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    Euclid of Alexandria The Father of Geometry

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    dhia mehta
    Euclid of Alexandria lived around 300 BCE and is considered the "Father of Geometry". He wrote the famous textbook "Elements", which collected and explained all known mathematics at the time using only a compass and straightedge. The "Elements" laid out 465 theorems and proofs in a clear, logical style and established the model for mathematical argumentation. It remained the definitive geometry textbook for over 2000 years. Euclid also wrote works on other areas of mathematics and established five axioms and five postulates that formed the basis of Euclidean geometry.

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    Euclid of Alexandria The Father of Geometry

    Uploaded by

    dhia mehta
    339 views2 pages
    Euclid of Alexandria lived around 300 BCE and is considered the "Father of Geometry". He wrote the famous textbook "Elements", which collected and explained all known mathematics at the time using only a compass and straightedge. The "Elements" laid out 465 theorems and proofs in a clear, logical style and established the model for mathematical argumentation. It remained the definitive geometry textbook for over 2000 years. Euclid also wrote works on other areas of mathematics and established five axioms and five postulates that formed the basis of Euclidean geometry.

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    Euclid of Alexandria the Father of Geometry

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    Euclid of Alexandria lived around 300 BCE and is considered the "Father of Geometry". He wrote the famous textbook "Elements", which collected and explained all known mathematics at the time using only a compass and straightedge. The "Elements" laid out 465 theorems and proofs in a clear, logical style and established the model for mathematical argumentation. It remained the definitive geometry textbook for over 2000 years. Euclid also wrote works on other areas of mathematics and established five axioms and five postulates that formed the basis of Euclidean geometry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    339 views2 pages

    Euclid of Alexandria The Father of Geometry

    Uploaded by

    dhia mehta
    Euclid of Alexandria lived around 300 BCE and is considered the "Father of Geometry". He wrote the famous textbook "Elements", which collected and explained all known mathematics at the time using only a compass and straightedge. The "Elements" laid out 465 theorems and proofs in a clear, logical style and established the model for mathematical argumentation. It remained the definitive geometry textbook for over 2000 years. Euclid also wrote works on other areas of mathematics and established five axioms and five postulates that formed the basis of Euclidean geometry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    EUCLID OF ALEXANDRIA – The Father of Geometry

    Who is Euclid?
    The Greek mathematician Euclid lived and flourished in
    Alexandria in Egypt around 300 BCE, during the reign of
    Ptolemy I. Almost nothing is known of his life, and no likeness
    or first-hand description of his physical appearance has survived
    antiquity, and so depictions of him (with a long flowing beard
    and cloth cap) in works of art are necessarily the products of the
    artist’s imagination. Euclid (c.330-275 BCE, fl.
    c.300 BCE)
    He probably studied for a time at Plato’s Academy in Athens
    but, by Euclid’s time, Alexandria, under the patronage of the Ptolemies and with its prestigious and
    comprehensive Library, had already become a worthy rival to the great Academy.

    Euclid is often referred to as the “Father of Geometry”, and he wrote perhaps the most important
    and successful mathematical textbook of all time, the “Stoicheion” or “Elements”, which represents
    the culmination of the mathematical revolution which had taken place in Greece up to that time. He
    also wrote works on the division of geometrical figures into into parts in given ratios, on catoptrics
    (the mathematical theory of mirrors and reflection), and on spherical astronomy (the determination of
    the location of objects on the “celestial sphere”), as well as important texts on optics and music.

    The “Elements” was a lucid and comprehensive compilation and explanation of all the known
    mathematics of his time, including the work of Pythagoras, Hippocrates, Theudius, Theaetetus and
    Eudoxus. In all, it contains 465 theorems and proofs, described in a clear, logical and elegant style,
    and using only a compass and a straight edge. Euclid reworked the mathematical concepts of his
    predecessors into a consistent whole, later to become known as Euclidean geometry, which is still as
    valid today as it was 2,300 years ago, even in higher mathematics dealing with higher dimensional
    spaces. It was only with the work of Bolyai, Lobachevski and Riemann in the first half of the 19th
    Century that any kind of non-Euclidean geometry was even considered.

    The “Elements” remained the definitive textbook on geometry and mathematics for well over two
    millennia, surviving the eclipse in classical learning in Europe during the Dark Ages through Arabic
    translations. It set, for all time, the model for mathematical argument, following logical deductions
    from inital assumptions (which Euclid called “axioms” and “postulates”) in order to establish proven
    theorems.

    https://www.storyofmathematics.com/hellenistic_euclid.html
    Euclid’s five general axioms were:
    1. Things which are equal to the same thing are equal to each other.
    2. If equals are added to equals, the wholes (sums) are equal.
    3. If equals are subtracted from equals, the remainders (differences) are equal.
    4. Things that coincide with one another are equal to one another.
    5. The whole is greater than the part.

    His five geometrical postulates were:


    1. It is possible to draw a straight line from any point to any point.
    2. It is possible to extend a finite straight line continuously in a straight line (i.e. a line segment can
    be extended past either of its endpoints to form an arbitrarily large line segment).
    3. It is possible to create a circle with any center and distance (radius).
    4. All right angles are equal to one another (i.e. “half” of a straight angle).
    5. If a straight line crossing two straight lines makes the interior angles on the same side less than
    two right angles, the two straight lines, if produced indefinitely, meet on that side on which the
    angles are less than the two right angles.

    https://www.storyofmathematics.com/hellenistic_euclid.html

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