The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a powerful Hellenistic state centered in Egypt from 323 BC to 30 BC. It extended from Syria in the east to Cyrene in the west, and south to Nubia. Alexandria served as the capital and center of Greek culture. Later Ptolemies adopted Egyptian traditions like portrayals in art and participation in religion to gain acceptance. The last Ptolemaic ruler was Cleopatra, who committed suicide after her lover Mark Antony's death following the Roman conquest of Egypt. The Ptolemies faced rebellions and foreign/civil wars, leading to decline and annexation by Rome, though Hellenistic culture continued in Egypt for some time.
The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a powerful Hellenistic state centered in Egypt from 323 BC to 30 BC. It extended from Syria in the east to Cyrene in the west, and south to Nubia. Alexandria served as the capital and center of Greek culture. Later Ptolemies adopted Egyptian traditions like portrayals in art and participation in religion to gain acceptance. The last Ptolemaic ruler was Cleopatra, who committed suicide after her lover Mark Antony's death following the Roman conquest of Egypt. The Ptolemies faced rebellions and foreign/civil wars, leading to decline and annexation by Rome, though Hellenistic culture continued in Egypt for some time.
The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a powerful Hellenistic state centered in Egypt from 323 BC to 30 BC. It extended from Syria in the east to Cyrene in the west, and south to Nubia. Alexandria served as the capital and center of Greek culture. Later Ptolemies adopted Egyptian traditions like portrayals in art and participation in religion to gain acceptance. The last Ptolemaic ruler was Cleopatra, who committed suicide after her lover Mark Antony's death following the Roman conquest of Egypt. The Ptolemies faced rebellions and foreign/civil wars, leading to decline and annexation by Rome, though Hellenistic culture continued in Egypt for some time.
The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a powerful Hellenistic state centered in Egypt from 323 BC to 30 BC. It extended from Syria in the east to Cyrene in the west, and south to Nubia. Alexandria served as the capital and center of Greek culture. Later Ptolemies adopted Egyptian traditions like portrayals in art and participation in religion to gain acceptance. The last Ptolemaic ruler was Cleopatra, who committed suicide after her lover Mark Antony's death following the Roman conquest of Egypt. The Ptolemies faced rebellions and foreign/civil wars, leading to decline and annexation by Rome, though Hellenistic culture continued in Egypt for some time.
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Greek rule[edit]
Ptolemaic Kingdom[edit] Main article: Ptolemaic Kingdom
The Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra and her son by Julius Caesar, Caesarion, at the Dendera Temple
complex.
The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a powerful Hellenistic state extending from southern Syria in the east,
to Cyrene to the west, and south to the frontier with Nubia. Alexandria became the capital city and a center of Greek culture and trade. To gain recognition by the native Egyptian populace, they named themselves as the successors to the Pharaohs. The later Ptolemies took on Egyptian traditions, had themselves portrayed on public monuments in Egyptian style and dress, and participated in Egyptian religious life.[12][13] The last ruler from the Ptolemaic dynasty was Cleopatra, who committed suicide following the burial of her lover Mark Antony, who had died in her arms (from a self-inflicted stab wound) after Augustus had captured Alexandria and her mercenary forces had fled. The Ptolemies faced rebellions of native Egyptians, often caused by an unwanted regime, and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its annexation by Rome. Nevertheless, Hellenistic culture continued to thrive in Egypt well after the Muslim conquest. The native Egyptian/Coptic culture continued to exist as well (the Coptic language itself was Egypt's most widely spoken language until at least the 10th century).