Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Design

Assignment #2

Problem 1

It is required to check the section shown for the simply 400

supported beam B1. Assume that the beam carries a 2 - 25M

50
uniformly distributed unfactored dead load (including its Compression

self-weight) of 10 kN/m. The unfactored live load is 21

500
450
kN/m. Check whether the doubly-reinforced beam
section shown is adequate to carry the maximum 4 - 25M
bending moment developed in the beam. Assume Tension

f c′ = 25 MPa ( Normal Density ) and f y = 400 MPa.

Problem 2

A simply supported reinforced concrete beam of rectangular cross-section supports a uniform

dead load of 35 kN/m (including the beam self-weight) and a uniform live load of 65 kN/m. The
span of the beam is 7.5 m. The project architect requires the beam height to be 800 mm. Assume
one layer of reinforcement, f c′ = 30 MPa (normal − density concrete), and f y = 400 MPa .

Find
a) the minimum required beam width, and
b) the amount of tension reinforcement, As ,

such that the beam can carry the design loads while the reinforcement ratio at the midspan of the
beam is ρ s ≤ 0.75ρb . Assume h = d + 60.
 Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Design

Assignment #2 Solution

400
Problem 1
2 - 25M

50
Compression
f c′ = 25 MPa f y = 400 MPa λ =1

500
450
ω f =1.25 DL + 1.50 LL =1.25 ×10 + 1.50 × 21 = 44 kN / m

4 - 25M
ω f × L2 44 × 7 2
Mf = = = 269.5 kN .m Tension
8 8

α1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 f c′ = 0.85 − 0.0015 × 25 = 0.8125 ≥ 0.67

β1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 f c′ = 0.97 − 0.0025 × 25 = 0.9075 ≥ 0.67

d = 450 mm ; d ′ = 50 mm

As = 4 × 500 = 2000 mm 2 ; As′ = 2 × 500 = 1000 mm2

Assuming compression steel yields:

φs ( As − As′ ) f y
α1φc f c′ ba + φs As′ f y = φs As f y  a =
α1φc f c′ b

0.85 × (2000 − 1000) × 400

a= = 64.4 mm
0.8125 × 0.65 × 25 × 400

a 64.4
c= = = 71.0 mm
β1 0.9075

c 71.0 c 700 700

= = 0.1578 ≤ b = = = 0.636  Tension steel has yielded .
d 450 d 700 + f y 700 + 400
  d −c   450 − 71.0  fy 400
Or : ε s =   ε cu =   × 0.0035 = 0.0187 ≥ = = 0.0020  Tension steel has yielded .
 c   71.0  Es 200 000

 c − d′   71.0 − 50  fy 400
ε s′ =   ε cu =   × 0.0035 = 0.0010 < = = 0.0020  Compression steel has not yielded !
 c   71.0  Es 200 000

So : f s′ = Es ε s′ = 200000 × 0.0010 = 200 MPa

  c − d′  
φs As f y = φs As′  Es   ε cu  + α1φc f c′bβ1c
  c  

φs ( As′ Esε cu − As f y ) φs As′ Esε cu d ′

c2 + c− =0
α1β1φc f c′b α1β1φc f c′b

0.85 (1000 × 200000 × 0.0035 − 2000 × 400 ) 0.85 ×1000 × 200000 × 0.0035 × 50
c2 + c− =0
0.8125 × 0.9075 × 0.65 × 25 × 400 0.8125 × 0.9075 × 0.65 × 25 × 400

c 2 − 17.74 c − 6207 = 0  c = 88.15 mm or c = −70.4 mm

So : c = 88.15 mm

a = β1 c = 88.15 × 0.9075 = 80.0 mm

 d −c  450 − 88.15  fy 400

εs =   ε cu =   × 0.0035 = 0.0144 ≥ = = 0.0020
 c   88.15  Es 200 000
So, tension steel has yielded (confirmed ).

 c − d′   88.15 − 50  fy 400
ε s′ =   ε cu =   × 0.0035 = 0.0015 < = = 0.0020
 c   88.15  Es 200 000
So, compression steel has not yielded (confirmed ).

f s′ = Es ε s′ = 200000 × 0.0015 = 300 MPa

 a
M r = α1 φc f c′ b a  d −  + φs As′ f s′ [ d − d ′]
 2

 80.0 
M r = 0.8125 × 0.65 × 25 × 400 × 80.0 ×  450 − + 0.85 ×1000 × 300 × [ 450 − 50]
 2 

M r = 173.2 + 102.0 = 275.2 kN .m ≥ M f = 269.5 kN .m OK

Problem 2

a)

fc′ = 30 MPa f y = 400 MPa λ =1

h = 800 mm  d = h − 60 = 800 − 60 = 740 mm

ω f = 1.25 × 35 + 1.50 × 65 = 141.25 kN / m

ω f l2 141.25 × 7.52
Mf = = = 993.2 kN .m
8 8

α1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 f c′ = 0.85 − 0.0015 × 30 = 0.805 ≥ 0.67

β1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 f c′ = 0.97 − 0.0025 × 30 = 0.895 ≥ 0.67

α1 β1 φc f c′  700  0.805 × 0.895 × 0.65 × 30  700 

ρb =  =   = 0.0263
φs f y  700 + f y  0.85 × 400  700 + 400 

ρ s ≤ 0.75ρb  ρ s ≤ 0.0197

 φs ρ s f y   0.85 × 0.0197 × 400 

K r = φs ρ s f y  1 −  = 0.85 × 0.0197 × 400  1 −  = 5.269 MPa
 2φcα1 f c′   2 × 0.65 × 0.805 × 30 

Mr Mr 993.2 × 106
Kr =  b= = = 344 mm  Say b = 350 mm
bd2 K r d 2 5.269 × 7402

b)

Mr
Kr =
bd2

 φs ρ s f y  M r
φs ρ s f y  1 − =
 2φcα1 f c′  b d 2

 0.85 × ρ s × 400  993.2 × 106

0.85 × ρ s × 400  1 − = 2
 2 × 0.65 × 0.805 × 30  350 × 740

340 ρ s (1 − 10.83ρ s ) = 5.182

ρ s (1 − 10.83ρ s ) = 0.0152

ρ s − 10.83ρ s2 − 0.0152 = 0

10.83 ρ s2 − ρ s + 0.0152 = 0  ρ s = 0.0774 or ρ s = 0.0189

The accepatable answer is : ρ s = 0.0189 ≤ 0.0197 OK

As = ρ s b d = 0.0189 × 350 × 740 = 4895 mm 2

0.2 f c′ 0.2 30
As (min) = × bt h = × 350 × 800 = 767 mm 2 ≪ As = 4895 mm 2 OK
fy 400