It started to rain at 2 o’clock and it is still raining.
It _____________________________________________________________________
266. They made her hand over her passport.
She ____________________________________________________________________
267. I tried to eat that cake but it was too sweet.
It was __________________________________________________________________
268. My brother and I went to that school.
I went to _______________________________________________________________
269. I often get up early in the morning.
I ______________________________________________________________________
270. Getting a good job doesn’t interest him.
He ____________________________________________________________________
271. The garden is too small to play football in.
The garden _____________________________________________________________
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272. Be he rich or poor, she will marry him.
She will ________________________________________________________________
273. We haven’t been to the movies for a year.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
274. John used to smoke.
John didn’t _____________________________________________________________
275. Lock the door carefully before going to bed.
The door _______________________________________________________________
283. People used to think that he was selfish.
He ____________________________________________________________________
287. The day was so cold that we stayed indoor.
It _____________________________________________________________________
288. I’ve never read a more romantic story before.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
289. She likes to travel around the world but she doesn’t have a lot of money.
She wishes ______________________________________________________________
290. I haven’t met her for 3 months.
I ______________________________________________________________________
291. She usually wore uniform when she was a student.
She ____________________________________________________________________
292. There are many beautiful places in Hồ Chí Minh City.
Hồ Chí Minh City ________________________________________________________
293. I don’t have time to help you do this work.
I wish I ________________________________________________________________
294. The film is more interesting than the one I last saw.
The film I last saw was ____________________________________________________
295. Lan used to walk pass the mosque in the past.
Lan ___________________________________________________________________
296. We spent a whole day looking for these old pictures.
It took _________________________________________________________________
297. Learning a foreign language is interesting.
It _____________________________________________________________________
298. Although Tom took a taxi, he was still late for the party.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
299. They will build a new market near my house.
A new market ___________________________________________________________
300. I haven’t visited my parents for three months.
I ______________________________________________________________________
301. It’s very convenient to wear jeans at work.
Wearing jeans ___________________________________________________________
302. I haven’t seen her at this club before.
This is _________________________________________________________________
303. How much is this book ?
What does ______________________________________________________________
304. People built this cathedral nearly 200 years ago.
This cathedral ___________________________________________________________
305. Take my advice and don’t drink so much whisky.
If I ____________________________________________________________________
306. I last went there when I was a child.
I have __________________________________________________________________
307. Hurry or you will late for the train.
If you __________________________________________________________________
308. “Did you go out with your brother last night ?” said John to me.
John asked me ___________________________________________________________
309. She last wrote to me 3 months ago.
She hasn’t ______________________________________________________________
310. It is very useful to speak English fluently.
Speaking English ________________________________________________________
311. “I’ll complete the work only if you pay me 10$ extra” said Tom.
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“Unless ________________________________________________________________
312. The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.
Plans __________________________________________________________________
313. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.
If _____________________________________________________________________
314. Unless he phones immediately, he won’t get any information.
If _____________________________________________________________________
315. The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor.
Unless _________________________________________________________________
316. The weather was so cold that children could not swim in it.
The weather was not ______________________________________________________
317. “You’d better not lend him anymore money, Elizabeth” said John.
John advised Elizabeth ____________________________________________________
318. I started to work for the company a year ago.
I ______________________________________________________________________
319. Because of the rough sea, the ferry couldn’t sail.
The rough sea ___________________________________________________________
320. This furniture is so old that it’s not worth keeping.
It is ___________________________________________________________________
321. “Where is the station car park ?” Mrs. Smith asked.
Mrs. Smith asked ________________________________________________________
322. Miss Taylor doesn’t like living in such a small house.
Miss Taylor wishes _______________________________________________________
344. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train.
If _____________________________________________________________________
345. The fire has destroyed many houses.
Many houses ___________________________________________________________
346. I have studied English for 3 years.
I began _________________________________________________________________
347. They are building a new school in that village.
A new school ____________________________________________________________
348. Unless you water those flowers regularly, they will wither.
If you __________________________________________________________________
349. The driver said : “Don’t get off the bus while it’s moving !”.
The driver asked the passengers _____________________________________________
350. The robbers made the bank manager hand over the money.
The bank manager ________________________________________________________
351. “Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, Barny ?” said John.
John suggested __________________________________________________________
352. I haven’t eaten this kind of food before.
This is the ______________________________________________________________
353. “Can I borrow your bicycle ?” asked Peter.
Peter asked if __________________________________________________________
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