Contemporary Philippine

Arts from the Regions

Quarter 1
Module 5

The Elements of
Music
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions – Grade 12
Quarter 1 – Module 5: The Elements of Music
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso, Ed. D.
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña, Ed. D.
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon, Ed. D. (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
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Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D. (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D. (EsP)
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Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed.D. (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Contemporary Philippine
Arts from the Regions

Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 5
The Elements of Music
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Contemporary Arts from the Philippine Regions (Grade 12)
Module on The Elements of Music!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the learner:

Welcome to the Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Module on

The Elements of Music!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - These point to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

By the end of this lesson, the learner will be able to…

1. identify and define the Elements of Music;
2. evaluate musical pieces based on the Elements of Music;
3. and compare music from 2 different regions.

PRETEST

Choose the best answer from the choices provided by writing the letter of your
answer on the space provided.
______ 1. This pertains to the speed of the music.
A. Tempo B. Beat C. Texture D. Dynamics
______ 2. It pertains to the softness or loudness in music.
A. Pitch B. Dynamics C. Melody D. Rhythm
______ 3. This refers to the steady and regular pulse in music.
A. Melody B. Rhythm C. Tempo D. Beat
______ 4. It is the sound of two or more notes heard at the same time.
A. Melody B. Texture C. Harmony D. Timbre
______ 5. It is the most common among the three kinds of textures, because it
refers to a piece that has melody and harmony.
A. Texture B. Monophonic C. Homophonic D. Polyphonic

RECAP
The Elements of Arts are the compositions of every artwork.
In the previous module, the six (6) Elements of Visual Arts discussed were line,
shape, form, color, texture, and space.
 Line is a stroke or mark that can be straight, curved, thick, or thin. It is
utilized to suggest movement, emotions, depth, distance, and rhythm.
 A shape is a space enclosed by lines that can dictate the point of view of the
viewer or audience called, perspective, and present different emotions and
actions.
  Form pertains to a three-dimensional shape or any shape that has length,
width, and depth that help create the illusion of a three-dimensional design
in a two-dimensional plane.
 Color refers to the product when light hits an object then reflected to the
eyes. Value is how light (tint) and dark (shade) a color is. It creates the mood
of an artwork.
 Space is the area surrounding, between, and within an object; can either be
positive (object or foreground) or negative (background). It helps illustrate
distance and the relationship of the foreground and background.
 Texture pertains to the visual perception of the surface of any object using
the other elements of art to contribute to realism.

LESSON
There are six (6) Elements of Music, namely, rhythm, dynamics, timbre,
melody, harmony, and texture.
1. Rhythm is the flow or movement of music through time. Tempo and beat are
parts of rhythm. Tempo pertains to the speed of the music (fast or slow), while beat
refers to the steady and regular pulse in music. For example, the beating of one’s
heart and the ticking of a clock.
Rhythm greatly affects the emotional impact and direction of music. Musical pieces
that are slow generally give off a gentle, dramatic, or even melancholic vibe, while
fast ones are generally joyful, exciting, and fun.
2. Dynamics refers to the softness and loudness of music. It is used by composers
to express how they want their audience to feel or convey the mood the piece
through volume and intensity. For example, a horror movie with a chase scene will
have an intense or strong music playing in the background but will change into a
quiet or soft music when a character is hiding.
3. Timbre, also known as “tone color”, is the unique quality of sound. It helps in
distinguishing the different sources of sound. For instance, a person’s voice and
musical instruments may have the same note but they are distinct in the sound
they make. Another example is distinguishing instruments in the same category,
such as a guitar and violin, which are both string instruments.
4. Melody pertains to a series of notes together. This is the most memorable part of
music. It is the tune of a musical piece. For example, the tune one plays when
asked to hum “Happy Birthday”.

5. Harmony is the sound of two or more notes heard at the same time. It is when
sounds form a cohesive whole. To illustrate, think of an orchestra: the violin is
playing one note, the piano playing another, and the clarinet playing a different
one. Harmony is created when all those notes are heard simultaneously.

This is also described as the accompanying sound to the melody.

6. Texture is the layers of musical sounds. It has three kinds: monophonic,
homophonic, and polyphonic. Monophonic pertains to a piece that has a single
melody and has no harmony. For example, vocal music that do not have
accompanying instruments (a cappella), or instrumental music that has only one
instrument playing.

Homophonic is the most common among the three because it refers to a piece that
has melody and harmony. For instance, a song that has vocals accompanied by a
guitar or an instrumental music using a violin and piano.

Lastly, polyphonic refers to playing various melodies at once. For example, a song
that has three singers, with each singing different lyric, all of which with of equal
significance and emphasis.

ACTIVITY

Choose one (1) Original Pilipino Music (OPM) song and one (1) folk song (e.g.
Bahay Kubo, Dandansoy, Leron Leron Sinta) then list down their similarities and
differences by answering the questions below.
OPM Questions based on the Folk Music
Song: ___________________ Elements of Music Song: ___________________
1. Describe the rhythm of
the songs. How does the
it influence the emotional
impact of the song?

2. How do the dynamics

of the piece affect the
mood of the piece?

3. Are the instruments

used distinguishable?
What are they (string,
percussion, woodwind)?

4. What feeling does the

melody evoke in the
listener?

5. Is the piece
harmonious? Why or why
not?
 6. What is the texture of
the song?

WRAP-UP

In 3-5 sentences, summarize the lesson in the module.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

An artwork is meant to be perceived by the senses, but as a viewer, one must also
be aware of the elements involved in its composition. Besides its aesthetic appeal,
artworks have a deeper meaning than what is seen on the surface, which,
therefore, makes them even more significant and relevant.
By knowing how to evaluate music and its elements, one can learn to appreciate it
more, especially the ones in the Philippines. With awareness and appreciation,
Philippine Art and culture can thrive in years to come.

POSTTEST

Choose the best answer from the choices provided by writing the letter of your
answer on the space provided.
______ 1. It refers to a kind of texture wherein there are various melodies playing at
once.
A. Harmony B. Monophonic C. Homophonic D. Polyphonic
______ 2. It is also known as “tone color”.
A. Dynamics B. Melody C. Tempo D. Timbre
 ______ 3. It is the flow or movement of music through time.
A. Tempo B. Dynamics C. Rhythm D. A cappella
______ 4. It is the tune of a musical piece.
A. Melody B. Timbre C. Harmony D. Tone
______ 5. It is described as the layers of musical sounds.
A. Melody B. Texture C. Homophonic D. Rhythm

KEY TO CORRECTION
5. B. Texture 5. C. Homophonic
4. A. Melody 4. C. Harmony
3. C. Rhythm 3. D. Beat
2. D. Timbre 2. B. Dynamics
1. D. Polyphonic 1. A. Tempo
Post-Test Pre-Test

REFERENCES
Dufort, Jon. “Texture in Music.” Making Music Magazine, April 27, 2020.
https://makingmusicmag.com/texture-in-music/.

Estrella, Espie. “What Are the Basic Elements of Music?” LiveAbout, November 4,
2019. https://www.liveabout.com/the-elements-of-music-2455913.